EP0034104A1 - Process and apparatus for the manufacture of tape, whether elastic or not, with two simple or worked-up knitted selvedges, and product obtained by this process - Google Patents

Abstract

We move the single screen (45) transversely by driving each stroke and in both directions, a single frame (A4) and driving periodically and alternately by means of the screen (45), beyond an edge or l 'other of the warp thread ply (A3), at least one warp thread (A5) not aligned inside the tread, we work alternately on a selvedge and on the other, the weft (A4) and periodically the driven warp thread (A5) with a movable needle (19) along each selvedge, we release the warp thread (A5) pulled outside and linked to the selvedge when we drive transversely in reverse , the screen (45) and the frame (A4).

Description

The invention relates to a method of manufacturing an elastic ribbon or not, with two mesh edges, simple or worked, the means of implementation and the products obtained.

We know ribbons corresponding to the preamble of claim 1, with a single screen (Patent CH 598.382, Patent DE 127.348, Patent GB 119.558), for the insertion and attachment of a weft thread on the two similar selvedges d 'a fabric with two binding needles working alternately or synchronously, and optionally one or more auxiliary threads.

Ribbons are also known (Patents FR 989,631, FR 1,551,285, FR 2,296,042), in which the identical mesh selvedges are obtained by a weft on each side of the ribbon or even on one side only. Such ribbons do not have two symmetrical or non-symmetrical selvedges, with high productivity and economy of means.

The object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks.

The present invention as characterized in the claims solves the problem of creating by weaving on so-called "hook" or "sickle" looms, quality ribbons whose mesh edges, simple or worked, have a nice regular appearance, without abnormal pulling on the warp threads, nor curling of the edges.

According to one characteristic, a single weir (or hook or sickle) is used, which is moved transversely, driving each stroke and in both directions, a single frame which is made to work alternately with a movable needle along each edge.

According to another characteristic, a single framing device (or hook or sickle) is used, which is moved transversely, driving a single frame at each stroke and in both directions, and is driven periodically and alternately, by means of the weaving machine, beyond one edge or the other of the ply of warp threads, at least one warp thread not aligned inside the tread, we work alternately on one edge and on the other, the weft, and periodically the warp thread driven, with a needle moving along each selvedge, we release the warp thread pulled outside and linked to the selvedge, when we drive transversely in opposite direction, the weft and the frame.

According to another characteristic, the weft, and periodically the driven warp thread, is knitted directly and alternately in the hook of the needles which work along the selvedges.

According to another characteristic, at least one elastic or non-elastic filler wire is used on each selvedge, this wire being driven in relation to the weft thread and the warp thread drawn transversely.

These characteristics and others will emerge from the description which follows.

• La figure 1 est une vue en plan à caractère schématique, illustrant pour partie les principaux éléments d'un métier à tisser à crochet ou faucille, et particulièrement les moyens de ce métier se rapportant à l'invention.
• La figure 2 est une vue de côté considérée suivant la ligne 2-2 de la figure 1, montrant les principaux éléments du métier et notamment les moyens de commande des aiguilles.
• La figure 3 est une vue de côté considérée suivant la ligne 3-3 de la figure 1, montrant les moyens de commande du peigne et du trameur.
• La figure 4 est une vue en coupe transversale considérée suivant la ligne 4-4 de la figure 1, illustrant notamment la commande terminale de l'aiguille située en bordure de la lisière de droite du ruban.
• La figure 5 est une vue en coupe transversale considérée suivant la ligne 5-5 de la figure 1, illustrant notamment la commande terminale de l'aiguille située en bordure de la lisière de gauche du ruban.
• La figure 6 est une vue en perspective montrant le trameur selon l'invention, dans une forme de réalisation non limitative.
• La figure 7 est une vue de côté partielle du trameur, considérée suivant la flèche F1 de la figure 6, montrant les moyens d'accrochage périodique des fils de chaîne.
• La figure 8 est une vue en plan partielle illustrant la formation de la lisière de gauche du ruban avec entraînement d'un fil de chaîne par le trameur et fil d'apport en bordure.
• La figure 9 est une vue de côté correspondante, suivant la flèche F2 de la figure 8.
• La figure 10 est une vue en plan partielle illustrant la formation de la lisière de droite du ruban avec entraînement d'un fil de chaîne par le trameur et fil d'apport en bordure.
• La figure 11 est une vue de côté correspondante, suivant la flèche F3 de la figure 10.
• La figure 12 est une vue en plan partielle et à plus grande échelle, illustrant l'entraînement d'un fil de chaîne par le trameur, lorsque celui-ci est sensiblement en fin de course aller.
• La figure 13 est une vue correspondant à la figure 12, dans la phase suivante de retour du trameur et maillage de la lisière de gauche, avec fil d'apport en bordure.
• La figure 14 est une vue en plan partielle et à plus grande échelle, illustrant l'entraînement d'un fil de chaîne par le trameur lorsque celui-ci est dans sa course aller.
• La figure 15 est une vue correspondant à la figure 14, dans la phase suivante de retour du trameur et maillage de la lisière de droite, avec fil d'apport en bordure.

