DE69323896T2 - Zusammensetzung zur passivierung von vanadium beim katalytischen cracken und herstellung derselben - Google Patents
Zusammensetzung zur passivierung von vanadium beim katalytischen cracken und herstellung derselbenInfo
- Publication number
- DE69323896T2 DE69323896T2 DE69323896T DE69323896T DE69323896T2 DE 69323896 T2 DE69323896 T2 DE 69323896T2 DE 69323896 T DE69323896 T DE 69323896T DE 69323896 T DE69323896 T DE 69323896T DE 69323896 T2 DE69323896 T2 DE 69323896T2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- magnesium
- slurry
- composition
- production
- disclosed
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 title abstract 2
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title abstract 2
- 238000004523 catalytic cracking Methods 0.000 title 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 3
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 abstract 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium orthosilicate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] HCWCAKKEBCNQJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- -1 magnesium aluminates Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000012243 magnesium silicates Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/16—Clays or other mineral silicates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G11/00—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils
- C10G11/02—Catalytic cracking, in the absence of hydrogen, of hydrocarbon oils characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G11/04—Oxides
- C10G11/05—Crystalline alumino-silicates, e.g. molecular sieves
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0027—Powdering
- B01J37/0045—Drying a slurry, e.g. spray drying
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/04—Mixing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/19—Catalysts containing parts with different compositions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S502/00—Catalyst, solid sorbent, or support therefor: product or process of making
- Y10S502/521—Metal contaminant passivation
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US07/987,519 US5300469A (en) | 1992-12-08 | 1992-12-08 | Composition for passivating vanadium in catalytic cracking and preparation thereof |
| PCT/US1993/011812 WO1994013755A1 (en) | 1992-12-08 | 1993-12-07 | Composition for passivating vanadium in catalytic cracking and preparation thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE69323896D1 DE69323896D1 (de) | 1999-04-15 |
| DE69323896T2 true DE69323896T2 (de) | 1999-09-16 |
Family
ID=25533339
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE69323896T Expired - Fee Related DE69323896T2 (de) | 1992-12-08 | 1993-12-07 | Zusammensetzung zur passivierung von vanadium beim katalytischen cracken und herstellung derselben |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (2) | US5300469A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0673404B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP3775749B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR100278957B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1043966C (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE177466T1 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2144544C (de) |
| DE (1) | DE69323896T2 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2128546T3 (de) |
| MY (1) | MY131635A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1994013755A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (33)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2726486B1 (fr) * | 1994-11-07 | 1997-01-24 | Eurecat Europ Retrait Catalys | Procede de regeneration hors site de catalyseur comprenant au moins un metal precieux |
| FR2753984B1 (fr) * | 1996-10-02 | 1999-05-28 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de conversion d'une fraction lourde d'hydrocarbures impliquant une hydrodemetallisation en lit bouillonnant de catalyseur |
