EP2358939B1 - Paper machine covering and method for the production thereof - Google Patents
Paper machine covering and method for the production thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2358939B1 EP2358939B1 EP09748122.0A EP09748122A EP2358939B1 EP 2358939 B1 EP2358939 B1 EP 2358939B1 EP 09748122 A EP09748122 A EP 09748122A EP 2358939 B1 EP2358939 B1 EP 2358939B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- paper machine
- reinforcement module
- transverse
- longitudinal
- clothing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Revoked
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 claims description 164
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 132
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 claims 35
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 6
- -1 for example Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000761389 Copa Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004433 Thermoplastic polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002250 progressing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012815 thermoplastic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F7/08—Felts
- D21F7/083—Multi-layer felts
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D21—PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
- D21F—PAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
- D21F7/00—Other details of machines for making continuous webs of paper
- D21F7/08—Felts
- D21F7/10—Seams thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
- Y10T442/50—FELT FABRIC
Definitions
- the invention relates to a paper machine clothing, in particular a press felt for a paper, board or Tissuemaschine, according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a method for its production according to the preamble of claim 31.
- modules are proposed, which are composed of a nonwoven layer connected to a Leksfadengelege, as well as modules that consist of a connected to a nonwoven fabric layer Querfadengelege.
- woven basic structures are often much thicker than scrim due to threading at the crosshairs.
- a paper machine clothing in particular press felt for a paper, board or tissue machine, with a load-absorbing basic structure which extends in the longitudinal and transverse direction of the fabric and which is formed from a dimensional stability in the longitudinal direction of the fabric substantially providing longitudinal reinforcement module and from a dimensional stability in the transverse direction of the fabric at least partially providing transverse reinforcement module, wherein the transverse reinforcement module and the longitudinal reinforcement module are arranged and connected to each other.
- the invention is characterized in that the transverse reinforcement module is formed from at least one warp knit formed from at least one system of weft threads extending parallel to each other in length and at least one system of sewing threads forming stitches substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the weft threads in which the weft threads are integrated to form a textile fabric, wherein the weft threads extend obliquely in their length, in particular transversely, to the longitudinal direction of the fabric and have a greater flexural rigidity than the sewing threads.
- the longitudinal reinforcement module and the transverse reinforcement module are produced here independently of one another.
- the dimensional stability of the fabric in its longitudinal direction is essentially provided by the longitudinal reinforcement module.
- the dimensional stability of the fabric in its transverse or width direction is at least partially provided by the transverse reinforcement module.
- the longitudinal reinforcement module By the term “that the dimensional stability of the fabric in the longitudinal direction of the fabric is provided essentially by the longitudinal reinforcement module” is to be understood that more than 50% of the longitudinal stability of the fabric is provided by the longitudinal reinforcement module. It is also closed note that the longitudinal reinforcement module may also partially contribute to providing the dimensional stability of the fabric in the transverse or width direction of the fabric.
- transverse reinforcement module that the dimensional stability of the clothing in the transverse direction of the clothing is at least partially provided by the transverse reinforcement module.
- a textile fabric is to be understood as meaning a self-supporting textile structure which is of planar design, i. whose length and width is significantly greater than its height. It is conceivable in this connection that the width and length are greater than the height by more than a factor of 100, in particular by more than a factor of 1000.
- the weft threads are incorporated in the stitching threads forming stitches, the distance between adjacent sewing threads can also be made relatively large, without negatively affecting the bond between the weft threads and the sewing threads. Since the threads are not meshed with one another in a woven structure, but are connected to one another only by thread creases, in this case the warp threads and weft threads must be arranged quite close to one another so as not to make the bond between them unstable.
- the transverse reinforcement module may be arranged both on the longitudinal reinforcement module, as it may be arranged below the longitudinal reinforcement module, when in the paper machine clothing, the machine side is considered as down and its paper side as above.
- the dimensional reinforcement of the fabric in its transverse direction is substantially provided by the transverse reinforcement module.
- that the dimensional stability of the fabric in the transverse direction of the fabric is provided essentially by the transverse reinforcement module is to be understood that more than 50% of the transverse stability of the fabric is provided by the transverse reinforcement module. It is conceivable in this connection that, for example, 70% and more or 85% and more of the transverse stability of the clothing is provided by the transverse reinforcement module.
- the longitudinal reinforcement module is produced as an endless belt.
- the longitudinal reinforcement module comprises a longitudinal thread loop or is formed by a thread scrim.
- the longitudinal thread layer it is particularly advantageous for the longitudinal thread layer to be formed from at least one longitudinal thread extending substantially in the longitudinal direction of the clothing and progressively wound helically in the transverse direction of the clothing.
- the at least one longitudinal thread is wound on the width of the basic structure.
- the longitudinal reinforcement module comprises or is formed from a scrim
- the dimensional stability of the scrim in the longitudinal direction of the scrim is generally provided by the longitudinal reinforcement module.
- the dimensional reinforcement of the fabric in the transverse or width direction of the fabric is substantially provided by the transverse reinforcement module.
- the scrim is formed by only a single longitudinal thread, it extends substantially in the intended longitudinal direction of the felt and can be wound helically progressively in the direction of the intended width of the felt belt to the intended width of the felt.
- a Lijnsfadengelege can be formed, in which each winding of the longitudinal thread extends parallel to the preceding and subsequent winding of the longitudinal thread.
- the longitudinal thread layer is made up of a plurality of longitudinal threads, i. formed from a family of longitudinal threads, so the individual longitudinal threads extend substantially in the intended longitudinal direction of the felt and are juxtaposed in the direction of the intended width of the felt, in this case, the arrangement of the longitudinal threads in the direction of the intended width of the felt belt progressing helical to be wound to the intended width of the felt.
- a L Lucassfadengelege be formed, in which all longitudinal threads of the arrangement always parallel to each other and in which each winding of each longitudinal thread extends parallel to the preceding and subsequent winding of this longitudinal thread.
- the term that the longitudinal thread (s) extend (s) substantially in the longitudinal direction of the strip should be understood to mean that the longitudinal thread (s) of the longitudinal thread layer and the longitudinal direction of the felt strip together include an angle of a maximum of 10 °, in particular a maximum of 5 °.
- the longitudinal reinforcement module is formed by a woven and / or knitted fabric and / or spiral screen and / or knitted fabric.
- the dimensional stability of the clothing in the longitudinal direction of the clothing is essentially provided by the longitudinal reinforcement module.
- the dimensional stability of the fabric in the transverse or width direction of the fabric is partially provided. In this case, for example, 50% or more of the dimensional stability of the fabric in its transverse or width direction is provided by the longitudinal reinforcement module and, correspondingly, less than 50% by the transverse reinforcement module.
- a development of the invention further provides that the at least one warp knitted fabric is formed from a single system of mutually parallel weft threads and from a single system of stitches forming stitching. This further simplifies the construction of the transverse reinforcement module.
- the at least one warp knit fabric is produced in particular by a stitchbonding method in which the weft threads are fed during weft formation by means of weft insertion, in particular by means of parallel weft insertion.
- parallel weft insertion the weft threads are inserted parallel to one another and fixed by the stitches.
- each sewing thread forms its own row of stitches, wherein in particular each weft thread is bound into a stitch of each stitch row.
- the length of the mesh extending in particular in the longitudinal direction of the fabric is infinitely adjustable within wide limits, for example, preferably in the range between about 0.5 mm and 5.0 mm. Since the weft threads are integrated into the stitches of the sewing threads, the spacing between adjacent weft threads can be varied within further limits, according to the required or desired properties of the transverse reinforcement module and / or the required production output in the production of the transverse reinforcement module without the weft threads being held to vary the sewing threads greatly. A preferred embodiment of the invention therefore provides that the spacing of the weft threads from each other is determined by the length of the stitches in the courses.
- weft threads are formed by multifilament yarns.
- the multifilament yarns can be formed, for example, by twisted monofilament yarns. It is conceivable in this context, for example, that the yarn forming monofilaments of polyamide (PA) are made. Here, for example, 4-ply threads or 10-ply threads as well as all intermediate levels are conceivable.
- PA polyamide
- weft threads as staple fiber yarns.
- the weft threads may also be formed by monofilament yarns. It is conceivable that the weft threads have a round or square cross-section. It is conceivable in the former case that the weft threads have a circular or oval cross-section. In the second case, the weft threads may have a trapezoidal or rectangular cross-section.
- the longitudinal threads form seam loops.
- the longitudinal threads are formed as monofilaments.
- the transverse threads in such woven basic structures are formed as monofilaments, which is why an anchoring by needling of arranged on the base structure nonwoven layers is often difficult.
- the anchoring of the nonwoven fabric layers to the basic structure can be significantly improved by needling, since the fibers of the nonwoven fabric layer (n) become entangled in the multifilament yarns during the needling process.
- the weft threads may also comprise multi-component yarns.
- a component may be made of a material which has a lower melting temperature than the other component (s).
- thermoplastic material such as, for example, PA, PP, or PU, which is melted during a thermal treatment and effects an improved anchoring of the fibers of the nonwoven structure in the basic structure.
- PU / PET bicomponent yarns as a multi-component yarn.
- a transverse reinforcement structure is produced, which has a high resilience after its compaction in the press nip.
- all the weft threads of the warp knit forming the transverse reinforcing structure are multi-component yarns.
- doubled monofilament yarns one of the monofilaments being a multicomponent yarn.
- the weft yarns comprise staple fiber yarns, with some of the staple fibers being of a material having a lower melting temperature than other fibers of the yarn.
- weft yarns contain the PU or are formed from these and to use PA yarns.
- PA yarns for example, it is conceivable to use monofilament yarns of PU and a plurality of monofilament yarns of PA twisted together, for example 4-fold yarns of PA.
- PU yarns and PA yarns can be alternately entered. It is also conceivable to enter PU yarns and PA yarns at the same time.
- the transverse reinforcement is essentially taken over by the PA yarns, the PU yarns essentially providing the resilience and damping properties of the transverse reinforcement module.
- the twisted weft threads may have a fineness in the range of about 50-500 tex, especially about 100-400tex.
- a fineness is conceivable which, for example, in the range of about 15-200tex, in particular about 48-120tex, is located.
- the sewing threads can be formed as monofilament yarns, as staple fiber yarns or as multifilament yarns.
- the sewing threads comprise multiple components yarns or are formed from these.
- the multi-component yarns may in this case comprise a component which has a lower melting temperature than the other component (s).
- the low melting component may be a hot melt adhesive component which is often a thermoplastic material.
- the sewing threads are made of a material which is lower melting than the materials of the weft threads and the nonwoven structure brought into contact with the basic structure.
- the sewing threads are made of a material which can be removed from the material after completion of the paper machine clothing, for example with a solvent.
- a solvent is, for example, water conceivable.
- the papermachine clothing according to the invention may, for example, be a press felt which is seamable in the machine.
- a press felt which is seamable in the machine.
- By providing an out At least one warp knit formed transverse reinforcement structure it comes when needling the nonwoven fabric structure to a significantly better anchoring of the nonwoven structure to the basic structure as in press felts with basic structures without knit structure, such as, for example, woven basic structures.
- the so-called "peel-back" effect in the seam area can at least be reduced if not completely prevented.
- hot-melt adhesive fibers are used in the transverse reinforcement module, the connection between the basic structure and the fiber-fleece structure is further improved.
- warp knit is limited in length by two transverse edges running transversely to the longitudinal direction of the papermachine fabric.
- the warp knit can be cut in its length to about the length of the circumference of the fabric to be produced.
- the transverse reinforcement module comprises at least one warp knit extending along the length of the fabric.
- the transverse reinforcement module is formed from a single warp knit extending along the length and width of the fabric.
- the transverse reinforcement module of several be.
- two, juxtaposed warp knitted fabric is constructed, which are placed at their mutually facing longitudinal edges on impact and, for example, are interconnected by a connecting strip, which covers the longitudinal edges laid on shock and thus connects the two warp knit together.
- the transverse reinforcement module is formed of a plurality of each extending over the length of the fabric and only on a portion of the width of the fabric warp knitted fabric, which are juxtaposed in the transverse direction of the fabric, are arranged together complementary to the width of the fabric.
- the transverse reinforcement module can also be formed from a single warp knit having a width smaller than the width of the fabric, which is wound helically progressively extending in the transverse direction of the fabric substantially in the longitudinal direction of the fabric.
- the warp knit may be in the form of a roll which is cut to length in accordance with the requirement, for example the length of the fabric to be produced.
- the transverse edges are preferably placed to each other in shock.
- the warp knit is made in particular by means of a connecting strip endless by the connecting strip covers the two abutting transverse edges and is connected in the region of the two transverse edges with the warp knit.
- a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that in the region of at least one of the transverse edges of a strip of material is connected to the warp knit, one edge flush with the Cross edge runs.
- a fraying of the respective transverse edge preventing material strands is attached to both transverse edges in this context.
- the connecting strip and / or the material strip is or are preferably formed from at least one film and / or a spunbonded nonwoven.
- This may be, for example, a film of polyamide (PA), polyamide copolymer (CoPA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene terephthalate copolymer (CoPET), polyurethane (PU), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polypropylene (PP), thermoplastic polyurethane ( TPU) or polyvinyl acetate (PVA) act.
- PA polyamide
- CoPA polyamide copolymer
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- CoPET polyethylene terephthalate copolymer
- PU polyurethane
- EVA ethylene vinyl acetate
- PP polypropylene
- TPU thermoplastic polyurethane
- PVA polyvinyl acetate
- the film may in this case have a basis weight in the range of 10-500 g / m 2 , preferably 20-60 g / m 2 .
- films made of several components such as PET-PU films, PA-PU films, PET-PA films.
- Such films may have a basis weight in the range of 20-500 g / m 2 , preferably 20-60 g / m 2 .
- connection strip and / or the material strip is connected in particular due to the effect of pressure and / or temperature with the warp knit.
