EP0350627A1 - Apparatus for making voluminous fibre layers - Google Patents

Apparatus for making voluminous fibre layers Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0350627A1
EP0350627A1 EP89110617A EP89110617A EP0350627A1 EP 0350627 A1 EP0350627 A1 EP 0350627A1 EP 89110617 A EP89110617 A EP 89110617A EP 89110617 A EP89110617 A EP 89110617A EP 0350627 A1 EP0350627 A1 EP 0350627A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fiber
section
fiber layer
bar
conveyor
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Granted
Application number
EP89110617A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0350627B1 (en
Inventor
Radko Prof.Dr.Ing. Drsc Krcma
Vladislav Hybl
Oldrich RNDr CSc Jirsák
Jaroslav Doz.Ing. Csc Hanzl
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INCOTEX SPOL. S R. O.
Original Assignee
Incotex Spol S R O
VYSOKA SKOLA STROJNI A TEXTILNI
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/70—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres
    • D04H1/74—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres characterised by the method of forming fleeces or layers, e.g. reorientation of fibres the fibres being orientated, e.g. in parallel (anisotropic fleeces)
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H18/00—Needling machines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H18/00—Needling machines
    • D04H18/02—Needling machines with needles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for producing voluminous fiber layers with a fiber portion predominantly oriented perpendicularly to the layer plane.
  • the layers are mostly held together by sprayed-on dispersion binders or by thermoplastic binding fibers and in some cases also by processing in needling machines.
  • needling a fiber portion is aligned in the vertical direction and at the same time the fiber fleece layer is compressed, so that the thickness and thus the heat insulation capacity of the fabric obtained decreases considerably.
  • the volume of the flat structure is maintained if the fiber layer consists of a crimp-shaped fiber web in which the fiber portion oriented in the direction perpendicular to the layer plane predominates.
  • the nonwoven fabric is pressed into a toothing of a large drum in order to form crimps or folds and is connected to a support web by application of a binder.
  • CS-PS 87 556 a device is known in which a nonwoven fabric is alternately folded with the aid of a pivotable pair of knives and pressed into a backing fabric after application of an adhesive binder.
  • a device for forming compressed folds of nonwoven from carding according to CS-OS 235 494 contains a needle drum, a plate and a body which form a gap into which a removal bar (chipper) protrudes. This then folds the nonwoven, respectively. the fibrous web wavy.
  • the resulting structure must be solidified either by impregnation with a binder or by sticking to a base layer.
  • the fiber layer can also be consolidated in a subsequent sewing process with or without binding threads.
  • the fiber layers produced in such a device thus have a considerable proportion of fibers oriented perpendicularly to the plane of the fabric, but must be consolidated mechanically or with the aid of binders because of a lack of cohesion.
  • the invention has for its object to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art and a device for producing voluminous fiber layer with a fiber portion predominantly oriented perpendicular to the layer plane to accomplish.
  • the device consists of a section for feeding a fiber layer such as fiber web, non-woven fabric, fiber ribbon or knitted fabric, a compression section for compressing and forming the fiber layer and a section for discharging the fiber layer.
  • the feed section contains two walls inclined at an angle of 25 ° to 60 °, formed by a metal plate or a system of longitudinally arranged rods or tubes.
  • the one wall of the feed section advantageously consists of a system of wires arranged in parallel and simultaneously forming a wall of the discharge section.
  • the upsetting section expediently contains a forming element in the form of a strip which is provided with tips on its working surface and can be assigned to a compression strip which works synchronously with it.
  • the forming element can be formed by a system of mandrels or wires held on a rotatable cylinder.
  • the main advantage of the device according to the invention lies in the fact that it enables the production of a voluminous fiber layer made of fiber pile, nonwoven fabric, roving and flat textiles without a textile support base.
  • the device consists of a feed section, an upsetting section and a discharge section.
  • the feed section has two walls 6, 9 inclined relative to one another at an angle of approximately 60 ° and a chipper 2 with a needled working edge arranged in the gap opening and pivotable in the direction of the arrow.
  • the upsetting section consists of a conveyor belt 3, one on the circumference longitudinally corrugated roller 7, the central portion of the wall 6 and a compression bar 5.
  • the discharge section is formed by the conveyor belt 3 and a parallel upper boundary wall 6, which in this embodiment is designed as a bent portion of the inclined wall 6.
  • the fiber web fed to the device is processed in such a way that the chopper 2 and the compression bar 5 vibrate synchronously with one another. If the vibrating chipper 2 is in the lower dead position, the then also curved arcuate compression bar 5 is pulled off the roller 7 and vice versa.