To fix the subject of the invention, without however limiting it, to the figures of the appended drawings:

• Figure 1 is a schematic plan view, illus trant in part the main elements of a hook or sickle loom, and particularly the means of this loom relating to the invention.
• Figure 2 is a side view taken along line 2-2 of Figure 1, showing the main elements of the trade and in particular the needle control means.
• Figure 3 is a side view taken along line 3-3 of Figure 1, showing the control means of the comb and the screen.
• Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 4-4 of Figure 1, illustrating in particular the terminal control of the needle located at the edge of the right edge of the ribbon.
• Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 5-5 of Figure 1, illustrating in particular the terminal control of the needle located at the edge of the left edge of the ribbon.
• Figure 6 is a perspective view showing the framing machine according to the invention, in a non-limiting embodiment.
• Figure 7 is a partial side view of the tram, seen along arrow F1 of Figure 6, showing the means for periodically hooking the warp son.
• Figure 8 is a partial plan view illustrating the formation of the left edge of the ribbon with entrainment of a warp yarn by the weigher and filler wire at the edge.
• FIG. 9 is a corresponding side view, along arrow F2 in FIG. 8.
• Figure 10 is a partial plan view illustrating the formation of the right edge of the ribbon with entrainment of a warp yarn by the weft and filler wire at the edge.
• FIG. 11 is a corresponding side view, along arrow F3 in FIG. 10.
• Figure 12 is a partial plan view and on a larger scale, illustrating the driving of a warp thread by the weft, when the latter is substantially at the end of the forward stroke.
• Figure 13 is a view corresponding to Figure 12, in the next phase of return of the tram and mesh of the edge on the left, with filler wire at the edge.
• Figure 14 is a partial plan view and on a larger scale, illustrating the driving of a warp thread by the weft when it is in its forward stroke.
• Figure 15 is a view corresponding to Figure 14, in the next phase of return of the tram and mesh of the right edge, with filler wire at the edge.

According to the present invention and in the nonlimiting example illustrated in the drawings, the weaving loom known as "hook" or "sickle" illustrated in Figures 1 to 5, essentially comprises a support frame 1 whose lateral sides 1a each carry a plate 2 intended to serve as a bearing for upper shafts 3 and 4. Optionally, depending on the width of the loom, intermediate bearings can be arranged, in order to avoid any bending.

As can be seen in particular in FIG. 2, on the shaft 3 is wedged at the end, the foot of a connecting rod 5 whose head is articulated on the crank pin 6a of an eccentric axis 6 carried by one of the plates 2. On said axis is also wedged a toothed wheel 7 or pulley, connected by chain 8 or belt, to another toothed wheel 9 wedged on another eccentric axis 10 carried by a lateral side of the frame, and whose crank pin 10a receives the head of 'Another connecting rod 11 wedged at the other end on a lower shaft 12 passing through the loom. The shafts 3 and 12 on the one hand, and the eccentric axes 6 and 10 on the other hand, constitute a deformable parallelogram, and it should be noted that the crankpins 6a - 10a are offset by 180 degrees with respect to each other to ensure alternating translations of the selvedge mesh needles, the detail of which is described below.

A drive shaft 13 transmits the rotation movement along arrow F1, to the eccentric axis 10, by means of a well-known kinematics, with, in an intermediate manner, at 14, also the conventional control of a gearbox cam (not shown) intended to move in alternative translations the threading frames 15 carrying the heddles of warp threads, according to the weaving phases.

It is understood that when the eccentric axis 10 rotates (arrow F1), it drives the toothed wheel 9, therefore the toothed wheel 7 and the eccentric axis 6, which forces the connecting rods 5 and 11 and the shafts 3 and 12 to oscillate (arrows F2). As can be seen in Figures 4 and 5, the shafts 3 and 12 transmit their oscillations F2 to connecting members with blocks 16 - 17 carrying the needles 18 - 19. For the sake of clarity, only the mechanisms have been illustrated control to produce a ribbon, it being understood that these mechanisms are multiplied if the profession has to manufacture several ribbons.