- the or the connection strip and / or the strip of material melt at a lower temperature than the sewing and weft threads of the warp knitted fabric.
- connection strip (s) and / or material strips are connected to one another, for example, by hot-wire welding and / or ultrasonic welding and / or laser welding.
- the longitudinal reinforcement module comprises, in addition to the already described L Lucassfadengelege arranged on the Leksfadengelege and connected thereto carrier layer.
- the carrier layer extends in this case, in particular like the longitudinal thread layer, over the entire width and length of the papermachine fabric.
- the carrier layer may be formed alone or in combination by: a nonwoven fabric layer, a film layer.
- the longitudinal thread layer is preferably embedded in the nonwoven layer. This can be achieved, for example, by needling the longitudinal thread layer with the carrier layer formed as a nonwoven fabric layer. By needling process, it is possible that the carrier layer is thereby largely destroyed.
- the carrier layer can in this case mainly take on the task of keeping the longitudinal threads of the longitudinal thread fabric during the further manufacturing process of the felt in position.
- the transverse reinforcement module is arranged on the support layer of the longitudinal reinforcement module and connected thereto.
- the carrier layer for example, be designed accordingly to be easily connected to the transverse reinforcement module can.
- the nonwoven layer comprises hot melt adhesive fibers, so that the transverse reinforcement module can be bonded to the carrier layer of the longitudinal reinforcement module by the action of heat. Simultaneously with the action of heat, the connection between the transverse reinforcement module and the longitudinal reinforcement module can be further improved by the assistance of pressure.
- the longitudinal reinforcement module and the transverse reinforcement module to be jointly guided around a heated roller or through a heated press nip for the purpose of heat action.
- connection techniques are possible. It is conceivable, for example, that the transverse reinforcement module is connected to the longitudinal reinforcement module by needling them together and / or sewn and / or welded. It is conceivable in this context, for example, that the transverse reinforcement module is made endless and is subsequently connected to an endlessly made or endlessly produced longitudinal reinforcement module and to one or more nonwoven fabric layers in the needle machine by needling.
- the connection can be made only by needling or in combination with another connection technique.
- the production of the carrier layer to use a prefabricated carrier web with a smaller width than the width of the fabric.
- the carrier web it is conceivable, for example, for the carrier web to be formed from at least one carrier web which extends substantially in the longitudinal direction of the clothing and is wound spirally in the transverse direction of the clothing.
- the carrier layer is thus produced in this case by a wound only on a part of the intended width of the paper machine clothing carrier web in the direction of the intended width of the paper machine clothing is wound helically progressively up to the intended width of the fabric.
- the mutually facing edges of the carrier web can be placed in abutting or overlapping regions.
- the fabric formed as a fabric may be either flat or round woven.
- At least one, in particular a plurality of nonwoven fabric layer (s) is / are arranged on the side of the basic structure of the fabric facing the paper side and / or on the machine side.
- the warp knit originally is longer than the length of the fabric to be produced, then this can be shortened in a further step iii) by cutting the sewing threads of the warp knit fabric to the length of the fabric to be produced.
- steps i) -iii) are not specified here. Thus, for example, it is conceivable that first step i) then step ii) and then step iii) is carried out. However, it is also conceivable that step i) is carried out first, then step iii) and, as the last step, step ii).
- the at least one warp knit fabric providing the transverse reinforcement module is first cut to the length of the fabric before the transverse reinforcement module and the longitudinal reinforcement module are arranged on top of each other. Furthermore, it is therefore also conceivable that the warp knitted fabric, after being arranged on the entire length of the fabric on or under the longitudinal reinforcement module, is cut to the length of the fabric. This can happen, for example, if the warp knit is in the form of a roll and unwound from it during its placement on the longitudinal reinforcement module.
- transverse reinforcement module cut to the length of the fabric is first made endless, before it is arranged on the, for example, endlessly made or endlessly produced longitudinal reinforcement module and subsequently connected thereto.
- the warp knit fabric and the longitudinal reinforcement module are preferably arranged on top of one another in such a way that the sewing threads extend in the longitudinal direction and the weft threads extending perpendicularly to the latter extend in the transverse direction of the fabric.
- the warp knit fabric can be laminated on each cut edge by means of the material strip already described in order to prevent fraying of the respective transverse edge.
- the transverse reinforcement module Before the subsequent needling, in which one or more non-woven fabric layers are to be needled on the side of the basic structure pointing to the paper side and / or on the machine side, the transverse reinforcement module must be made endless. This can, for example, be done by placing the two transverse edges of the transverse thread module in abutment against one another and connecting them to one another by means of the connection strips already described.
- FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a transverse reinforcement module 1 according to the invention for a basic structure of a press felt in plan view.
- the FIG. 1 shows the transverse reinforcement module in sections.
- the transverse reinforcement module 1 is formed from at least one warp knit. That in the FIG. 1 shown warp knitted fabric is formed from a system of mutually parallel weft threads 2 and a substantially perpendicular thereto system of stitches forming sewing threads 3. To form a textile fabric, the weft threads 3 are incorporated in stitches 4 of the sewing threads 3.
- weft threads 2 extend in the transverse direction CMD of the clothing and have a greater flexural rigidity than the sewing threads 3.
- the sewing threads 3 extend in the longitudinal direction MD of the clothing.
- the longitudinal direction L of the warp knitted fabric is determined by the longitudinal extent of the sewing threads 3, as the transverse direction Q of the warp knitted fabric is determined by the longitudinal extent of the weft threads 2. Consequently, the warp knit is oriented so as to extend in its longitudinal direction L in the longitudinal direction MD of the fabric.
- the weft threads 2 are formed by multifilament yarns, for example by four monofilaments of polyamide (PA) twisted together.
- the twisted weft yarns 2 have a fineness in the range of about 150tex, whereas the sewing yarns have a fineness in the range of about 6.7-14tex.
- transverse reinforcement module 1 was prepared by a Nähwirkmaschine in which the weft yarns 2 were fed during stitch formation by means of parallel weft insertion.
- each of the sewing thread 3 of the system forms its own stitch row 5.
- each weft thread 2 is incorporated into a stitch 4 of each stitch row 5.
- transverse reinforcement module 1 was made flat.
- FIG. 2 1 shows an embodiment of a papermachine fabric 10 according to the invention in the form of a press felt in cross-section with the transverse reinforcement module 1 of FIG. 1 ,
- the fabric 10 has a load-bearing base structure 11 which extends in the longitudinal direction and in the transverse direction CMD of the fabric 10.
- the basic structure 11 consists of a longitudinal reinforcement module 12 which essentially provides the dimensional stability in the longitudinal direction MD of the clothing 10, and also in the longitudinal reinforcement module 12 FIG. 1 formed, the dimensional stability in the transverse direction CMD of the fabric 10 substantially providing transverse reinforcement module 1, wherein the transverse reinforcement module 1 is arranged on the longitudinal reinforcement module and connected thereto.
- longitudinal reinforcement module 12 shown comprises a Leksfadengelege 13, which is formed of a plurality of substantially longitudinally extending in the longitudinal direction of the fabric 10 and in the transverse direction CMD of the string 10 helically progressively wound longitudinal thread 14.
- the longitudinal reinforcement module 12 comprises a carrier layer 15 designed as a nonwoven fabric layer, in which the longitudinal thread layer 13 is embedded.
- the nonwoven fabric layer 15 may comprise melt adhesive fibers.
- the transverse reinforcement module 1 is connected to the longitudinal reinforcement module 11 by bonding to the melt fibers, i. the transverse reinforcement module 1 is arranged on the support layer 15 and connected thereto.
- the fabric 10 formed as press felt two nonwoven fabric layers 17, 18 are arranged on the side of the basic structure 11 facing the paper side 16 and connected to the basic structure 11 by needling.
- the upper nonwoven fabric layer 17 providing the paper side 16 comprises finer fibers than the middle nonwoven fabric layer 18 arranged between the upper nonwoven fabric layer 17 and the basic structure 11.
- a nonwoven fabric layer 19 is arranged, which is connected to the base structure 11 by needling and which provides the machine side 20 of the fabric 10.
- FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a method according to the invention for producing a papermachine fabric according to the invention.
- the step shown is an endless trained longitudinal reinforcement module 12, as it is, for example, in the FIG. 2 in that at least one longitudinal thread 14 extending substantially in the longitudinal direction MD of the clothing is helically wound progressively between two rollers 21, 22 which are spaced apart from each other and are aligned in parallel in the transverse direction CMD of the clothing.
- the length of the longitudinal reinforcement module 12 is determined by the distance of the rollers 21, 22 to each other.
- the helically progressing winding of the at least a longitudinal thread 14 in the transverse direction CMD takes place up to the desired width of the longitudinal thread fabric.
- the longitudinal reinforcement module 12 may comprise a support layer formed as a nonwoven fabric layer 15, in which the scrim is embedded, for example. As a result, a longitudinal reinforcement module 12 is produced which has a width and a length corresponding to the width and length of the fabric to be produced.
- step is, for example, that from the FIG. 1 known transverse reinforcement module 1 is provided by arranging a warp knit forming the transverse reinforcement module 1 on the longitudinal reinforcement module 12 such that the weft threads of the warp knit extend in the transverse direction CMD and the sewing threads extend in the longitudinal direction MD of the fabric to be produced.
- the warp knitted fabric is cut in MD and CMD such that the width and the length of the warp knitted fabric corresponds to the width and length of the fabric to be produced.
- the sewing threads of the warp knitted fabric are cut to length such that the length of the warp knit fabric corresponds to the length of the fabric to be produced.
- a material strip 23, 24 is applied to the warp knit in the two areas, with which the cut edges produced subsequently during cutting correspond to the transverse edges, by which the length of the knitted fabric is limited - be laminated against fraying.
- the transverse reinforcement module 1 is made endless by abutting the two cutting edges or transverse edges produced when the fabric is cut to length in its longitudinal direction and joined together by a connecting strip 25 which covers the two transverse edges placed on the joint and is connected to the transverse reinforcement module 1 in the region of the two transverse edges.
- the basic structure is finished and can be found in the 3d figure shown step on both sides with one or more nonwoven fabric layers 17, 18, for example.
- needling means 27 Connected by needling means 27 by needling.
- a longitudinal reinforcement module 33 is produced as an endless belt. This may be a like in the FIG. 3a shown L Lucassfadengelege act or as in the FIG. 4a represented by a fabric formed as a textile fabric which is suitable for substantially providing the longitudinal stability of the fabric. When endless, the fabric 33 can be stretched for this purpose between two mutually parallel spaced rollers 29, 30.
- an inventive transverse reinforcement module 1 is provided.
- a warp knitted fabric is cut to the intended circumferential length of the press felt and, for example, by means of a Foil or spunbond formed connecting strip 25 or made endless by hot wire welding.
- the warp knit providing the transverse reinforcement module 1 can be tensioned about two parallel rolls 31, 32.
- the endless longitudinal reinforcement module 33, the endless transverse reinforcement module 1, as well as above and / or below these arranged nonwoven fabric layers 37, 38 are interconnected by needling.
- the endless longitudinal reinforcement module 33 and the endless transverse reinforcement module 1 are placed on each other by being pulled over two rollers 34, 35 spaced parallel to one another.
- the longitudinal reinforcement module 33 and the transverse reinforcement module 1 deposited thereon, together with the nonwoven fabric layers 37, 38, are fed to a needling device 36, which needles the entire arrangement of longitudinal reinforcement module 33, transverse reinforcement module 1 and nonwoven fabric layers 37, 38.
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- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Papiermaschinenbespannung, insbesondere ein Pressfilz für eine Papier-, Karton- oder Tissuemaschine, nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1 sowie ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 31.The invention relates to a paper machine clothing, in particular a press felt for a paper, board or Tissuemaschine, according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and a method for its production according to the preamble of
Papiermaschinenbespannungen, insbesondere Pressfilze für Papier-, Karton- oder Tissuemaschinen weisen in der Regel eine die Dimensionsstabilität des Filzes bereitstellende Grundstruktur auf, die beidseitig mit einer oder mehreren Faservlieslagen versehen ist.Paper machine clothing, in particular press felts for paper, board or tissue machines, generally have a basic structure providing the dimensional stability of the felt, which is provided on both sides with one or more nonwoven layers.
Ziel von Entwicklungen neuer Pressfilze war in der Vergangenheit oftmals diese durch einen modularen Aufbau einzelner Komponenten herzustellen und hierbei gewobene Strukturen zu ersetzen, da gewobene Strukturen nur mit geringer Produktivität hergestellt werden können.In the past, developments of new press felts often succeeded in producing these by modular construction of individual components and replacing woven structures, since woven structures can only be produced with low productivity.
So werden bspw. in der
Zur Vereinfachung der Herstellung solcher modular aufgebauter Pressfilze wird in der
Die bekannten modularen Pressfilzkonzepte bestehen hierbei aus Längsfadengelegen und aus Querfadengelegen, wobei die beiden Gelege nur über eine Faservlieslage miteinander verbunden sind. Nachteil dieser Strukturen ist hierbei, dass solche Gelege oftmals ein nur sehr begrenztes inneres Volumen im Pressfilz bereitstellen. Da sich ferner das Längs- und das Querfadengelege gegeneinander bewegen können, weichen diese beim Durchlauf durch den Pressnip einander aus, was zu einer weiteren Verringerung des inneren Hohlraumvolumens und daher zu einer Verringerung des Wasseraufnahmevermögens führen kann.The known modular press felt concepts here consist of longitudinal yarn layers and transverse yarn fabrics, the two fabrics being connected to one another only via a nonwoven fabric layer. The disadvantage of these structures is that such scrims often provide only a very limited internal volume in the press felt. Further, since the longitudinal and the transverse thread loops can move relative to each other, they diverge as they pass through the press nip, which can lead to a further reduction in the internal void volume and therefore a reduction in water absorption capacity.
