EP0017606B1 - Procédé de fabrication de grilles plates et rectangulaires en fonte, moule et dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé et produit de fonderie fabriqué selon ce procédé - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de grilles plates et rectangulaires en fonte, moule et dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé et produit de fonderie fabriqué selon ce procédé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0017606B1
EP0017606B1 EP80710007A EP80710007A EP0017606B1 EP 0017606 B1 EP0017606 B1 EP 0017606B1 EP 80710007 A EP80710007 A EP 80710007A EP 80710007 A EP80710007 A EP 80710007A EP 0017606 B1 EP0017606 B1 EP 0017606B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
longitudinal
mould
fact
cast iron
plate
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Expired
Application number
EP80710007A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0017606A1 (fr
Inventor
Franz Bartscher
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Individual
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Priority to AT80710007T priority Critical patent/ATE1571T1/de
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D35/00—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds
    • B22D35/02—Equipment for conveying molten metal into beds or moulds into beds

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a casting process for the production of flat rectangular cast iron grating cover gratings, consisting of longitudinal slots between longitudinal ribs which are left free and which are connected to one another by transverse ribs running at an angle to these.
  • Such grating cover gratings can be found, among other things. Use for covering channels or depressions in cattle stalls set up for flushing manure: however, their usability is not limited to these.
  • Grid cover gratings of this type are often also made in welded construction, white! the usual sand mold casting process is technically very complex. and because, above all, there are relatively high costs for cleaning the finished castings. These expenditures for casting cleaning are indeed acceptable for high-quality machine casting. but not for foundry products of this type for subordinate purposes without higher accuracy requirements.
  • the cast grating cover grids can not be used without this post-processing, because the risk of injury to the cattle with its claws on edge and ridge formation in the surface area of the grids and also in the edge area to the longitudinal slots must be avoided.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of providing a casting method which avoids the occurrence of a pouring burr in the inner surface region of the longitudinal slots and also in the region of the transition from the longitudinal slots to the tread surfaces and causes an automatic formation of rounding radii in this region.
  • the invention relates to a casting process for the production of flat rectangular cast-iron grating cover gratings, consisting of longitudinal slots between free longitudinal ribs which are connected to one another by transverse ribs running at an angle thereto, which is characterized by the use of a horizontally oriented open mold which is filled from a pouring system with a manually or automatically metered amount of melt only up to a height between 2 and 4 mm below the mold surface.
  • the casting of the cast iron melt takes place in one or more pouring jets in the region of one or more nodes of longitudinal and transverse ribs in the open casting mold in a volume quantity coordinated with the viscosity of the melt per unit time in such a way that, under the influence of the hydro-dynamic pressure that occurs, the cast material spreads in the longitudinally and transversely extending depressions of the casting mold with sufficient speed that these are filled to the intended level, which is limited by volume metering, which is determined by avoiding burr formation by an amount below the horizontal, flat mold surface.
  • the new method brings with it the advantages already mentioned that, due to the lack of a pouring burr and because of the automatic formation of rounding radii in the transition area between the tread surfaces and the longitudinal slots, the casting cleaning work is almost completely eliminated; In addition, it has been shown that, due to the relatively high rate of spreading of the melt, due to the hydro-dynamic pressure which is set up, it is also possible to produce smoother surfaces than are usually considered to be achievable in sand molded articles for such uses.
  • the grille cover gratings produced using this method have treads on the longitudinal and transverse ribs. whose profile is slightly curved upwards.
  • such an upwardly convex or lenticular configuration of the cross section of the longitudinal and transverse ribs is not desirable. Rather, it can also be expedient to achieve flattening of these surfaces.
  • the additional invention is characterized by the use of a horizontally oriented open casting mold which is covered by a likewise horizontally oriented flat plate made of a ceramic material, the amount of melt poured into the casting mold being metered in such a way that the convex and lenticular forms flats caused by the surface tension of the melting material in the depressions of the casting mold corresponding to the longitudinal and transverse ribs are flattened in such a way that the flattening is approximately half to two thirds of the rib width. In this way, the formation of flat surface sections of the longitudinal and transverse ribs is achieved. In this procedure according to the invention, profile roundings with rounding radii between 2 mm and 4 mm are obtained in the two flattening sections.
  • a small gap can be kept open between the surface of the casting mold and the lower surface of the plate made of ceramic material, the amount of melt being metered in such a way that no melt material penetrates into the gap which is kept open.
  • the gap allows the air to escape from the mold and results in less flattening of the surface.
  • a procedure is preferably selected in which the lower surface of the plate made of ceramic material is brought into direct contact with the surface of the casting mold, and wherein ventilation holes are made in the plate made of the ceramic material.
  • This method of working also allows the width of the flats of the longitudinal and transverse ribs to be selected to be different in size; this only depends on the dosage of the amount of melt supplied.
  • a further essential feature of the invention relates to the open casting mold made from a blackened or finished, horizontally oriented mold for carrying out the method.
  • a pouring system located on a grate side, consisting of a barrel and several cutouts, and by a metal catch system provided on the grate side opposite the pouring system, against which the molding space is blocked off by an overflow weir, the overflow edge of which is 4 to 2 mm is below the mold surface.
