EP0031046B1 - Dispositif de commande et de surveillance d'appareils électriques à grande sécurité de données - Google Patents

Dispositif de commande et de surveillance d'appareils électriques à grande sécurité de données Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0031046B1
EP0031046B1 EP80107434A EP80107434A EP0031046B1 EP 0031046 B1 EP0031046 B1 EP 0031046B1 EP 80107434 A EP80107434 A EP 80107434A EP 80107434 A EP80107434 A EP 80107434A EP 0031046 B1 EP0031046 B1 EP 0031046B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
consumers
commands
control station
transmission
message
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP80107434A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0031046A3 (en
EP0031046A2 (fr
EP0031046B2 (fr
Inventor
Rainer Ing. Grad. Boschulte
Heinrich Dipl.-Ing. Köhnecke
Siegfried Ing. grad. Mücke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to AT80107434T priority Critical patent/ATE13164T1/de
Publication of EP0031046A2 publication Critical patent/EP0031046A2/fr
Publication of EP0031046A3 publication Critical patent/EP0031046A3/de
Publication of EP0031046B1 publication Critical patent/EP0031046B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0031046B2 publication Critical patent/EP0031046B2/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
    • G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
    • G08G1/097—Supervising of traffic control systems, e.g. by giving an alarm if two crossing streets have green light simultaneously
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L7/00—Remote control of local operating means for points, signals, or track-mounted scotch-blocks
    • B61L7/06—Remote control of local operating means for points, signals, or track-mounted scotch-blocks using electrical transmission
    • B61L7/08—Circuitry
    • B61L7/088—Common line wire control using series of coded pulses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61—RAILWAYS
    • B61L—GUIDING RAILWAY TRAFFIC; ENSURING THE SAFETY OF RAILWAY TRAFFIC
    • B61L7/00—Remote control of local operating means for points, signals, or track-mounted scotch-blocks
    • B61L7/06—Remote control of local operating means for points, signals, or track-mounted scotch-blocks using electrical transmission
    • B61L7/08—Circuitry
    • B61L7/10—Circuitry for light signals, e.g. for supervision, back-signalling
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B29/00—Checking or monitoring of signalling or alarm systems; Prevention or correction of operating errors, e.g. preventing unauthorised operation
    • G08B29/02—Monitoring continuously signalling or alarm systems
    • G08B29/04—Monitoring of the detection circuits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • For monitoring electrical consumers it is known to measure the current consumption of the consumers and to compare the measured values recorded with predetermined target values.
  • the monitoring process can be carried out continuously via dedicated lines, as is the case, for example, with the monitoring of traffic light systems in the railroad sector, or it can be carried out cyclically or sporadically in successive time intervals, which allow a sufficiently short error detection time to be achieved.
  • the time periods for the short-term reversal of the consumers are chosen so that the monitoring devices can respond to the determination of the respective consumer current, but the human eye cannot yet follow the switching on and off of the consumers in the reversing periods.
  • the known control and monitoring device makes an extraordinarily rapid fault detection possible in the event of a fault, even if only with a limited number of consumers to be monitored.
  • a message board is provided for the fault display, on which each detected fault can be optically located. This optical localization is the starting point for subsequent troubleshooting.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device according to the preamble of claim 1 which, despite the use of relatively unsafe switching elements, is sufficiently safe both in the control point and in the local operating points in the signaling sense.
  • the drawing shows in the left part the command transmitter KS and the message receiver ME of a control center, in the right part the command receiver KE and the message transmitter MS for several electrical consumers arranged spatially adjacent to one another at a certain operating location; the electrical consumers are symbolized by signal lamps L1 to L4.
  • the command transmitter KS and the message receiver ME of the control station are controlled, for. B. from a safe microcomputer, not shown, to whose data and address bus DB and AB, an input register ER for commands and an output register AR for messages are connected.