Bei Pressfilzen mit aus Monofilen gewobenen Grundstrukturen, besteht oftmals das Problem einer schlechten Verankerung der Faservlieslagen in der Grundstruktur, da die Fasern an der aus den glatten Monofilamenten gebildeten Grundstruktur beim Vernadeln oft nur schlecht verankert werden können.In press felts with monofilament woven basic structures, there is often the problem of poor anchoring of the fiber fleece layers in the basic structure, since the fibers can often only be poorly anchored to the basic structure formed from the smooth monofilaments during needling.
Des Weiteren sind gewobene Grundstrukturen aufgrund der Fadenkröpfungen an den Fadenkreuzungsstellen oftmals viel dicker als Fadengelege.Furthermore, woven basic structures are often much thicker than scrim due to threading at the crosshairs.
Es ist die Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung Pressfilze vorzuschlagen, bei denen die oben genannten Nachteile nicht mehr auftreten und die zudem kostengünstiger als die aus dem Stand der Technik bekannten Pressfilze herzustellen sind.It is the object of the present invention to propose press felts, in which the abovementioned disadvantages no longer occur and which, moreover, are cheaper to produce than the press felts known from the prior art.
Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Papiermaschinenbespannung, insbesondere Pressfilz für eine Papier-, Karton- oder Tissuemaschine, mit einer lastaufnehmenden Grundstruktur, die sich in Längs- und in Querrichtung der Bespannung erstreckt und die gebildet ist aus einem die Dimensionsstabilität in Längsrichtung der Bespannung im Wesentlichen bereitstellenden Längsverstärkungsmodul sowie aus einem die Dimensionsstabilität in Querrichtung der Bespannung zumindest teilweise bereitstellenden Querverstärkungsmodul, wobei das Querverstärkungsmodul und das Längsverstärkungsmodul aufeinander angeordnet und miteinander verbunden sind.The object is achieved by a paper machine clothing, in particular press felt for a paper, board or tissue machine, with a load-absorbing basic structure which extends in the longitudinal and transverse direction of the fabric and which is formed from a dimensional stability in the longitudinal direction of the fabric substantially providing longitudinal reinforcement module and from a dimensional stability in the transverse direction of the fabric at least partially providing transverse reinforcement module, wherein the transverse reinforcement module and the longitudinal reinforcement module are arranged and connected to each other.
Die Erfindung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Querverstärkungsmodul aus zumindest einem Kettengewirke gebildet ist, das gebildet ist aus zumindest einem System von sich in ihrer Länge zueinander parallel erstreckenden Schussfäden und zumindest einem im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Längserstreckung der Schussfäden verlaufenden System aus Nähfäden, die Maschen bilden in welche die Schussfäden zur Ausbildung eines textilen Flächengebildes eingebunden sind, wobei sich die Schussfäden in ihrer Länge schräg, insbesondere quer, zur Längsrichtung der Bespannung erstrecken und eine größere Biegesteifigkeit haben als die Nähfäden.The invention is characterized in that the transverse reinforcement module is formed from at least one warp knit formed from at least one system of weft threads extending parallel to each other in length and at least one system of sewing threads forming stitches substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the weft threads in which the weft threads are integrated to form a textile fabric, wherein the weft threads extend obliquely in their length, in particular transversely, to the longitudinal direction of the fabric and have a greater flexural rigidity than the sewing threads.
Im Sinne der Erfindung werden das Längsverstärkungsmodul und das Querverstärkungsmodul hierbei unabhängig voneinander hergestellt. Im Sinne der Erfindung wird die Dimensionsstabilität der Bespannung in deren Längsrichtung im Wesentlichen durch das Längsverstärkungsmodul bereitgestellt. Ferner wird die Dimensionsstabilität der Bespannung in deren Quer- oder Breitenrichtung zumindest teilweise durch das Querverstärkungsmodul bereitgestellt.For the purposes of the invention, the longitudinal reinforcement module and the transverse reinforcement module are produced here independently of one another. For the purposes of the invention, the dimensional stability of the fabric in its longitudinal direction is essentially provided by the longitudinal reinforcement module. Furthermore, the dimensional stability of the fabric in its transverse or width direction is at least partially provided by the transverse reinforcement module.
Unter dem Begriff "dass die Dimensionsstabilität der Bespannung in Längsrichtung der Bespannung im Wesentlichen durch das Längsverstärkungsmodul bereitgestellt wird" soll verstanden werden, dass mehr als 50% der Längsstabilität der Bespannung durch das Längsverstärkungsmodul bereitgestellt wird. Ferner ist zu bemerken, dass das Längsverstärkungsmodul auch teilweise zur Bereitstellung der Dimensionsstabilität der Bespannung in Quer- oder Breitenrichtung der Bespannung beitragen kann.By the term "that the dimensional stability of the fabric in the longitudinal direction of the fabric is provided essentially by the longitudinal reinforcement module" is to be understood that more than 50% of the longitudinal stability of the fabric is provided by the longitudinal reinforcement module. It is also closed note that the longitudinal reinforcement module may also partially contribute to providing the dimensional stability of the fabric in the transverse or width direction of the fabric.
Unter dem Begriff "dass die Dimensionsstabilität der Bespannung in Querrichtung der Bespannung zumindest teilweise durch das Querverstärkungsmodul bereitgestellt wird" soll verstanden werden, dass zumindest ein Teil der Querstabilität der Bespannung durch das Querverstärkungsmodul bereitgestellt wird.By the term "that the dimensional stability of the clothing in the transverse direction of the clothing is at least partially provided by the transverse reinforcement module" is to be understood that at least a part of the transverse stability of the clothing is provided by the transverse reinforcement module.
Unter einem textilen Flächengebilde ist vorliegend ein sich selbst stützendes textiles Gebilde zu verstehen, welches flächig ausgebildet ist, d.h. dessen Länge und Breite deutlich größer als dessen Höhe ist. Denkbar ist in diesem Zusammenhang, dass die Breite und Länge um mehr als den Faktor 100, insbesondere um mehr als den Faktor 1000 größer als die Höhe ist.In this case, a textile fabric is to be understood as meaning a self-supporting textile structure which is of planar design, i. whose length and width is significantly greater than its height. It is conceivable in this connection that the width and length are greater than the height by more than a factor of 100, in particular by more than a factor of 1000.
Die erfindungsgemäße modular aufgebaute Papiermaschinenbespannung hat ein die Quersteifigkeit der Bespannung zumindest teilweise bereitstellendes Querverstärkungsmodul. Das Querverstärkungsmodul ist aus zumindest einem Kettengewirke aufgebaut, welches wiederum aus zumindest einem Schussfadensystem sowie aus zumindest einem Maschen bildenden Nähfadensystem aufgebaut ist. Hierbei ist das Kettengewirke derart angeordnet, dass sich die Schussfäden schräg, insbesondere quer, zur Längsrichtung der Bespannung erstrecken. Die Quersteifigkeit des Querverstärkungsmoduls wird im Wesentlichen bzw. nahezu vollständig durch die Schussfäden bereitgestellt, wohingegen die Maschen bildenden Nähfäden im Wesentlichen nur dazu dienen, die Schussfäden bei der Herstellung der Bespannung in Position zu halten. Das Kettengewirke kann hierbei kostengünstig als flaches und einstückiges Kettengewirke mit in Richtung der Nähfäden beliebiger Längserstreckung im Wirkverfahren hergestellt und nachfolgend bspw. auf die Länge der herzustellenden Papiermaschinenbespannung abgelängt werden.The modular paper machine clothing according to the invention has a transverse reinforcement module which at least partially provides the transverse rigidity of the clothing. The transverse reinforcement module is constructed from at least one warp knit, which in turn is constructed from at least one weft thread system and from at least one stitch-forming thread system. Here, the warp knitted fabric is arranged such that the weft threads extend obliquely, in particular transversely, to the longitudinal direction of the fabric. The transverse rigidity of the transverse reinforcement module is essentially or almost completely provided by the weft threads, whereas the stitching threads forming stitches serve essentially only to hold the weft threads in position during the production of the fabric. The warp knit fabric can be produced inexpensively as a flat and one-piece warp knit fabric with any longitudinal extension in the direction of sewing threads by knitting process and subsequently be cut to length, for example, to the length of the papermachine fabric to be produced.
Das Kettengewirke kann also in seiner Längsrichtung -diese ist durch die Richtung der Nähfäden festgelegt- in beliebiger Länge gefertigt werden. Da das erfindungsgemäße Kettengewirke in Richtung seiner Nähfäden in nahezu beliebiger Länge hergestellt werden kann und sich die dimensionsstabilen Schussfäden im Wesentlichen senkrecht zu den Nähfäden erstrecken, wird durch die Erfindung eine textile Struktur bereitgestellt, die im Gegensatz zu der aus der
Die Verwendung eines Faservlieses für das Querverstärkungsmodul zum in Position halten eines Fadengeleges, wie aus der
Ferner ist durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung kein aufwändiger Webprozess zur Herstellung einer Querverstärkung mehr notwendig.Furthermore, the solution according to the invention no longer requires a complex weaving process for producing a transverse reinforcement.
Da bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Querverstärkungsmodul ferner die Schussfäden in die Maschen bildenden Nähfäden eingebunden sind, kann der Abstand zwischen benachbarten Nähfäden ferner relativ groß gewählt werden, ohne den Verbund zwischen den Schussfäden und den Nähfäden negativ zu beeinflussen. Da bei einer gewobenen Struktur die Fäden nicht miteinander vermascht, sondern nur durch Fadenkröpfungen miteinander verbunden sind, müssen bei dieser die Kettfäden und Schussfäden recht nah zueinander angeordnet sein, um den Verbund zwischen diesen nicht zu instabil zu machen.Further, since in the transverse reinforcing module according to the invention, the weft threads are incorporated in the stitching threads forming stitches, the distance between adjacent sewing threads can also be made relatively large, without negatively affecting the bond between the weft threads and the sewing threads. Since the threads are not meshed with one another in a woven structure, but are connected to one another only by thread creases, in this case the warp threads and weft threads must be arranged quite close to one another so as not to make the bond between them unstable.
Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen der Erfindung sind in den Unteransprüchen angegeben.Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.
Das Querverstärkungsmodul kann sowohl auf dem Längsverstärkungsmodul angeordnet sein, wie es unter dem Längsverstärkungsmodul angeordnet sein kann, wenn bei der Papiermaschinenbespannung die Maschinenseite als unten und deren Papierseite als oben betrachtet wird.The transverse reinforcement module may be arranged both on the longitudinal reinforcement module, as it may be arranged below the longitudinal reinforcement module, when in the paper machine clothing, the machine side is considered as down and its paper side as above.
Vorzugsweise wird durch das Querverstärkungsmodul die Dimensionsstabilität der Bespannung in deren Querrichtung im Wesentlichen bereitgestellt. Unter dem Begriff "dass die Dimensionsstabilität der Bespannung in Querrichtung der Bespannung im Wesentlichen durch das Querverstärkungsmodul bereitgestellt wird" soll verstanden werden, dass mehr als 50% der Querstabilität der Bespannung durch das Querverstärkungsmodul bereitgestellt wird. Denkbar ist in diesem Zusammenhang, dass bspw. 70% und mehr oder 85% und mehr der Querstabilität der Bespannung durch das Querverstärkungsmodul bereitgestellt wird.Preferably, the dimensional reinforcement of the fabric in its transverse direction is substantially provided by the transverse reinforcement module. By the term "that the dimensional stability of the fabric in the transverse direction of the fabric is provided essentially by the transverse reinforcement module" is to be understood that more than 50% of the transverse stability of the fabric is provided by the transverse reinforcement module. It is conceivable in this connection that, for example, 70% and more or 85% and more of the transverse stability of the clothing is provided by the transverse reinforcement module.
Vorzugsweise ist das Längsverstärkungsmodul als endloses Band hergestellt.Preferably, the longitudinal reinforcement module is produced as an endless belt.
Um die erfindungsgemäße Grundstruktur weiter einfacher und kostengünstiger auszubilden, sieht eine besonders bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vor, dass das Längsverstärkungsmodul ein Längsfadengelege umfasst oder durch ein Fadengelege gebildet ist. In diesem Fall ist es insbesondere von Vorteil, wenn das Längsfadengelege aus zumindest einem sich im Wesentlichen in Längsrichtung der Bespannung erstreckenden und in Querrichtung der Bespannung wendelförmig fortschreitend gewickelten Längsfaden gebildet ist. Vorzugsweise ist hierbei der zumindest eine Längsfaden auf der Breite der Grundstruktur gewickelt.In order to further simplify and lower the cost of the basic structure according to the invention, a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention provides that the longitudinal reinforcement module comprises a longitudinal thread loop or is formed by a thread scrim. In this case, it is particularly advantageous for the longitudinal thread layer to be formed from at least one longitudinal thread extending substantially in the longitudinal direction of the clothing and progressively wound helically in the transverse direction of the clothing. Preferably, in this case the at least one longitudinal thread is wound on the width of the basic structure.
Umfasst das Längsverstärkungsmodul ein Fadengelege oder ist aus diesem gebildet, wird in der Regel durch das Längsverstärkungsmodul die Dimensionsstabilität der Bespannung in Längsrichtung der Bespannung im Wesentlichen bereitgestellt. Ferner wird in diesem Fall durch das Querverstärkungsmodul die Dimensionsstabilität der Bespannung in Quer- oder Breitenrichtung der Bespannung im Wesentlichen bereitgestellt.If the longitudinal reinforcement module comprises or is formed from a scrim, the dimensional stability of the scrim in the longitudinal direction of the scrim is generally provided by the longitudinal reinforcement module. Furthermore, in this case, the dimensional reinforcement of the fabric in the transverse or width direction of the fabric is substantially provided by the transverse reinforcement module.