| US5800696A (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 1998-09-01 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Method for inhibiting the rate of coke formation during the zeolite catalyzed aromatization of hydrocarbons |
| CA2217145A1 (en) * | 1996-11-12 | 1998-05-12 | Phillips Petroleum Company | An improved zeolite material and the use thereof in the conversion of non-aromatic hydrocarbons to aromatics and light olefins |
| CO4890864A1 (es) * | 1997-10-02 | 2000-02-28 | Colombiana De Petroleos Ecopet | Trampas de vanadio para catalizadores de ruptura catalitica |
| CN1074688C (zh) * | 1998-02-20 | 2001-11-14 | 中国石化兰州炼油化工总厂 | 对重金属钒进行捕集的烃类裂化沸石催化剂及制备方法 |
| CN1065902C (zh) * | 1998-09-03 | 2001-05-16 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | 一种重整催化剂上硫酸根的脱除方法 |
| WO2001012319A1 (en) * | 1999-08-11 | 2001-02-22 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | ATTRITION RESISTANT, SHAPED, CRYSTALLINE Mg-Al-Si-CONTAINING CLAY-CONTAINING BODIES |
| US6673235B2 (en) | 2000-09-22 | 2004-01-06 | Engelhard Corporation | FCC catalysts for feeds containing nickel and vanadium |
| US6656347B2 (en) | 2000-09-22 | 2003-12-02 | Engelhard Corporation | Structurally enhanced cracking catalysts |
| US6696378B2 (en) | 2001-08-31 | 2004-02-24 | Engelhard Corporation | Fluid catalytic cracking catalyst manufacturing process |
| US7101473B2 (en) | 2002-05-31 | 2006-09-05 | Engelhard Corporation | Method of enhancing the activity of FCC catalysts |
| US6942783B2 (en) * | 2003-05-19 | 2005-09-13 | Engelhard Corporation | Enhanced FCC catalysts for gas oil and resid applications |
| US7431825B2 (en) * | 2003-12-05 | 2008-10-07 | Intercat, Inc. | Gasoline sulfur reduction using hydrotalcite like compounds |
| US7375048B2 (en) * | 2004-04-29 | 2008-05-20 | Basf Catalysts Llc | ZSM-5 additive |
| US20060060504A1 (en) * | 2004-09-08 | 2006-03-23 | Vierheilig Albert A | Additives for metal contaminant removal |
| CN100429149C (zh) * | 2004-11-26 | 2008-10-29 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种高岭土喷雾微球合成高含量NaY分子筛的制备方法 |
| CN100450608C (zh) * | 2005-06-15 | 2009-01-14 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种抗重金属的催化裂化助剂及其制备方法 |
| US7993623B2 (en) | 2007-06-29 | 2011-08-09 | Albemarle Netherlands B.V. | Additives for removal of metals poisonous to catalysts during fluidized catalytic cracking of hydrocarbons |
| CO5930068A1 (es) * | 2006-12-06 | 2008-06-27 | Ecopetrol Sa | Proceso de produccion de trampas de vanadio por impregnacion y trampa de vanadio producida por dicho proceso |
| US8372269B2 (en) * | 2009-10-02 | 2013-02-12 | Basf Corporation | Heavy metals trapping co-catalyst for FCC processes |
| WO2011154973A1 (en) | 2010-06-07 | 2011-12-15 | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | Metal passivator additive and process for preparing |
| US9029291B2 (en) * | 2011-01-12 | 2015-05-12 | Basf Corporation | Rare earth-containing attrition resistant vanadium trap for catalytic cracking catalyst |
| CN103172030B (zh) * | 2013-03-22 | 2015-04-15 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | 氧化物粉体及其制备方法、催化剂、以及催化剂载体 |
| DE102014019393A1 (de) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-06-30 | Georg Dohmen | Additiv und Verfahren zur Behandlung saurer Lösungen, Gase oder Schadstoffe |
| CN105498684A (zh) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-04-20 | 马鞍山泓宇材料科技有限公司 | 一种中空玻璃干燥剂 |
| CN106378205A (zh) * | 2016-08-12 | 2017-02-08 | 青岛惠城环保科技股份有限公司 | 一种金属捕集剂的制备方法 |
| CA3080398A1 (en) | 2017-11-10 | 2019-05-16 | Basf Corporation | A metal trap for use in fluid catalytic cracking (fcc) |
| US11759771B2 (en) | 2017-12-15 | 2023-09-19 | Basf Corporation | Vanadium traps for catalytic cracking processes |
| CN110180495B (zh) * | 2019-05-29 | 2022-04-12 | 北京化工大学常州先进材料研究院 | 一种多元共沉淀法制备硅酸镁基复合吸附材料的方法 |
