EP0000562B1 - Revêtement de sol à deux couches pour terrains de jeux ou de sports et procédé pour sa fabrication - Google Patents

Revêtement de sol à deux couches pour terrains de jeux ou de sports et procédé pour sa fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0000562B1
EP0000562B1 EP78100467A EP78100467A EP0000562B1 EP 0000562 B1 EP0000562 B1 EP 0000562B1 EP 78100467 A EP78100467 A EP 78100467A EP 78100467 A EP78100467 A EP 78100467A EP 0000562 B1 EP0000562 B1 EP 0000562B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
floor covering
layer
per
lower layer
millimeters
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP78100467A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0000562A1 (fr
Inventor
Walter Ronc
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Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0000562A1 publication Critical patent/EP0000562A1/fr
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Publication of EP0000562B1 publication Critical patent/EP0000562B1/fr
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/245—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it being a foam layer
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
    • A63C—SKATES; SKIS; ROLLER SKATES; DESIGN OR LAYOUT OF COURTS, RINKS OR THE LIKE
    • A63C19/00—Design or layout of playing courts, rinks, bowling greens or areas for water-skiing; Covers therefor
    • A63C19/04—Mats or carpets for courts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/26—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer
    • B32B3/30—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a particular shape of the outline of the cross-section of a continuous layer; characterised by a layer with cavities or internal voids ; characterised by an apertured layer characterised by a layer formed with recesses or projections, e.g. hollows, grooves, protuberances, ribs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
    • E01C—CONSTRUCTION OF, OR SURFACES FOR, ROADS, SPORTS GROUNDS, OR THE LIKE; MACHINES OR AUXILIARY TOOLS FOR CONSTRUCTION OR REPAIR
    • E01C13/00—Pavings or foundations specially adapted for playgrounds or sports grounds; Drainage, irrigation or heating of sports grounds
    • E01C13/04—Pavings made of prefabricated single units
    • E01C13/045—Pavings made of prefabricated single units the prefabricated single units consisting of or including bitumen, rubber or plastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2250/00—Layers arrangement
    • B32B2250/02—2 layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
    • B32B2266/02—Organic
    • B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
    • B32B2266/025—Polyolefin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2305/72—Cured, e.g. vulcanised, cross-linked
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/712—Weather resistant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/72—Density
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y10T428/24322—Composite web or sheet
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24273—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including aperture
    • Y10T428/24322—Composite web or sheet
    • Y10T428/24331—Composite web or sheet including nonapertured component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249976—Voids specified as closed
    • Y10T428/249977—Specified thickness of void-containing component [absolute or relative], numerical cell dimension or density
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/26—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component, the element or component having a specified physical dimension
    • Y10T428/261—In terms of molecular thickness or light wave length
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
    • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
    • Y10T442/659—Including an additional nonwoven fabric
    • Y10T442/666—Mechanically interengaged by needling or impingement of fluid [e.g., gas or liquid stream, etc.]
    • Y10T442/667—Needled

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a two-layer floor covering in sandwich construction for play and sports facilities, consisting of a plastic underlayer and an upper layer made of synthetic high polymer fibers.
  • plastic coverings that are used in the construction of sports facilities, such as the tartan. It is undisputed that the use of such plastic coverings greatly improves the economic viability of sports facilities and that the physical properties of these floors often result in significant increases in performance. These coverings are also maintenance-free, relatively weatherproof and have good abrasion resistance.
  • the object on which the invention is based is therefore to develop a floor covering for play and sports facilities, and a method for its production, the floor covering having a good shock-absorbing effect and a sliding friction which is not very demanding on the human musculoskeletal system, is easy to produce and can be relocated and maintained economically.
  • a covering has been a requirement of sports doctors and, above all, athletes for years. Nevertheless, it has so far not been possible to produce an appropriate floor covering.
  • This object is achieved by the combination of a sheet-like structure which forms the underlayer and which may be perforated, closed-cell, crosslinked polyethylene foam with a max. Density of 35 kg / m 3 and a sheet made of synthetic high polymer fibers serving as the top layer in the form of a needled fleece having at least 2 million punctures per m 2 , both sheets having to be at least 5 mm thick.
  • the production of the two-layer floor covering in a sandwich construction is characterized in that the two layers are connected to one another in a web shape by means of flame welding.
  • connection of polyethylene foam and a needle felt in sandwich construction, in particular by means of flame welding is generally known (cf. GB-A-1.368.083 and GB-A-1.415.852).
  • pre-designated applications for example for carpets or upholstery
  • the combination idea according to the invention ie primarily the creation of a new and surprising one Damping effect, which is of crucial importance in the prevention of health-damaging effects on the human musculoskeletal system through the use of the combination according to the invention in sports field construction.
  • the flame welding process which is normally used for laminations, enables, in contrast to the adhesives usually used for floor coverings in sandwich construction, a durability and weather resistance that is many times higher than when using adhesives. It is also crucial that the use of adhesives results in hardening of the textile material, which greatly affects the service life of the covering.
  • the top layer consists of a needled fleece (1) made of synthetic polypropylene fibers, which has a needling of at least 2 million punctures (2) / per m 2 . Depending on the type of sport, the needling required is between 2 million and 3.5 million punctures / m 2 , with needling of 3 million punctures / m 2 having proven to be advantageous, for example, for tennis courts.
  • the top layer is water-permeable, weatherproof and rot-proof.
  • This fleece 1 is now connected by means of the above-mentioned flame welding without an adhesive layer or any other intermediate layer to a closed-cell cross-linked polyethylene foam (3) which has air-filled cavities 4.
  • the high level of sure-footedness required by competitive athletes normally requires high sliding friction with the disadvantages mentioned above.
  • the covering produced according to the invention enables a high level of surefootedness, even on wet floors, but reduces the sliding friction due to the high needling of the textile surface and the damping effect of the closed-cell underlayer.
  • the air trapped in the cells of the underlayer provides very good shock absorption when the foot strikes, as is only the case today with natural underlays such as grass or sand.
  • the musculoskeletal system is not burdened by a catapult-like recoil and is thus excessively stressed. Thanks to the absorption of the pressure by the lower layer, there is also a greatly increased resistance to abrasion of the step top layer.
  • the lower layer has a thickness of 5.5 mm, the upper layer 6 mm.
  • the lower layer preferably has a density of 30 kg / m 3 . Specifically, this is achieved with the PE foam "Trocellen" developed by Dynamit Nobel.
  • the water permeability of the surface is an absolute requirement for the use of this surface in outdoor sports facilities. Since the polyethylene foam is impermeable to water, an appropriate solution had to be found here. This consists of perforating the polyethylene foam (5), which gives it water permeability. Very good results were achieved with a hole diameter of 4 to 5 mm and a hole spacing of 20 to 30 mm.
  • shock-absorbing effect of the covering according to the invention in connection with the high sliding security also predestine it for use in school buildings and public buildings as well as for walkways and driveways, all the more so as the sound and heat insulating properties are excellent.