  • the input register ER of the command transmitter is addressed by the address bus AB of the computer; it takes the data from the data bus DB into the register.
  • This register can e.g. B.
  • the conversion of the bits stored in the register into a serial telegram is started.
  • the data are read out from the input register ER into a parallel / series converter PSK for the commands and fed from this to an encoder CK for the commands.
  • the pulse train supplied by the parallel / series converter PSK is converted into a form suitable for transmission. This happens e.g. B. in that the encoder CK converts the bits read from the parallel / series converter PSK depending on their respective binary state into a pulse train with an alternating pulse / pause ratio.
  • a counter ZS1 is connected to the output of the encoder CK; by counting the pulses emitted by the encoder, this counter is able to recognize the beginning and the end of a pulse telegram complete for the command. It blocks the encoder after a complete command telegram has been output and thus ensures that no further telegram can be output without new input information.
  • the commands are transmitted from the command transmitter to the message receiver via an optical fiber LWK for the commands.
  • the pulse trains emitted by the encoder CK with different pulse-pause ratios are converted into short light pulses with a corresponding pulse spacing in a transmission module SK and fed into the optical waveguide.
  • the light pulses received via the optical waveguide LWK are converted back into electrical pulses, the pulse pause ratio of which corresponds to the pulse pause ratio of the pulses emitted by the encoder CK to the transmitter module SK.
  • a downstream decoder DK for the commands converts the supplied pulse sequence back into the bit sequence taken from the parallel / series converter PSK with the associated binary status values "high” and “low” and leads it to a series / parallel converter SPK for the commands to.
  • a counter ZE1 assigned to the message receiver ME delivers a transfer pulse to an output register AS connected downstream of the series / parallel converter SPK, which then takes over the bit sequence stored in the series / parallel converter SPK and provides for the execution of the command.
  • each bit of the bit sequence transmitted via the optical waveguide LWK is assigned to a specific consumer of the operating location and that the respective binary signal state of this bit identifies the respective desired operating state of the associated consumer.
  • switches T1 to T4 are connected to the outputs of the output register AS and are used to switch the consumers L1 to L4 on and off.
  • the respective switching state of the consumers L1 to L4 is determined by monitors U1 to U4 connected directly or indirectly to their current path and is sent to a message transmitter MS for issuing status messages.
  • the monitors are advantageously designed as threshold switches that respond to an inadmissibly low and an inadmissibly high consumer current and output a status message for the relevant consumer that is different from the status message that is output when the consumer current is correct.
  • the status messages of the monitors U1 to U4 are fed as a bit pattern to a parallel / series converter PSM for the messages.
  • This parallel / series converter outputs at its output a pulse train to an encoder CM for the messages which, when all the consumers in the operating location are in the correct operating state, with the exception of a few test bits and a monitoring bit for the switching element of the PSK parallel / series converter of the command transmitter KS corresponds to the pulse sequence forwarded to the encoder CK there.
  • the encoder CM for the messages has the same structure as the encoder CK for the commands.
  • a counter ZS2 connected to the output of the encoder CM responds as soon as the encoder CM has forwarded a complete message telegram to a transmission module SM connected downstream of it and then blocks the output of further signals by applying blocking potential until commands are received again by the command receiver.
  • the switching means for synchronizing command reception and message delivery are not shown in the drawing because they have nothing to do with the essentials of the invention.
  • the synchronization is carried out by recovering the constant switching frequency for the parallel / series converter PSK selected on the transmission side from the clock pulse sequence of the commands received via the fiber optic cable LWK with a different pulse / pause ratio.
  • the pulse sequence supplied by the encoder CM of the message transmitter is converted in a transmission module SM into short light pulses with a corresponding pulse spacing and transmitted via an optical fiber LWM for the status messages to the message receiver ME of the control center.
  • a signaling module EM is connected to the optical waveguide LWM, which receives the received signal in accordance with the receiver module EK of the command receiver
  • Light pulses are converted into electrical pulses with different pulse spacing.
