DE4218234A1 - Process and machine for the production of thread-reinforced, consolidated nonwovens, and the consolidated nonwoven produced therewith - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a consolidated fleece with attached, mostly stretched threads,

• - With a large number of fibers per unit area loosely laid fiber layer, through the barbs of a large number of movable across the fleece Needles, are deflected across the fleece and
• - The threads by means of mesh-shaped connecting elements be connected to the fleece.

The invention also relates to a method manufactured, mechanically consolidated fleece with attached mostly stretched threads, which are knitted by means of elements are attached to the fleece.

The invention also relates to a machine for manufacturing a consolidated fleece according to the above Procedure, whereby the machine feeders for at least one group of threads and for at least one fleece, with mind at least one needle bar is equipped, the sliding needles carries and a trigger for the solidified Fleece has.

There are different ways of producing consolidated nonwovens Proceedings become known. The so-called needle machines (e.g. DE 35 42 151) have to solidify the fleece Needle bars with a large number arranged in one area barbed needles (so-called felting needles or Felt needles e.g. DE 28 48 408). The barbs of the needles are directed in the direction of the puncture.  

Move the needle bars called needle boards all needles across the fleece at the same time.

So-called are on the puncture side of the fleece Stripping means that have recesses for the needles. These knock-off agents remove the fleece from the needles.

On the cut-out side of the fleece are so-called counter neck arranged means that support the fleece against the Secure the stitch direction and have recesses in which Dip the needle tips temporarily.

The supply of reinforcing elements, such as warp threads or thread-like elements oriented in the weft direction is on Such machines are not common, because it is only with prak unacceptable disadvantages is realizable. Warp and weft threads must be on such machines between Two fleeces are inserted, which are then followed by Needles are connected to each other.

This technology-related form of linking Ver Strengthening elements on the fleece leaves only one application only for relatively strong fleeces too. Only in this case can the adhesion of transversely deflected fibers in the opposite guaranteed fleece with sufficient security will.

In addition, in this method, at least one of the merged fleeces in a separate operation pre-consolidate.

Another disadvantage is that, due to the very high penetration density depending on the inserted threads their nature and thereby their It is highly likely that strength will be significantly reduced becomes.

One therefore has stabilization with these technologies of the nonwoven product on the one hand by increasing the Degree of matting and on the other hand through the enlargement  the mass of the fleece ensures. It is permanent not economically viable.

For the reasons mentioned, one has for the production of nonwovens stabilized by threads in the past Warp knitting machines are used (e.g. DE 31 40 480, DE 35 39 379 and PLOCH "MALMO Sewing Technology" u. a. P. 135 ff, Fachbuchverlag Leipzig - 1980).

These warp knitting machines have, like the needle machines also, at least one needle bar, tee and counter stops medium, and feeds for at least one nonwoven layer, Feeders for weft shares and / or feeders for Standing threads, which are usually in the direction of the goods Machine run.

The needle bars of these machines are with a row of needles equipped, the like needles in the form of sliders have needles. These needles have barbs that are directed against the puncture direction.

For temporary locking of the hook space they have Needles so-called sliders or closing wires that one subject to separate, synchronized drive.

In the area of counter-holding agents, these needles are in one Barre arranged knitting yarn guides assigned to the Purpose of stitching each needle to stitch present the necessary thread.

These machines have the advantage that the ampl Guide threads defined in the area of the needles and with high security through mesh-like elements on the fleece can connect.

The machines work at high speed, i. i.e., with a high number of stitches per unit of time.

A disadvantage of these machines is that they are pre-consolidated Nonwovens or basic goods must be fed if one attach reinforcing threads to them at greater intervals want.  

The pre-consolidated nonwovens are usually on the Needle machines, which were described in the beginning poses.

The binding of the threads reinforcing the fleece must be in a second step. In between are in the As a rule, further storage and transport processes are required.

Because of this transport and the temporary storage of the Pre-consolidated fleece, which has a certain stability of the Such a way of working is only required limited to relatively strong fleeces.

On warp knitting machines, it is also known for hardening fiber fleece - saving thread material - through the hooks of the pusher needles, when returning them, Pull the tufts of fibers onto the right side of the fleece (Ploch: page 146).

These loop-shaped fiber mesh handles are used for applied to the needle shaft next time and over the subsequently formed fiber stitch handle knocked off.