  • the fiber web supplied directly by the card is inserted from above between the walls 6 and 9 and removed by the chipper 2 onto the conveyor belt 3, where it is formed into a folded fiber layer 4 between the conveyor belt 3 and the wall 6.
  • the meltable fiber layer 4 containing fibers is then conveyed into a hot air system 8 and solidified there.
  • FIG. 2 differs from the device of FIG. 1 only in that the lower portion of the wall 9 follows the circular path of circumferential arcuate compression mandrels 18 and the wall 6 as a grate from z. B. steel wires is formed, through which the held on the roller 7 compression mandrels 18 can pass.
  • the fiber layer supplied (z. B. a transversely layered nonwoven) is detected when slipping on the wall 9 by the compression mandrels 18 and into which the conveyor belt 3, the hot air system 8 and the exit portion of the wall 6, respectively. of Rostes comprehensive discharge section of the device promoted.
  • the connection of the structure in the longitudinal direction is increased by the currently vibrating compression bar 5 with puncture needles, which is aligned parallel to the conveyor belt 3 and carries out reciprocating movements in the direction of the arrow, the timing of which is coordinated with the number of compression mandrels 18 and the speed of the roller 7 is.
  • the fiber pile supplied by the card containing 75% polyester cut fibers and 25% polypropylene binder fibers and having a basis weight of 10 g / m2, is conveyed between the walls 6 and 9 of the feed section of the device.
  • the vibrating chopper 2 folds the fibrous web on the conveyor belt 3 into the form of a fiber layer with an adjustable fold height, the folds being pressed together by the compression strip 5.
  • the fiber layer is transported on the conveyor belt 3 into the hot air system 8 and solidified there.
  • the textile fabric produced in this way has excellent compressive strength, recovery capacity even after prolonged exposure and good thermal insulation properties. It is suitable as a heat-insulating material or lining material for the upholstery industry.
  • FIG. 3 shows a variant of the device shown in FIG. 1, which in its feed and compression section only has the chipper 2 - ie no compression strip.
  • the movement of the fiber layer 4 is carried out here by the conveyor belt 3.
  • the upsetting section of the variant according to FIG. 4 contains only the curved bar 5 without the chipper.
  • the working surface of the compression bar 5 is provided with tooth-like projections 10. These serve to convert the relevant fiber sections into the position parallel to the plane of the fabric in order to solidify them in this direction.
  • FIG. 8 shows a compression strip 5 (see also FIGS. 1 and 2) with adjustable puncture needles 11. By penetrating these needles into the fiber layer formed, the structure is better consolidated in the horizontal direction.
  • a thread system with a proportion of thermoplastic binding fibers is fed into the gaps of the chopper 2 at intervals of 10 mm under a mechanical tension of 0.1 N per thread.
  • the individual puncture needles 12 are mounted so that they can move back and forth in holes in the compression bar 5, which is shown in FIG. 7.
  • the needles 12 are coupled to a device, not shown, which gives them a movement synchronized with the movement of the compression bar 5. The synchronization These movements are carried out so that the needles are pushed out in the working position of the bar 5, while they are pushed into the holes when the bar 5 is removed from the fiber material.
  • Fig. 8 shows a discharge section of the device, which consists of a pair of sieve conveyors 13, 3.
  • the discharge section shown in Fig. 9 consists of the sieve conveyor 3 and the lower portion of the wall 6, respectively. a metal plate.
  • FIG. 10 shows the wall 6, the lower section of which fulfills the function of the discharge section and is formed from a system of wires arranged in parallel.
  • the discharge section has a separate upper wall 14, which is formed by a system of cooling tubes running in parallel with cooling liquid flowing therein.
  • the wall opens into a heated zone with a grid with holes or slots.
  • the wall 6 consists of a system of wires, which at its leading edge is provided with a system of smooth needles 15 which are arranged in a row and which enclose the angle of 60 ° with the horizontal plane. These needles 15 are intended for removing the fiber layer from the puncture needles 11 when the compression strip 5 moves back.
  • the wall 6 interacts with a series of smooth needles 16 held in a bar 17.
  • the bar 17 is a way from a device, not shown and movement is issued so that the needles 16 in the lower end position of the bar pass through the wall 6 into the discharge or compression space.
  • the back and forth movement of the bar 17 is synchronized with the similar movement of the compression bar 5 so that the needles 16 penetrate into the delivery space during the striking phase of the bar 5.
  • the needles 16 thus perform the function of a counterhold.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus for making voluminous, heat and sound insulating sheet materials for the textile, clothing and furniture industry, comprising means (6, 9) for feeding in a fibre layer to be processed, periodically moving elements (2, 5) for forming and compressing this layer, and discharge means (3). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von voluminösen Faserschichten mit einem zur Schichtebene überwiegend senkrecht orientierten Faseranteil.The invention relates to a device for producing voluminous fiber layers with a fiber portion predominantly oriented perpendicularly to the layer plane.