In detail, on the shaft 3 is wedged a rod 20, in two parts, the other end of which is articulated at 21 at the rear of the block 16, while another rod 22, in two parts, and wedged on the shaft 4 parallel to the shaft 3, is articulated at 23 at the front of the block 16. This deformable parallelogram construction, ensures alternative translations (arrow F3) of the block 16 carrying the needle 18 intended to mesh the right edge (Figure 4) of the ribbon R which runs between this needle and the needle 19 of the left edge mesh (Figure 5) whose carrier block 17 is connected to articulation, on the one hand to the rear at 24, to a link 25 wedged on the shaft 12, and on the other hand, at the front at 26, to a link 27 articulated on a support 28, in order to constitute another deformable parallelogram. Said support is carried by a rod 29 integral with a bracket 30, the sole 30a of which is fixed to the frame 1.

Due to the 180 degree offset of the crankpins 6a - 10a, it is understood that the needles 18 - 19 move alternately, that is to say that, when the needle 16 is in the maximum rear position (FIG. 4), the needle 19 is in the maximum front position (Figure 5), or vice versa (broken lines).

We also see in Figures 2 and 3 in particular, a drive shaft 31 transmitting by appropriate kinematics, its rotational movement (arrow F4) to a pulley 32 wedged on a shaft 33 carried by the frame, and on which a crankpin 34 controls two connecting rods 35 - 36 connected to articulation to connecting rods 37 - 38 wedged on shafts 39 - 40.

The shaft 40 crosses the loom and carries a comb 41 (as many combs as there are ribbons to be produced) for sorting and packing the weft threads, while the shaft 39 carries a toothed sector 42 cooperating with a pinion 43 wedged at the end of an axis 44 carried by the bracket 30 (Figures 4 and 5).

On the axis 44 is stalled the walker or sickle 45, it being understood that there are also as many walkers and members for their control (pinions 43, toothed sector 42), as there are ribbons to be produced.

The single screen 45, more particularly illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, comprises a pivot 45a of angular connection with the axis 44, a spacer arm 45b at the end of which extend along curves approximately superimposed around the pivot, two branches 45c - 45d. The upper branch 45c has, at the free end, an eyelet 45e for passing the weft thread, and between the arm 45b and said end, the branch 45c carries below (on the side of the lower branch), a projection 45f directly formed or attached, and suitably oriented to retain and drive under the operating conditions described below, a warp thread. The lower branch 45d, longer than the branch 45c, has at the end a projection 45g similar to the projection 45f, but located above (on the side of the upper branch) and also intended to periodically retain and drive a warp yarn.

With particular reference to FIGS. 8 to 15, the method of manufacturing a ribbon R with two mesh edges, symmetrical or not, is described with the means described above.

In what follows, the formation of right and left selvedges is described with a filler wire A1 - A2 making it possible to regularize the scalloped selvedges, it being understood that these selvedges can be produced without filler wire.

These right and left filler wires (illustrated in broken lines in the figures), may be elastic wires or not, or constituted by at least one elastic strand and at least one non-elastic strand assembled by covering, in particular elastic wire or strand wrapped with non-elastic thread or strand.

The warp threads A3, elastic or not, cut by donor systems, are conventionally divided into two layers N1 - N2 (Figures 9 and 11), by means of the heddles of the threading frames 15 and guided in the comb 41 , while an A4 weft thread located at the edge of the comb (to its right), is connected to the eyelet 45e of the single screen 45.

The filler wires A1 - A2 are also located to the right and left of the comb and pass through the eyelets 46a - 47a of levers 46 - 47 articulated on each side of the ribbon, substantially in front of the bar 48 bearing on the woven ribbon, ie approximately at the hooks of the needles 18 - -19 when they are in the maximum front position (Figures 9 and 11).

During a certain number of weft strokes, depending on the type of festoon to be produced, the ribbon is woven in a conventional manner, that is to say by knitting or knotting the filler wires Al - A2 if necessary , with the weft A4, on each side of the ribbon, in combination with the crossover of the plies N1 - N2 of warp thread A3 and with the needles 18 - 19.

After this chosen number of weft strokes, one of the warp threads located near the left border (the second in the example illustrated in FIGS. 12 and 13), is kept sensi completely in the middle of the gait by controlling its threading frame (between the two layers N1 - N2), to be hooked and driven by the projection 45f located under the branch 45c of the tramway 45 moved according to arrow F5 (FIG. 12) , so that the warp thread A5 follows the same path as the weft A4 and participates in the mesh or knotting at the edge, in relation to the filler wire A1 brought by the lever 46, the weft A4 and the needle 19 previously in the maximum position at the front, then turning back (arrow F6), this when the weaving machine 45 returns to the right of the ribbon (arrow F6), releasing the warp thread A5 (FIG. 13).

It is understood that thus, the warp thread A5 which has been pulled beyond the edge, when it is released by the weigher, resumes by elasticity, substantially its initial position by pulling the warp thread (s) A3 located between it and the border, which causes at this location E (Figure 13), a withdrawal of the tape relative to the border. This shrinkage is all the more important as the number of warp threads A3 located between the thread A5 and the edge, or the distance between the edge and said thread A5, is important, which gives the depth of the festoon.