Because the fibers from the, the puncture side against overlying surface of the fleece, across the fleece pulled and integrated in a stitch-like manner a relatively stable textile surface that resembles a knitted fabric is very similar.

With this technology, also known as Mali fleece technology, you already have it, between the right side of the fleece surface and the attached fiber mesh, weft the inserted.

Such stabilization is sufficient for some applications of a nonwoven fabric.

The incorporation of standing threads is in such machines theoretically also possible.  

However, this process requires that these standing threads between the wefts and the right fleece surface be introduced. That prepares for the arrangement of the Feeding elements and warp beams on the warp knitting machine considerable difficulties.

On the other hand, the fiber mesh must now both Overlap weft threads as well as the warp threads. you will be long undressed for this purpose.

This will u. U. their anchoring in the fleece weaker and the likelihood that they will break away from it significantly higher.

For the latter reason you have the in practice Mali fleece technology not used for this, including reinforcement tie threads.

Another disadvantage of this technology is that it too only the processing of relatively voluminous nonwovens is permitted. With this technique, the needling of the fleece is not required.

For strengthening nonwovens - especially very thin ones Fleeces - have so far, mainly for cost reasons, chemical and thermal processes prevailed.

In the chemical processes, non-woven hardening agent added, located at the intersection put the fibers under the action of cohesive forces settle and harden there.

It is not possible to remove these curing agents from the to keep other fiber parts away or to select afterwards tiv to remove. That is why the fleeces are so solidified stiff and unsuitable for many purposes. The absorbency, isolation, flexibility and many others Properties are only in with such consolidated nonwovens to a limited extent.  

In the thermal process one mixes the fleece u. a. easier to melt fibers or fabrics, which then Melting, melting at the intersections of the Put down fibers and other places and there at the next Solidify the cooling process. Even with these procedures the properties of the fleece with regard to absorbency insulation, insulation and flexibility influenced. Your area of application is limited.

The aim of the invention is also to make lighter nonwovens Maintaining the characteristic characteristic of textiles shafts, low-thread, and solidify with little effort gene.

The object of the invention is to avoid arbitrarily distributed curable, stabilizing Substances, with mechanical means, even with very thin ones Fleece a stabilizer adapted to the respective load case lization of the fleece and the solidified Manufacture nonwoven essentially in one operation.

The aim is to use a bonded nonwoven as possible great homogeneity in a large area mass range for different uses on one principle existing machine, such as warp knitting machine and / or Needle machine with easily realizable modifications to manufacture.

This object is defined by what is defined in claim 1 Procedure solved.

Because of the parallel and overlapping Carrying out stitch-forming and threadless nonwovens increasing operations become additional operations saved. In terms of cost, this is low  Level of chemical and thermal processes for fleece solidification almost reached and clear, additional positive effects with regard to environmental pollution possible.

The fact that transport and buffering processes for the pre-consolidated fleece can be omitted in one continuous process also very thin non-woven fabrics - right down to to be processed into fiber pile.

The properties of the nonwoven bonded according to the invention are opposed to those who chemically or thermally were significantly cheaper.

The thus consolidated, defined in claim 13 fleece with modifiable firmness lighter, softer, grip ger, more absorbent, insulating and better the respective Adaptable operating conditions.

The machine for performing the process is in An Proof 23 defined.

The arrangement of needles of different function a common bar allowed, in addition to saving successive operations and the necessary agile investments, by exchanging prepared ones Needle combinations a quick changeover of the machine on other items in a very wide range.

The design of the method according to claims 2 to 4 allows optimal use of stabilizing Thread material.

The modification of the method according to claim 5 and 6 enables light the manufacture of a textile product with a high Strength and low elongation in the warp direction in which the reinforcing standing thread is stretched by means of several Knitting threads is firmly anchored to the fleece.  

The implementation of the method according to claim 7 and 8 mini the thread count in the stabilized areas.

By the method of claim 9 shot or / and Warp threads on the consolidated fleece without the use of additional effective threads are added.

The resulting, usually somewhat thicker fleece, is used advantageously for geotextile purposes, at which the anchoring of warp and weft threads only up to Must be maintained.

The mutual connection of fleece and reinforcing threads is then determined by the mass of the earth secured.

Claims 10 to 12 represent the possibilities with which you can see the fleece between the areas that the tan serve threads, can solidify.

This solidification of the fleece in pushing and pulling Wise - combined in one work step - leads to one smooth fleece surface on the desired one or both Sides of the fleece.