Verschiedene Industriezweige benötigen für Produkte, wie beispielsweise wärmeisolierende Futterstoffe für Beklei­dungsstücke, Decken, Schlafsäcke, Polstermöbel, wärme- und schallisolierende Bauteile od. dgl., voluminöse Faser­materialien, die nach Zusammendrücken bei der Benutzung zurückfedern und ihre ursprüngliche Form wieder annehmen. Für diesen Zweck werden verschiedene Arten von Textilver­bundstoffen eingesetzt, die entweder durch mechanisches Aufeinanderschichten einzelner Faserflore bzw. Faservliese oder pneumatisch gefertigte Wirrvliese hergestellt werden.Various branches of industry require voluminous fiber materials for products such as, for example, heat-insulating linings for clothing, blankets, sleeping bags, upholstered furniture, heat and sound-insulating components or the like, which spring back when compressed and return to their original shape. For this purpose, various types of textile composites are used, which are produced either by mechanically stacking individual fiber webs or nonwovens or pneumatically produced random nonwovens.

Der Zusammenhalt der Schichten erfolgt meist durch aufge­sprühte Dispersionsbindemittel oder durch thermoplastische Bindefasern und in einigen Fällen auch durch Verarbeiten in Vernadelungsmaschinen. Beim Vernadeln wird ein Faser­anteil in Vertikalrichtung ausgerichtet und gleichzeitig wird die Faservliesschicht verdichtet, so daß die Dicke und somit auch das Wärmeisoliervermögen des erhaltenen Flächengebildes erheblich abnimmt. Die Voluminösität des Flächengebildes bleibt erhalten, wenn die Faserschicht aus einem kräuselförmig gelegten Faserflor besteht, in dem der in die zur Schichtebene senkrechte Richtung orien­tierte Faseranteil überwiegt.The layers are mostly held together by sprayed-on dispersion binders or by thermoplastic binding fibers and in some cases also by processing in needling machines. When needling, a fiber portion is aligned in the vertical direction and at the same time the fiber fleece layer is compressed, so that the thickness and thus the heat insulation capacity of the fabric obtained decreases considerably. The volume of the flat structure is maintained if the fiber layer consists of a crimp-shaped fiber web in which the fiber portion oriented in the direction perpendicular to the layer plane predominates.

Es sind auch verschiedene Vorrichtungen bekannt, mit denen eine Faserschicht kräuselförmig gefaltet wird. Nach der US-PS 2 638 960 werden Falten im Faservlies mit Hilfe von Backen und einem erhitzten Messer gebildet und in eine mit thermoplastischem Bindemittel versehene Unterlage ein­gepreßt.Various devices are also known with which a fiber layer is folded in a crimp-like manner. According to US Pat. No. 2,638,960, folds are formed in the nonwoven fabric with the help of jaws and a heated knife and pressed into a base provided with a thermoplastic binder.

Bei der Vorrichtung nach der US-PS 2 626 883 wird zur Kräu­sel- bzw. Faltenbildung das Faservlies in eine Verzahnung einer großen Trommel eingepreßt und mit einem Traggewege durch Bindemittelauftrag verbunden.In the device according to US Pat. No. 2,626,883, the nonwoven fabric is pressed into a toothing of a large drum in order to form crimps or folds and is connected to a support web by application of a binder.

Aus der CS-PS 87 556 ist eine Vorrichtung bekannt, in der ein Faservlies mit Hilfe eines schwenkbaren Messerpaares abwechselnd gefaltet und in ein Unterlagsgewebe nach Auf­tragen eines adhäsiv wirkenden Bindemittels eingepreßt wird.From CS-PS 87 556 a device is known in which a nonwoven fabric is alternately folded with the aid of a pivotable pair of knives and pressed into a backing fabric after application of an adhesive binder.

Alle bekannte Stauch-Faltverfahren und -vorrichtungen sind nur in solchen Fällen anwendbar, in denen das Flächenge­bilde unmittelbar mit einer Tragunterlage verbunden wird. Diese Produkte eignen sich jedoch nicht zur Herstellung von voluminösen, wärme- und schallisolierenden Faserwerk­stoffen, d. h. ohne Deck- bzw. Unterlagsschicht.All known upset folding methods and devices are applicable only in cases where the fabric is directly connected to a support. However, these products are not suitable for the production of voluminous, heat and sound insulating fiber materials, ie without a top or underlayer.

Eine Vorrichtung zum Bilden verdichteter Falten von Faser­vlies aus Krempel gemäß der CS-OS 235 494 enthält eine Nadeltrommel, eine Platte und einen Körper, die einen Spalt bilden, in welchen eine Abnahmeleiste (Hacker) hineinragt. Diese faltet dann das Faservlies resp. den Faserflor wellen­artig. Das so entstehende Gebilde muß entweder durch Im­prägnieren mit einem Bindemittel oder durch Aufkleben auf eine Tragschicht verfestigt werden. Die Faserschicht kann auch in einem nachfolgenden Nähwirkprozeß mit oder ohne Bindefäden verfestigt werden. Die in einer solchen Vorrich­tung hergestellten Faserschichten weisen somit einen be­trächtlichen Anteil von zur Ebene des Flächengebildes senk­recht orientierten Fasern auf, müssen jedoch wegen mangeln­der Zusammenhaltkraft mechanisch oder mit Hilfe von Binde­mitteln verfestigt werden. Infolgedessen kommt es in beiden Fällen zur Abflachung des ganzen Gebildes und zu einer Rückkehr der Faserorientation in die ursprünglich flache Ausrichtung, was eine beträchtliche Verminderung der Dicke und des Volumengewichts des Gebildes sowie eine Beeinträch­tigung der angestrebten Eigenschaften, wie z. B. das Wärme­isoliervermögen, zur Folge hat.A device for forming compressed folds of nonwoven from carding according to CS-OS 235 494 contains a needle drum, a plate and a body which form a gap into which a removal bar (chipper) protrudes. This then folds the nonwoven, respectively. the fibrous web wavy. The resulting structure must be solidified either by impregnation with a binder or by sticking to a base layer. The fiber layer can also be consolidated in a subsequent sewing process with or without binding threads. The fiber layers produced in such a device thus have a considerable proportion of fibers oriented perpendicularly to the plane of the fabric, but must be consolidated mechanically or with the aid of binders because of a lack of cohesion. As a result, flattening of the entire structure and a return of the fiber orientation to the originally flat orientation occur in both cases, which leads to a considerable reduction in the thickness and volume weight of the structure and an impairment of the desired properties, such as e.g. B. the heat insulation, has the consequence.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Nachteile des Standes der Technik zu eliminieren und eine Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von voluminöser Faserschicht mit einem zur Schichtebene überwiegend senkrecht orientierten Faseranteil zu schaffen.The invention has for its object to eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art and a device for producing voluminous fiber layer with a fiber portion predominantly oriented perpendicular to the layer plane to accomplish.

