DE4425138C2 - Sheets made of synthetic polymers and process for their production - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a fabric made of synthetic polymers and a method its manufacture, the fabric consisting of filaments, which are in layers arranged and connected point-wise over the cross section, and from threads that are subsequently drawn into the filament fleece.

The production of fabrics directly from synthetic polymers by gluing Filament fleece is known (DE-OS 26 53 853). The filaments become a fleece placed and then thermally treated according to generally known methods, so that a stable cohesion of the filaments is achieved. Since in the known methods thermal solidification immediately after the production of the filament layers under If pressure and temperature are applied, a film effect is achieved at these points. As a result, the fabrics made in this way lose part of their textile properties. They are inflexible and relatively stiff. In addition, the tensile strength of such fabrics is low in all directions and high to very high elongation values occur, which the Restrict application possibilities.

However, it is not possible to process nonwoven filaments without thermal consolidation. because the filaments only lie on top of each other due to the lack of crimping and none have sufficient liability to one another.

From DD-PS 2 65 437 is the manufacture of a knitted fabric based on a unconsolidated filament fleece known. The unconsolidated Elementary thread fleece formed from elementary thread or capillary thread sheets, which are oriented approximately at right angles to the edge of the fabric and by stitching one The binding thread system is consolidated into a flat structure.

DD-PS 2 40 920 describes the manufacture of a flat textile reinforcement mat described from a scrim, which consists of randomly discarded loops there is a larger number of glass silk threads, pierced across rows with knitting needles and is consolidated by a stitch-forming thread system. This is the Sew over a tangled scrim, which is the work place of a stitch-forming Processing machine is submitted directly.

From DD-PS 58 158 it is also known to solidify filament layers Formation of stitches from filaments taken from the filament layer. This procedure failed because it is not possible to use the smooth filaments as Non-woven or layer have no cohesion, as a loosely laid layer of thread orderly to a processing point. So strong shifts occur Filaments or the filament layers to each other that the required uniformity is no longer given.  

The invention has for its object to a sheet made of synthetic polymers create in which the textile properties are largely preserved and one has sufficient stability in all directions with lower elongation values.

The object is achieved in that filaments made of synthetic polymers form a nonwoven laid, layered and compacted, between individual filament loops of the Filament fleece punctiform adhesive bonds are formed, which subsequently solidify the filament fleece is completely or almost completely dissolved into a composite material, by adding stitches from additional binding threads. The invention As a result, planar structures have different connections distributed over the surface on which different strengths and structures bring about in the textile product and thus significant influence on the cross section and the surface of the product as well take its properties.

To the desired properties, such as textile grip, stability and low elongation values To ensure the fabric, a thermally compressed filament fleece is one with a device equipped with a multi-needle system. The needles of this facility are designed so that they swallow the filaments together or that they become threads Process stitches or wales. For this purpose, the needles penetrate the Set up the compressed filament fleece, loosen or loosen the adhesive bonds between the filaments, the captured filaments gobble together or pull at the same time feed additional threads into the filament fleece. This will make the through the entry of the needles in the fleece loosened filaments pinched by the thread stitches, the filaments are no longer connected to one another. Because the filaments of the fleece the individual are only arranged in a loop and not in line with the stitches Filaments usually in several wales arranged side by side and one above the other or rows of stitches included. Further characteristic features of the invention are in the Subclaims described.

Since the threads are material with certain tensile strength and Strain values can affect the desired properties of the fabric are planned largely with foresight, d. that is, the products can can also be constructed from the same polymers and recyclable in line with requirements.

Embodiment

The invention is described in more detail below using an exemplary embodiment. The associated drawings show in

Fig. 1 sheet with incorporated binder yarns in tricot or fringe binding according to the invention,

Fig. 2 shows a schematic cross section according to Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 shows a schematic longitudinal section according to FIG. 1,

Fig. 4 sheets of two filament layers according to the invention,

Fig. 5 sheet with embedded fillers according to the invention,

Fig. 6 shows the connection of the fabric according to the invention with a prefabricated fabric.

The sheet according to the invention shown in Figure 1 consists of the filament layers 1 , 1 ', which were compressed under the action of temperature and pressure, so that in the filament layers 1 , 1 ' individual filaments with each other a punctiform adhesive bond 3 , 3 '; ( Fig. 2) have. The filament layers 1 , 1 'are by means of binding threads 2 , 2 '; sewn in fringe ( Fig. 1a) or jersey ( Fig. 1b). However, all other types of binding can also be used, provided the appropriate technical facilities are available. As the cross-sections of the fabric shown in Fig. 2 show, the filament nonwovens 4 , 4 'are clamped into the stitches by the binding threads 2 , 2 ' formed into stitches. By inserting the needles into the nonwoven filaments 4 , 4 ', the punctiform adhesive bonds 3 , 3 ' originally present there are dissolved between the individual filaments and only one stitch bond from the binding threads 2 , 2 'is present. Since the individual filaments of the non-woven filaments 4 , 4 'are each contained in a plurality of adjacent wales 5 , 5 ' and courses 6 , 6 ', this prevents the filaments from sliding out of the stitches, thus ensuring a firm bond.