Wird das Fadengelege durch nur einen einzigen Längsfaden gebildet, so erstreckt sich dieser im Wesentlichen in der vorgesehenen Längsrichtung des Filzbandes und kann in Richtung der vorgesehenen Breite des Filzbandes wendelförmig fortschreitend bis zur vorgesehenen Breite des Filzbandes gewickelt sein. Durch das wendelförmige Wickeln des Längsfadens kann ein Längsfadengelege gebildet werden, bei dem sich jede Wicklung des Längsfadens parallel zur vorangehenden und nachfolgenden Wicklung des Längsfadens erstreckt.If the scrim is formed by only a single longitudinal thread, it extends substantially in the intended longitudinal direction of the felt and can be wound helically progressively in the direction of the intended width of the felt belt to the intended width of the felt. By the helical winding of the longitudinal thread, a Längsfadengelege can be formed, in which each winding of the longitudinal thread extends parallel to the preceding and subsequent winding of the longitudinal thread.
Wird das Längsfadengelege aus mehreren Längsfäden, d.h. aus einer Schar von Längsfäden, gebildet, so erstrecken sich die einzelnen Längsfäden im Wesentlichen in der vorgesehenen Längsrichtung des Filzbandes und sind in Richtung der vorgesehenen Breite des Filzbandes nebeneinander angeordnet, hierbei kann die Anordnung der Längsfäden in Richtung der vorgesehenen Breite des Filzbandes wendelförmig fortschreitend bis zur vorgesehenen Breite des Filzbandes gewickelt sein. Durch das wendelförmige Wickeln der Längsfadenanordnung kann ein Längsfadengelege gebildet werden, bei dem alle Längsfäden der Anordnung stets zueinander parallel verlaufen und bei dem sich jede Wicklung eines jeden Längsfadens parallel zur vorangehenden und nachfolgenden Wicklung dieses Längsfadens erstreckt.When the longitudinal thread layer is made up of a plurality of longitudinal threads, i. formed from a family of longitudinal threads, so the individual longitudinal threads extend substantially in the intended longitudinal direction of the felt and are juxtaposed in the direction of the intended width of the felt, in this case, the arrangement of the longitudinal threads in the direction of the intended width of the felt belt progressing helical to be wound to the intended width of the felt. By the helical winding of the longitudinal thread arrangement, a Längsfadengelege be formed, in which all longitudinal threads of the arrangement always parallel to each other and in which each winding of each longitudinal thread extends parallel to the preceding and subsequent winding of this longitudinal thread.
Unter dem Begriff, dass sich der bzw. die Längsfäden im Wesentlichen in Längsrichtung des Bandes erstreck(t)en, soll im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung verstanden werden, dass der bzw. die Längsfa(ä)den des Längsfadengeleges und die Längsrichtung des Filzbandes miteinander einen Winkel von maximal 10°, insbesondere maximal 5° einschließen.In the sense of the present invention, the term that the longitudinal thread (s) extend (s) substantially in the longitudinal direction of the strip should be understood to mean that the longitudinal thread (s) of the longitudinal thread layer and the longitudinal direction of the felt strip together include an angle of a maximum of 10 °, in particular a maximum of 5 °.
Nach eine weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass das Längsverstärkungsmodul durch ein Gewebe und/oder Gewirke und/oder Spiralsieb und/oder Gestricke gebildet ist. In diesem Fall ist es bspw. denkbar, dass durch das Längsverstärkungsmodul die Dimensionsstabilität der Bespannung in Längsrichtung der Bespannung im Wesentlichen bereitgestellt. Ferner ist in diesem Fall denkbar, dass jeweils durch das Querverstärkungsmodul und durch das Längsverstärkungsmodul die Dimensionsstabilität der Bespannung in Quer- oder Breitenrichtung der Bespannung teilweise bereitgestellt wird. In diesem Fall wird bspw. 50% oder mehr der Dimensionsstabilität der Bespannung in deren Quer- oder Breitenrichtung durch das Längsverstärkungsmodul und entsprechend weniger als 50% durch das Querverstärkungsmodul bereitgestellt.According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the longitudinal reinforcement module is formed by a woven and / or knitted fabric and / or spiral screen and / or knitted fabric. In this case, it is, for example, conceivable that the dimensional stability of the clothing in the longitudinal direction of the clothing is essentially provided by the longitudinal reinforcement module. Furthermore, in this case it is conceivable that in each case by the transverse reinforcement module and by the longitudinal reinforcement module, the dimensional stability of the fabric in the transverse or width direction of the fabric is partially provided. In this case, for example, 50% or more of the dimensional stability of the fabric in its transverse or width direction is provided by the longitudinal reinforcement module and, correspondingly, less than 50% by the transverse reinforcement module.
Eine Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht ferner vor, dass das zumindest eine Kettengewirke aus einem einzigen System zueinander parallel angeordneter Schussfäden und aus einem einzigen System aus Maschen bildenden Nähfäden gebildet ist. Dies vereinfacht den Aufbau des Querverstärkungsmoduls weiter.A development of the invention further provides that the at least one warp knitted fabric is formed from a single system of mutually parallel weft threads and from a single system of stitches forming stitching. This further simplifies the construction of the transverse reinforcement module.
Das zumindest ein Kettengewirke ist insbesondere durch ein Nähwirkverfahren, hergestellt, bei dem die Schussfäden während der Maschenbildung mittels Schusseintrag, insbesondere mittels Parallelschusseintrag, zugeführt werden. Beim Parallelschusseintrag werden die Schussfäden parallel zueinander eingetragen und durch die Maschen fixiert. Beim Parallelschusseintrag wird die Relativgeschwindigkeit zwischen der Transportgeschwindigkeit des Schussfadenlegers und der Transportgeschwindigkeit der Transportkette so ausgeglichen, dass die Schussfäden parallel zueinander zum liegen kommen.The at least one warp knit fabric is produced in particular by a stitchbonding method in which the weft threads are fed during weft formation by means of weft insertion, in particular by means of parallel weft insertion. During parallel weft insertion, the weft threads are inserted parallel to one another and fixed by the stitches. When Parallelschusseintrag the relative speed between the transport speed of the weft feeder and the transport speed of the transport chain is compensated so that the weft threads come to lie parallel to each other.
Die Nähfäden bilden ferner insbesondere parallel zueinander angeordnete und sich senkrecht zu den Schussfäden erstreckende Reihen aus Maschen aus, wobei die Schussfäden in die Maschen eingebunden sind. Die Maschenreihen erstrecken sich hierbei in Längsrichtung des Kettengewirkes. Hierbei sind die einzelnen Maschenreihen insbesondere nicht miteinander vermascht, sondern lediglich durch die Schussfäden miteinander verbunden. Vorzugsweise erstrecken sich hierbei die Maschenreihen in Längsrichtung der Bespannung.The sewing threads also form, in particular, rows of stitches arranged parallel to one another and extending perpendicular to the weft threads, the weft threads being bound into the stitches. The rows of stitches extend in the longitudinal direction of the warp knitted fabric. In this case, the individual courses are in particular not meshed with each other, but merely connected to one another by the weft threads. Preferably, the rows of stitches extend in the longitudinal direction of the fabric.
Ferner ist nach eine weiteren Ausgestaltung der Erfindung vorgesehen, dass jeder Nähfaden eine eigene Maschenreihe bildet, wobei insbesondere jeder Schussfaden in eine Masche jeder Maschenreihe eingebunden ist.Further, according to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that each sewing thread forms its own row of stitches, wherein in particular each weft thread is bound into a stitch of each stitch row.
Insbesondere ist die Länge der sich insbesondere in Längsrichtung der Bespannung erstreckenden Maschen in weiten Grenzen stufenlos einstellbar, bspw. vorzugsweise im Bereich zwischen ca. 0,5mm und 5,0mm. Da die Schussfäden in die Maschen der Nähfäden eingebunden sind, kann der Abstand zueinander benachbarter Schussfäden in weiteren Grenzen variierte werden, entsprechend den geforderten bzw. gewünschten Eigenschaften des Querverstärkungsmoduls und/oder der geforderten Produktionsleistung bei der Herstellung des Querverstärkungsmoduls, ohne den Halt der Schussfäden durch die Nähfäden stark zu variieren. Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht daher vor, dass der Abstand der Schussfäden zueinander durch die Länge der Maschen in den Maschenreihen festgelegt ist.In particular, the length of the mesh extending in particular in the longitudinal direction of the fabric is infinitely adjustable within wide limits, for example, preferably in the range between about 0.5 mm and 5.0 mm. Since the weft threads are integrated into the stitches of the sewing threads, the spacing between adjacent weft threads can be varied within further limits, according to the required or desired properties of the transverse reinforcement module and / or the required production output in the production of the transverse reinforcement module without the weft threads being held to vary the sewing threads greatly. A preferred embodiment of the invention therefore provides that the spacing of the weft threads from each other is determined by the length of the stitches in the courses.
Vorzugsweise ist der Abstand zwischen benachbarten Schussfäden bei der Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Kettengewirkes derart variierbar, dass dieses abhängig von den geforderten Eigenschaften eine Schussfadendichte im Bereich von ca. 40 bis 200 Fäden/10cm, vorzugsweise 80-150 Fäden/10cm haben kann.Preferably, the distance between adjacent weft threads in the production of warp knitted fabric according to the invention is variable so that this can have a weft thread density in the range of about 40 to 200 threads / 10cm, preferably 80-150 threads / 10cm depending on the required properties.
Ferner ist es denkbar, dass die Nähfäden dünner sind als die Schussfäden.Furthermore, it is conceivable that the sewing threads are thinner than the weft threads.
Bspw. zur Bereitstellung eines ausreichend hohen inneren Hohlraumvolumens kann es sinnvoll sein, wenn die Schussfäden durch Multifilamentgarne, gebildet sind.For example. to provide a sufficiently high internal void volume, it may be useful if the weft threads are formed by multifilament yarns.
Die Multifilamentgarne können bspw. durch miteinander verzwirnte Monofilamentgarne gebildet sein. Denkbar ist in diesem Zusammenhang bspw. dass die das Zwirn bildenden Monofilamente aus Polyamid (PA) hergestellt sind. Hierbei sind bspw. 4-fach Zwirne oder 10-fach Zwirne sowie alle dazwischen liegenden Stufen denkbar.The multifilament yarns can be formed, for example, by twisted monofilament yarns. It is conceivable in this context, for example, that the yarn forming monofilaments of polyamide (PA) are made. Here, for example, 4-ply threads or 10-ply threads as well as all intermediate levels are conceivable.
Denkbar ist ferner die Schussfäden als Stapelfasergarne auszubilden.It is also conceivable to form the weft threads as staple fiber yarns.
Die Schussfäden können auch durch Monofilamentgarne gebildet sein. Hierbei ist es denkbar, dass die Schussfäden einen runden oder eckigen Querschnitt haben. Denkbar ist im erst genannten Fall, dass die Schussfäden einen kreisrunden oder ovalen Querschnitt haben. Im zweit genannten Fall können die Schussfäden einen trapezförmigen oder rechteckigen Querschnitt haben.The weft threads may also be formed by monofilament yarns. It is conceivable that the weft threads have a round or square cross-section. It is conceivable in the former case that the weft threads have a circular or oval cross-section. In the second case, the weft threads may have a trapezoidal or rectangular cross-section.
Bei den heute bekannten nahtbaren Pressfilzen mit gewobener Grundstruktur bilden die Längsfäden Nahtschlaufen. Um ein Durchführen eines Steckdrahts durch die Nahtschlaufen zu ermöglichen, sind die Längsfäden als Monofilamente ausgebildet. Ferner sind auch die Querfäden bei solchen gewobenen Grundstrukturen als Monofilamente ausgebildet, weshalb eine Verankerung mittels Vernadelung der auf der Grundstruktur angeordneten Faservlieslagen oftmals schwierig ist.In today's seamable press felts with woven basic structure, the longitudinal threads form seam loops. In order to allow passage of a pintle through the seam loops, the longitudinal threads are formed as monofilaments. Furthermore, the transverse threads in such woven basic structures are formed as monofilaments, which is why an anchoring by needling of arranged on the base structure nonwoven layers is often difficult.
Durch die Bereitstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Querverstärkungsmoduls bei dem die Schussfäden durch Multifilamentgarne gebildet sind, kann die Verankerung der Faservlieslagen an der Grundstruktur durch Vernadeln deutlich verbessert werden, da sich die Fasern der Faservlieslage(n) in den Multifilamentgarnen beim Vernadelungsprozess verhaken. Neben oben genannten Multifliamenten können die Schussfäden auch Mehrkomponenten Garne umfassen. Hierbei kann insbesondere eine Komponente aus einem Material sein, die eine geringere Schmelztemperatur als die andere(n) Komponente(n) hat. Denkbar ist bspw. als niedrig schmelzende Komponente ein thermoplastisches Material wie bspw. PA, PP, oder PU zu verwenden, welches bei einer thermischen Behandlung aufgeschmolzen wird und eine verbesserte Verankerung der Fasern der Faservliesstruktur in der Grundstruktur bewirkt.By providing the transverse reinforcement module according to the invention in which the weft threads are formed by multifilament yarns, the anchoring of the nonwoven fabric layers to the basic structure can be significantly improved by needling, since the fibers of the nonwoven fabric layer (n) become entangled in the multifilament yarns during the needling process. In addition to the aforementioned multifilaments, the weft threads may also comprise multi-component yarns. In this case, in particular, a component may be made of a material which has a lower melting temperature than the other component (s). It is conceivable, for example, to use as a low-melting component a thermoplastic material such as, for example, PA, PP, or PU, which is melted during a thermal treatment and effects an improved anchoring of the fibers of the nonwoven structure in the basic structure.
