Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/01—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with natural macromolecular compounds or derivatives thereof
  • D06M15/03—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof

Definitions

• warp yarns are provided with solutions, melts, dispersions or emulsions of sizing agents which impart smoothness, consistency, suppleness and strength to the yarn, so that processing on the loom is improved. After weaving, the sizing agent is removed in most cases.
• Sizing agents based on naturally occurring polysaccharides e.g. Starch sizing is characterized by good biodegradability, but it is not or only insufficiently suitable for sizing semi-or. fully synthetic fibers. They are therefore preferably used in mixtures with the agents mentioned.
• the invention now relates to a readily biodegradable, water-washable sizing agent, which is characterized by excellent adhesive strength and suppleness.
• the polysaccharide from the seed of Cassia Occidentalis after hydroxyalkylation and partial depolymerization is an excellent sizing agent for yarns made of cotton, regenerated cellulose and synthetic fibers, as well as their blends.
• the invention thus relates to a sizing agent for yarns made of cotton, regenerated cellulose and synthetic fibers, and mixtures thereof, which consists essentially of a hydroxyalkylated polysaccharide from the seeds of Cassia Occidentalis, which has a viscosity of 40-10,000 mPas (10% aqueous solution , 80 ° C, Brookfield RVT) and has a degree of substitution of 0.05 - 1.0.
• the sizing agents according to the invention have a viscosity range of 40-10,000 mPas, preferably 200-9,000 mPas, in aqueous solution with a dry substance content of 10%.
• the viscosity is measured at 80 ° C. on a Brookfield viscometer, model RVT, at 20 rpm.
• hydroxyalkylated polysaccharides used according to the invention as sizing agents have a degree of substitution of 0.05-1.0, preferably 0.1-0.9.
• Hydroxyethylated and hydroxypropylated polysaccharide is preferred, although in principle hydroxyl-C 2-4 -alkylated polysaccharide can be used.
• the polysaccharide from Cassia Occidentalis used according to the invention is predominantly a galactomannan.
• the sizing agents according to the invention are prepared by hydroxyalkylating polysaccharide from the endosperms of Cassia Occidentalis with an alkylene oxide or haloalkanol in a known manner and before, during or after the hydroxyalkylation to achieve the desired viscosity in a manner known per se.
• the depolymerization can be carried out, for example, with hydrogen peroxide or with inorganic peroxides, or by hydrolysis or by means of enzymes.
• the polysaccharide from endosperms of Cassia Occidentalis is first kneaded briefly with aqueous NaOH solution in a kneader mixer, then an alkylene oxide, such as preferably ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, is added to the mixture, and several are added at a temperature of 40-80 ° C. Worked well for hours with the mixer closed. After the reaction has ended, the depolymerization is carried out with an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution at elevated temperature, for example 50-90 ° C. This depolymerization can also be carried out before the hydroxyalkylation. The resulting, almost homogeneous paste can then e.g. be dried on a drum dryer. There is a product that is soluble in hot and cold water.
• an alkylene oxide such as preferably ethylene oxide or propylene oxide
• the sizing agent according to the invention is practically salt-free and, even in its molecular structure, is not a salt, e.g. the carboxymethylates or polyacrylates.
• salt-free sizing agents protect the weaving tableware and cause no corrosion.
• the products according to the invention have the advantage of significantly better size effects. That is compared to the salt-free coatings based on CMC, PVA or acrylate
• the sizing agent according to the invention is readily biodegradable and easy to remove from the waste water in a biological sewage treatment plant. In contrast to polyvinyl alcohol, it is also readily soluble in an alkaline medium.
• the yarns sized with this have a good surface smoothness and thus have sufficient resistance to the heavy demands of the weaving process. This applies in particular to very dense tissue qualities.
• the sizing agent according to the invention is readily biodegradable.
• the chemical oxygen demand of such a size solution drops to less than 20% of the initial value after 5 days of incubation with activated sludge.
• Comparisons with the commonly used water-washable sizing agents show that polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylates and carboxymethyl cellulose are virtually non-degradable under these conditions.
• the excess propylene oxide is removed by vacuum and the reaction mixture is mixed with 5 parts of hydrogen peroxide (approx. 32%) in 500 parts of water and kneaded at 60-90 ° C. for about 90 minutes.
• the paste is then homogeneous and is dried in a thin layer using a drum dryer.