It uses the effect of needling that where the Fibers for distraction by the fleece are detected, a smooth fleece surface is created.

The compaction of the fleece according to the principle of Malivlies (Claim 12) additionally leads to a knitted fabric Surface structure.

That defined in claim 13, according to the method manufactured textile fabrics, can by the in the Claims 14 to 22 defined forms modified who the. These modifications essentially serve to adapt solution of the solidified fleece to the individual load fall with optimal use of thread and the design for certain areas of application.  

The use of endless fibers as reinforcement threads avoids an optical disturbance on the surface Ensuring the desired strength.

Needling the nonwoven parts between the connection zones the reinforcing threads allows, especially in the combined application of the pushing and pulling Verna delns, a relatively high homogeneity of the fleece.

The embodiment according to claim 19 is usually chosen when one of the fleece surfaces has the character of a Should get knitted.

With the puncture of fiber parts through the fleece between connecting zones for the reinforcing threads you get a stable, plush-like shape with little effort Manufacture product.

When using relatively long-stacked nonwovens, you can also pull loop-like pole handles from the fleece and / or encounter that with the possible stabilization also for Floor coverings, ceilings and. Like. Can be used.

Especially for use on filters where single or multiple layers of consolidated fleece are used, or loose layers of fleece by secure fleece in its position, that will Basis weight of the fleece including the reinforcement threads preferably equal to or less than 30 g / qm ge chooses.

The machine for making these consolidated nonwovens According to the procedure outlined at the beginning, both can Needle machines, but with special advantages on chains knitting machines can be realized.  

The different combinations and arrangements of Needles and barbed needles - whichever Direction of work - is the subject of claims 24 to 26. It has proven useful to knit needles on warp machines depending on the degree of compaction required Fleece and according to the requirement to connect the Ver reinforcement threads and the design of the fleece surface to design differently.

The defined feeding and integration of the active, standing and weft threads on the one hand enables a stable connection to the fleece and the other is piercing it Avoid threads through the barbed needles.

When the fleece is compressed between the connections the reinforcement threads are made according to the Mali fleece principle it is expedient to in the needle slide or closing wires to arrange a common bar and drive with it. The use of different lengths of slide for the under different functions of the needles leads to one significant reduction in construction costs the stitch formation site.

Further claims describe the adaptation of the Invention machine according to the known feeder and positions for the fleece, the weft sheet and the Standing threads.

The invention will now be described with reference to exemplary embodiments play will be explained in more detail. In the associated The drawings show:

Fig. 1 shows an enlarged detail of the consolidated ver Vliesgewirke with stringless solidified regions and enrich with stabilize the filaments,

Fig. 2 shows a cross section through the bonded web in the with threads solidified portion with a fringe bond without filler thread,

Fig binding shown in Fig. 2. 3 Stehfa the left on the fabric side,

Fig. 4 shows the binding of FIG. 3 with an additional weft yarn on the left side of the fabric,

Fig. 5 shows the binding of FIG. 3 with weft yarns on the right side of the fabric,

Fig. 6 shows the binding of FIG. 2 with weft and standing threads on the right side of the fabric,

Fig. 7, the connection with weft yarns on the right side of the fabric by means of fiber mesh,

Fig. 8 shows the binding of FIG. 7 with additional stationary thread on the right side of the fabric,

Fig. 9 is a stringless consolidated nonwoven transversely by pulling or pushing the deflected fibers,

Fig's. 10 is a cross sectional view of the stringless verfestig te nonwoven with drawn from the web Faserma,

Fig. 11 is a partial view of a stabilized region in which the stationary thread on the left side of the mat be means of tricot weave is fastened,

Fig. 12 is a shipping with Polhenkeln on the left side Henes nonwoven,

FIG. 13 is a nonwoven with Polhenkeln on the right side of goods,

Fig. 14 wrap a web having mutually arranged Pol,

Fig. 15 shows a cross section through the mesh educational point of a stitch bonding machine with compound needles in the upper needle plane,

Fig. 16 shows the stitch forming region of a stitch-bonding machine - similar to FIG. 15 - with compound needles in the lower needle plane,

Fig. 17 shows the stitch forming region according to Fig. 16 fied with modi stationary thread feeder,

Fig. 18 is a schematic view of the needle bar from the side of the needle tips conveyor installations with the schematic allocation of knitting and Stehfadenfüh,

Fig. 19 is a schematic side view of Fig. 18 from the left;

Fig. 20 to 26 further variations in the manner of representation as in Figs. 18 and 19 with different angeord Neten needles.