Erfindungsgemäß besteht die Vorrichtung aus einer Sektion zum Zuführen einer Faserschicht wie Faserflor, Faservlies, Faserband oder Gestrick, aus einer Stauchsektion zum Ver­dichten und Formieren der Faserschicht und einer Sektion zum Austragen der Faserschicht. Die Zuführungssektion ent­hält zwei gegeneinander unter einem Winkel von 25° bis 60° geneigte, durch eine Metallplatte oder ein System von längs angeordneten Stangen bzw. Röhren gebildete Wände.According to the invention, the device consists of a section for feeding a fiber layer such as fiber web, non-woven fabric, fiber ribbon or knitted fabric, a compression section for compressing and forming the fiber layer and a section for discharging the fiber layer. The feed section contains two walls inclined at an angle of 25 ° to 60 °, formed by a metal plate or a system of longitudinally arranged rods or tubes.

Vorteilhaft besteht die eine Wand der Zuführungssektion aus einem System von parallel angeordneten, gleichzeitig eine Wand der Austragssektion bildenden Drähten. Die Stauch­sektion enthält zweckmäßig ein Formierelement in Form einer Leiste, die an ihrer Arbeitsfläche mit Spitzen versehen ist und einer mit ihr synchron arbeitenden Stauchleiste zugeordnet sein kann. Nach einer weiteren Variante kann das Formierelement durch ein System von auf einem dreh­baren Zylinder festgehaltenen Dornen bzw. Drähten gebildet sein.The one wall of the feed section advantageously consists of a system of wires arranged in parallel and simultaneously forming a wall of the discharge section. The upsetting section expediently contains a forming element in the form of a strip which is provided with tips on its working surface and can be assigned to a compression strip which works synchronously with it. According to a further variant, the forming element can be formed by a system of mandrels or wires held on a rotatable cylinder.

Der Hauptvorteil der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung liegt darin, daß sie die Herstellung einer voluminösen Faser­schicht aus Faserflor, Faservlies, Vorgarn sowie flachen Textilien ohne textile Stützunterlage ermöglicht.The main advantage of the device according to the invention lies in the fact that it enables the production of a voluminous fiber layer made of fiber pile, nonwoven fabric, roving and flat textiles without a textile support base.

Einige bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung werden im folgenden anhand der schematischen Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht der Vorrichtung;
  • Fig. 2 eine Variante der Vorrichtung;
  • Fig. 3 die Vorrichtung mit einem Hacker;
  • Fig. 4 die Vorrichtung mit einer Leiste;
  • Fig. 5 die Leiste mit Vorsprüngen;
  • Fig. 6 die Stauchleiste mit Einstichnadeln;
  • Fig. 7 ein System von Einstichnadeln;
  • Fig. 8 eine Ablieferungssektion aus Siebförderern;
  • Fig. 9 eine Variante der Ablieferungssektion;
  • Fig. 10 die Austragssektion aus einem System von parallel angeordneten Drähten;
  • Fig. 11 die Austragssektion mit einer Metallplatte; und
  • Fig. 12 eine weitere Variante der Austragssektion.
Some preferred exemplary embodiments of the device according to the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the schematic drawing. Show it:
  • Figure 1 is a side view of the device.
  • 2 shows a variant of the device;
  • 3 shows the device with a hacker;
  • Figure 4 shows the device with a bar.
  • Figure 5 shows the bar with projections.
  • 6 shows the upsetting ledge with puncture needles;
  • 7 shows a system of puncture needles;
  • 8 shows a delivery section from screen conveyors;
  • 9 shows a variant of the delivery section;
  • 10 shows the discharge section from a system of wires arranged in parallel;
  • 11 shows the discharge section with a metal plate; and
  • 12 shows a further variant of the discharge section.

Wie aus Fig. 1 ersichtlich, besteht die Vorrichtung aus einer Zuführsektion, einer Stauchsektion und einer Austrags­sektion. Die Zuführsektion weist zwei gegeneinander unter dem Winkel von ca. 60° geneigte Wände 6, 9 und einen in deren Spaltöffnung angeordneten in Pfeilrichtung schwenk­baren Hacker 2 mit benadelter Arbeitskante auf. Die Stauch­sektion besteht aus einem Förderband 3, einer am Umfang längsgeriffelten Walze 7, dem mittleren Abschnitt der Wand 6 und einer Stauchleiste 5. Die Austragssektion ist durch das Förderband 3 und eine parallele obere Begrenzungswand 6 gebildet, die bei dieser Ausführung als umgebogener Ab­schnitt der geneigten Wand 6 ausgebildet ist.As can be seen from FIG. 1, the device consists of a feed section, an upsetting section and a discharge section. The feed section has two walls 6, 9 inclined relative to one another at an angle of approximately 60 ° and a chipper 2 with a needled working edge arranged in the gap opening and pivotable in the direction of the arrow. The upsetting section consists of a conveyor belt 3, one on the circumference longitudinally corrugated roller 7, the central portion of the wall 6 and a compression bar 5. The discharge section is formed by the conveyor belt 3 and a parallel upper boundary wall 6, which in this embodiment is designed as a bent portion of the inclined wall 6.