  • Another object of the invention is a device for performing the method, which consists in that the casting mold is placed on a liftable and lowerable plate and is pressed by means of this during the casting process against the lower surface of the stationary plate made of the ceramic material.
  • this device arrangement it is only necessary to align the plate made of the ceramic material in a stationary and horizontally rigid manner, while the casting mold pressed from below against the lower surface of this plate aligns itself automatically in accordance with the stationary and rigidly arranged plate made of the ceramic material.
  • both a directly contacting contact pressure on the surface of the casting mold can be achieved, and the keeping of a small or larger gap can be achieved by attaching appropriate spacers.
  • FIG. 1 Further device features of the invention consist in the fact that pressure-driven piston-cylinder units are used to press the liftable and lowerable plate with the casting mold.
  • An additional advantageous arrangement for carrying out the method according to the invention further consists in that the liftable and lowerable plate is designed as a pallet carriage movable on a railroad and by means of pressure-medium driven piston-cylinder units arranged on the casting station from below to the stationary and horizontally oriented Plate made of the ceramic material can be pressed.
  • the further invention relates to the foundry product in the form of a rectangular grille cover grate, consisting of longitudinal slots between the longitudinal ribs left free, which are connected to one another by transverse ribs running at an angle to them, produced by the casting process according to the invention, which is advantageously for casting technology as well as for technical reasons is designed such that the longitudinal ribs have a cross-sectional configuration approximating the drop shape.
  • the longitudinal ribs can also have a cross-sectional configuration approximating an isosceles triangle, the size ratio of the base to the height of the isosceles triangle being approximately 6: 7 or 6: 8.
  • the grating cover grids for cattle stalls are generally the more teardrop-shaped rib cross-sections for pigsties and the more triangular ones for cattle stalls Cross sections considered.
  • the teardrop-shaped cross-section of the longitudinal ribs below the side surfaces or its greatest width have a constriction, which continues in the form of a slightly tapered rib section. This improves the section modulus and at the same time limits the weight gain while maintaining the required tread area.
  • the area of the teardrop cross section of the longitudinal ribs between its greatest width or the side surfaces and the constriction on both sides has burr-free, approximately flat, slightly tapering surfaces.
  • the risk of injury to the hooves of animals is further reduced if the roundings in the transition area between the tread and side surfaces of the longitudinal and transverse ribs have a radius of curvature of 2 to 4 mm.
  • a modified embodiment of the grating cover grate differs from this in that the longitudinal and transverse ribs have flat flats as tread surfaces, the width of which is approximately half to two thirds of the rib width.
  • the lattice grating shown in Fig. 1 has five fields, which are formed from longitudinal ribs 2 and are divided by the transverse ribs 3 against each other, while the end fields of the end ribs 1 are limited.
  • grating cover gratings of the type according to the invention can also have between two and four or more than five such fields formed by longitudinal ribs 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows a cross section through three longitudinal ribs 2 which have a cross section approximating the drop shape.
  • the size ratio of base to height behaves approximately like 1: 2 to 1.2: 2 and the base corresponds to the area of greatest width between the side surfaces 6.
  • a special feature of this cross section of the longitudinal rib 2 according to the invention, approximating the drop shape, according to FIG. Fig. 2 is that this has a constriction 5 below the side surfaces 6 or its greatest width, which continues downwards in the form of a slightly tapered rib section 4.
  • a high section modulus is achieved by the downward-facing rib section, without having to accept an excessively large cross-sectional area and thus a greater weight of the entire covering grille in the required width of the tread surface.
  • the tread surface 7 has a profile that is slightly curved upwards in the area of the height h, and in the transition area between the tread surface 7 and the side surfaces 6 there are roundings R which have a radius of curvature between 2 and 4 mm .
  • a grating cover grate is shown in plan view, which has only three fields, which are formed by longitudinal ribs 2 and divided by the two transverse ribs 3 against each other and delimited by the end ribs 1. From Fig. 5 it can be seen that the longitudinal ribs 2 of this grating have a cross-sectional configuration approximating an isosceles triangle, the size ratio of the base to the height of the isosceles triangle being approximately 6: 7 or 7: 8. In this profile, too, there is a constriction 5 below the side faces 6 or its greatest width, which extends downwards in the form of an isosceles triangle 4a.
  • the tread surface 7 has a profile which is slightly curved upwards in the area of the height h, and in the transition region between the tread surface 7 and the side surfaces 6 there are roundings R which have a radius of curvature between 2 and 4 mm.
  • FIG. 6 shows the arrangement as it appears after the pallet truck 15 is brought up. With 20 and 21, the pressure medium driven piston-cylinder units are designated. As can be seen from FIG. 6, the latter pushes the pallet carriage upwards until the surface 18 of the casting mold 10 comes into contact with the lower surface 17 of the plate 11. Then you can start pouring.
  • the depression 19 of the casting mold 10 is filled only to such an extent that instead of the lenticular elevation 22 below the lower surface 17 of the ceramic plate 11, a flattening 23 is formed, which is delimited on both sides by the roundings 24, these Merge curves into the side surfaces 25 of the ribs.
  • a narrower or wider flattening 23 can be achieved by different dosing of the amount of melt poured off.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Sewage (AREA)
  • Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
  • Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
  • Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
  • Golf Clubs (AREA)
  • Refinement Of Pig-Iron, Manufacture Of Cast Iron, And Steel Manufacture Other Than In Revolving Furnaces (AREA)
  • Cathode-Ray Tubes And Fluorescent Screens For Display (AREA)
  • Cylinder Crankcases Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Casting Devices For Molds (AREA)