  • a downstream decoder DM for the messages converts these pulses into corresponding binary signals with the signal states "high” and "low”.
  • the bit pattern emitted by the decoder DM reaches a series / parallel converter SPM for the messages and is temporarily stored there.
  • a ZE2 counter connected to the output of the receiver module EM, which counts the incoming pulses, responds after receipt of a complete pulse telegram and emits at its output a takeover pulse for the output register AR, which then stores the bit sequence stored in the series / parallel converter SPM takes over.
  • the received data on the data bus are called up as required from the output register AR.
  • the correct execution of the commands can be determined by comparing the data stored in the output register AR with the sent commands.
  • the commands sent are to be stored in temporary memories (not shown) until the corresponding feedback has been received.
  • the transmission path from the control center to the consumers and back and the functional behavior of the consumers can be monitored.
  • the control unit In order to achieve the required security in the control and monitoring of the consumers, it is not only necessary to recognize any malfunctions or any misconduct on the part of the consumer, but it must also be possible for the control unit to target the consumers in the event of a malfunction individual locations. This can e.g. B. happen by switching off some or all consumers at the individual operating locations.
  • a switching element R which can be acted upon by certain control commands from the control point is provided at each operating location and is effective when the control commands are not present for a specified period of time. It then permanently switches off those consumers of the operating location in question according to a predetermined switching routine, the current-carrying state of which could represent a hazard. In addition, the switching element switches on a consumer, the current-carrying state of which signals a moment of danger and which thus leads to relaxation of the dangerous situation at the operating location.
  • control commands to act on the switching element are formed by cyclically changing reversing commands.
  • the time between two successive control commands is determined by the permissible error disclosure time, which in turn determines the time interval for the treatment of the consumers of an operating location by the secure microcomputer of the control center. If the rerouting commands are omitted, for example as a result of a transmission disturbance or if they are deliberately suppressed by the control unit, the switching element acts on the consumers of the operating location concerned in accordance with the predetermined switching routine.
  • the respective switching state of the switching element can be recognized by corresponding status messages in the control unit, which triggers a fault signal in the absence of changing status messages in the successive transmission cycles.
  • the switching element R is symbolically indicated as a relay circuit and the switching means controlled by it as relay contacts R1 to R4.
  • the arrangement is such that the switch contacts assume the switch position shown as long as changeover signals for the switching element are received from transmission cycle to transmission cycle. If these control commands fail, the switch contacts R1 to R4 change their position.
  • consumers L1 and L2 are switched off by opening switch contacts R1 and R2; at the same time, the consumers L3 and L4 are connected to voltage via the contacts R3 and R4, regardless of whether the switches T3 and T4 are closed or not.
  • the switching element can also be designed in a different technology than in relay technology; Accordingly, other appropriate switching means are then to be used instead of the switching contacts shown.
  • the consumers are designed as signal lamps of a light signal.
  • the lamps L3 and L4 should be assigned to the handle of the signal;
  • the lamps L1 and L2 stand for a large number of signal lamps for representing driving terms.
  • the switching element can become effective and thus the switching of the switching means controlled by it can be brought into effect by deliberately suppressing the reversal commands for the switching element located in the faulty consumers. For example, if for some reason a traffic signal is incorrectly displayed on a light signal, although this should not be the case, this can be seen in the control center by comparing the commands that no longer correspond to one another with the retransmitted messages. Secure access to the switching element switches off the incorrectly switched-on signal term and switches on the STOP word that signals a danger. This process also takes place if the transmission path via the optical fiber or one or more of the elements of the command transmitter or the comm command receiver are defective.
  • the loads arranged at the associated operating location are controlled in accordance with the emergency or fault program previously defined for the operating location concerned, in a switching state which excludes a risk to persons or property through incorrectly transmitted or evaluated commands.