Der der Vorrichtung zugeführte Faserflor wird so bearbeitet, daß der Hacker 2 und die Stauchleiste 5 synchron miteinander vibrieren. Befindet sich der schwingende Hacker 2 in der unteren Totlage, ist die dann ebenfalls schwingende bogen­förmige Stauchleiste 5 von der Walze 7 abgezogen und vice versa. Der der Vorrichtung unmittelbar von der Krempel gelieferte Faserflor wird von oben zwischen die Wände 6 und 9 eingeführt und vom Hacker 2 auf das Förderband 3 abgenommen und dort zu einer gefalteten Faserschicht 4 zwischen dem Förderband 3 und der Wand 6 formiert. Die schmelzbare, Fasern enthaltende Faserschicht 4 wird an­schließend in eine Heißluftanlage 8 gefördert und dort verfestigt.The fiber web fed to the device is processed in such a way that the chopper 2 and the compression bar 5 vibrate synchronously with one another. If the vibrating chipper 2 is in the lower dead position, the then also curved arcuate compression bar 5 is pulled off the roller 7 and vice versa. The fiber web supplied directly by the card is inserted from above between the walls 6 and 9 and removed by the chipper 2 onto the conveyor belt 3, where it is formed into a folded fiber layer 4 between the conveyor belt 3 and the wall 6. The meltable fiber layer 4 containing fibers is then conveyed into a hot air system 8 and solidified there.

Die Ausführung nach Fig. 2 unterscheidet sich von der Vor­richtung nach Fig. 1 nur darin, daß der untere Abschnitt der Wand 9 der kreisförmigen Bahn von umlaufenden bogen­förmigen Stauchdornen 18 folgt und die Wand 6 als Rost aus z. B. Stahldrähten ausgebildet ist, durch welchen die an der Walze 7 festgehaltenen Stauchdorne 18 hindurchgehen können.The embodiment of FIG. 2 differs from the device of FIG. 1 only in that the lower portion of the wall 9 follows the circular path of circumferential arcuate compression mandrels 18 and the wall 6 as a grate from z. B. steel wires is formed, through which the held on the roller 7 compression mandrels 18 can pass.

Die zugeführte Faserschicht (z. B. ein quer geschichtetes Vlies) wird beim Abrutschen an der Wand 9 von den Stauch­dornen 18 erfaßt und in die das Förderband 3, die Heißluft­anlage 8 und den Ausgangsabschnitt der Wand 6 resp. des Rostes umfassende Austragssektion der Vorrichtung gefördert. Die Verbindung des Gebildes in Längsrichtung wird durch die hier gerade vibrierende Stauchleiste 5 mit Einstich­nadeln gesteigert, die parallel zum Förderband 3 ausge­richtet ist und hin- und hergehende Bewegungen in Pfeil­richtung ausführt, deren Takt mit der Anzahl der Stauchdorne 18 und der Drehzahl der Walze 7 abgestimmt ist.The fiber layer supplied (z. B. a transversely layered nonwoven) is detected when slipping on the wall 9 by the compression mandrels 18 and into which the conveyor belt 3, the hot air system 8 and the exit portion of the wall 6, respectively. of Rostes comprehensive discharge section of the device promoted. The connection of the structure in the longitudinal direction is increased by the currently vibrating compression bar 5 with puncture needles, which is aligned parallel to the conveyor belt 3 and carries out reciprocating movements in the direction of the arrow, the timing of which is coordinated with the number of compression mandrels 18 and the speed of the roller 7 is.

Nach einem Anwendungsbeispiel der erfindungsgemäßen Vor­richtung wird der von der Krempel gelieferte, 75 % Poly­esterschnittfasern und 25 % Polypropylen-Bindefasern ent­haltende Faserflor von 10 g/m² Flächengewicht zwischen die Wände 6 und 9 der Zuführungssektion der Vorrichtung gefördert. Durch den vibrierenden Hacker 2 wird der Faser­flor auf dem Förderband 3 in die Form einer Faserschicht mit regelbarer Faltenhöhe gefaltet, wobei die Falten von der Stauchleiste 5 zusammengepreßt werden. Die Faserschicht wird auf dem Förderband 3 in die Heißluftanlage 8 transpor­tiert und dort verfestigt.According to an example of application of the device according to the invention, the fiber pile supplied by the card, containing 75% polyester cut fibers and 25% polypropylene binder fibers and having a basis weight of 10 g / m², is conveyed between the walls 6 and 9 of the feed section of the device. The vibrating chopper 2 folds the fibrous web on the conveyor belt 3 into the form of a fiber layer with an adjustable fold height, the folds being pressed together by the compression strip 5. The fiber layer is transported on the conveyor belt 3 into the hot air system 8 and solidified there.

Das derart hergestellte textile Flächengebilde weist eine vorzügliche Stauchfestigkeit, ein Erholungsvermögen auch nach langdauernder Belastung und gute Wärmeisolationsei­genschaften auf. Es eignet sich als wärmeisolierendes Ma­terial oder Futterstoff für die Polsterindustrie.The textile fabric produced in this way has excellent compressive strength, recovery capacity even after prolonged exposure and good thermal insulation properties. It is suitable as a heat-insulating material or lining material for the upholstery industry.

Fig. 3 zeigt eine Variante der in Fig. 1 dargestellten Vorrichtung, die in ihrer Zuführungs- und Stauchsektion lediglich den Hacker 2 - d. h. keine Stauchleiste - auf­weist. Die Bewegung der Faserschicht 4 wird hier vom För­derband 3 besorgt.FIG. 3 shows a variant of the device shown in FIG. 1, which in its feed and compression section only has the chipper 2 - ie no compression strip. The movement of the fiber layer 4 is carried out here by the conveyor belt 3.