The fleece 1 to be produced according to the invention is shown in FIG. 1 in a partial top view of the surface. It consists of alternately arranged areas 10 in the weft and warp directions, in which the fleece 1 is solidified without thread and narrow areas 20 , in which the fleece is solidified by means of thread-like elements, usually standing threads 3 and weft threads 4 .

These thread-like elements are bound to the fleece 1 by means of knitting threads 21 ( FIG. 1) placed in fringes.

The standing threads are underlaid in different directions with the sliding needles 51 on the left side of the fleece and are held on the fleece 1 by the sinker stitches 212 .

In the left section of the fleece 1 shown , the fleece is solidified by deflecting fibers 11 of the right side of the goods across the fleece.

This consolidation is sufficient to give these areas 10 a sufficiently strong textile structure. and to connect these areas 10 stably with the adjacent reinforced areas 20 .

To increase the tensile strength in the warp or weft direction, however, the adjacent areas 20 , the knitting threads, which include standing threads and weft threads.

The fleece-internal consolidation in these two areas 10 20 and the inclusion of the fibers that cross the borders in the consolidation is sufficient to ensure a stable connection between these areas.

In the right section of FIG. 1, the fleece 1 is consolidated in the threadlessly consolidated regions 10 by fiber mesh 12 .

These fiber meshes are produced in that there are sliding needles arranged, which capture fibers from the fleece 1 on the return stroke and on the right side of the goods in a manner known per se by application and knocking down maschenför mig.

This type of binding is preferably applicable to relatively thick nonwovens which are to have a knitted surface. With her, the weft threads that are fed on the right side of the goods are covered by the fiber loops. If you adjust the mesh structure of the Verfe areas 20 accordingly, then you have a consistently homogeneous surface structure.

In Figs. 2 to 6 show different Gestaltungsfor be men of web consolidation in the stabilizing regions 20 shown. For this purpose, reference is made to the respective description of the figures at the beginning of the description of the exemplary embodiment.

As a rule, the designer of a textile surface image, depending on the respective basic design of the machine, can combine the weft 4 and standing threads 3 to form the fleece 1 as required by the respective application.

FIGS. 7 and 8 show the binding of weft yarns and warp yarns 4 and floor 3 by means of fiber stitches 24th Such bonds in the areas 20 are expediently suitable for relatively strong geotextiles in which the stabilization and the connection of the stabilizing threads with the fleece 1 is ensured at the place of use by the applied earth masses.

The combination of a Vliesverfe shown in FIG. 10 stabilization with stabilizing elements according to FIGS . 3 to 6 allows the production of a knitted fabric, which u. U. can also be used for clothing.

The general strength is in essence Chen grid-like structure of the reinforcing elements gesi chert while the fiber meshes the surface structure determine. When using an appropriately thin standing and knitting thread can be an almost homogeneous knitted fabric surface are generated.  

If it is important to produce high strength with low elongation in the warp or weft direction, then it is advisable to add the standing threads 3 with a tricot weave according to FIG. 11. The standing thread 3 is inserted there in a completely stretched manner, delimited on the left by the sinker stitches 222 of the knitting thread 22 and on the right by the fibers of the fleece 1 . The fibers of the fleece 1 are bound on both sides of the standing thread by the needle stitches 221 of the wale from the knitting thread 22 and the additional securing knitting thread 23 , so that the standing thread 3 is fixed with high certainty even in the case of very thin fleeces 1 .

If we are talking about fleeces, then on the one hand we mean fleeces that also come from the card, card or other fleece former without paneling. On the other hand, the term fleece 1 also includes those fleeces which are brought to a considerable thickness by cross-paneling or layers of several thin fleeces or fiber tapes.

When using compressed fleeces on filters comes it depends on a relatively loose voluminous nonwoven an air or gas flow. The filter effect is usually the larger the larger the cavities are between the fibers. To fix the position of the filter in the air streams have previously been used wire mesh that were supplemented inside by layers of fabric.

The loose nonwoven masses were stored in between. Such filters are right because of the fabric used expensive and expensive, especially since the fabric layers in the Usually need to be replaced with the entire filter. The consumption of expensive tissue for these purposes is high. The manufactured according to the inventive method Product has properties that allow it with additional advantages instead of the fine-pored filter insert tissue.  