Denkbar ist bspw. als Mehrkomponenten Garn PU/PET-Bikomponentenfäden zu verwenden. Hierdurch wird eine Querverstärkungsstruktur erzeugt, die ein hohes Rückstellvermögen nach deren Kompaktierung im Pressnip hat. Selbstverständlich ist es nicht notwendig, dass alle Schussfäden des die Querverstärkungsstruktur bildenden Kettengewirkes Mehrkomponenten Garne sind. Denkbar ist auch alternierend Mehrkomponentengarne und Garne aus anderen Materialien einzutragen. Denkbar ist auch Mehrkomponenten Garne gleichzeitig mit Garnen anderer Materialien einzutragen. Denkbar ist auch gezwimkte Monofilamentgarne zu verwenden, wobei eines der Monofilamente ein Mehrkomponentengarn ist. Ferner ist denkbar ferner, dass die Schussfäden Stapelfasergarne umfassen, wobei einige der Stapelfasern aus einem Material sind, welches eine geringere Schmelztemperatur hat als andere Fasern des Garns.It is conceivable, for example, to use PU / PET bicomponent yarns as a multi-component yarn. As a result, a transverse reinforcement structure is produced, which has a high resilience after its compaction in the press nip. Of course it is not necessary that all the weft threads of the warp knit forming the transverse reinforcing structure are multi-component yarns. It is also conceivable to enter multi-component yarns and yarns of other materials alternately. It is also conceivable to enter multi-component yarns simultaneously with yarns of other materials. It is also conceivable to use doubled monofilament yarns, one of the monofilaments being a multicomponent yarn. It is further contemplated that the weft yarns comprise staple fiber yarns, with some of the staple fibers being of a material having a lower melting temperature than other fibers of the yarn.
Des weiteren ist denkbar als Schussfäden Garne die PU enthalten oder aus diesen gebildet sind sowie Garne aus PA zu verwenden. In diesem Fall ist es bspw. denkbar Monofilamentgarne aus PU und mehrere miteinander verzwirnte Monofilamentgarne aus PA, bspw. 4-fach Zwirne aus PA, zu verwenden. Bei der Herstellung des Querverstärkungsmoduls können bspw. PU Garne und PA Garne abwechselnd eingetragen werden. Denkbar ist auch, PU Garne und PA Garne gleichzeitig einzutragen.Furthermore, conceivable as weft yarns contain the PU or are formed from these and to use PA yarns. In this case, for example, it is conceivable to use monofilament yarns of PU and a plurality of monofilament yarns of PA twisted together, for example 4-fold yarns of PA. In the production of the transverse reinforcement module, for example, PU yarns and PA yarns can be alternately entered. It is also conceivable to enter PU yarns and PA yarns at the same time.
Bei einem Querverstärkungsmodul mit PA Garnen und PU Garnen eird die Querverstärkung im Wesentlichen durch die PA Garne übernommen, wobei die PU Garne im Wesentklichen das Rückstellvermögen und die Dämpfungseigenschaften des Querverstärkungsmoduls bereitstellen.In a transverse reinforcement module with PA yarns and PU yarns, the transverse reinforcement is essentially taken over by the PA yarns, the PU yarns essentially providing the resilience and damping properties of the transverse reinforcement module.
Die gezwirnten Schussfäden können eine Feinheit im Bereich von ca. 50-500tex, insbesondere ca. 100-400tex, haben. Bei den Nähfäden ist bspw. eine Feinheit denkbar, die bspw. im Bereich von ca. 15-200tex, insbesondere ca. 48-120tex, liegt.The twisted weft threads may have a fineness in the range of about 50-500 tex, especially about 100-400tex. In the sewing threads, for example, a fineness is conceivable which, for example, in the range of about 15-200tex, in particular about 48-120tex, is located.
Die Nähfäden können als Monofilamentgarne, als Stapelfasergarne oder als Multifilamentgarne ausgebildet sein.The sewing threads can be formed as monofilament yarns, as staple fiber yarns or as multifilament yarns.
Denkbar ist ferner, dass die Nähfäden Mehrfachkomponenten Garne umfassen oder aus diesen gebildet sind. Die Mehrfachkomponenten Garne können hierbei eine Komponente umfassen, die eine geringere Schmelztemperatur als die andere(n) Komponente(n) hat. Bei der niedrig schmelzenden Komponente kann es sich um eine Schmelzklebekomponente handeln, die oftmals aus einem thermoplastischen Material ist. Denkbar ist ferner, dass die Nähfäden aus einem Material sind, welches niedriger schmelzend als die Materialien der Schussfäden und der mit der Grundstruktur in Kontakt gebrachten Faservliesstruktur ist. Durch diese Maßnahmen lässt sich die Verankerung der Faservliesstruktur in der Grundstruktur in Verbindung mit einer thermischen Behandlung deutlich verbessern. Die thermische Behandlung kann hierbei mit oder ohne Einwirkung von Druck erfolgen.It is also conceivable that the sewing threads comprise multiple components yarns or are formed from these. The multi-component yarns may in this case comprise a component which has a lower melting temperature than the other component (s). The low melting component may be a hot melt adhesive component which is often a thermoplastic material. It is also conceivable that the sewing threads are made of a material which is lower melting than the materials of the weft threads and the nonwoven structure brought into contact with the basic structure. Through these measures, the anchoring of the fiber fleece structure in the basic structure in conjunction with a thermal treatment can be significantly improved. The thermal treatment can take place here with or without the action of pressure.
Um das innere Volumen des Pressfilzes zu erhöhen kann es ferner sinnvoll sein, wenn zumindest einige der Nähfäden aus einem Material sind, welches nach Fertigstellung der Papiermaschinenbespannung aus dieser herausgelöst werden kann, bspw. mit einem Lösungsmittel. Als mögliches Lösungsmittel ist bspw. Wasser denkbar.In order to increase the internal volume of the press felt, it may also be useful if at least some of the sewing threads are made of a material which can be removed from the material after completion of the paper machine clothing, for example with a solvent. As a possible solvent is, for example, water conceivable.
Eine weitere Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass sich die Dichte der Nähfäden in Querrichtung der Bespannung verändert. Denkbar ist insbesondere, dass die Dichte der Nähfäden in den entlang der Längskanten der Grundstruktur verlaufenden Randbereichen des Querverstärkungsmoduls erhöht ist gegenüber dem zwischen den beiden Randbereichen angeordneten Mittenbereich des Querverstärkungsmoduls. Durch die erhöhte Dichte der Nähfäden in den beiden in Querrichtung der Bespannung betrachteten Randbereichen ist es bspw. möglich, Effekte wie "edge flipping" oder edge curl" zu reduzieren. Des weiteren kann der Randverschleiß der Bespannung durch eine verbesserte Verankerung der Fasern einer Faservlieslage an der Grundstruktur deutlich reduziert werden.A further embodiment of the invention provides that changes the density of the sewing threads in the transverse direction of the fabric. It is conceivable, in particular, that the density of the sewing threads in the edge regions of the transverse reinforcement module running along the longitudinal edges of the basic structure is increased with respect to the middle region of the transverse reinforcement module arranged between the two edge regions. For example, it is possible to reduce effects such as "edge flipping" or "edge curl" due to the increased density of the sewing threads in the two edge regions viewed in the transverse direction of the fabric the basic structure can be significantly reduced.
Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Papiermaschinenbespannung kann es sich bspw. um ein in der Maschine nahtbares Pressfilz handeln. Durch die Bereitstellung einer aus zumindest einem Kettengewirke gebildeten Querverstärkungsstruktur kommt es beim Vernadeln der Faservliesstruktur zu einer deutlich besseren Verankerung der Faservliesstruktur an der Grundstruktur als bei Pressfilzen mit Grundstrukturen ohne Wirkstruktur, wie bspw. gewobenen Grundstrukturen. Hierdurch kann der sog. "peel back"-Effekt im Nahtbereich zumindest reduziert wenn nicht ganz unterbunden werden. Werden zusätzlich noch in dem Querverstärkungsmudul Schmelzklebefasern verwendet, wird die Verbindung zwischen der Grundstruktur und der Faservliesstruktur noch weiter verbessert.The papermachine clothing according to the invention may, for example, be a press felt which is seamable in the machine. By providing an out At least one warp knit formed transverse reinforcement structure it comes when needling the nonwoven fabric structure to a significantly better anchoring of the nonwoven structure to the basic structure as in press felts with basic structures without knit structure, such as, for example, woven basic structures. As a result, the so-called "peel-back" effect in the seam area can at least be reduced if not completely prevented. If, in addition, hot-melt adhesive fibers are used in the transverse reinforcement module, the connection between the basic structure and the fiber-fleece structure is further improved.
Insbesondere zur weiteren Vereinfachung der Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Papiermaschinenbespannung kann es sinnvoll sein, wenn das Kettengewirke flach hergestellt ist.In particular, to further simplify the production of papermachine clothing according to the invention, it may be useful if the warp knitted fabric is made flat.
Unter dem Begriff "flach hergestellt" soll in diesem Zusammenhang eine Abgrenzung zu den Begriffen "endlos oder rund hergestellt" verstanden werden. In diesem Fall ist das Kettengewirke in seiner Länge durch zwei quer zur Längsrichtung der Papiermaschinenbespannung verlaufende Querränder begrenzt.The term "made flat" in this context is to be understood as a distinction from the terms "endless or round produced". In this case, the warp knit is limited in length by two transverse edges running transversely to the longitudinal direction of the papermachine fabric.
Zum Anpassen des Kettengewirkes kann das Kettengewirke in seiner Länge auf ca. die Länge des Umfangs der herzustellenden Bespannung geschnitten werden.To adjust the warp knit, the warp knit can be cut in its length to about the length of the circumference of the fabric to be produced.
Vorzugsweise umfasst das Querverstärkungsmodul zumindest ein Kettengewirke das sich auf der Länge der Bespannung erstreckt. Vorzugsweise ist das Querverstärkungsmodul aus einem einzigen Kettengewirke gebildet, welches sich auf der Länge und auf der Breite der Bespannung erstreckt. Für besonders breite Bespannungen, bspw. für Bespannungen breiter 6-8 Meter, kann es auch sinnvoll sein, wenn das Querverstärkungsmodul aus mehreren, be. zwei, nebeneinander angeordneten Kettengewirken aufgebaut ist, die an ihren zueinander weisenden Längskanten auf Stoß gelegt sind und bspw. durch einen Verbindungsstreifen miteinander verbunden sind, der die auf Stoß gelegten Längskanten überdeckt und somit die beiden Kettengewirke miteinander verbindet. Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung der Erfindung sieht daher vor, das Querverstärkungsmodul aus mehreren sich jeweils auf der Länge der Bespannung und nur auf einem Teil der Breite der Bespannung erstrecken Kettengewirken gebildet ist, die in Querrichtung der Bespannung nebeneinander liegend, sich zusammen zur Breite der Bespannung ergänzend angeordnet sind.Preferably, the transverse reinforcement module comprises at least one warp knit extending along the length of the fabric. Preferably, the transverse reinforcement module is formed from a single warp knit extending along the length and width of the fabric. For particularly wide clothing, for example, for clothing broader 6-8 meters, it may also be useful if the transverse reinforcement module of several be. two, juxtaposed warp knitted fabric is constructed, which are placed at their mutually facing longitudinal edges on impact and, for example, are interconnected by a connecting strip, which covers the longitudinal edges laid on shock and thus connects the two warp knit together. A preferred Embodiment of the invention therefore provides, the transverse reinforcement module is formed of a plurality of each extending over the length of the fabric and only on a portion of the width of the fabric warp knitted fabric, which are juxtaposed in the transverse direction of the fabric, are arranged together complementary to the width of the fabric.
Alternativ dazu kann das Querverstärkungsmodul auch aus einem einzigen Kettengewirke mit geringerer Breite als der Breite der Bespannung gebildet, das sich im Wesentlichen in Längsrichtung der Bespannung erstreckend in Querrichtung der Bespannung wendelförmig fortschreitend gewickelt ist.Alternatively, the transverse reinforcement module can also be formed from a single warp knit having a width smaller than the width of the fabric, which is wound helically progressively extending in the transverse direction of the fabric substantially in the longitudinal direction of the fabric.
Das Kettengewirke kann als Rollenware vorliegen, die entsprechend den Anforderung - bspw. der Länge der herzustellenden Bespannung- in ihrer Länge abgelängt wird.The warp knit may be in the form of a roll which is cut to length in accordance with the requirement, for example the length of the fabric to be produced.
Zum Endlos machen des sich auf der Länge der Bespannung erstreckenden Kettengewirkes werden die Querränder vorzugsweise zueinander auf Stoß gelegt.To make endless of extending over the length of the string warp, the transverse edges are preferably placed to each other in shock.
Ferner ist das Kettengewirke insbesondere mittels eines Verbindungsstreifens endlos gemacht, indem der Verbindungsstreifen die beiden auf Stoß gelegten Querränder überdeckt und in Bereich der beiden Querränder mit dem Kettengewirke verbunden ist.Furthermore, the warp knit is made in particular by means of a connecting strip endless by the connecting strip covers the two abutting transverse edges and is connected in the region of the two transverse edges with the warp knit.
Da das auf die gewünschte Länge abgelängte Kettengewirke an den Querrändem, diese bilden vorliegend Schnittkanten, zum Ausfransen neigt, sieht eine bevorzugte Weiterbildung der Erfindung vor, dass im Bereich zumindest einer der Querränder ein Materialstreifen mit dem Kettengewirke verbunden ist, dessen eine Kante bündig zu dem Querrand verläuft.Since the cut to the desired length warp knitted at the transverse edges, these present cut edges, tends to frazzle, a preferred embodiment of the invention provides that in the region of at least one of the transverse edges of a strip of material is connected to the warp knit, one edge flush with the Cross edge runs.
Vorzugsweise ist in diesem Zusammenhang an beiden Querrändem jeweils ein das Ausfransen des jeweiligen Querrandes verhindernder Materialstriefen angebracht.Preferably, a fraying of the respective transverse edge preventing material strands is attached to both transverse edges in this context.