By using different types of weave, a selection of different patterns can be achieved, which affects the textile handle of the product and thus the application in different areas of application. Furthermore, specific properties can be achieved by using different polymers in the filament nonwovens 4 , 4 'or by selecting different binding threads 2 , 2 ' in terms of structure, color, shrinkability, meltability or the like. Filaments made of fully or partially recycled granules can be used or additional effects can be achieved by storing additional fillers 7 , such as powders, granules, seeds, cutlets etc., between the filament fleeces 4 , 4 '. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the surface of the jersey layer ( FIG. 3b), for example, is more open than that of the fringe binding ( FIG. 3a). This achieved openness of the surface affects, for example, the textile feel and the character of the product, apart from the fact that a number of patterns on the surface are possible.

FIGS. 4 to 6 show examples of the use of the sheet according to the invention in conjunction with at least one further additional textile or non-textile component. In Fig. 4, a connection of two filament nonwovens 4 , 4 'by wales 5 , 5 ' of twine 2 is shown. In the areas between the wales 5 , 5 ', the gluing of the filaments, which was carried out by the compression, is released again, so that the loose, isolated filaments are located between the wales 5 , 5 '.

In the Fig. 5, two filament webs 4 were 4 'is connected formed from threads 2 wale 5, 5', where 'spreadable between two Filamentvliesen 4, 4 elements 7, such as powders, granules, seeds, shavings, etc. are introduced. However, textile or non-textile surfaces or rod-shaped or tubular elements can also be inserted. In these variants, the distance from wales 5 , 5 'to wales 5 , 5 ' can be chosen so that the punctiform adhesive connections 3 , 3 'between the nonwoven filaments 4 , 4 ' are released only in the immediate area of the connection points.

Furthermore, there is the possibility of connecting such nonwoven filaments 4 , 4 'to prefabricated textile or non-textile fabrics 8 , such as, for example, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwovens, foils, scrims or the like. Fig. 6 shows the connection as an example of a woven fabric 8 with a filament web 4 by wale 5 of binding yarns 2. The right area 1 shows how the filament fleece 4 and the fabric 8 are presented together. In the left pane can be clearly seen, which is carried out after the introduction of the binder threads 2 in the form of wales 5, the resolution of the individual filament loops to Filamentvlieses 4 4a.

Claims (8)

1. A process for the production of fabrics made of synthetic polymers, characterized in that filaments made of synthetic polymers are laid to form a fleece ( 4 ), layered and compressed under the action of temperature and pressure, so that between individual filament loops ( 4 a) of the filament fleece ( 4 ) a punctiform adhesive bond ( 3 ) is formed, then the compressed filament layers ( 1 ) are mechanically solidified by forming stitches ( 5 ) from additional binding threads ( 2 ) to form a textile composite, the temporary layer being in the areas of the binding threads ( 2 ) punctiform adhesive connection ( 3 ) between the individual filament loops ( 4 a) is completely or almost completely dissolved. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the solution of the punctiform adhesive connections ( 3 ) between the individual filament loops ( 4 a) is carried out specifically at selected points. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the filament nonwovens ( 4 ) of the individual filament layers ( 1 ) are formed from the same or different polymers. 4. A flat structure consisting of filaments which are arranged in layers and connected point-wise over the cross-section, and of threads which are subsequently drawn into the filament, produced according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the point-like connections ( 3 ) between individual filament loops (4 a) of the Filamentvlieses (4) (2) are completely canceled or partially at the indentation sites of the binding threads and is carried out a composite of filament layers (1) in these areas exclusively by loops (5) from the subsequently introduced binder yarns ( 2 ) are formed. 5. The sheet according to claim 4, characterized in that the sheet consists of one or more nonwoven filaments ( 4 ), in which binding threads ( 2 ) are subsequently incorporated. 6. fabric according to claim 4 and 5, characterized in that all components of the Fabric consist of a polymer or different polymers. 7. fabric according to claim 4 to 6, characterized in that the synthetic Filaments consist entirely or partially of recycled granules. 8. Flat structure according to claim 4 to 7, characterized in that between the filament nonwovens ( 4 ) other prefabricated flat structures ( 8 ) or scatterable elements ( 7 ), such as powder, granules, seeds, schnitzel or the like. Or rod or tubular Elements are stored.