  • the retransmitted status messages can not only determine the correct operating state of the two lamp threads, but also also perform a function test of the lamp thread monitors for switching from main to secondary threads.
  • both threads will initially draw electricity; As soon as a lamp thread monitor switched into the current path of the main thread has responded, it switches off the secondary thread that was already switched on in the first test phase, the monitor switched into the current path of the secondary thread sending a corresponding status message to the control point.
  • the monitoring devices In order to check the functional behavior of the monitoring devices, they are first controlled into one and then into the other switching position by assigned commands, regardless of the switching state they assume.
  • the control of the monitoring devices is indicated in the drawing by dashed lines between the output register AS of the command receiver and the monitoring devices U1 to U4. From the status reports of the monitoring devices transmitted to the control unit during this test process, the correct or incorrect operating behavior of the monitoring devices including that of the switching element R can be recognized by comparing them with the target states of the monitoring devices specified by the control unit.
  • the illustrated embodiment relates to the application of the invention in a light signal system.
  • the invention can of course also be used advantageously in other telecontrol systems in which a safe access to the consumers is required in the event of a fault.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Security & Cryptography (AREA)
  • Selective Calling Equipment (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Road Signs Or Road Markings (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Remote Monitoring And Control Of Power-Distribution Networks (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Dispositif pour réaliser la commande et le contrôle sûrs, du point de vue de la technique des signaux, de plusieurs appareils d'utilisation électriques disposés au voisinage les uns des autres dans plusieurs emplacements de service, à partir d'un poste de commande, notamment pour la commande et le contrôle d'installations de signalisation lumineuse, alimentées sur des distances assez importantes, dans le domaine des chemins de fer, moyennant l'utilisation des moyens de commutation de préférence électroniques, permettant de comparer les informations d'état des appareils d'utilisation, transmises en retour par ces appareils au poste de commande, avec les ordres déclenchés dans ces appareils, caractérisé par le fait que le poste de commande transmet cycliquement les ordres élaborés, par l'intermédiaire d'une installation de télécommande, aux différents emplacements de service des appareils d'utilisation (L1 à L4), et qu'en chaque emplacement de service il est prévu un organe de commutation (R), qui peut être chargé par des ordres d'inversion de commande du poste de commande, variant d'un cycle de transmission au suivant, et qui, dans le cas de l'absence des ordres d'inversion de commande, sur plus de la durée prévue du cycle, branche ou débranche selon un programme de commande prédéterminé, les appareils d'utilisation (L1 à L4) de l'emplacement de service considéré, et que, lors de l'identification de perturbations de service déterminées, l'organe de commutation (R) peut être débranché sciemment à partir du poste de commande, par suppression des ordres d'inversion de commande.
2. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le programme de commutation prédéterminé inclut le débranchement de tous les appareils d'utilisation (L1, L2) de l'emplacement de service considéré, à l'exception des appareils d'utilisation (L3, L4), dont l'état sous tension signale un moment de danger.
3. Dispositif suivant la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que le programme de commutation prédéterminé inclut le raccordement des appareils d'utilisation (L3, L4), dont l'état sous tension signale un moment de danger.
4. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé par le fait que des dispositifs servant à inverser les données devant être délivrées et les données reçues sont prévus dans le poste de commande et aux emplacements de service, soit dans le canal de transfert d'ordres, soit dans le canal de signalisation de l'installation de télécommande.
5. Dispositif suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que pour la liaison du poste de commande avec les emplacements de service il est prévu respectivement un système de transmission qui est constitué par deux guides de lumière séparés (LWK, LWM), dont l'un (LWK) forme le canal de transfert d'ordres servant à la transmission d'ordres et dont l'autre (LWM) forme le canal de signalisation pour la retransmission de signalisations d'état.