The festoon on the right edge can be made in the same weft stroke or after a certain number of weft strokes, in the same way as for the left edge.

In fact, when the framing machine returns to the right of the ribbon (arrow F7, FIGS. 10 and 14), a warp thread A6 (the second in the example illustrated), is held substantially in the middle of the gait to be hooked and driven by the projection 45g of the branch 45d of the tramway, following the weft thread A4. The needle 18 being in the maximum front position, then returning back (arrow F8), and the filler wire A2 being brought by its lever 47, at the level of the weft and the warp thread A6 released by the weft feeder returning to the left side of the ribbon (arrow F9), the mesh operates in the same way as for the left festoon (Figures 10, 14 and 15), and the loose chain thread A6 forms the bottom of the festoon by pulling the threads A3 chain located between it and the border.

Of course, the two selvedges can be identical or worked differently, for example, the scallops can be equal in size and in appearance, or different in appearance, whether or not there is a filler wire, or by the distance between the edge of the ribbon and the warp thread driven by the weft, or the number of warp threads located between the edge and the wire driven by the weft.

Note that the drive points (projections 45f - 45g) of the warp threads A5 - A6, are determined on the branches of the tramway, as a function of its axis of rotation lateral to the ribbon, which means that the lower branch has to be extended, so that the warp threads A5 - A6 are not excessively dragged beyond the edge, which would bring risks of breakage or permanent deformation of said threads, but also to pull said warp threads sufficiently outside the ribbon, according to its width.

We underline the importance and the interest of the combination: a single weft, a single weft thread and two needles.

As a result, the means are simple in their design, assembly and operation. The manufacturing / more economical and the products have an attractive cost price. The use of the two needles prevents slipping and tightening of the warp threads which are near the selvedges, by a frictional effect of the weft during the recalling of the weigher. The needle connecting on each side the weft and the selvedge, we avoid a bad presentation due to irregular edges.

Claims (7)

1. Method and means for manufacturing an elastic ribbon or not, with two mesh selvedges, executed on a weaving loom known as "with hooks" or "with sickles", using a single weft (or hook or sickle), characterized in that that we move the screen (45) transversely by driving each stroke and in both directions, a single frame (A4), and driving periodically and alternately by means of the screen (45), beyond an edge or the other of the ply of warp threads (A3), at least one warp thread (A5) not aligned inside the tread, we work alternately on a selvedge and on the other, the weft ( A4), and periodically the driven warp thread (A5), with a movable needle (19) along each selvedge, we release the warp thread (A5) drawn outside and linked to the selvedge when we drive -transversely in opposite direction the screen (45) and the frame (A4). 2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the weft (A4) is knitted directly and alternately, and periodically the driven warp thread (A5), in the hook of the needles (18 - 19) which work along selvedges. 3. Method and means according to 1 using at least one filler wire (A1 - A2), elastic or not on each edge, characterized in that this filler wire (A1 - A2) is driven in relation to the weft (A4) and the warp thread (A5) pulled transversely. 4. Means according to 1, 2 and 3 together, characterized Jen that the single screen (45) is arranged with two branches (45c - 45d) of unequal lengths, a shorter branch (45c) being arranged at its end to drive the weft (A4) and with a transverse drive means (45f) in one direction for at least one warp thread, the other branch, longer, having a transverse drive means (45g) in the other direction for at least one warp thread. 5. Means according to 1, 2, 3 together, comprising from an engine shaft (13) and appropriate kinematics, an axis eccentric (10) connected by connecting rod (11) to a control shaft (12) of the needle located at the edge of a selvedge of the ribbon and carried by a block connected to said shaft (12) by a deformable parallelogram system, characterized in that the second needle (18) located at the edge of the other edge of the ribbon, is controlled from the above-mentioned eccentric axis (10), by a gear transmission (7) - chain (8) or the like, and by a second eccentric axis (6) connected by connecting rod (5) to a control shaft (3) of the needle holder block, which is connected to said shaft and to a parallel shaft carried by elements of the frame, by connecting rods constituting another deformable parallelogram; the two crank pins (6a - 10a) of the eccentric axes (6 - 10) being offset by 180 degrees so that the needles have reverse alternative translations. 6. Method and means according to 1 and 3, characterized in that each of the filler wires (A1 - A2), consists of at least one elastic strand and at least one non-elastic strand, these strands being assembled by covering, in particular elastic wire or strand wrapped with a non-elastic wire or strand. 7. Tape with two simple or worked mesh edges, executed according to the method of claims 1, 2 and 3 together.

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