DE4220338A1 - Nonwoven and method and device for its production - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a large-volume nonwoven both solidified surfaces and a process and an apparatus for producing the same.

There are processes and nonwovens of the type mentioned Kind became known in different forms.

The bonding of nonwovens takes place on a large scale the so-called needling of voluminous fleece layers. With the help of a large number of so-called Felting needles deflected many fibers across the fleece and there intertwined irregularly with the fibers of the fleece.

To achieve a smooth surface on both sides the needling of both at the same time or one after the other Pages.

The number of punctures per unit area determines the Density and uniformity of the surface.

If the surface is supposed to be smooth, a large number of Grooves should be provided per unit area.

This makes the fleece quite stable, but also over the entire cross section very tight and dense.

For upholstery purposes as well as for filters or insulation purposes however, it makes sense to use the inside of the nonwoven to provide a very low density and the outer Execute layer stable and smooth.  

For this purpose, so-called spray laminating has been used up to now proceed several pre-needled nonwovens of different Density to each other.

The layered nonwovens produced in this way have only one low elasticity across their surface. By the Applying binders make them relatively rigid and can no longer be used for many purposes.

If you connect the individual layers by needling, then the inner loose fleece is automatically compressed layer and the nonwoven has essentially the same undesirable properties like a needled on both sides thick fleece.

Such nonwovens require because of their high density a lot of material, they are heavy and stiff and are z. B. as sub-fabrics for upholstery in motor vehicles testify and also as sound-absorbing body linings not usable with a customizable surface.

For such purposes one has therefore in the past Non-woven fabrics on the back of high quality, patterned, often with a plush surface Outer fabric attached.

These nonwoven fabrics have because of their small cross-sections an insufficient cushioning effect. For this reason you have under the nonwoven fabric or as a replacement for the same times a layer of foam. On their back then one had to secure the necessary gliding ability gens with the help of a binder a thin, large-meshed Thread grid.

This design makes the upholstery material secure the necessary quality parameters are very expensive.  

In addition, the foam used is not recycling able to.

For other purposes, so-called fleece pile Products known on the market under the Names Voltex and Kunit are traded.

These products are nonwovens, at which the fibers of a fleece by means of pusher needles a base layer is drawn and closed on the right side of the goods a composite of fiber mesh can be put together.

There is a thick pile layer on the left side of the fabric from the non-meshed fleece parts.

After brushing off the loose fleece parts you can go through Fixing and damping processes this pile layer in one volu stabilize the minous state.

However, the surface created in this way is neither a glide area for upholstery fabrics as a receiving area for one customizable wear-resistant outer fabric.

In the technology referred to as "Kunit" (DD 2 58 829) becomes a multi-layered, mostly longitudinal orien tied fleece meandering and one-sided Mesh the meandering arches through a base layer through, solidified through fiber mesh formation.

Such nonwovens consolidated on one side are only very good of limited use.

Brushing out the loose fleece components and recycling Ren in the process on the nonwoven machine is not included the desired effect possible because the returned Fibers have lost their longitudinal orientation can be recovered by a carding process.

This limits the use of such products to areas where you can also use loose fleeces could.  

It is the object of the invention to provide a nonwoven create a sufficient with the least manufacturing effort accordingly high transverse elasticity, less The use of materials enables and is easy to reuse tion can be supplied.

The object of the invention is a nonwoven fabric to create, as well as a method and an apparatus to propose its manufacture.

The surface of the nonwoven should be smooth and have a high degree of solidification, while the inner zones of the cross-section of the fleece predominantly across orien tated fibers should have in a loose composite. The Density and thickness of the loose, elastic means layer should be variable.

The use of threads for the nonwoven should be excluded or be reduced to an absolute minimum.

According to the invention, the nonwoven fabric consists of the claim 1 defined characteristics. The fibers of this solidified Nonwovens are predominantly across the base of the nonwoven directed and on its surface to a smooth, gliding solid and stable surface united.

The highest strength with high elasticity of the inner Fleece layers are created by compacting the surfaces achieved with the help of fiber mesh according to claim 3.

Also by needling the fleece surfaces in parallel or a high stability is achieved at an acute angle to the fleece surface lity of the surface achieved without the elasticity is lost across the base.

The mutual coating of the meandering fleece with a prefabricated fabric by means of adhesive acting substances, practically leads to a similar one Result.  

