DE6915637U - TEXTILE BODY. - Google Patents

Description

DIPL-CHEM. DR.ELISABETH JUNG 8 MDK ¹ CNEN 23 £

DIPL-CHEM. DR. VOLKER VOSSIUS "^ I" ³ °

DIPL-PHYS. DR. JÖRGEN SCHIRDEWAHN ί "^? ⁰ """ ^{5 INVENT / U0NCHEN}

PATENT LAWYERS

April 18, 1971 C.E .: 1 G-293-b3 / 1 Dr.D / Ar / Gr

BAYKRISCIIE 'aOLLPILZFABRIKEN KG,

Offermann, Zeiler, Schmid & Co., Offingen / Danube

Textile body and its application

The invention relates to those made by composite processes flexible part bodies in which a fleece or felt is stabilized by a support insert made of woven or knitted fabric is.

It is known (see e.g. Swiss Patent 36 So1), a insert such a support insert between two wool fleece layers and to felt and mill this product so that the wool fibers felt through the support insert and thereby create the bond.

It is also known to have a full flow layer on only one On the side of a support fabric made of synthetic fibers and the composite by needling the wool fleece layer on the supporting fabric using a needle bench.

The anchors, which act as barbs, pull

j exercises provided needles of the needle bank through the wool fibers

the meshes of the supporting fabric through and densify and

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tangle the back of the full fibers to a more or less coherent, narrow second fiber layer on the side of the looseness of the supporting fabric, so that in this I ^: all of the one-sided wool felt flag, the supporting fabric has the character For example, it is known to use this method to produce an undercollar material that can be molded by pinning a fullfold layer onto one side of a diagonal fabric that can be molded.

Furthermore, it is also known to needle a fleece layer onto a support insert made of a woven or knitted fabric or optionally also a crossing thread layer from both sides. This is the given method when the fleece is a non-entangling synthetic fiber fleece; for example, such so-called "needle felts" have recently been offered for dry filtration purposes. In a known needle felt of this type, a polyacrylonitrile fiber fleece is needled on one side of a polyamide fabric. The process of sewing a layer of fleece on both sides of a support insert is, however, also useful when using wool fleece if you want to achieve a composite effect that goes beyond the natural felting effect of the wool fibers in a felting and boiled finish; So it is known to produce a dry filtration body for air purifiers, dust separators or product winners, in which the filter body is exposed to great mechanical loads, a wool fleece layer on both sides on a per se filmed 69 15 6 57; 6.9. 7 '" ^{3 /}

tongue-sensitive support insert made of synthetic fabric or Needling knitted fabrics and then compressing and solidifying this product by felting and milling (see German utility model 1 968 333).

Normally, "normal fabric" (or knitted fabric) is used as a support insert, which extends in the longitudinal direction of the textile body web has running warp threads and weft threads running in the transverse direction. Such a normal, owebe prevents undesirable Elongation of the textile body when the tensile loads run in the direction of the thread "If, however, tensile stresses run diagonally, the textile material can expand in this diagonal direction and then lose its dimensional stability, for the guarantee of which one normally provides the supporting fabric in itself. An exception is made the above-mentioned undercollar material, in which a so-called diagonal fabric is used instead of a normal fabric, in which the thread direction is inclined to the direction of the textile web in order to enable the undercollar material to be passable.

The invention is based on the general object of creating textile bodies of the type mentioned at the beginning, which Ensure dimensional stability under tension forces not only in the longitudinal and transverse direction, but also in the diagonal direction or at least only slightly stretchable in these directions.

To solve this problem, the invention proceeds from the above

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known textile bodies, explained in more detail, in which at least one fleece layer is pinched onto a support insert. The dimensional stability is achieved, that in accordance with the I r the invention, the support insert two superposed woven or knitted - includes positions in which d ¹ "threads of one layer intersect the threads of the other layer obliquely The cohesion of this composite can in this case only?. can be obtained by the needle method; of course, it is also possible to use additional bonding agents, such as stitching or subsequent felting of a fleece consisting of full fibers.

To produce the two layers of the support insert, it is even possible to use the same fabric as that used for the one layer a normal cut and a diagonal cut is used for the other layer; of course, different ones can also be used Woven or knitted fabrics can be used.