The costs for this are many times lower than for Use of fabrics.

Depending on the purpose of the filter, you can also several very thin nonwovens reinforced by threads in the Fan the filter level directly on top of each other.

The cavities created in between ensure at one high inherent stability of the fleece layers a very good one Filter effect in the smallest space.

With a corresponding choice of the distances between the reinforced areas 20 and the design of the threadless areas 10 , relatively thin, fabric-like textile surface structures can also be created, which are suitable for home textiles and even heavy-duty items of clothing.

By using very thin, silk-like reinforcements threads that are on the surface with the appropriate loading action are barely visible but are highly stabilizing The application has an effect on the fabric such nonwovens also for almost transparent fabrics for Suitable for clothing items.

The takeover of longitudinal and lateral stability by filiform elements and the restriction of the fleece consolidation for the purpose of mere bonding of the fleece due to the cross deflected fibers it is possible to extreme solidify tile and solidify the number of stitches per Reduce area unit.

From this it can be deduced that the number of needles, that have to penetrate the fleece per unit area, compared to the previous needle technology can be reduced.

You can therefore limit yourself to a number of needles, which is smaller than that previously used for the needling of Fleece was common.  

This also means that due to the reduced puncture forces, the use of much lighter drives for the needle bars or boards can be guaranteed.

Such relatively light drives are on warp knitting machines NEN, especially sewing machines.

It is sufficient there, the barbed needles - combined with the corresponding sliding needles - in max. to arrange four levels on the needle bar 5 .

To further illustrate the modified warp knitting machine, reference is made to FIG. 15. Four levels of needles 51 , 53 are provided on the needle bar 5 .

In the uppermost needle plane, needle needles 51 are arranged at greater distances between needles 53 with barbs 531 , 532 .

Such applications are also shown in FIGS. 18 to 21.

The barbs 531 of the needles 53 , also referred to as felt needles, are aligned in the stitch direction.

The fleece 1 , which is generally fed in an uncompressed manner, is fed in on the side of the tee 6 .

The weft thread sheet 4 (84) is placed on the fleece 1 (81). The first weft yarn in the stitch formation zone is brought one after the other below the needle plane, in which slide needles 51 are inserted, with tools, not shown, known per se.

In this example, the abutment for the fleece 1 is formed by counter holding plates 73 which are mounted in sockets 731 on the support bar 75 of the counter holder.

In the upper region of the nonwoven bond strengthening zone, a passage opening for a standing thread 3 is provided on a counter-holding bar 74 mounted at the top. Outside the counter holding needles, a knitting thread guide 82 is positioned in the usual way with its bar 821 , which is suitable for inserting a knitting thread in a known tricot or fringe layer into the needle hook or hooks.

When using a fringe layer, it is expedient to laterally offset the counter-holding bar 74 with its thread guide elements for the standing thread 3 in the rhythm of an underlay.

Another configuration of the stitch formation zone is shown in FIG. 16. Here the pusher needles 51 are arranged in the lower needle plane, the shaft of the locking wires (it is also possible to use plate-shaped needle pusher) must pass through an alley between the needles with barbs (also called felting needles) and is above the needle bar 5 by the locking wire bar 522 im Clock of the machine moves.

To support the standing threads 3 , a second bar 831 with standing thread guides 83 is provided, which carries out an underlaying offset in a manner known per se.

Counter holding needles 71 are provided as counter holding means, which wind through the meandering design around the needles 53 in the individual needle planes.

Such a design is useful if alleys between the rows of stitches are to be largely eliminated. However, it is also possible to use 71 perforated plates, as are customary on needle machines (not shown), instead of these meandering counter-holding needles.

Here, however, you are forced to use this perforated plate the adapted openings for the needles on each to change or replace the modified needle insert .

In the variant according to FIG. 16, the weft threads are fed on the tapping side of the fleece, while the standing threads 3 are arranged on the opposite side of the fleece 1 . This design is expediently chosen if a homogeneous surface is desired on the left side of the goods.

The traces of the standing threads 3 and the sinker stitches 212, 222 of the knitting threads 21 , 22 , 23 can be almost completely covered by subsequent roughening and flexing processes. If you work with this thread system with very thin silk threads, then u. U. a subsequent surface treatment can be dispensed with.

FIG. 17 essentially corresponds to FIG. 16. The design of the standing thread guide 83 shown here is chosen in particular when the standing thread 83 is tied in jersey binding ( FIG. 11) and is intended to produce a pattern structure on the left side of the goods due to its large volume or color.