| CN110170298B (zh) * | 2019-05-29 | 2022-03-18 | 北京化工大学常州先进材料研究院 | 一种浆态复合法制备硅酸镁碳酸镁复合吸附材料的方法 |
| JP7208125B2 (ja) * | 2019-09-30 | 2023-01-18 | 日揮触媒化成株式会社 | 流動接触分解触媒用添加剤および流動接触分解触媒用添加剤の製造方法、ならびに触媒組成物 |
| CN115430413A (zh) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-12-06 | 青岛惠城环保科技集团股份有限公司 | 一种高岭土基金属捕集剂的制备方法 |
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| CA650503A (en) * | 1962-10-16 | G. Braithwaite David | Catalysts and catalytic process | |
| US1312981A (en) * | 1919-08-12 | Planograph co | ||
| US2183590A (en) * | 1939-12-19 | Method of decolorizing oils | ||
| US2447181A (en) * | 1944-08-30 | 1948-08-17 | Rohm & Haas | Silica-magnesia catalyst and preparation thereof |
| DE1768460C2 (de) * | 1968-05-16 | 1973-01-04 | Badische Anilin- & Soda-Fabrik Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Verfahren zur Gewinnung von Acetylen, Äthylen und höhere Kohlenwasserstoffe enthaltenden Gemischen aus Spaltgasen |
| SU271496A1 (ru) * | 1969-05-07 | 1970-05-26 | Садовска Л. А. Иванова, М. А. Юревич , А. И. Хром | КАТАЛИЗАТОР ДЛЯ ВОССТАНОВЛЕНИЯ а-НЕПРЕДЕЛЬНЫХ КАРБОНИЛЬНЫХ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ |
| US3699037A (en) * | 1970-10-28 | 1972-10-17 | Chevron Res | Catalytic cracking |
| US4218344A (en) * | 1975-12-19 | 1980-08-19 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Catalytic cracking with reduced emission of noxious gases |
| US4153535A (en) * | 1975-12-19 | 1979-05-08 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Catalytic cracking with reduced emission of noxious gases |
| US4206039A (en) * | 1975-12-19 | 1980-06-03 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Catalytic cracking with reduced emission of noxious gases |
| US4153534A (en) * | 1975-12-19 | 1979-05-08 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Catalytic cracking with reduced emission of noxious gases |
| US4098678A (en) * | 1977-08-22 | 1978-07-04 | Schwarzenbek Eugene F | Cracking catalyst activity maintenance for catalytic cracking process |
| US4221677A (en) * | 1979-03-19 | 1980-09-09 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Catalytic cracking with reduced emission of noxious gases |
| AU531505B2 (en) * | 1979-06-01 | 1983-08-25 | Peter Bruce | Anchors |
| US4238317A (en) * | 1979-08-20 | 1980-12-09 | Standard Oil Company (Indiana) | Catalytic cracking with reduced emission of noxious gases |
| SE438449B (sv) * | 1980-06-30 | 1985-04-22 | Katalistiks International Bv | Krackningskatalysator for krackning av kolveten i en med fluidiserad katalysatorbedd arbetande reaktor |
| US4549958A (en) * | 1982-03-30 | 1985-10-29 | Ashland Oil, Inc. | Immobilization of vanadia deposited on sorbent materials during treatment of carbo-metallic oils |
| US4465779A (en) * | 1982-05-06 | 1984-08-14 | Gulf Research & Development Company | Modified cracking catalyst composition |
| US4944865A (en) * | 1982-05-06 | 1990-07-31 | Chevron Research Company | Process for cracking high metals content feedstocks |
| US4465588A (en) * | 1982-05-06 | 1984-08-14 | Gulf Research & Development Company | Process for cracking high metals content feedstock |
| EP0109064A3 (de) * | 1982-11-16 | 1985-06-19 | W.R. Grace & Co. | Kohlenwasserstoffumwandlungskatalysator |
| US4493902A (en) * | 1983-02-25 | 1985-01-15 | Engelhard Corporation | Fluid catalytic cracking catalyst comprising microspheres containing more than about 40 percent by weight Y-faujasite and methods for making |
| US4732747A (en) * | 1983-04-11 | 1988-03-22 | The Dow Chemical Company | Magnesium silicate compositions and process for making |
| US4929338A (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1990-05-29 | W. R. Grace & Co. - Conn. | Catalytic cracking catalyst and process |
| US4920087A (en) * | 1983-04-21 | 1990-04-24 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Vanadium scavenging compositions |