As a prefabricated fabric, a thin, chemical one consolidated spunbond, a fabric with a grid structure or any other textile fabric with a coarse and flat structure.

The use of random fleeces is preferred ben, since this is the detour via the expensive thread education can be avoided and the area formation with little effort with high productivity is possible.

To produce highly stable, lightweight molded parts, the nonwoven according to the invention deep-drawn, in the area of dense surface layers impregnated with a plastic and be cured in a mold. This is suitable this nonwoven also for the production of Ka parts of the horse.

The designated substance is expedient after the claim 10 defined processes. The essence of this The procedure is that the solidification of the two Surfaces of the meandering fleece in two temporally and spatially Separate work steps are carried out.

The size of the temporal and spatial separation plays a role practically no role.

The modified method according to claim 11 enables this Summarize several work steps. The together act on the continuously rotating roller with the peri Oddly swinging needles allow at the same time the meandering folding of the supplied fleece, the Fixing one vertex and joining two together neighboring parting through intertwined Stitches.

Crucial for the loose internal structure of the nonwoven fes is that the fleece is not through the tip of the needle second stitch formation and through that on the shaft the needle sliding stitch is compressed.

For this purpose, the positive inclusion of these Stitch close to the tapping edge of the second  Stitch formation site and the non-positive guidance of the first solidified nonwoven surface of crucial Importance.

The feeding of a predominantly cross-oriented fleece at least one of the stitch formation points between the Meanders and the tee level improved on the one hand the effectiveness of the containment agents and additionally increases the strength of the nonwoven fabric in the transverse direction.

The addition of extra long, longitudinal fibers to the longitudinally oriented layered fleece increases the elasticity act of the nonwoven fabric transversely to the base and has an effect unintentional separation of the nonwoven between the effectively counteracts both surfaces.

The nonwoven fabric produced in this way is very good suitable for deep-drawing processes, without it being his losing structure created according to the invention.

It is also possible to use such nonwovens as already said as a load-bearing structure for body parts Use plast. Due to the high density in the surfaces of the nonwoven can under certain conditions Inner layer can be kept free of plastic.

With low mass, high strength is achieved. The Damping properties of these body parts are very Good.

Additional insulation mats may not be necessary become.

A second basic process variant is in the Claims 16 and 17 shown. With this procedure become the apex of the meandering arches with felting needles condenses parallel and / or at an acute angle to the Fleece surface single or multiple fibers across the Push the vertices of adjacent meanders and devour.  

This procedure is particularly applicable when the Sliding properties of the fleece surface are not very demanding changes are made. This procedure also remains the core of the nonwoven fabric is loose and keeps its high Elasticity.

This method is therefore particularly suitable for sound insulation mats or suitable for coverings in motor vehicles.

The device for producing the fleece according to the An sayings 10 to 15 consists of a known Warp knitting machine modified as a fleece knitting machine is. The usual stitch formation on this machine, the at least one slide needle row and tee boards has a second stitch formation point assigned to the free meanders of the second Surface of the meandering fleece are meshed.

The second stitch formation site is also with funds equipped with a precise feeding of the meander fleece on the already solidified fleece surface possible.

For securing the containment function when meshing of both fleece surfaces, the enclosing elements are after Claim 19 crucial.

By changing the distance between the enclosing elements from the teeing edge on the one hand and from the guidance of the first solidified surface, on the other hand, the Fleece thickness can be adjusted.

Instead of a separate enclosing element, can also the comb with a known hook be provided. In this case, however, is the discount bar a swinging movement across the needle plane To give.

The feeding of a predominantly cross-oriented fleece in the discount level supports the containment function.

For cases where there is no warp knitting machine with a two ten stitch formation zone is available, you can do that  one-sided solid surface also a second Feed the warp knitting machine with its stitch formation zone Fleece guidance agents and containment agents modified has been.

The warp knitting machine can also be used instead of the slider needles with felting needles.

However, the way these needles work is that Guiding the fleece in front of these needles parallel or in arrange acute angles to these. As a counterhold modified inclusion combs used with their drives become.

The necessary elements for merging the mean derbows with adhesive substances and fabrics are in Claim 26 defined.