Instead of the shown there, the yarn guide, it is also possible natuer Lich, through out this stationary thread 3 through the counter holder 74 and laterally to displace a displaceable member between counter holder 74 and mat 84 at greater intervals. In this way - similar to the previously known warp thread offset - it is also possible to achieve a standard offset of the standing threads 3 (see Ploch: pages 199 ff).

You can also place it diagonally at any angle over the fleece surface. In these cases, the respective wales are stabilized in the warp direction from one of the knitting threads 21 , 22 , 23 .

It is of course also possible, in addition to the staggered standing threads 3, to provide an additional standing thread, which is expediently much thinner than the patterning standing thread 3 , through a second laying rail, as shown in FIG. 16.

The passage of the patterning warp thread by the counter haltebarre is essentially for the reason that the Operator of the machine may have a broken thread from the the usual operating side of the machine.  

In Figs. 18 to 26 are different Gestal again tung variants of the needle bar shown in schematic form. 5

According to FIG. 18 of needle block pairs compound needles 51 are inserted in the top row of needles. You are knitting yarn guide 82 and a standing thread guide 83 assigned. The slider needles 51 are designed so that they can be closed by the relatively short shaft of the locking wire 52 and are easily accessible.

It is expedient to arrange a narrow lane for the standing thread 3 in the center under the pair of slide needles 51 in the underlying needle arrangement from the needles 53 and to position the needle so that its tips do not catch the knitting thread 22 if possible.

A design according to FIG. 20 is therefore more expedient . Here, a group of needles 53 with barbs 531 , 532 , (pushing and pulling) is each assigned a slide needle 51 .

Each knitting thread guide 82 places the knitting thread 21 in the open or closed fringe in the needle hook and the standing thread guide 83 performs an underlay shift in changing directions. The narrow alley under the slide needle 51 takes up both the standing thread 3 and the wales of the knitting thread 21 .

Fig. 22 shows a configuration in which slide needles 51 are arranged in the upper and in the lower level. This is useful if you want to emphasize the areas with reinforcing elements and if necessary. Include different standing threads 3 in different ways and colors.

The design according to FIG. 24 shows the arrangement of sliding needles 51 for stabilization in the lower level and for the nonwoven bonding in the areas 10 according to the Mali fleece principle in the upper needle level.

The additional use of needles 53 with barbs 531, 532 below the threadless needles 51 is optional, that is, they can be omitted, depending on the desired effect, or they can be arranged in such a way that they do not destroy the stitch structure formed by the needles 51 .

The design according to FIG. 25 shows that the stitch-forming slide needles 51 can be arranged practically in any plane if an alley is provided for the shaft 521 of the closing wire 52 and below the shaft 521 an alley for the stabilizing elements.

In Fig. 25 and 26 it is shown how arranged in the lower level needles 51 ', the locking wire is wegelas sen and the hook 511 is open in the draw-off direction and towards the rear, can be used for pile formation on the right side of the goods.

If such a design is combined with longer needles 53 with abutting barbs 531 , pole loops 13, 14 can be pulled out on both sides. Subsequent roughening and flexing creates voluminous, stable ceilings for many purposes.

Nonwovens 1 provided with pole loops 13, 14 on one side are also suitable as floor coverings with appropriate stabilization of the base fabric. In view of the stabilization of the basic goods according to the invention, the effort required for this is kept within limits.

List of the reference numerals used

1 fleece
10 area
11 (cross) fibers
12 fiber stitches
13 pole loops - left
14 pole loops - right
2 knitting threads
20 area
21 knitting thread, fringe
211 needle stitch
212 board stitch
22 knitting thread, leotard
221 needle stitch
222 sinker stitch
23 knitting thread, securing
24 fiber stitch
241 stitch handles
242 mesh base
3 standing thread
4, 4 ′ weft
5 needle bar
51, 51 ′ slide needle
511 hooks
52 closing wire
521 shaft
522 closing wire bar
53 needle (barbed)
531 barb (in stitch direction)
532 barbs (against stitch direction)
6 tee
61 tee boards
611 edge
613 Teeing
( 7 ) counterholder
71 counter pin
72 counter plate
73 backing plate
731 backing plate holder
74 counter bar
741 recess
75 support bar
( 8 ) feeders
81 fleece feeder
82 knitting yarn guide
821 barre
83 Thread guide
831 barre
84 weft feed
( 9 ) deduction
( 91 ) Fleece solidified