• the scale-like product sizing agent is soluble in cold and hot water, the 10% aqueous solution shows a viscosity of approx. 7000 - 8500 mPas at 80 ° C.
• the sizing agent has a degree of substitution of 0.27.
• the scale-like sizing agent is cold and warm. water-soluble, its 10% aqueous solution shows a viscosity of approx. 1000 mPas at 80 ° C. The degree of substitution was determined to be 0.25 (iodine-hydrogen method).
• the scale-like sizing agent is soluble in cold and hot water, its 10% aqueous solution shows a viscosity of approx. 700 mPas at 80 ° C.
• the degree of substitution was determined to be 0.7 (iodine-hydrogen method).
• the scale-like sizing agent is soluble in cold and hot water. Its 10% aqueous solution shows a viscosity of approx. 800 mPas at 80 ° C. The degree of substitution was determined to be 0.3 (iodine-hydrogen method).
• a cold and hot water soluble powdered sizing agent After drying in a vacuum a cold and hot water soluble powdered sizing agent is obtained.
• the 10% aqueous solution of the sizing agent shows a viscosity of approx. 1? 00 mPas at 80 ° C.
• the degree of substitution was determined using 0.25 (iodine-hydrogen method).
• 100 parts of endosperms from Cassia Occidentalis are placed in a kneading mixer and mixed with a solution of 5 parts of sodium hydroxide in 100 parts of water within about 5 minutes with the mixer running. After kneading for 30 minutes, the mixture is mixed with 15 parts of ethylene oxide and the mixer is closed. With thorough mixing, the reaction mixture is allowed to react at 60 ° C. for a further 3 hours. Now the excess ethylene oxide is removed (vacuum) and 50 parts of hydrogen peroxide (32% strength) in 50 parts of water are added to the reaction mixture and the mixture is kneaded at 60-90 ° C. for about 90 minutes. The strongly swollen, but still free-flowing product is ground in a mill with simultaneous drying. The 10% aqueous solution of the sizing agent shows a viscosity of 600 mPas at 80 ° C. The degree of substitution was determined using 0.85 (iodine-hydrogen method).
• a sizing agent according to Example 7 40 kg were prepared in a turbo cooker with 450 l of cold water and boiled. The following material was finished on a drum sizing machine. Nm 30/1 polyester / cotton in a mixing ratio of 50%: 50% raw white, 4 456 threads, intended for cord fabrics with the fabric setting 27 / 54-30/20. The temperature in the size trough was constant at 85 ° C. The chain was immersed once in the liquor and squeezed twice, a squeezing effect of 115% being achieved. The warp yarn was processed on Sulzer weaving machines, the weaving efficiency being 98.0%. 0.005 warp thread breaks were calculated for 1000 warp and 10,000 weft threads.
• a warp material Nm 16/1 cellulose 100% with 2 060 threads, Fabric setting 17/14 threads per cm, Yarn number chain Nm 16/1, weft Nm 16/1 was finished with a size liquor of 6 kg size according to Example 6 and 0.5 kg size grease on 500 liters of finished liquor on a drum size machine.
• the liquor temperature was a constant 85 ° C in the size trough.
• the warp yarn was dipped once in the liquor and squeezed twice with a squeezing effect of 131%.
• the warp yarn was dried to 6.5% residual moisture.
• the machine speed was 65 m / min. In the weaving mill, with the chain sized in this way, an efficiency of 95.2% was achieved with extremely low dust accumulation, corresponding to 0.018 warp thread breaks on 1000 warp and 10,000 weft threads.
• the counter-test was carried out with 25 kg of medium-viscosity polyvinyl alcohol on 500 l of the finished liquor, a weaving efficiency of 95.3% being achieved.
• 450 l of the finished liquor were prepared in a turbo cooker with 35 kg of sizing agent according to Example 5 and 0.5 kg of sizing fat.
• the following warp material was finished: Nm 70/1 cotton, intended for ticking fabric, with 6580 threads in the fabric setting 47 / 42-70 / 70
• a drum sizing machine with 9 drying cylinders and 2 sizing troughs was available.
• the liquor temperature during finishing was 80-85 ° C.
• the warp yarn was immersed twice in the liquor and squeezed twice with a squeezing effect of 134%.
• a useful output of 97.8% was achieved in the weaving mill, corresponding to 0.01 warp thread breaks on 1000 warp and 10,000 weft threads.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)

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• 1980
  • 1980-04-29 DE DE3016561A patent/DE3016561C2/de not_active Expired
• 1981
  • 1981-04-13 US US06/253,487 patent/US4368324A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1981-04-28 AT AT81103188T patent/ATE23373T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1981-04-28 EP EP81103188A patent/EP0040335B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1981-04-28 JP JP6349681A patent/JPS5725479A/ja active Pending
  • 1981-04-28 ES ES501693A patent/ES8202603A1/es not_active Expired

Patent Citations (2)

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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