Die Stauchsektion der Variante nach Fig. 4 enthält nur die bogenförmige Leiste 5 ohne den Hacker.The upsetting section of the variant according to FIG. 4 contains only the curved bar 5 without the chipper.

Wie aus Fig. 5 ersichtlich, ist bei der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1 die Arbeitsfläche der Stauchleiste 5 mit zahnartigen Vorsprüngen 10 versehen. Diese dienen zum Umstellen der betreffenden Faserabschnitte in die zur Ebene des Flächen­gebildes parallele Lage zwecks dessen Verfestigung in die­ser Richtung.As can be seen from FIG. 5, in the device according to FIG. 1 the working surface of the compression bar 5 is provided with tooth-like projections 10. These serve to convert the relevant fiber sections into the position parallel to the plane of the fabric in order to solidify them in this direction.

Fig. 8 zeigt eine Stauchleiste 5 (siehe auch Fig. 1 und 2), mit einstellbar angeordneten Einstichnadeln 11. Durch Ein­dringen dieser Nadeln in die gebildete Faserschicht kommt es zu einer besseren Verfestigung des Gebildes in Horizon­talrichtung.FIG. 8 shows a compression strip 5 (see also FIGS. 1 and 2) with adjustable puncture needles 11. By penetrating these needles into the fiber layer formed, the structure is better consolidated in the horizontal direction.

Nach einer anderen Variante wird in den Lücken des Hackers 2 in Abständen von je 10 mm unter einer mechanischen Span­nung von 0,1 N pro Faden ein Fadensystem mit einem Anteil von thermoplastischen Bindefasern zugeführt. Nach der Ver­dichtung des Faserflors in die Form von senkrecht geschich­teten Vliesfalten und nach dem Durchlauf durch die Heiß­luftanlage - um Adhäsion hervorzurufen - steigt die Längs­festigkeit des voluminösen textilen Flächengebildes erheb­lich an.According to another variant, a thread system with a proportion of thermoplastic binding fibers is fed into the gaps of the chopper 2 at intervals of 10 mm under a mechanical tension of 0.1 N per thread. After the fibrous web has been compressed into the form of vertically layered fleece folds and after it has passed through the hot air system - to produce adhesion - the longitudinal strength of the voluminous textile fabric increases considerably.

Bei der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 1 und 2 sind die einzelnen Einstichnadeln 12 in Löchern der Stauchleiste 5 hin- und herbeweglich gelagert, was in Fig. 7 dargestellt ist. Die Nadeln 12 sind mit einer nicht dargestellten Einrichtung gekoppelt, die ihnen eine mit der Bewegung der Stauchleiste 5 synchronisierte Bewegung erteilt. Die Synchronisierung dieser Bewegungen wird so vorgenommen, daß die Nadeln in der Arbeitslage der Leiste 5 ausgeschoben sind, während sie beim Entfernen der Leiste 5 vom Fasermaterial in die Löcher hineingeschoben werden.In the device according to FIGS. 1 and 2, the individual puncture needles 12 are mounted so that they can move back and forth in holes in the compression bar 5, which is shown in FIG. 7. The needles 12 are coupled to a device, not shown, which gives them a movement synchronized with the movement of the compression bar 5. The synchronization These movements are carried out so that the needles are pushed out in the working position of the bar 5, while they are pushed into the holes when the bar 5 is removed from the fiber material.

Fig. 8 zeigt eine Austragssektion der Vorrichtung, die aus einem Paar von Siebförderern 13, 3 besteht.Fig. 8 shows a discharge section of the device, which consists of a pair of sieve conveyors 13, 3.

Die in Fig. 9 dargestellte Austragssektion besteht aus dem Siebförderer 3 und dem unteren Abschnitt der Wand 6 resp. einer Metallplatte.The discharge section shown in Fig. 9 consists of the sieve conveyor 3 and the lower portion of the wall 6, respectively. a metal plate.

Fig. 10 zeigt die Wand 6, deren unterer Abschnitt die Funk­tion der Austragssektion erfüllt und aus einem System von parallel angeordneten Drähten gebildet ist.10 shows the wall 6, the lower section of which fulfills the function of the discharge section and is formed from a system of wires arranged in parallel.

Nach Fig. 11 weist die Austragssektion eine gesonderte obere Wand 14 auf, die durch ein System von parallel laufenden Kühlrören mit darin fließender Kühlflüssigkeit gebildet ist. Die Wand mündet in eine erhitzte Zone mit einem Rost mit Löchern bzw. Schlitzen.11, the discharge section has a separate upper wall 14, which is formed by a system of cooling tubes running in parallel with cooling liquid flowing therein. The wall opens into a heated zone with a grid with holes or slots.