Claims (35)

1. Process for producing a consolidated nonwoven with attached, predominantly stretched threads,

• - A large number of fibers per unit area of the loose fiber layer are deflected by the barbs of a large number, needles movable across the fleece, across the fleece and
• the threads are connected to the fleece by means of mesh-shaped connecting elements,
  characterized,
• - That in immediately alternating, limited areas ( 10 , 20 ) simultaneously
• - Needles with barbs ( 53 ) for threadless hardening of the fleece ( 1 ) and
• - Slider needles ( 51 , 52 ) for forming mesh-shaped connecting elements ( 211 , 212 , 221 , 222 , 241 ) are moved across the fleece ( 1 ),
• - That the hook of the pusher needles ( 51 )
• - Mesh-forming textile elements ( 21 , 22 , 24 ) are supplied in a manner known per se,
• - Between which and the fleece surface, the threads ( 3 , 4 ) are enclosed.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the areas ( 10 ) in which the fleece ( 1 ) is solidified threadless are significantly larger than the areas ( 20 ) with mesh-shaped elements and threads ( 3 , 4 ). 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the areas ( 20 ) with mesh-shaped elements and threads ( 3 , 4 ) each comprise only one thread. 4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the sliding needles ( 51 ) as knitting textile elements knitting threads ( 21 , 22 , 23 ) are supplied. 5. The method according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that grouped sliding needles ( 51 ) are fed as stitch-forming textile elements knitting threads ( 22 ) in tricot, the number of knitting threads ( 22 , 23 ) per group is larger by one, than the number of needles ( 51 ) in a group. 6. The method according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the sliding needles ( 51 ) are arranged in pairs. 7. The method according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the pusher needles ( 51 ) as knitting textile elements knitting threads ( 21 ) are fed in fringes. 8. The method according to claim 1 to 4 and 7, characterized in that the pusher needles ( 51 ) as ma-forming textile elements knitting threads ( 21 ) in Fran senlege are supplied, the standing threads ( 3 ) are underlaid in changing directions. 9. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the stitch-forming textile elements made of loop-shaped from fleece fibers 24 are made, which are pulled over the threads ( 4 , 3 ) and combined to form a mesh. 10. The method according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that the fleece ( 1 ) in the threadlessly solidified th areas ( 10 ) with the help of needles ( 53 ) is compressed, the barbs ( 531 ) are aligned in the stitch direction. 11. The method according to claim 1 to 9, characterized in that the fleece ( 1 ) in the threadlessly solidified ten areas ( 10 ) with needles ( 53 ) is compressed, the barbs ( 532 ) are directed against the stitch direction. 12. The method according to claim 1 to 9 and 11, characterized in that the nonwoven in the threadless verfe stigt areas ( 10 ) with known per se needles ( 51 ) is compressed, from the fleece ( 1 ) gezo gene loop ( 241 ) apply to their needle shaft and knock over the subsequently formed stitch handle ( 241 ). 13. Mechanically consolidated fleece with attached, mostly stretched threads,

• - The mesh-like elements on the fleece
• - Are attached according to the method according to claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the adjacent threads
• - in parallel in groups
• - Are arranged in intersecting directions and that the threads of a group are arranged with each other at intervals that are greater than 2 mm and less than 30 mm.

14. Mechanically consolidated fleece according to claim 13, characterized in that the adjacent threads are standing threads ( 3 ). 15. Mechanically consolidated fleece according to claim 13, characterized in that the adjacent threads ( 21 ) are each formed from a wale of a knitted fabric. 16. Mechanically consolidated fleece according to claim 13, characterized in that the adjacent threads are standing threads ( 3 ) and weft threads ( 4 ). 17. Mechanically consolidated fleece according to claim 13 to 16, characterized in that the threads ( 2 , 3 , 4 ) consist of endless fibers. 18. Mechanically consolidated fleece according to claim 13 to 17, characterized in that the areas ( 10 ) between the threads ( 2 , 3 , 4 ) consist of needled fleece ( 1 , 11 ). 19. Mechanically consolidated fleece according to claim 13 to 17, characterized in that, the areas ( 10 ) between the threads ( 2 , 3 , 4 ) consist of meshed fleece ( 1 , 12 ). 20. Mechanically consolidated fleece according to claim 13 to 19, characterized in that the areas ( 10 ) between the threads ( 2 , 3 , 4 ) are provided with pile legs made of fibers. 21. Mechanically consolidated fleece according to claim 13 to 19, characterized in that the areas ( 10 ) between the threads ( 2 , 3 , 4 ) with pile loops ( 13 , 14 ) are sets. 22. Mechanically bonded fleece according to claim 13 to 19, characterized in that the basis weight of the bonded fleece ( 1 ) with attached standing threads ( 3 ) and weft threads ( 4 ) is equal to or less than 30 grams per square meter. 23. A machine for producing a consolidated nonwoven according to claim 13, with the method according to claim 1, wherein the machine