| US4549548A (en) * | 1983-09-14 | 1985-10-29 | Vitafin N.V. | Pacemaker system with automatic event-programmed switching between unipolar and bipolar operation |
| US4707461A (en) * | 1983-09-28 | 1987-11-17 | Chevron Research Company | Vanadium passivation in a hydrocarbon catalytic cracking process |
| EP0189267A3 (de) * | 1985-01-14 | 1987-06-10 | Engelhard Corporation | Fluidisierbare Zusammensetzung zum katalytischen Kracken |
| AU602163B2 (en) * | 1986-12-04 | 1990-10-04 | Engelhard Corporation | Catalytic cracking of metal contaminated feedstock |
| US4904627A (en) * | 1987-03-13 | 1990-02-27 | Uop | Alkaline earth metal spinel/kaolin clays and processes for making |
| US4781816A (en) * | 1987-10-19 | 1988-11-01 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Cracking process |
| US4895636A (en) * | 1988-06-10 | 1990-01-23 | Mobil Oil Corporation | FCC process with catalyst separation |
| US5071806A (en) * | 1988-09-30 | 1991-12-10 | Chevron Research And Technology Company | Vanadium tolerant cracking catalyst |
| US5141624A (en) * | 1989-03-30 | 1992-08-25 | Phillips Petroleum Company | Catalytic cracking process |
| US5002653A (en) * | 1989-12-29 | 1991-03-26 | Chevron Research Company | Catalytic cracking process with vanadium passivation and improved |
| US4988654A (en) * | 1989-12-29 | 1991-01-29 | Chevron Research Company | Dual component cracking catalyst with vanadium passivation and improved sulfur tolerance |
| US5260240A (en) * | 1989-12-29 | 1993-11-09 | Chevron Research And Technology Company | Process for the demetallization of FCC catalyst |
| US5071807A (en) * | 1989-12-29 | 1991-12-10 | Chevron Research Company | Hydrocarbon processing composition |
| US5128027A (en) * | 1990-06-07 | 1992-07-07 | Naguib Halaka | Method for removing mineral slimes from kaolin clay |
| US5082814A (en) * | 1991-01-31 | 1992-01-21 | Engelhard Corporation | Shell-coated FCC catalysts |
| TW200413725A (en) * | 2002-09-30 | 2004-08-01 | Oncotherapy Science Inc | Method for diagnosing non-small cell lung cancers |
-
1992
- 1992-12-08 US US07/987,519 patent/US5300469A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1993
- 1993-12-07 AT AT94902504T patent/ATE177466T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-12-07 WO PCT/US1993/011812 patent/WO1994013755A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1993-12-07 JP JP51430094A patent/JP3775749B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-12-07 MY MYPI93002614A patent/MY131635A/en unknown
- 1993-12-07 KR KR1019950702299A patent/KR100278957B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1993-12-07 CN CN93120865A patent/CN1043966C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-12-07 EP EP94902504A patent/EP0673404B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-12-07 CA CA002144544A patent/CA2144544C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-12-07 DE DE69323896T patent/DE69323896T2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1993-12-07 ES ES94902504T patent/ES2128546T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-03-04 US US08/179,843 patent/US5384041A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AU5685794A (en) | 1994-07-04 |
| CN1093951A (zh) | 1994-10-26 |
| ES2128546T3 (es) | 1999-05-16 |
| EP0673404A1 (de) | 1995-09-27 |
| US5300469A (en) | 1994-04-05 |
| CA2144544A1 (en) | 1994-06-23 |
| AU664009B2 (en) | 1995-10-26 |
| ATE177466T1 (de) | 1999-03-15 |
| DE69323896D1 (de) | 1999-04-15 |
| CN1043966C (zh) | 1999-07-07 |
| CA2144544C (en) | 2004-06-29 |
| KR950704445A (ko) | 1995-11-20 |
| MY131635A (en) | 2007-08-30 |
| US5384041A (en) | 1995-01-24 |
| KR100278957B1 (ko) | 2001-03-02 |
| WO1994013755A1 (en) | 1994-06-23 |
| JPH08504397A (ja) | 1996-05-14 |
| EP0673404B1 (de) | 1999-03-10 |
| JP3775749B2 (ja) | 2006-05-17 |
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