6. Dispositif suivant l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait qu'aux emplacements de service se trouvent disposés, respectivement à proximité des appareils d'utilisation, des dispositifs de contrôle réalisés sous la forme de commutateurs à valeur de seuil, qui identifient un courant faible inadmissible et un courant élevé admissible dans l'appareil d'utilisation et délivrent pour l'appareil d'utilisation concerné, une signalisation d'état indiquant ce fait et qui est différente de la signalisation d'état délivrée dans le cas où le courant de l'appareil d'utilisation est correct.
7. Dispositif suivant les revendications 1 et 6, caractérisé par le fait que l'exploitation des signalisations d'état est autorisé dans le poste de commande uniquement dans le cas d'une association correcte dans le temps entre les signalisations d'état, transmises en retour, et les ordres.
8. Dispositif selon les revendications 1 et 5, caractérisé par le fait que la transmission des ordres et des signalisations est réalisée par l'intermédiaire des guides de lumière selon le fonctionnement en multiplexage temporel, au moins un bit de la suite d'impulsions transmise pendant un cycle de transmission étant associé à chaque appareil d'utilisation d'un emplacement de service.
9. Dispositif suivant la revendication'8, caractérisé par le fait qu'un convertisseur série/parallèle ainsi qu'un compteur (ZE1 ou ZE2) sont raccordés aux guides de lumières respectifs d'alimentation (LWK ou LWM) aussi bien dans le poste de commande qu'aux emplacements individuels de service, et qu'après la réception d'un nombre d'impulsions devant être délivrées pour chaque cycle de transmissions, le compteur ZE1 ou ZE2) délivre une impulsion de sortie servant au transfert de la suite binaire, qui est présente dans le convertisseur série/parallèle associé (SCK ou SPM), à un registre de sortie (AS ou AR).
10. Dispositif suivant la revendication 8, caractérisé par le fait qu'il est prévu un compteur (ZS1 ou ZS2), raccordé au canal d'émission considéré, aussi bien dans le poste de commande qu'au niveau des différents emplacements de service, et qu'après réception d'un nombre d'impulsions devant être délivrées pour chaque cycle de transmission, le compteur délivre une impulsion de sortie utilisée pour la transmission de l'interruption de l'information par l'intermédiaire du guide de lumière considéré (LWK ou LWM), jusqu'à l'apparition d'un nouvel ordre ou d'une nouvelle signalisation.
EP80107434A 1979-12-21 1980-11-27 Dispositif de commande et de surveillance d'appareils électriques à grande sécurité de données Expired - Lifetime EP0031046B2 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80107434T ATE13164T1 (de) 1979-12-21 1980-11-27 Einrichtung zur signaltechnisch sicheren steuerung und ueberwachung von elektrischen verbrauchern.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2951932 1979-12-21
DE2951932A DE2951932C2 (de) 1979-12-21 1979-12-21 Einrichtung zur signaltechnisch sicheren Steuerung und Überwachung

Publications (4)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0031046A2 EP0031046A2 (fr) 1981-07-01
EP0031046A3 EP0031046A3 (en) 1982-08-11
EP0031046B1 true EP0031046B1 (fr) 1985-05-08
EP0031046B2 EP0031046B2 (fr) 1990-06-27

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ID=6089365

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80107434A Expired - Lifetime EP0031046B2 (fr) 1979-12-21 1980-11-27 Dispositif de commande et de surveillance d'appareils électriques à grande sécurité de données

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US4356485A (fr)
EP (1) EP0031046B2 (fr)
AT (1) ATE13164T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE2951932C2 (fr)
ZA (1) ZA807974B (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4356485A (en) 1982-10-26
EP0031046A3 (en) 1982-08-11
ATE13164T1 (de) 1985-05-15
EP0031046A2 (fr) 1981-07-01
ZA807974B (en) 1982-01-27
DE3070628D1 (en) 1985-06-13
DE2951932C2 (de) 1983-08-18
DE2951932A1 (de) 1981-07-02
EP0031046B2 (fr) 1990-06-27

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