The invention is not specific to the use either Restricted types of fleece or fiber. The thread material of the two layers of the support insert can be the same or alternatively be different and apart from synthetic threads, e.g. from polyamide or polyacrylonitrile, also from natural threads, e.g. from Wool or cotton. Likewise, the fleece can alternatively be made from coll fibers, which advantageously, over not necessary, further compacted by felting and kalking after needling and solidified, or consist of non-entangling fibers. Synthetic ones play in the latter

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Fibers play the main role, be it as non-shrinkable or else also as a shrinkable fleece.

Also with regard to the fiber orientation in the fleece, different Structures depending on the desired properties of the Finding combinations of textile material, e.g. longitudinal fiber fleece, outer fiber fleece or random fiber fleece. In the case of the longitudinal fiber fleece, the fleece overlay of the support insert already gives a certain amount Tensile strength in the direction of the longitudinal orientation of the fibers of the longitudinal fiber fleece. 'V.'ern one then the warp threads of the fabric of the allows a fabric layer of the support insert to run in the direction of the longitudinal orientation of the fibers of the longitudinal fiber fleece these warp threads (also written "warp threads") not to be quite as strong as the weft threads running across them, in order to to achieve the same tensile strength both in the longitudinal and in the transverse direction. The same applies if a wool fleece is still converted into a wool felt by felting and / or fulling.

Possible uses of such textile bodies according to the invention can be found in the field of lining materials, clothing, slippers, upholstery, saddles and the like. where the needled fleece layer has a sound-absorbing or cushioning effect.

In addition to the use of the textile body according to the invention for such normal textile fields of application, the invention provides in particular the use of the textile bodies according to the invention

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as a filter body for filtering dry gases, gas mixtures, Air and the like, as they are in filters for dry filtration, such as air purifiers, dust separators or product winners, to be needed.

This is because filter bodies for dry filtration are often used not just designed, but have the shape of a sack, hose or bag. In the latter cases, in particular, you can noticeable transverse tensile stresses also occur during the filtration operation, when using textile bodies according to the invention as a filter body, this no longer results in a disadvantageous change in shape of the filter body can lead in the transverse direction ..

It goes without saying that the term "textile body" also includes a not yet cut bales of the corresponding textile web is included, in addition, this term naturally includes all possible cut shapes in the various areas of application, be it as a special filter body or as a textile part a slipper, etc. Accordingly, the invention also extends accordingly to the respective body in which the Textile body is built in, e.g. the corresponding dry filter, the slipper, etc.

The invention is illustrated in the following with reference to schematic drawings explained in more detail using several exemplary embodiments. Show it:

1 shows a cross section through a section of a textile body

according to the invention with a one-sided fleece overlay on the
Support unit agc;

Fig. 2 is a cross section through a portion of an alternative Textile body according to the invention with fleece overlay on both sides on the support insert, as well as the

FIGS. 3 to 7 composite elements of textile bodies according to FIG. 1 or 2, namely

3 shows a normal fabric and FIG. 4 shows a diagonal fabric in
Top view, which together can form the two fabric layers of the support insert of a textile body according to FIG. 1 or 2, and

FIGS. 5 to 7 basic representations of various possible embodiments of the nonwoven overlay layer (s) of a textile body according to Fig. 1 or 2, wherein

5 shows a transverse fiber fleece,
6 shows a longitudinal fiber fleece and
7 shows a random fiber fleece
illustrated.

The two textile bodies according to FIGS. 1 and 2 both have a support insert made of two superimposed fabrics or Knitted fabrics - layers 1 and 3, with one layer 1 on

Normal woven (or knitted) according to FIG. 3 and the other layer is a diagonal fabric (or knitted fabric) similar to FIG. Of simplicity for the sake of this, we will only speak of tissues in the following, it goes without saying, however, that knitted fabrics are also intended to be covered with this at the same time.

It does not matter whether the normal fabric is at the top or at the bottom; 1, the N'ornalgewcbclage 1 is accordingly in Fig. arranged on the diagonal fabric layer 3, while the Normalge \\ ^r ebelage 1 is arranged under the Diagonalgcwebelage in Fig. 2.