• - feeders
• - for at least one group of threads and
• - for at least one fleece,
• - is equipped with at least one needle bar,
• - carries the needles and
• - Which is equipped with a take-off device for the solidified fleece, characterized in that the needle bar ( 5 )
• - next to the needles ( 51 )
• - Also has needles ( 53 ) with barbs ( 531,532 ) and that the needle bar ( 5 )
• - Are equipped with at least two rows of needles adjacent to each other in the direction of travel.

24. Machine according to claim 23, characterized in that the machine is a warp knitting machine, the slider needles ( 51 ) individually or in pairs at greater distances ( 2 to 30 mm) between needles ( 53 ) with barbs ( 531 , 532 ) in each case in a needle plane are arranged on. 25. Machine according to claim 23 to 24, characterized in that the slide needles ( 51 ) are arranged individually in the lower needle plane,
that the locking wire ( 52 ) with its shaft ( 521 ) passes through an alley between the needles ( 53 ) arranged above it with barbs ( 531 , 532 ) and
that the locking wire bar ( 522 ) is movable above the needle level. 26. Machine according to claim 23 to 25, characterized in that the slider needles ( 51 ) are arranged in pairs in the uppermost needle plane and the needles ( 53 ) with barbs ( 531 , 532 ) form an alley in the direction of travel under the slider needles ( 51 ) . 27. Machine according to claim 23 to 26, characterized in that the slider needles ( 51 ) is assigned at least one knitting yarn guide ( 82 ), the bar ( 821 ) of which can be driven in fringe weave, and one standing thread guide ( 83 ) for a standing thread ( 3 ), the bar ( 831 ) is driven underlying. 28. Machine according to claim 23 to 26, characterized in that the pair of sliding needles ( 51 ) are each assigned three knitting yarn guides 82 and the bar ( 821 ) can be driven in a jersey. 29. Machine according to claim 23 to 28, characterized in that the standing thread guides ( 83 ) pass through the counter-holder ( 7 ) for the fleece ( 1 ). 30. Machine according to claim 23 to 29, characterized in that as a needle ( 53 ) with barbs ( 532 ) slide needles ( 51 ) without locking wire ( 52 ) are used, the hooks ( 511 ) are open towards the rear and in the withdrawal direction. 31. Machine according to claim 23 to 29, characterized in that the needles ( 53 ) with barbs ( 532 ) are pusher needles ( 51 ), the closing wire ( 52 ) of which is directed against the withdrawal direction hook ( 511 ) inside half of the fleece ( 1st ) closes. 32. Machine according to claim 31, characterized in that the shooting wire ( 52 ') of the pusher needle ( 51 ), in the region ( 10 ) between the parallel threads ( 2 , 3 , 4 ), is shorter than that of the thread stitches form the pusher needles ( 51 ) and that all locking wires 8 ( 52, 52 ') are held in a common locking wire bar ( 522 ). 33. Machine according to claim 23 to 32, characterized in that the weft threads ( 4 ) are presented in a known manner in droves between two movable to Maschenbildungszo ne, provided with hook transport chains that this weft thread family ( 41 ) at an angle between the needle plane and the fleece feeder ( 81 ) is guided and the weft threads ( 4 ) one after the other, the rows of needles which have pusher needles ( 51 ), can be underlaid by means of feeders. 34. Machine according to claim 23 to 34, characterized in that the weft thread sheet ( 41 ') is fed at an angle above the fleece feed ( 81 ) and means for aligning the first weft thread ( 4 ) below the needle plane with pusher needles ( 51 ) in Area of the counterhold are provided. 35. Machine according to claim 23 to 32, characterized in that an additional fleece feed is provided in the angle between the weft feeder ( 41 ') and the counter-holder ( 7 ).