Claims (15)

1. Procédé pour la fabrication de plaques à grilles planes rectangulaires en fonte de fer, consistant en fentes oblongues entre des nervures en long (2) et qui sont reliées dans un angle par des nervures transversales (3), caractérisé par l'utilisation d'un moule ouvert (10), horizontalement ajusté, et qui est rempli seulement jusqu'à un niveau entre 4 et 2 mm en dessous de la surface du moule par un système de coulée et une quantité de fonte réglée soit manuellement soit automatiquement.
2. Procédé pour la fabrication de plaques à grilles planes rectangulaires en fonte de fer, consistant en fentes oblongues entre des nervures en long (2) et qui sont reliées dans un angle par des nervures transversales (3), caractérisé par l'utilisation d'un moule ouvert (10), horizontalement ajusté, couvert par une croûte (11) plane, en matière céramique et également horizontalement ajustée, tout en dosant la quantité de fonte versée dans le moule (10) de façon à ce que les exhaussements (22) se formant de manière convexe et lenticulaire, dû à la tension superficielle de la fonte, soient aplatis dans les creux (19) correspondants aux nervures transversales et en long du moule (10), de façon à ce que l'aplatissement (23) soit situé à peu près entre la moitié à deux tiers de la largeur des nervures.
3. Procédé selon spécification 2, caractérisé par le fait qu'une petite fente est maintenue entre la surface (18) du moule (10) et l'intrados (17) de la croûte (11) en matière céramique, en dosant la quantité de fonte de manière à ce que rien ne puisse couler dans la fente.
4. Procédé selon spécification 2, caractérisé par le fait que l'intrados (17) de la croûte (11) en matière céramique soit directement mis en contact avec la surface (18) du moule (10) et que la croûte (11) en matière céramique ait des trous d'aération.
5. Moule pour la réalisation du procédé selon spécification 1. consistant en un moule (10) ouvert, noirci ou aplani, horizontalement disposé, caractérisé par un système de coulée situe d'un côté de la grille, consistant en une volée et plusieurs attaches, et par un système prévu pour recueillir l'excès de métal du côté opposé vers lequel l'intérieur du moule est fermé par un déversoir de superficie, dont le bord-déversoir se trouve en dessous de 4 à 2 mm de la superficie du moule.
6. Dispositif pour la réalisation du procédé selon les spécifications 2 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que le moule (10) est placé sur une croûte (14) pouvant être levée et baissée et étant, par cette dernière, pressé contre l'intrados (17) de la croûte (11) fixe en matière céramique pendant la durée du coulage.
7. Dispositif selon spécification 6, caractérisé par le fait que des unités de pistons et cylindres (20, 21) commandées par pression servent à presser !a croûte (14) contre le moule (10).
8. Dispositif selon spécification 6, caractérisé par le fait que la croûte (14) pouvant être levée et baissée fait figure de chariot à palette (15) pouvant rouler sur chemin à rails (16) et pouvant être pressée par en dessous contre la croûte (14) fixe en matière céramique au moyen d'unités de pistons et cylindres (20, 21) commandés par pression.
9. Pièce de fonderie en forme d'une plaque à grilles rectangulaire, consistant en fentes oblongues entre des nervures en long (2) et qui sont reliées dans un angle par des nervures transversales (3), fabriquée selon le procédé de coulage et la spécification du brevet 1 et/ou de l'un ou de plusieurs des spécifications 2 à 4, caractérisé par le fait que la section transversale des nervures en long (2) représente une forme à peu près ovoïde.
10. Pièce de fonderie selon spécification 9, caractérisé par le fait que la section transversale des nervures en long (2) représente à peu près un triangle isocèle, les proportions - base : hauteur du triangle isocèle - étant dans un rapport comme 6 : 7 ou 6 : 8.
11. Pièce de fonderie selon spécification 9, caractérisée par le fait que la section transversale de forme ovoïde des nervures en long (2) en dessous des côtés (6) de sa plus grande largeur représente un rétrécissement (5) qui se poursuit en forme de nervure (4) légèrement conique.
12. Pièce de fonderie selon spécification 9. caractérisée par le fait que la section transversale de forme ovoïde des nervures en long (2) démontre entre sa plus grande largeur, c'est-à-dire les côtés (6) et le rétrécissement (5), des deux côtés, des surfaces sans ébarbure, pour-ainsi-dire planes et légèrement coniques.
13. Pièce de fonderie selon les spécifications 9 à 12, caractérisée par le fait que les surfaces du giron (7) des nervures en long (2) et transversales (1, 3) démontrent un profil légèrement convexe.
14. Pièce de fonderie selon les spécifications de 9 à 12, caractérisée par le fait que les nervures en long et transversales (1, 3) démontrent des aplatissements (23) comme surfaces de giron, dont la largeur est environ la moitié à deux tiers de celle des nervures.
15. Pièce de fonderie selon une ou plusieurs des spécifications de 9 à 13, caractérisée par le fait que dans la zone entre les côtés et les surfaces du giron (6, 7) des nervures en long et transversales (2, 3), les arrondis démontrent un rayon de 2 mm à 4 mm.
EP80710007A 1979-03-19 1980-03-17 Procédé de fabrication de grilles plates et rectangulaires en fonte, moule et dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé et produit de fonderie fabriqué selon ce procédé Expired EP0017606B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80710007T ATE1571T1 (de) 1979-03-19 1980-03-17 Verfahren zum herstellen von ebenen rechteckigen gusseisernen gitter-abdeckrosten, giessform und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens und nach dem verfahren hergestelltes giessereierzeugnis.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE2910772A DE2910772C2 (de) 1979-03-19 1979-03-19 Verfahren zum Herstellen von ebenen rechteckigen gußeisernen Gitter-Abdeckrosten, Gießform zur Durchführung des Verfahrens und nach dem Verfahren hergestelltes Gießereierzeugnis
DE2910772 1979-03-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0017606A1 EP0017606A1 (fr) 1980-10-15
EP0017606B1 true EP0017606B1 (fr) 1982-09-22