Um die Markierungsneigung der mit dem(n) Materialstriefen und/oder Verbindungsstreifen hergestellten Bespannung zu reduzieren, ist bzw. sind der Verbindungsstreifen und/oder der Materialstreifen vorzugsweise aus zumindest einer Folie und/oder einen Spinnvlies gebildet. Hierbei kann es sich bspw. um eine Folie aus Polyamid (PA), Polyamid Copolymer (CoPA), Polyethylenterephthalat (PET), Polyethylenterephthalat Copolymer (CoPET), Polyurethan (PU), Ethylenvinylacetat (EVA), Polypropylen (PP), thermoplastisches Polyurethan (TPU) oder Polyvinylacetat (PVA) handeln. Die Folie kann hierbei ein Flächengewicht im Bereich von 10-500g/m2, vorzugsweise 20-60g/m2 haben. Denkbar sind auch Folien aus mehreren Komponenten, wie bspw. PET-PU Folien, PA-PU Folien, PET-PA Folien. Solche Folien können ein Flächengewicht im Bereich von 20-500g/m2, vorzugsweise 20-60g/m2 haben.In order to reduce the marking tendency of the fabric produced with the material strands and / or connecting strips, the connecting strip and / or the material strip is or are preferably formed from at least one film and / or a spunbonded nonwoven. This may be, for example, a film of polyamide (PA), polyamide copolymer (CoPA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polyethylene terephthalate copolymer (CoPET), polyurethane (PU), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polypropylene (PP), thermoplastic polyurethane ( TPU) or polyvinyl acetate (PVA) act. The film may in this case have a basis weight in the range of 10-500 g / m 2 , preferably 20-60 g / m 2 . Also conceivable are films made of several components, such as PET-PU films, PA-PU films, PET-PA films. Such films may have a basis weight in the range of 20-500 g / m 2 , preferably 20-60 g / m 2 .
Das Spinnvlies kann bspw. aus einem oder mehreren der folgenden Polymere gebildet sein:
- CoPA, CoPET, PET, low density Polyethylen (LDPE) oder PA. Die Flächenmasse des Spinnvlieses kann hierbei im Bereich von ca. 10g/m2- 150g/m2 liegen. Da zumindest bei einem Pressfilz die Grundstruktur bei der Herstellung mit einer oder mit mehreren Faservlieslagen vernadelt ist, ist es im Hinblick auf die Permeabilität der fertig gestellten Bespannung nicht notwendig, dass die Folien permeabel sind. Eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung sieht daher vor, dass die Folie(n) ursprünglich, d.h. bei der Verbindung mit dem Kettengewirke, impermeabel ist bzw. sind und erst durch einen Vernadelungsprozess permeabel gemacht wurde.
- CoPA, CoPET, PET, low density polyethylene (LDPE) or PA. The basis weight of the nonwoven web can in this case in the range of approximately 10 g / m 2 - 150g / m 2 are. Since, at least in the case of a press felt, the basic structure is needled during production with one or more nonwoven fabric layers, it is not necessary, in view of the permeability of the finished fabric, for the films to be permeable. A preferred embodiment therefore provides that the film (s) originally, ie in the connection with the warp knit, is or are impermeable and only made permeable by a needling process.
Der Verbindungsstreifen und/oder der Materialstreifen ist insbesondere aufgrund der Einwirkung von Druck und/oder Temperatur mit dem Kettengewirke verbunden. Hierzu ist es insbesondere von Vorteil, wenn der bzw. die Verbindungsstreifen und/oder der Materialstreifen bei einer geringeren Temperatur schmelzen als die Näh- und Schussfäden des Kettengewirkes. Denkbar ist in diesem Zusammenhang auch, dass der (die) Verbindungsstreifen und/oder Materialstreifen bspw. durch Heißdrahtschweißen und/oder Ultraschallschweißen und/oder Laserschweißen miteinander verbunden sind.The connecting strip and / or the material strip is connected in particular due to the effect of pressure and / or temperature with the warp knit. For this purpose, it is particularly advantageous if the or the connection strip and / or the strip of material melt at a lower temperature than the sewing and weft threads of the warp knitted fabric. It is also conceivable in this connection that the connection strip (s) and / or material strips are connected to one another, for example, by hot-wire welding and / or ultrasonic welding and / or laser welding.
Nach einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung umfasst das Längsverstärkungsmodul zusätzlich zu dem bereits beschriebenen Längsfadengelege eine an dem Längsfadengelege angeordnete und mit diesem verbundene Trägerlage. Die Trägerlage erstreckt sich hierbei insbesondere wie das Längsfadengelege auf der gesamten Breite und Länge der Papiermaschinenbespannung.According to a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the longitudinal reinforcement module comprises, in addition to the already described Längsfadengelege arranged on the Längsfadengelege and connected thereto carrier layer. The carrier layer extends in this case, in particular like the longitudinal thread layer, over the entire width and length of the papermachine fabric.
Die Trägerlage kann allein oder in Kombination gebildet sein durch: eine Faservlieslage, eine Folienlage.The carrier layer may be formed alone or in combination by: a nonwoven fabric layer, a film layer.
Vorzugsweise ist das Längsfadengelege in die Faservlieslage eingebettet. Dies kann bspw. dadurch erreicht werden, indem das Längsfadengelege mit der als Faservlieslage ausgebildeten Trägerlage vernadelt wird. Durch den Vernadelungsprozess ist es möglich, dass die Trägerlage hierbei weitestgehend zerstört wird. Die Trägerlage kann in diesem Fall hauptsächlich die Aufgabe übernehmen, die Längsfäden des Längsfadengeleges während des weiteren Herstellungsprozesses des Filzbandes in Position zu halten.The longitudinal thread layer is preferably embedded in the nonwoven layer. This can be achieved, for example, by needling the longitudinal thread layer with the carrier layer formed as a nonwoven fabric layer. By needling process, it is possible that the carrier layer is thereby largely destroyed. The carrier layer can in this case mainly take on the task of keeping the longitudinal threads of the longitudinal thread fabric during the further manufacturing process of the felt in position.
Eine konkrete Weiterbildung der Erfindung sieht vor, dass das Querverstärkungsmodul auf der Trägerlage des Längsverstärkungsmoduls angeordnet und mit dieser verbunden ist. In diesem Fall kann die Trägerlage bspw. entsprechend gestaltet sein, um einfach mit dem Querverstärkungsmodul verbunden werden zu können. Denkbar ist bspw. in diesem Zusammenhang, dass die Faservlieslage Schmelzklebefasern umfasst, so dass das Querverstärkungsmodul mit der Trägerlage des Längsverstärkungsmoduls durch Wärmeeinwirkung verklebt werden kann. Gleichzeitig mit der Wärmeeinwirkung kann die Verbindung zwischen dem Querverstärkungsmodul und dem Längsverstärkungsmodul durch die Unterstützung von Druckeinwirkung weiter verbessert werden. Um dies zu erreichen ist bspw. denkbar, dass das Längsverstärkungsmodul und das Querverstärkungsmodul zur Wärmeeinwirkung gemeinsam um eine beheizte Walze oder durch einen beheizten Pressspalt geführt werden.A concrete development of the invention provides that the transverse reinforcement module is arranged on the support layer of the longitudinal reinforcement module and connected thereto. In this case, the carrier layer, for example, be designed accordingly to be easily connected to the transverse reinforcement module can. It is conceivable, for example, in this context that the nonwoven layer comprises hot melt adhesive fibers, so that the transverse reinforcement module can be bonded to the carrier layer of the longitudinal reinforcement module by the action of heat. Simultaneously with the action of heat, the connection between the transverse reinforcement module and the longitudinal reinforcement module can be further improved by the assistance of pressure. In order to achieve this, it is conceivable, for example, for the longitudinal reinforcement module and the transverse reinforcement module to be jointly guided around a heated roller or through a heated press nip for the purpose of heat action.
Natürlich sind auch andere Verbindungstechniken möglich. Denkbar ist bspw., dass das Querverstärkungsmodul mit dem Längsverstärkungsmodul verbunden ist, indem diese miteinander vernadelt und/oder vernäht und/oder verschweißt sind. Denkbar ist in diesem Zusammenhang bspw. dass das Querverstärkungsmodul endlos gemacht ist und nachfolgend mit einem endlos gemachten oder endlos hergestellten Längsverstärkungsmodul sowie mit einer oder mehreren Faservlieslagen in der Nadelmaschine durch Vernadelung verbunden wird. Hierbei kann die Verbindung nur durch Vernadelung erfolgen oder aber in Kombination mit einer anderen Verbindungstechnik.Of course, other connection techniques are possible. It is conceivable, for example, that the transverse reinforcement module is connected to the longitudinal reinforcement module by needling them together and / or sewn and / or welded. It is conceivable in this context, for example, that the transverse reinforcement module is made endless and is subsequently connected to an endlessly made or endlessly produced longitudinal reinforcement module and to one or more nonwoven fabric layers in the needle machine by needling. Here, the connection can be made only by needling or in combination with another connection technique.
Zur weiteren Vereinfachung der Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung ist es denkbar für die Herstellung der Trägerlage eine vorkonfektionierte Trägerbahn mit geringerer Breite als die Breite des Bespannung zu verwenden. In diesem Fall ist es bspw. denkbar, dass die Trägerbahn aus zumindest einer sich im Wesentlichen in Längsrichtung der Bespannung erstreckenden und in Querrichtung der Bespannung wendelförmig fortschreitend gewickelten Trägerbahn gebildet ist.To further simplify the production of the fabric according to the invention, it is conceivable for the production of the carrier layer to use a prefabricated carrier web with a smaller width than the width of the fabric. In this case, it is conceivable, for example, for the carrier web to be formed from at least one carrier web which extends substantially in the longitudinal direction of the clothing and is wound spirally in the transverse direction of the clothing.
Die Trägerlage wird also in diesem Fall dadurch hergestellt, indem eine sich nur auf einem Teil der vorgesehenen Breite der Papiermaschinenbespannung erstreckende Trägerbahn in Richtung der vorgesehenen Breite der Papiermaschinenbespannung wendelförmig fortschreitend bis zur vorgesehenen Breite der Bespannung gewickelt wird.The carrier layer is thus produced in this case by a wound only on a part of the intended width of the paper machine clothing carrier web in the direction of the intended width of the paper machine clothing is wound helically progressively up to the intended width of the fabric.
Beim wendelförmigen Wickeln können bspw. die zueinander weisenden Ränder der Trägerbahn auf Stoß oder sich bereichsweise überlappend gelegt werden.In helical winding, for example, the mutually facing edges of the carrier web can be placed in abutting or overlapping regions.
Nach einer bevorzugten Ausgestaltung der Erfindung kann die Bespannung eine Grundstruktur umfassen, die bspw. gebildet ist aus
- a) einem sich auf der Breite und der Länge der Bespannung erstreckenden Längsverstärkungsmodul welches umfasst,
- i) ein Längsfadengelege auf der Breite und der Länge der Bespannung, das gebildet ist aus zumindest einem sich im Wesentlichen in Längsrichtung der Bespannung erstrecken Längsfaden und
- eine mit dem Längsfadengelege verbundene sich auf der Breite und der Länge der Bespannung erstreckende Trägerlage und/oder
- ii) ein gewobenes oder spiralisiertes oder gewirktes textiles Flächengebilde, sowie
- b) einem Querverstärkungsmodul gleicher Länge und Breite wie die Bespannung, wobei das Querverstärkungsmodul und das Längsverstärkungsmodul aufeinander angeordnet und miteinander verbundenen sind, und das Querverstärkungsmodul - durch zumindest ein Kettengewirke gebildet ist, das sich auf der Länge der Bespannung und auf der Breite der Bespannung erstreckt und gebildet ist aus zumindest einem System von sich in ihrer Länge zueinander parallel erstreckenden Schussfäden und zumindest einem im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Längserstreckung der Schussfäden verlaufenden System aus Nähfäden, die Maschen bilden in welche die Schussfäden zur Ausbildung eines textilen Flächengebildes eingebunden sind, wobei sich die Schussfäden in ihrer Länge quer zur Längsrichtung der Bespannung erstrecken und eine größere Biegesteifigkeit haben als die Nähfäden.
- a) a longitudinal reinforcement module extending over the width and the length of the fabric comprising
- i) a Längsfadengelege on the width and the length of the fabric, which is formed from at least one substantially in the longitudinal direction of the fabric longitudinal thread and
- a carrier layer connected to the longitudinal thread layer and / or extending over the width and the length of the fabric
- ii) a woven or spiral or knitted textile fabric, and
- b) a transverse reinforcement module of the same length and width as the fabric, wherein the transverse reinforcement module and the longitudinal reinforcement module are arranged and interconnected, and the transverse reinforcement module is formed by at least one warp knit extending on the length of the fabric and on the width of the fabric and formed from at least one system of weft threads extending parallel to each other in their length and at least one system of sewing threads extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the weft threads, forming stitches in which the weft threads are integrated to form a textile fabric, the weft threads being extend in length transversely to the longitudinal direction of the fabric and have a greater flexural rigidity than the sewing threads.
Zu bemerken ist in diesem Zusammenhang, dass das als Gewebe ausgebildete textile Flächengebilde entweder flach oder rund gewebt sein kann.It should be noted in this context that the fabric formed as a fabric may be either flat or round woven.
Zur Bereitstellung eines Pressfilzes ist es insbesondere sinnvoll, wenn auf der zur Papierseite und/oder auf der zur Maschinenseite weisende Seite der Grundstruktur der Bespannung zumindest eine, insbesondere mehrere Faservlieslage(n) angeordnet ist/sind.To provide a press felt, it is particularly useful if at least one, in particular a plurality of nonwoven fabric layer (s) is / are arranged on the side of the basic structure of the fabric facing the paper side and / or on the machine side.