Gemäß Fig. 12 besteht die Wand 6 aus einem System von Dräh­ten, welche an ihrer Anlaufkante mit einem System von glatten, in Reihe angeordneten und mit der Horizontal­ebene den Winkel von 60° einschließenden Nadeln 15 ver­sehen ist. Diese Nadeln 15 sind zum Abnehmen der Faser­schicht von den Einstichnadeln 11 bei der Rückbewegung der Stauchleiste 5 bestimmt. Darüber hinaus wirkt bei dieser Variante die Wand 6 mit einer Reihe von glatten, in einer Barre 17 festgehaltenen Nadeln 16 zusammen. Der Barre 17 wird von einer nicht dargestellten Einrichtung eine Hin­ und Herbewegung erteilt, so daß die Nadeln 16 in der unteren Endlage der Barre durch die Wand 6 in den Austrags- bzw. Stauchraum hindurchgehen. Die Hin- und Herbewegung der Barre 17 ist mit der ähnlichen Bewegung der Stauchleiste 5 so synchronisiert, daß die Nadeln 16 während der An­schlagsphase der Leiste 5 in den Ablieferungsraum ein­dringen. Die Nadeln 16 üben somit die Funktion eines Gegen­halters aus.According to FIG. 12, the wall 6 consists of a system of wires, which at its leading edge is provided with a system of smooth needles 15 which are arranged in a row and which enclose the angle of 60 ° with the horizontal plane. These needles 15 are intended for removing the fiber layer from the puncture needles 11 when the compression strip 5 moves back. In addition, in this variant, the wall 6 interacts with a series of smooth needles 16 held in a bar 17. The bar 17 is a way from a device, not shown and movement is issued so that the needles 16 in the lower end position of the bar pass through the wall 6 into the discharge or compression space. The back and forth movement of the bar 17 is synchronized with the similar movement of the compression bar 5 so that the needles 16 penetrate into the delivery space during the striking phase of the bar 5. The needles 16 thus perform the function of a counterhold.

Claims (9)

1. Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von voluminösen Faserschichten mit einem zur Schichtebene überwiegend senkrecht orien­tierten Faseranteil, bestehend aus einer Sektion zum Zuführen einer Faserschicht, wie Faserflor, Faservlies, Faserband, Gestrick, aus Elementen zum Formieren und Verdichten der Faserschicht und aus einer Sektion zum Austragen der formierten Faserschicht,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Zuführsektion zwei gegeneinander unter einem Winkel von 25° bis 60° geneigte, durch Metallplatten oder ein System von längs angeordneten Stangen bzw. Röhren gebildete Wände (6, 9) aufweist, die Formierele­mente (2, 5, 7) unter dem Endspalt der Wände (6, 9) angeordnet sind und ggf. mit einer synchron arbeitenden Stauchleiste (5) zusammenwirkende Dorne oder Drähte enthalten und die Austragssektion (14) einen Band- bzw. Siebförderer (3) mit einer Andrückeinrichtung aufweist.1.Device for producing voluminous fiber layers with a fiber portion predominantly oriented perpendicularly to the layer plane, consisting of a section for feeding a fiber layer, such as fibrous web, nonwoven fabric, fiber ribbon, knitted fabric, elements for forming and compacting the fiber layer and a section for discharging the formed fiber layer,
characterized,
that the feed section has two walls (6, 9) inclined at an angle of 25 ° to 60 °, formed by metal plates or a system of longitudinally arranged rods or tubes, the forming elements (2, 5, 7) under the end gap of the Walls (6, 9) are arranged and possibly contain mandrels or wires interacting with a synchronously working upsetting bar (5) and the discharge section (14) has a belt or screen conveyor (3) with a pressing device. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die eine Wand (6) der Zuführsektion durch ein System von parallel laufenden Drähten gebildet ist, die gleich­zeitig die in eine Bindeanlage mündende Wand der Aus­tragssektion darstellen.2. Device according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the one wall (6) of the feed section by a system is formed by parallel wires, which also represent the wall of the discharge section opening into a binding system. 3. Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Austragssektion an der ortsfesten Seite mit einem System von Nadeln (15) versehen ist.3. Device according to claims 1 and 2,
characterized,
that the discharge section is provided on the fixed side with a system of needles (15). 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Arbeitsfläche der Stauchleiste (5) mit Vor­sprüngen (10) oder Einstichnadeln (11; 12) versehen ist.4. The device according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the working surface of the upsetting ledge (5) is provided with projections (10) or puncture needles (11; 12). 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß ein System von Einstichnadeln (12) in der Stauch­leiste (5) hin- und herbeweglich gelagert und mit einer Einrichtung zum Erteilen einer synchronisierten Hin­und Herbewegung gegenüber der Leiste (2) gekoppelt ist.5. The device according to claim 1,
characterized,
that a system of puncture needles (12) is mounted in the upsetting bar (5) so as to be able to move back and forth and is coupled to a device for giving a synchronized back and forth movement relative to the bar (2). 6. Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 1, 2 und 3,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß oberhalb der ortsfesten Seite der Austragssektion eine vertikal oder schräg hin- und herbewegliche Barre (17) vorgesehen ist, die mit einer Reihe von in ihrer unteren Endlage durch die Drähte der Wand (6) hindurch­gehenden Nadeln (16) versehen ist, wobei diese Bewegung mit der Bewegung der Stauchleiste (5) synchronisiert ist.6. Device according to claims 1, 2 and 3,
characterized,
that above the fixed side of the discharge section a vertically or diagonally reciprocating bar (17) is provided, which is provided with a series of needles (16) passing through the wires of the wall (6) in their lower end position, this movement is synchronized with the movement of the compression bar (5). 7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Austragssektion einen Siebförderer (3) zum Lie­fern der Faserschicht in eine Heißluftanlage (8) auf­weist, wobei die obere Andrückeinrichtung der gefalteten Faserschicht durch einen weiteren Siebförderer (13) oder eine Walze (7) gebildet ist.7. The device according to claim 1,
characterized,
that the discharge section has a screen conveyor (3) for delivering the fiber layer to a hot air system (8), the upper pressing device of the folded fiber layer being formed by a further screen conveyor (13) or a roller (7). 8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, die in eine kontinuierlich arbeitende Straße zwischen einem Vliesbildner, wie z. B. einer Walzenkrempel, und einer Heißluftanlage mit horizontalem Förderer oder Sieb­trommeln eingebaut ist,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß an der Eingangsseite ein zusätzlicher Förderer für Faserflor resp. eine andere Faserschicht angeordnet ist, welcher mindestens 150 mm über dem Niveau des För­derbandes (3) in die Heißluftanlage mündet.8. Device according to one of claims 1 to 7, which in a continuously working road between a nonwoven such as. B. a roller card, and a hot air system with horizontal conveyor or sieve drums is installed,
characterized,
that on the input side an additional conveyor for fiber pile resp. another fiber layer is arranged, which opens into the hot air system at least 150 mm above the level of the conveyor belt (3). 9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß im Bereich des Austragsspalts der beiden trichter­förmig gegeneinander geneigten Wände (6, 9) eine drehan­getriebene Walze (7) mit profiliertem Mantel angeordnet ist, daß ein um eine Querachse hin- und herschwingender Hacker (2) mit seiner profilierten Arbeitsfläche in den Raum unterhalb des Austragsspalts der Wände (6, 9) im Wirkungsbereich des Walzenmantels hineinragt, daß die quer ausgerichtete Stauchleiste (5) mit dem Hacker (2) synchronisierte Hin- und Herbewegungen oberhalb und parallel zur Längsebene des Förderbands (3) ausführt und daß das oberhalb des Förderbands (3) vorgesehene Begrenzungselement eine Stauchzone für das gefaltete Fasergebilde (4) bildet.9. Device according to one of claims 1 to 8,
characterized,
that in the area of the discharge gap of the two funnel-shaped inclined walls (6, 9) a rotary drive roller (7) with a profiled jacket is arranged that a back and forth vibrating chipper (2) with its profiled working surface in the space below the Discharge gap of the walls (6, 9) protrudes in the area of action of the roller shell, that the transversely oriented compression strip (5) with the chopper (2) carries out synchronized back and forth movements above and parallel to the longitudinal plane of the conveyor belt (3) and that that above the conveyor belt (3) provided Limiting element forms a compression zone for the folded fiber structure (4).
EP89110617A 1988-06-13 1989-06-12 Apparatus for making voluminous fibre layers Expired - Lifetime EP0350627B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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CS4102/88 1988-06-13
CS884102A CS269300B1 (en) 1988-06-13 1988-06-13 Device for bulky fibrous layer production