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EP80710007A Expired EP0017606B1 (fr) 1979-03-19 1980-03-17 Procédé de fabrication de grilles plates et rectangulaires en fonte, moule et dispositif de mise en oeuvre du procédé et produit de fonderie fabriqué selon ce procédé

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0017606B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE1571T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE2910772C2 (fr)
DK (1) DK116080A (fr)
ES (1) ES8205605A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI800813A (fr)

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2899727A (en) * 1959-08-18 Molded structures and method for forming same
DE7414854U (de) * 1974-07-25 Guss Und Armaturwerk Kaiserslautern Einlaufrost, vorzugsweise aus Gußeisen, für de Schwemmentmistung von Viehställen
DE1195458B (de) * 1958-05-24 1965-06-24 Bergische Eisen Und Tempergies In Beton einzubettender Gitterrost als Belagelement
DE1758848C3 (de) * 1968-08-20 1973-11-15 Metallwerk Boxdorf Gmbh, 8501 Boxdorf Verfahren zum Erzeugen eines gleichmäßig ausgebildeten Erstarrungs reliefs auf einer Gußoberflache und Vor richtung zur Durchfuhrung des Verfahrens
DE7723636U1 (de) * 1977-07-26 1977-11-03 Guss- Und Armaturwerk Kaiserslautern Nachf. Karl Billand, 6750 Kaiserslautern Mit durchfallschlitzen ausgestatteter abdeckrost fuer die schwemmentmistung von viehstaellen

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0017606A1 (fr) 1980-10-15
DE2910772B1 (de) 1980-07-31
FI800813A (fi) 1980-09-20
ES489680A0 (es) 1982-08-01
DK116080A (da) 1980-09-20
DE2910772C2 (de) 1981-03-19
ES8205605A1 (es) 1982-08-01
ATE1571T1 (de) 1982-10-15

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