The invention is intended to be based on an exemplary embodiment are explained in more detail. In the accompanying drawings demonstrate:

Fig. 1 is a bonded non-woven fabric with a mesh by non-woven solidified surfaces,

Fig. 2 is a consolidated nonwoven having needled web surfaces,

Fig. 3 is a consolidated nonwoven, in which the surfaces are bonded to a textile fabric,

Fig. 4 a schematic representation of binding sites for the production of a bonded web according to FIG. 1 with the spaced apart Maschenbil,

Fig. 5 shows an apparatus for producing a nonwoven fabric according to FIG. 1 takes place close to each other to parent stitch-forming points at which the fixing of the already solidified side of the web in the region of the second mesh educational site through the Einschließelemente on the first mesh forming spot,

A device for preparing a ver consolidated web, wherein the second mesh forming spot is positioned in the drawing direction below the first mesh forming spot Fig. 6,

Fig. 7 shows an arrangement according to FIG. 6, wherein the first knitting station is provided with vertically movable needles,

Fig. 8 is a schematic representation of the apparatus for making a bonded web according to Fig. 2,

Fig. 9 shows a device according to Fig. 8 used on warp knitting machines with horizontal Nadelbar ren and vertically movable enclosing or counter-holding means and

Fig. 10 form a device for applying surface by means of adhesive substances.

A fleece coming from a card or card is passed through Fold several nonwovens or by zigzag laying along the Direction of conveyance layered and generally by rolling in such a form that it is condensed for another Processing is suitable.  

Its fibers are oriented essentially without to rule out the presence of transverse fibers.

The average stack lengths of this fleece are between 40 and 70 mm. It is also convenient to use longer ones Include fibers.

This fleece is first layered in a meandering fashion. The Meanders have a length that is slightly larger, than the thickness of the nonwoven fabric to be made.

This resulting fleece is referred to as Meander fleece 11 be.

For the purpose of strengthening the surfaces of the meander fleece 11 , the apices 112 and 113 of the mutually laterally adjacent meander arches are connected to one another.

In the variant shown in Fig. 1, this connection is made by fiber mesh 12 , 12. '

In Fig. 2, this connection is pushed by fibers 13 , which are captured in a meandering arch, across the apices 112 , 113 several meandering arches and are intertwined there by multiple piercing with felting needles.

The nonwoven fabric shown in Fig. 3 shows a shape in which the connection of the apex 112 , 113 is carried out by a prefabricated sheet 151 , 152 . This is vorran gig applied to the meander fleece 11 by binders.

If you use fibers or other components with low Melting point, the compound can also be heated create.

In Fig. 4 the meandering deposit of the fleece 1 is generated by a continuously rotating roller 25 with a tooth-shaped surface in connection with a tan gentially arranged vibratingly driven slider needle bar 21 , 211 . The slide needle row 21 grasps the fleece 1 below the roller 25 with its hooks, pulling it horizontally into the knock-off position.

During this time, the roller 25 conveys the fleece 1 and presents the length for the following meandering sheet 111 .

The slider needles 21 capture the end of this length during the subsequent shoot and pull it back to the tapping edge 232 .

This way, without using additional folds that would need an additional drive, one meandering shelf that meets the requirements of the fleece.

This device known per se from DD patent 2 58 829 tion works with high reliability.

The slide needle row 21 forms in cooperation with the closing wire 22 and the fixed tee 23, the basis for the fact that the fibers captured by the push needles 21 are joined by knocking off, applying and enclosing the fiber loops to form a composite of nonwoven meshes parallel to the tee edge.

Due to the intertwined fiber meshes 12 , the meandering fleece 11 is already compressed on one side and bound.

In this form, it is fed directly or via an intermediate memory to a second stitch formation point 3 . This second mesh forming spot 3 has a guide 36 for the side of the solidified Meandervlieses 11 at a defined distance in front of the knock-over edge 332nd

The meander fleece 11 is held in a force-fitting manner on this guide 36 with its solidified side. This is ensured by the resultant of the supply and withdrawal tension of the meander fleece 11 .

It is expedient that one side solidified Meanderv lies close to 11 and to bring parallel to the needle plane of these guide and deflect in the needle plane in the withdrawal direction.

The pusher needle 21 which has penetrated from the unconsolidated side of the meander fleece 11 cannot be lifted off the guide 36 during the return stroke and the pulling out of a fiber loop from this meander fleece 11 .