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EP0350627B1 EP0350627B1 (en) 1994-09-14

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AT (1) ATE111538T1 (en)
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EP0516964A1 (en) * 1991-06-07 1992-12-09 INCOTEX statni podnik ekonomickoorganizacni ustav Process and device for producing nonwoven with vertical pile arrangement
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EP0498276A1 (en) * 1991-02-01 1992-08-12 Heraklith Holding Aktiengesellschaft Process and apparatus for manufacturing mineral fiber boards and manufactured mineral fiber boards
EP0516964A1 (en) * 1991-06-07 1992-12-09 INCOTEX statni podnik ekonomickoorganizacni ustav Process and device for producing nonwoven with vertical pile arrangement
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DE19722001A1 (en) * 1997-05-27 1998-12-03 Ake Innotech Automatisierung K Mat forming device
US6867156B1 (en) 1999-04-30 2005-03-15 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Materials having z-direction fibers and folds and method for producing same
US6588080B1 (en) 1999-04-30 2003-07-08 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Controlled loft and density nonwoven webs and method for producing
US6998164B2 (en) 1999-04-30 2006-02-14 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Controlled loft and density nonwoven webs and method for producing same
EP1065307A1 (en) * 1999-06-29 2001-01-03 I.N.T. Radko Krcma Manufacturing technology and equipment of vertically layered bulky textiles
US6635136B2 (en) 2000-03-30 2003-10-21 Kimberly-Clark Worldwide, Inc. Method for producing materials having z-direction fibers and folds
EP1853754A1 (en) * 2005-03-02 2007-11-14 V-Lap Pty. Ltd Textile lapping machine
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WO2007061300A1 (en) * 2005-08-22 2007-05-31 Design & Polymers Bv Oil absorbent blanket and method for manufacturing the same
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GB2498302A (en) * 2010-09-20 2013-07-10 John Cotton Group Ltd A padding layer
GB2498302B (en) * 2010-09-20 2015-05-06 John Cotton Group Ltd A padding layer
ITCO20110019A1 (en) * 2011-05-24 2012-11-25 Brebey Srl COMPONENT IN NON-WOVEN TEXTILE FIBERS AND RELATED METHOD AND MACHINE FOR ITS PRODUCTION
WO2012160547A1 (en) * 2011-05-24 2012-11-29 Brebey S.R.L. Component made of non-woven natural textile fibres, and method and machine for the production thereof
US11192327B2 (en) * 2017-07-03 2021-12-07 Axel Nickel Voluminous meltblown nonwoven fabric with improved stackability and storability

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DD287544A5 (en) 1991-02-28
CS269300B1 (en) 1990-04-11
EP0350627B1 (en) 1994-09-14
ATE111538T1 (en) 1994-09-15
DE58908348D1 (en) 1994-10-20
CS410288A1 (en) 1989-09-12
HUT58375A (en) 1992-02-28

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