Claims (6)

1. Un revêtement de sol en construction sandwich pour les installations ludiques et sportives caractérisé par le fait qu'il se compose de deux couches épaisses d'au moins 5 mm assemblées par soudage à chaud, la couche inférieure étant formée de mousse polyéthilènique réticulaire à structure alvéolaire fermée de poids volumique maximum de 35 kg/m3 et perforée, la couche supérieure se composant d'une nappe aiquilletée a base de fibres synthétiques hautement polymérisée avec un aiguilletage de 2 millions de points/m2.
2. Revêtement comme pour la revendication (1) caractérisé par une couche inférieure de mousse polyéthilènique d'une épaisseur de 5,5 mm, la couche supérieure ayant une épaisseur de 6,0 mm.
3. Revêtement comme dans revendication (1) caractérisé par une couche inférieure en mousse polyéthilènique d'un poids volumique de 30 kg/m3.
4. Revêtement avec couche inférieure perforée comme dans la revendication (1) caractérisé par des perforations de 4 à 5 mm espacées de 20 à 30 mm.
5. Revêtement comme dans revendication (1) caractérisé par un textile servant de couche supérieure ayant un aiguilletage de 3 (trois) millions de points/m2.
6. Procédé de fabrication de ce revêtement sandwich de la revendication 1 caractérisé par un soudage par bande des deux couches en utilisant le procédé de soudage à chaud dit par flamme.
EP78100467A 1977-07-25 1978-07-21 Revêtement de sol à deux couches pour terrains de jeux ou de sports et procédé pour sa fabrication Expired EP0000562B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH9256/77 1977-07-25
CH925677A CH616802GA3 (fr) 1977-07-25 1977-07-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0000562A1 EP0000562A1 (fr) 1979-02-07
EP0000562B1 true EP0000562B1 (fr) 1981-11-11

Family

ID=4350025

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP78100467A Expired EP0000562B1 (fr) 1977-07-25 1978-07-21 Revêtement de sol à deux couches pour terrains de jeux ou de sports et procédé pour sa fabrication

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4199639A (fr)
EP (1) EP0000562B1 (fr)
CH (1) CH616802GA3 (fr)
DE (1) DE2861311D1 (fr)

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CN103103906A (zh) * 2011-11-11 2013-05-15 西南交通大学 盛装舞步骑术赛场地地面

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US7328562B2 (en) * 2002-01-25 2008-02-12 Chia Wei Chang Stirrup with gas-filled shock absorber
US7065943B2 (en) * 2002-01-25 2006-06-27 Eastwest International (Taiwan) Enterprises Stirrup with footrest having a gas filled shock absorber
US7452586B2 (en) * 2004-08-02 2008-11-18 Polyair Corporation Floor covering
AT510977B1 (de) * 2010-12-23 2012-08-15 Kirchdorfer Fertigteilholding Gmbh Schallschutzbauteil
GB2497964A (en) * 2011-12-23 2013-07-03 Playsmart Internat Ltd Impact absorbing system for surfaces
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GB1368083A (en) * 1972-05-03 1974-09-25 Monsanto Ltd Pile-bearing materials
US3968290A (en) * 1973-05-16 1976-07-06 Armstrong Cork Company Non-woven fabric floor
DE2502025A1 (de) * 1974-02-08 1975-08-14 Leuna Werke Veb Textilbodenbelag mit thermoplastschaum-unterboden und ein verfahren zu seiner herstellung

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103103906A (zh) * 2011-11-11 2013-05-15 西南交通大学 盛装舞步骑术赛场地地面

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EP0000562A1 (fr) 1979-02-07
US4199639A (en) 1980-04-22
CH616802GA3 (fr) 1980-04-30
DE2861311D1 (en) 1982-01-14
CH616802B (fr)

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