Ein Verfahren zur Herstellung der erfindungsgemäßen Bespannung, insbesondere eines Pressfilzes für eine Papiermaschine, welche eine Länge und eine Breite hat, kann die folgenden Schritte umfassen:
- a) Bereitstellen eines Längsverstärkungsmoduls mit einer Breite und einer Länge, die der Breite und Länge der herzustellenden Bespannung entspricht,
- b) Bereitstellen eines Querverstärkungsmoduls mit einer Breite und einer Länge, die der Breite und Länge der herzustellenden Bespannung entspricht,
- c) Anordnen von Längsverstärkungsmodul und Querverstärkungsmodul aufeinander und
- d) Verbinden des Querverstärkungsmoduls mit dem Längsverstärkungsmodul.
- a) providing a longitudinal reinforcement module having a width and a length corresponding to the width and length of the fabric to be produced,
- b) providing a transverse reinforcement module having a width and a length corresponding to the width and length of the fabric to be produced,
- c) arranging longitudinal reinforcement module and transverse reinforcement module on each other and
- d) connecting the transverse reinforcement module to the longitudinal reinforcement module.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Schritt b) zumindest die Schritte umfasst;
- i) Bereitstellen zumindest eines Kettengewirkes, das gebildet ist aus zumindest einem System sich zueinander parallel erstreckender Schussfäden und zumindest einem im Wesentlichen senkrecht zur Längserstreckung der Schussfäden verlaufenden System aus Nähfäden, die Maschen bilden in welche die Schussfäden zur Ausbildung eines textilen Flächengebildes eingebunden sind, wobei die Schussfäden eine größere Biegesteifigkeit haben als die Nähfäden und wobei das Kettengewirke eine Länge hat, die der Länge der herzustellenden Bespannung entspricht und
dass der Schritt c) zumindest den Schritt umfasst; - ii) aufeinander Anordnen von Kettengewirke und Längsverstärkungsmodul derart, dass sich die Schussfäden des Kettengewirkes schräg oder quer zur Längsrichtung der Bespannung erstrecken.
- i) providing at least one warp knit formed of at least one system of weft yarns extending parallel to each other and at least one system of sewing yarns extending substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the weft yarns, forming stitches in which the weft yarns are incorporated to form a fabric; the weft threads have a greater bending stiffness than the sewing threads and wherein the warp knit has a length which corresponds to the length of the fabric to be produced and
that step c) comprises at least the step; - ii) stacking of warp knit fabric and longitudinal reinforcement module such that the weft threads of the warp knit extend obliquely or transversely to the longitudinal direction of the fabric.
Liegt das Kettengewirke ursprünglich länger als die herzustellende Länge der Bespannung vor, so kann dieses in einem weiteren Schritt iii) verkürzt werden, indem die Nähfäden des Kettengewirkes auf die Länge der herzustellenden Bespannung abgelängt werden.If the warp knit originally is longer than the length of the fabric to be produced, then this can be shortened in a further step iii) by cutting the sewing threads of the warp knit fabric to the length of the fabric to be produced.
Die Reihenfolge der Schritte i)-iii) ist hierbei nicht festgelegt. So ist es bspw. denkbar, dass zuerst der Schritt i) dann der Schritt ii) und anschließend der Schritt iii) durchgeführt wird. Denkbar ist aber auch, dass zuerst der Schritt i), dann der Schritt iii) und als letzter Schritt der Schritt ii) durchgeführt wird.The order of steps i) -iii) is not specified here. Thus, for example, it is conceivable that first step i) then step ii) and then step iii) is carried out. However, it is also conceivable that step i) is carried out first, then step iii) and, as the last step, step ii).
Somit ist denkbar, dass das zumindest eine das Querverstärkungsmodul bereitstellende Kettengewirke zuerst auf die Länge der Bespannung abgelängt wird, bevor das Querverstärkungsmodul und das Längsverstärkungsmodul aufeinander angeordnet werden. Ferner ist somit auch denkbar, dass das Kettengewirke nachdem dieses auf der gesamten Länge der Bespannung auf oder unter dem Längsverstärkungsmodul angeordnet ist, auf die Länge der Bespannung abgelängt wird. Dies kann bspw. geschehen, wenn das Kettengewirke als Rollenware vorliegt und während seiner Anordnung auf dem Längsverstärkungsmodul von dieser abgewickelt wird.Thus, it is conceivable that the at least one warp knit fabric providing the transverse reinforcement module is first cut to the length of the fabric before the transverse reinforcement module and the longitudinal reinforcement module are arranged on top of each other. Furthermore, it is therefore also conceivable that the warp knitted fabric, after being arranged on the entire length of the fabric on or under the longitudinal reinforcement module, is cut to the length of the fabric. This can happen, for example, if the warp knit is in the form of a roll and unwound from it during its placement on the longitudinal reinforcement module.
Es ist des weiteren denkbar, dass das auf die Länge der Bespannung abgelängte Querverstärkungsmodul zuerst endlos gemacht wird, bevor es auf dem bspw. endlos gemachten oder endlos hergestellten Längsverstärkungsmodul angeordnet und nachfolgend mit diesem verbunden wird.It is also conceivable that the transverse reinforcement module cut to the length of the fabric is first made endless, before it is arranged on the, for example, endlessly made or endlessly produced longitudinal reinforcement module and subsequently connected thereto.
Vorzugsweise werden das Kettengewirke und das Längsverstärkungsmodul derart aufeinander angeordnet, dass sich die Nähfäden in Längsrichtung und die sich zu diesen senkrecht erstreckenden Schussfäden in Querrichtung der Bespannung erstrecken.The warp knit fabric and the longitudinal reinforcement module are preferably arranged on top of one another in such a way that the sewing threads extend in the longitudinal direction and the weft threads extending perpendicularly to the latter extend in the transverse direction of the fabric.
Nach dem Ablängen kann das Kettengewirke an jeder Schnittkante mittels dem bereits beschriebenen Materialstreifen kaschiert werden um ein Ausfransen des jeweiligen Querrandes zu verhindern. Vor der nachfolgenden Vernadelung, bei der auf der zur Papier- und/oder auf der zur Maschinenseite weisenden Seite der Grundstruktur jeweils eine oder mehrere Faservlieslagen aufgenadelt werden muss das Querverstärkungsmodul endlos gemacht werden. Dies kann bspw. dadurch geschehen, indem die beiden Querkanten des Querfadenmoduls zueinander auf Stoß gelegt werden und mittels den bereits beschriebenen Verbindungsstreifen miteinander verbunden werden.After cutting to length, the warp knit fabric can be laminated on each cut edge by means of the material strip already described in order to prevent fraying of the respective transverse edge. Before the subsequent needling, in which one or more non-woven fabric layers are to be needled on the side of the basic structure pointing to the paper side and / or on the machine side, the transverse reinforcement module must be made endless. This can, for example, be done by placing the two transverse edges of the transverse thread module in abutment against one another and connecting them to one another by means of the connection strips already described.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von schematischen nicht maßstäblichen Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen:
- Figur 1
- eine Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Querverstärkungsmoduls für eine Grundstruktur eines Pressfilzes in Draufsicht;
Figur 2- eine Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Pressfilzes mit dem Querverstärkungsmodul der
Figur 1 im Querschnitt; Figur 3- eine Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Herstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Papiermaschinenbespannung,
- Figur 4
- eine alternative Ausführungsform eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zur Herstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Papiermaschinenbespannung.
- FIG. 1
- an embodiment of a transverse reinforcing module according to the invention for a basic structure of a press felt in plan view;
- FIG. 2
- an embodiment of a press felt according to the invention with the transverse reinforcement module of
FIG. 1 in cross-section; - FIG. 3
- An embodiment of a method according to the invention for producing a papermachine fabric according to the invention,
- FIG. 4
- an alternative embodiment of a method according to the invention for producing a papermachine fabric according to the invention.
Die
Das Querverstärkungsmodul 1 ist aus zumindest einem Kettengewirke gebildet. Das in der
Ferner erstrecken sich die Schussfäden 2 in Querrichtung CMD der Bespannung und haben eine größere Biegesteifigkeit als die Nähfäden 3. Die Nähfäden 3 erstrecken sich in Längsrichtung MD der Bespannung.Furthermore, the
Die Längsrichtung L des Kettengewirkes wird durch die Längserstreckung der Nähfäden 3 festgelegt, wie die Querrichtung Q des Kettengewirkes durch die Längserstreckung der Schussfäden 2 festgelegt wird. Folglich ist das Kettengewirke so ausgerichtet, dass es sich in seiner Längsrichtung L in Längsrichtung MD der Bespannung erstreckt.The longitudinal direction L of the warp knitted fabric is determined by the longitudinal extent of the
Vorliegend sind die Schussfäden 2 durch Multifilamentgarne, bspw. durch vier miteinander verzwirnte Monofilamente aus Polyamid (PA) gebildet. Die gezwirnten Schussfäden 2 haben eine Feinheit im Bereich von ca. 150tex, wohingegen die Nähfäden eine Feinheit im Bereich von ca. 6,7-14tex haben.In the present case, the
Das in der
Wie aus der Darstellung der
Ferner ist jeder Schussfaden 2 in eine Masche 4 jeder Maschenreihe 5 eingebunden.Furthermore, each
Wie aus der Darstellung der
Das in der
Die
Die Bespannung 10 hat eine lastaufnehmende Grundstruktur 11, die sich in Längsrichtung und in Querrichtung CMD der Bespannung 10 erstreckt.The
Vorliegend ist die Grundstruktur 11 aus einem die Dimensionsstabilität in Längsrichtung MD der Bespannung 10 im Wesentlichen bereitstellenden Längsverstärkungsmodul 12 sowie aus dem in der
Das in der
Ferner umfasst das Längsverstärkungsmodul 12 eine als Faservlieslage ausgebildete Trägerlage 15, in welche das Längsfadengelege 13 eingebettet ist.Furthermore, the
Die Faservlieslage 15 kann hierbei Schmelzklebefasern umfassen. Vorliegend ist das Querverstärkungsmodul 1 mit dem Längsverstärkungsmodul 11 durch Verklebung mit den Schmelzfasern verbunden, d.h. das Querverstärkungsmodul 1 ist auf der Trägerlage 15 angeordnet und mit dieser verbunden.The
Bei der als Pressfilz ausgebildeten Bespannung 10 sind des Weiteren auf der zur Papierseite 16 weisende Seite der Grundstruktur 11 zwei Faservlieslagen 17, 18 angeordnet und mit der Grundstruktur 11 durch Vernadelung verbunden. Hierbei umfasst die die Papierseite 16 bereitstellende obere Faservlieslage 17 feinere Fasern als die zwischen der oberen Faservlieslage 17 und der Grundstruktur 11 angeordnete mittlere Faservlieslage 18.Furthermore, in the case of the
Ferner ist bei der als Pressfilz ausgebildeten Bespannung 10 auf der zur Maschinenseite 20 weisende Seite der Grundstruktur 11 eine Faservlieslage 19 angeordnet, welche mit der Grundstruktur 11 durch Vernadelung verbunden ist und welche die Maschinenseite 20 der Bespannung 10 bereitstellt.Further, in the formed as a press felt covering 10 on the
Die
In dem in der
In dem in der
Nachfolgend wird das Kettengewirke in MD und CMD derart abgelängt, dass die Breite und die Länge des Kettengewirkes der Breite und Länge der herzustellenden Bespannung entspricht.Subsequently, the warp knitted fabric is cut in MD and CMD such that the width and the length of the warp knitted fabric corresponds to the width and length of the fabric to be produced.
Zum Ablängen des Kettengewirkes in MD werden die Nähfäden des Kettengewirkes derart abgelängt, dass die Länge des Kettengewirkes der Länge der herzustellenden Bespannung entspricht.For cutting the warp knit into MD, the sewing threads of the warp knitted fabric are cut to length such that the length of the warp knit fabric corresponds to the length of the fabric to be produced.