The slider needle 31 coils this loop together with the tapping edge 332 to the rear.

During the subsequent needle ejection, this loop rises onto the shaft of the slide needle 31 and is widened again in the process.

In order to prevent the meandering fleece from being pressed together by this ascending stitch on the shaft, a closing comb 34 with needle-shaped enclosing elements is moved into the needle lanes up to below the needle plane parallel to the tapping edge 332 . In this way, the mesh is held securely on the tapping edge and the loose structure of the fleece is not changed.

The process of fiber stitch formation takes place in übli cher known way.

To increase the strength of the meandering fleece 11 in the transverse direction, a predominantly transversely oriented fleece 14 can be inserted between the teeing plane and the meandering lies 11 .

This fleece 14 is advantageously fed separately between the tapping edge 332 and the inclusion comb 24 .

However, it is also conceivable to loosely place such a fleece 14 , which can be very thin, on the meandering fleece and move it together with it to the stitch formation point 3 .

The fibers of this transversely oriented fleece 14 support the enclosing process by replacing the missing blanket mesh there where the blanking boards attack.

The machine Fig. 5, 6 and 7 show different allocations of the second mesh forming spot 3 at a Kettenwirkma which is already provided with a stitch formation site 2, or 3.

In Fig. 5 a variant is shown in which the fixing of the first solidified nonwoven side is secured by the Einschließkamm 24 at the first stitch forming spot 2.

The second stitch formation point 3 is therefore arranged very close below the first stitch formation point 2 . Because of the lack of space for an additional closing comb 24 , the knock-over board 23 of the second stitch formation point 3 has a hook which is usual on warp knitting machines and is vertically swinging movable.

Fig. 6 shows a device in which the already verfe stigt side of the meandering fleece 11 is non-positively fixed by deflecting backwards. For this purpose, guide boards 36 are attached to the tapping bar at the bottom.

The slider needles 31 of the second stitch formation point 3 are provided vertically under these sinkers 36 , with an upward point and with a forwardly directed hook.

The remaining working elements of the second stitch formation 3 are arranged in the usual way and work in the manner already described.

In FIG. 7, the stitch formation point already present on warp knitting machines is used as the second stitch formation point 3 . It is preceded by a first stitch formation point 2 , which is equipped with vertically oscillating slide needles 21 and with the stitch formation elements aligned with it.

In this case, the existing nonwoven feed for transversely oriented nonwovens 14 can be used to stabilize the second side of the meandering nonwoven 11 .

Another device is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. In principle, these two devices are identical. They each have an oscillating fold layer 4 with a pair of conveyor rollers 42 .

Two oscillating grippers 43, 44 secure the meandering placement of the fleece 1 in a guide channel 45 and ensure its gradual transport in this guide channel 45 .

The guide channel 45 is bent at an obtuse angle in nearby neighboring areas in opposite directions. In this way, before and after the bend, the felting needles 51 , 61 , also called Veltin needles, penetrate into the surface of the meandering fleece 11 at an acute angle and move there parallel to the surface of the meandering fleece.

The felting needles 51 , 61 deflect a plurality of fibers 13 across the apices 112 , 113 of the meandering arches and intertwine them.

As an abutment, counterholders 52 , 62 are transversely introduced into the fleece in the rhythm of the needle movements. During the return stroke of the felting needles 51 , 61 , the fibers 13 are stripped through the walls of the guide channel in the stripping zone 531 .

The arrangement according to FIG. 9 is selected if you want to use the horizontal storage of the needle bar and its drive on warp knitting machines, in particular sewing machines, for guiding and driving the felting needles 51 .

The device according to FIG. 10 has a fold layer 4 , as has already been described with reference to FIG. 8. Below the guide channel 45 on both sides of the mean dervlieses spray nozzles 7 , 7 'are arranged, which applies an adhesive liquid with pronounced adhesive properties to the apex 112 , 113 of the meandering arches.

Immediately afterwards, a prepared fabric is created on both sides - e.g. B. a chemically solidified mess 152 , 152 '- pressed by means of rollers 71 , 71 '.

The solidified nonwoven is removed in all cases and a winding, not shown, or a panel Caching fed.