Vor dem Ablängen des Kettengewirkes in Längsrichtung MD wird in den beiden Bereichen die jeweils abgelängt werden sollen auf das Kettengewirke ein Materialstreifen 23, 24 aufgebracht, mit dem die nachfolgend beim Ablängen erzeugten Schnittkanten -diese entsprechen den Querkanten, durch welche die Länge des Gewirkes begrenzt wird- gegen ein Ausfransen kaschiert werden.Before cutting the warp knit in the longitudinal direction MD, a
In dem nachfolgend in
Zur Verbindung zwischen dem Längsverstärkungsmodul 12 und dem Querverstärkungsmodul 1 ist des denkbar, das Sandwich aus Längsverstärkungsmodul 12 und Querverstärkungsmodul 1 durch einen beheizten Pressnip 28 zu führen, der aus der Walze 21 und einer bspw. beheizten Gegenwalze 28 gebildet ist, so dass das Längsverstärkungsmodul 12 und das Querverstärkungsmodul 1 durch Einwirkung von Druck und Temperatur miteinander verbunden werden.For the connection between the
Danach ist die Grundstruktur fertig hergestellt und kann in dem in
Eine alternative Möglichkeit zur Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Pressfilzes ist in den
Es wird ein Längsverstärkungsmodul 33 als endloses Band hergestellt. Hierbei kann es sich um ein wie in der
In einem weiteren Fertigungsschritt wird ein erfindungsgemäßes Querverstärkungsmodul 1 bereitgestellt. Hierzu wird ein Kettengewirke auf die vorgesehene Umfangslänge des Pressfilzes abgelängt und bspw. mittels eines als Folie oder Spinnvlies ausgebildeten Verbindungsstreifens 25 oder durch Heißdrahtschweißen endlosgemacht. Beim Endlosmachen kann das das Querverstärkungsmodul 1 bereitstellende Kettengewirke um zwei zueinander parallelen Walzen 31, 32 gespannt werden.In a further production step, an inventive transverse reinforcement module 1 is provided. For this purpose, a warp knitted fabric is cut to the intended circumferential length of the press felt and, for example, by means of a Foil or spunbond formed connecting
In dem in der
Claims (30)
- Paper machine clothing (10), in particular press felt for a paper, cardboard or tissue machine, having a load-bearing main structure (11) which extends in the longitudinal and transverse direction of the clothing (10) and which comprises, in particular is formed froma) a longitudinal reinforcement module (12, 33) that substantially provides dimensional stability in the longitudinal direction of the clothing (10), andb) a transverse reinforcement module (1) that at least partially provides dimensional stability in the transverse direction of the clothing (10), wherein the transverse reinforcement module (1) and the longitudinal reinforcement module (12, 33) are arranged one on top of another and are connected together,
characterized
in that the transverse reinforcement module (1) is formed from at least one warp knit that is formed from at least one system of weft threads (2) that extend parallel to one another lengthwise and at least one system, extending substantially perpendicularly to the longitudinal extent of the weft threads (2), of sewing threads (3) which form loops (4) into which the weft threads (2) are tied in order to form a textile fabric, wherein the weft threads (2) extend lengthwise in an inclined manner, in particular transversely, to the longitudinal direction of the clothing (10) and have greater flexural rigidity than the sewing threads (3). - Paper machine clothing according to Claim 1,
characterized
in that the longitudinal reinforcement module (12, 33) comprises a longitudinal cross-laid structure (13) which is formed from at least one longitudinal thread (14) that extends substantially in the longitudinal direction of the clothing (10) and is progressively wound in a helical manner in the transverse direction of the clothing (10). - Paper machine clothing according to Claim 1 or 2,
characterized
in that the at least one warp knit is formed from a single system of weft threads (2) arranged parallel to one another and a single system of sewing threads (3) forming loops (4). - Paper machine clothing according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized
in that the transverse reinforcement module (1) is produced by a stitch bonding process in which the weft threads (2) are fed during loop formation by means of weft insertion, in particular parallel weft insertion. - Paper machine clothing according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized
in that the sewing threads (3) form rows of loops (4) that are arranged parallel to one another and extend perpendicularly to the weft threads (2), and the weft threads (2) are tied into the loops (4). - Paper machine clothing according to Claim 5,
characterized
in that each sewing thread (3) forms a separate loop row (5). - Paper machine clothing according to Claim 5 or 6,
characterized
in that each weft thread (2) is tied into a loop (4) of each loop row (5). - Paper machine clothing according to one of Claims 6, 7 or 8,
characterized
in that the spacing of the weft threads (2) from one another is fixed by the length of the loops (4) in the loop rows (5). - Paper machine clothing according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized
in that the weft threads (2) are formed by multifilament yarns, in particular by twisted-together monofilaments. - Paper machine clothing according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized
in that the warp knit is produced in a flat manner. - Paper machine clothing according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized
in that the transverse reinforcement module (1) comprises a warp knit that extends along the length of the clothing (10). - Paper machine clothing according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized
in that the transverse reinforcement module (1) is formed from a single warp knit that extends along the length and over the width of the clothing (10). - Paper machine clothing according to one of the preceding Claims 1-12,
characterized
in that the transverse reinforcement module (1) is formed from a plurality of warp knits that each extend along the length of the clothing (10) and only over a part of the width of the clothing (10), said warp knits being located alongside one another in the transverse direction of the clothing (10) and being arranged in a manner coming together to form the width of the clothing (10). - Paper machine clothing according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized
in that the warp knit is bounded lengthwise by two transverse peripheries that extend transversely to the longitudinal direction of the paper machine clothing (10). - Paper machine clothing according to Claim 14,
characterized
in that the transverse peripheries are laid in a manner abutting one another in order to make the warp knit extending along the length of the clothing (10) endless. - Paper machine clothing according to Claim 14 or 15,
characterized
in that the warp knit is made endless by means of a connecting strip (25) which covers the two transverse peripheries that are laid in a manner abutting one another and is connected to the transverse reinforcement module (1) in the region of the two transverse peripheries. - Paper machine clothing according to one of Claims 14-16,
characterized
in that a material strip (23, 24) is connected to the warp knit in the region of at least one of the transverse peripheries, one edge of said material strip (23, 24) extending in a manner flush with the transverse periphery. - Paper machine clothing according to one of Claims 14-17,
characterized
in that the connecting strip (25) and/or the material strip (23, 24) is formed from at least one film and/or a spunbonded fabric. - Paper machine clothing according to one of Claims 14-18,
characterized
in that the connecting strip (25) and/or the material strip (23, 24) is connected to the warp knit by the action of pressure and/or temperature. - Paper machine clothing according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized
in that the longitudinal reinforcement module (12, 33) comprises a carrier layer (15) arranged on the longitudinal cross-laid structure (13) and connected thereto. - Paper machine clothing according to Claim 20,
characterized
in that the carrier layer (15) is formed on its own or in combination by: a fibrous nonwoven layer (17, 18), a film layer. - Paper machine clothing according to Claim 21,
characterized
in that the longitudinal cross-laid structure (13) is embedded in the carrier layer (15) configured as a fibrous nonwoven layer (17, 18). - Paper machine clothing according to Claim 21 or 22,
characterized
in that the fibrous nonwoven layer (17, 18) comprises thermally fusible fibres. - Paper machine clothing according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized
in that the transverse reinforcement module (1) is connected to the longitudinal reinforcement module (12, 33) in that these are adhesively bonded and/or sewn and/or welded together. - Paper machine clothing according to one of the preceding claims
characterized
in that the transverse reinforcement module (1) is arranged on the carrier layer (15) of the longitudinal reinforcement module (12, 33) and is connected thereto. - Paper machine clothing according to one of Claims 21 to 25,
characterized
in that the longitudinal cross-laid structure (13) is needled to the carrier layer (15) configured as a fibrous nonwoven layer (17, 18). - Paper machine clothing according to one of Claims 20-26,
characterized
in that the carrier layer (15) is formed from at least one carrier web that extends substantially in the longitudinal direction of the clothing (10) and is progressively wound in a helical manner in the transverse direction of the clothing (10). - Paper machine clothing according to Claim 27,
characterized
in that, in the case of helical winding, mutually facing peripheries of the carrier web are laid in a manner abutting one another or in a regionally overlapping manner. - Paper machine clothing according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized
in that at least one fibrous nonwoven layer (37, 38) is arranged on that side of the main structure (11) of the paper machine clothing (10) that faces the paper side (16) and/or on that side of the main structure (11) of the paper machine clothing (10) that faces the machine side (20). - A method for producing a clothing (10), in particular a press felt for a paper, cardboard or tissue machine, which has a length and a width, comprising the following steps of:a) providing a longitudinal reinforcement module (12, 33) having a width and a length which correspond to the width and length of the clothing (10) to be produced,b) providing a transverse reinforcement module (1) having a width and a length which correspond to the width and length of the clothing (10) to be produced,c) arranging the longitudinal reinforcement module (12, 33) and the transverse reinforcement module (1) one on top of the other, andd) connecting the transverse reinforcement module (1) to the longitudinal reinforcement module (12, 33),
characterized
in that step b) comprises at least the steps of:i) providing at least one warp knit that is formed from at least one system of weft threads (2) that extend parallel to one another lengthwise and at least one system, extending substantially perpendicularly to the longitudinal extent of the weft threads (2), of sewing threads (3) which form loops (4) into which the weft threads (2) are tied in order to form a textile fabric, wherein the weft threads (2) have greater flexural rigidity than the sewing threads (3) and wherein the warp knit has a length which corresponds at least to the length of the clothing (10) to be produced, and
in that step c) comprises at least the step of:ii) arranging the warp knit on the longitudinal reinforcement module (12, 33) such that the weft threads (2) of the warp knit extend lengthwise in an inclined manner, in particular transversely, to the longitudinal direction of the clothing (10).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE200810043855 DE102008043855A1 (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2008-11-19 | Paper machine clothing, particularly press felt for paper, cardboard or tissue machine, has load bearing base structure, which extends in longitudinal and in lateral direction of clothing |
DE200910002175 DE102009002175A1 (en) | 2009-04-03 | 2009-04-03 | Covering i.e. press felt, for use in e.g. cardboard machine, has weft threads extending transversely to longitudinal direction of covering and exhibiting greater bending stiffness than sewing threads |
PCT/EP2009/064833 WO2010057802A2 (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2009-11-09 | Paper machine covering and method for the production thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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EP2358939A2 EP2358939A2 (en) | 2011-08-24 |
EP2358939B1 true EP2358939B1 (en) | 2015-04-29 |
Family
ID=41697944
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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EP09748122.0A Revoked EP2358939B1 (en) | 2008-11-19 | 2009-11-09 | Paper machine covering and method for the production thereof |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US20110294386A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2358939B1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN102325939A (en) |
BR (1) | BRPI0916035A2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010057802A2 (en) |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102008043917A1 (en) | 2008-11-20 | 2010-05-27 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Press felt and process for its production |
DE102011004568A1 (en) * | 2011-02-23 | 2012-08-23 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Press section of a machine for producing a fibrous web |
DE102011007286A1 (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-10-18 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Method for producing a continuous module for a paper machine clothing |
DE102011007291A1 (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-10-18 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Method for producing a module, in particular endless module, for a paper machine clothing |
US9045846B2 (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2015-06-02 | Goodrich Corporation | Spiral textile and system for weaving the same |
US9404218B2 (en) | 2013-02-06 | 2016-08-02 | Astenjohnson, Inc. | Press felt base fabric exhibiting reduced interference |
CN111304833B (en) * | 2020-03-18 | 2024-08-23 | 山东民烨耐火纤维有限公司 | Ceramic fiber integral module production system |
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US3948722A (en) | 1973-07-28 | 1976-04-06 | Scapa-Porritt Limited | Warp knitted paper maker's felt and method for the production thereof |
WO1989003300A1 (en) | 1987-10-07 | 1989-04-20 | The Draper Felt Company, Inc. | Papermaker press felt |
EP0290653B1 (en) | 1987-05-14 | 1990-04-11 | Thomas Josef Heimbach GmbH & Co. | Material web |
EP0464258B1 (en) | 1990-06-13 | 1996-03-13 | Thomas Josef Heimbach GmbH & Co. | Felt, in particular paper making felt, and method for making the same |
FR2727442A1 (en) | 1994-11-24 | 1996-05-31 | Cofpa | Blanket for wet section of a paper-making machine |
US20020102894A1 (en) | 2001-01-26 | 2002-08-01 | Hansen Robert A. | Spirally wound shaped yarns for paper machine clothing and industrial belts |
EP1837440A1 (en) | 2006-03-21 | 2007-09-26 | Helmbach GmbH & Co.KG | Method for manufacturing a felt sheet and felt sheet |
WO2008095055A1 (en) | 2007-01-31 | 2008-08-07 | Albany International Corp. | Subassembly for industrial fabrics |
Family Cites Families (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN101041922B (en) * | 2006-03-21 | 2010-06-09 | 亨巴赫有限公司&两合公司 | Method for manufacturing a felt sheet and felt sheet |
DE102008000915A1 (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2009-10-08 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Press felt and process for its production |
-
2009
- 2009-11-09 EP EP09748122.0A patent/EP2358939B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2009-11-09 CN CN2009801460885A patent/CN102325939A/en active Pending
- 2009-11-09 BR BRPI0916035A patent/BRPI0916035A2/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-11-09 WO PCT/EP2009/064833 patent/WO2010057802A2/en active Application Filing
-
2011
- 2011-05-19 US US13/111,291 patent/US20110294386A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1560729A1 (en) | 1963-05-18 | 1969-09-25 | Akad Wissenschaften Ddr | Rubber belt, especially for conveyor belt systems |
DE1660765A1 (en) | 1967-09-15 | 1971-08-05 | Richard Dilo | Process for producing endless paper machine felts or technical tubular felts and apparatus for carrying out the process |
US3948722A (en) | 1973-07-28 | 1976-04-06 | Scapa-Porritt Limited | Warp knitted paper maker's felt and method for the production thereof |
EP0290653B1 (en) | 1987-05-14 | 1990-04-11 | Thomas Josef Heimbach GmbH & Co. | Material web |
WO1989003300A1 (en) | 1987-10-07 | 1989-04-20 | The Draper Felt Company, Inc. | Papermaker press felt |
EP0464258B1 (en) | 1990-06-13 | 1996-03-13 | Thomas Josef Heimbach GmbH & Co. | Felt, in particular paper making felt, and method for making the same |
FR2727442A1 (en) | 1994-11-24 | 1996-05-31 | Cofpa | Blanket for wet section of a paper-making machine |
US20020102894A1 (en) | 2001-01-26 | 2002-08-01 | Hansen Robert A. | Spirally wound shaped yarns for paper machine clothing and industrial belts |
EP1837440A1 (en) | 2006-03-21 | 2007-09-26 | Helmbach GmbH & Co.KG | Method for manufacturing a felt sheet and felt sheet |
WO2008095055A1 (en) | 2007-01-31 | 2008-08-07 | Albany International Corp. | Subassembly for industrial fabrics |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
Title |
---|
"Eine Pressfilz-Innovation von Heimbach Matrix, Runnability Multiaxial", HEIMBACH, August 1999 (1999-08-01), pages 1 - 6, XP055269679 |
"Innovationen bei Papiermaschinen-Bespannungen von Heimbach", WOCHENBLATT FÜR PAPIERFABRIKATION, May 2004 (2004-05-01), pages 498 - 502, XP055269657, ISSN: 0043-7131 |
HEIMBACH: "Zeitenwende bei Pressenfilzen Matrix, Das multiaxiale Modul-Konzept", HEIMBACH, 2004, pages 1 - 8, XP055269677 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2358939A2 (en) | 2011-08-24 |
CN102325939A (en) | 2012-01-18 |
WO2010057802A2 (en) | 2010-05-27 |
US20110294386A1 (en) | 2011-12-01 |
WO2010057802A3 (en) | 2012-08-16 |
BRPI0916035A2 (en) | 2015-11-17 |
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