List of the reference symbols used

1 fleece, layered, lengthways oriented
11 Meander fleece
111 meanders
112 crown
113 crown
12 , 12 ′ fiber mesh
13 fibers, deflected
14 fleece, oriented transversely
151 grids
152 Tangled fleece

2 first stitch formation
21 slide needle
211 barre
22 closing wire
221 barre
23 tee
231 tee
232 tee
24 inclusion comb
25 roller

3 second stitch formation
31 slide needle
311 barre
32 locking wire
321 barre
33 tee
331 tee
332 teeing edge
34 Inclusion comb
36 circuit board
361 guide bar
37 tensioner not described
371 tension bar not described

4 folding layers
41 frames
42 pair of conveyor rollers
43 grippers
44 grippers
45 guide channel

5 first needle zone
51 felting needle
511 barre
52 counterholders
521 barre
53 guide surface
531 wiping zone

6 second needle zone
61 felting needle
611 barre
62 counterhold
621 barre
63 guide surface
631 wiping zone

7 , 7 ′ spray nozzles
71 , 71 ′ rollers

Claims (26)

1. Large-volume nonwoven fabric with surfaces consolidated on both sides, characterized in that
that fibers of a longitudinally oriented nonwoven ( 1 ) are shaped in the form of a meandering nonwoven ( 11 ) between the two nonwoven surfaces and
that the apex ( 112 , 113 ) mutually adjacent meandering arches ( 111 ) are connected to each other on both surfaces. 2. Nonwoven fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that the apex ( 112 , 113 ) of the meandering arches ( 111 ) by intertwining fibers of the apex ( 112 , 113 ) transversely to the meandering arches ( 111 ) are interconnected. 3. Nonwoven fabric according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the apex ( 112 , 113 ) of the meandering arches ( 111 ) by means of fiber mesh ( 12 , 12 ') from fibers of the Schei tel ( 112 , 113 ) are connected together. 4. Nonwoven fabric according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the apex ( 112 , 113 ) of the meandering arches ( 111 ) by means of transversely adjacent vertices ( 112 , 113 ) deflected and intertwined fibers ( 13 ) are interconnected. 5. Nonwoven fabric according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the apex ( 112 , 113 ) of the meandering arches ( 111 ) by a on the surfaces of the meandering fleece ( 11 ) applied, prefabricated sheet ( 151 , 152 ) by means of adhesive substances that will. 6. Nonwoven fabric according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the apex ( 112 , 113 ) of the meandering arches ( 111 ) by a surface arranged on the surfaces ( 151 , 152 ) with the help of substances having a low melting point, are connected. 7. Nonwoven fabric according to claims 1, 5 and 6, characterized in that the fabric ( 151 , 152 ) has a lattice structure ( 151 ) and consists of recyclable materials. 8. Nonwoven fabric according to claim 7, characterized in that the fabric ( 151 , 152 ) is a consolidated thin non-woven fabric ( 152 ). 9. Nonwoven fabric according to claim 1 to 8, characterized ge features that at least one of the solidified surface layer soaked in plastic and cured in a mold is. 10. A method for producing a nonwoven fabric according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that
that a longitudinally oriented, layered fleece ( 1 ) is fed continuously in a defined position;
that the layered fleece ( 1 )

• - Deflected in a meandering manner by at least one folding element ( 4 , 41 , 42 , 21 ) which oscillates periodically transversely to the feed direction and
• - is fixed to at least one vertex ( 112 , 113 ) of the meandering arches ( 111 );

that a first fixed vertex ( 112 ) is connected to at least one of the preceding vertices ( 112 ) and
that in a subsequent step, the opposite vertices ( 113 ) are connected together to form a surface. 11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in
that the layered fleece ( 1 ) is fed continuously through a roller ( 25 ) with a fitting,
that the fleece ( 1 ) is gripped by a surface line of this roller ( 25 ) by means of hooks of a sliding needles ( 21 ) of a first stitch formation zone ( 2 ) which can be pivoted tangentially to the roller ( 25 ),
deducted against the direction of rotation of the roller ( 25 ), cumulated at a tapping edge ( 232 ) and is formed to form a formation of fiber meshes ( 12 ) and
that the apex ( 113 ) of the free meandering arches ( 111 ) a second stitch formation zone ( 3 ) needles with slider needles ( 31 ) and a tee bar ( 331 ) close to and parallel to the tee edge ( 332 ) on the hook side for fiber stitch formation. 12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the composite of fiber meshes ( 12 ) on both surfaces of the meandering fleece ( 11 ) close to and parallel to the tapping edge ( 232 , 332 ) swinging form-locking enclosing means ( 24 , 34 ) can be fixed. 13. The method according to claim 11 and 12, characterized in that at least one of the stitch formation points ( 2 , 3 ) between the apexes ( 112 , 113 ) of the mean dervlieses ( 11 ) and the respective tapping edge ( 232 , 332 ) also crosswise oriented fleece ( 14 ) is supplied. 14. The method according to claim 11 and 13, characterized in that the transversely oriented fleece ( 14 ) is a pre-consolidated spunbond ( 152 , 152 '). 15. The method according to claim 1 to 14, characterized in that the layered longitudinally oriented fleece ( 1 ) are assigned to long fibers. 16. A method for producing a nonwoven fabric according to claims 1, 2 and 4, characterized in that
that a layered, longitudinally oriented fleece ( 1 ) is deposited in a meandering manner by means of a vibrating conveyor roller pair ( 42 ),
is fixed with swinging grippers (43,44) in a Füh approximately channel and compacted,
that the meandering fleece ( 11 ) in a guide channel in two opposite directions successively arcuate and
in the area of the outer sheet at an acute angle to the surface of the meandering fleece ( 11 ) in the puncture area by felting needle groups ( 51 , 61 ) with insertable counterholders ( 52 , 62 ) and wipers ( 531 , 631 ). 17. The method according to claim 1 and 5-9, characterized in that the in a guide channel ( 45 ) guided and compressed meandering fleece ( 11 ) while spraying a binder on both sides simultaneously, via rollers ( 71 , 71 ') supplied sheets are added. 18. Device for producing a nonwoven fabric according to claims 1 to 3 and according to a method according to claim 10 to 15, characterized in that
that on a warp knitting machine

• - With at least one first stitch formation point ( 2 ),
• - consisting of a slide needle bar ( 211 )
• - a tee bar ( 23 , 231 ) and
• - at least one fleece feeder,
• a thread layer for a layered nonwoven is arranged above half of the stitch formation zone,

that a second stitch formation zone ( 3 ) is arranged downstream of the first stitch formation zone ( 2 ),

• - The needles ( 31 ) are directed against the unconsolidated surface of the meandering fleece ( 11 )
• - And which has a guide bar ( 361 ) with boards ( 36 ) for the solidified first side of the mean dervlieses ( 11 ),
• - The guide surface above the needle plane is aligned parallel to this and in the needle plane in the withdrawal direction.

19. The apparatus according to claim 18, characterized in that at least one of the stitch formation zones ( 2 , 3 ) is associated with a transversely to the plane of the pusher needles ( 21 , 31 ) oscillating gender comb ( 24 , 34 ),

• - The enclosing elements are aligned close and parallel to the tapping edge ( 232 , 332 ).

20. The apparatus of claim 18 and 19, characterized in that the tee boards ( 23 , 33 ) have a locking hook and can be moved swinging perpendicular to the plane of the pusher needles ( 21 , 31 ). 21. The apparatus according to claim 18 to 20, characterized in that between the meandering fleece ( 11 ) and the tapping edge ( 232 , 332 ) a fleece feed for a predominantly transversely oriented fleece ( 14 ) is provided. 22. The apparatus of claim 18 to 21, characterized in that the second stitch formation point ( 3 ) is assigned to a second warp knitting machine. 23. The device according to claim 18, characterized in that
that the warp knitting machine is equipped with felting needles ( 51 , 61 ) instead of the sliding needles ( 21 , 31 ),
that the fleece guide ( 45 ) in front of the felting needles ( 51 , 61 ) has an acute angle to the longitudinal axis of the felting needles ( 51 , 61 ) and
the counterholders ( 52 , 62 ) can be inserted swinging transversely into the meander fleece ( 11 ). 24. Device for producing a nonwoven fabric according to claims 1 and 5 to 9, characterized in that subsequent to the guide channel ( 45 ) of a mean dervlieses ( 11 ) on both sides spray devices ( 7 , 7 ') for a binder and rollers ( 71 , 71 ') Are provided for the approach and creation of a sheet ( 152 , 152 ').