Instead of a diagonal fabric with a rhombus-like mesh shape, Like the diagonal fabric 3 of FIG. 4, a diagonal fabric with a square mesh shape can also be used find which from the normal fabric of the Tig. 3 only by rotation at 45. But one can also use the honeycomb-shaped diagonal fabric shown in FIG Gain diagonal dressing of the normal fabric according to FIG. 3, with the diagonal dressing from the square Mesh shape of the normal fabric according to FIG. 3, the rhombic mesh shape of the diagonal fabric according to FIG. 4 is produced. It It is also to be understood that the invention does not apply to the use of normal fabrics with a square mesh shape

is limited.

In the textile body according to FIG. 1, a fiber fleece layer 5 is needled on only one side of the support insert 1, 3; in the textile body according to FIG. 2, on the other hand, there is one each

Fiber fleece layer 5 on both sides of the support insert 1, 3, d. H. both above and below, pinned on. But even with the textile bodies according to FIG. 1, the needling on a, however, relatively narrow fiber fleece .hicht 7 on the the support layer 5 facing away from the side of the support insert, so that this rightly bears its name "insert" even when the fleece layer is needle-punched on one side. By the way, you can Select the thickness of the two layers to be different even in the case of a double-sided fleece layer covering according to FIG. 2. Normally one becomes in the textile body according to FIG. 2 di ^ 'two layers connect to the support insert by double-clicking, from both sides (top and bottom); in some In cases, however, a modification form can also be conceivable in which the overall composite can even be formed by needling on one side manufactures.

The fiber webs 5 can transverse fiber webs 5a according to FIG. 5, Longitudinal fiber webs 5b according to FIG. 6 or random fiber webs 5c according to FIG. 7. The transverse fiber fleece 5a is a pure Quef fiber fleece shown. In its place, however, a combined longitudinal and transverse fiber fleece can be used, in which etA \ »a one Longitudinal fiber layer 12 according to Fig. 6, two crossing cross fiber

] were 7 and 9 according to FIG. 5 and again a longitudinal fiber layer

■ 12 according to FIG. 6 in single or multiple successive

• are stratified.

When using a longitudinal fiber fleece 5b according to FIG. 6 is recommended

: it itself, the warp threads Io of the one layer 1 of the support insert

forming norinal tissue according to FIG. 3 and the longitudinal fiber orientation of the longitudinal fiber fleece 5b to be chosen the same. Then in

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Direction of the warp 1o the Dchnun 's cs ti <\ ness other to a TeJl of the warp 1o and 2111.1 part with: ensuring appropriately oriented longitudinal lasers 12 of the web, it is advisable to obtain, an equally good tensile strength and the cross direction, to train the weft threads 14 of the Normalge-WCbes correspondingly stronger. The warp threads 16 and weft threads 1S of the diagonal structure 3 according to FIG. 4 can: · be designed to be equally strong.

The same applies if a combined longitudinal and diagonal fleece is used instead of a pure longitudinal fiber fleece.

A tangled fiber fleece 5c can in a known manner by means of a so-called fleece former working in the blowing process are produced, so that the individual fibers 2o are completely irregular cross.

For one of the two layers 1 and 3 or possibly also together for both layers of the support insert, as well as for the one-sided or double-sided fleece layer 5 of the textile body according to Fig * 1 or 2 can be depending on the requirements Natural, especially wool, or synthetic fibers are used. The connection of the different plies and layers can can be carried out exclusively by the needling process, albeit an additional running process, an additional one Adhesion of the like not excluded if necessary shall be.

If the fleece overlay 5 is made of V.'olle, it can still be used

after wheeling, additionally by felting and / or 'fulling in A wool felt layer with corresponding shrinkage and additional Convert entanglement of the fibers. But Ls can also with pure, needle-punched fleece, also made of wool fiber, in particular but can be made from shrinkable or, alternatively, from non-shrinkable synthetic fibers.

The textile bodies described were specially designed for the purpose designed as a filter body for dry filtration use to be able to find, which is hardly stretchable even in the diagonal direction. However, the textile bodies described can Also of further importance for all other textile applications in which a fleece or felt are used where it depends on low elasticity regardless of the direction of the stretching stress.

If the textile body is specially designed for dry feeding purposes o Is to be used, it is useful if the felt or the fleece is made from a mixture of primarily the fine pores determining short fibers and primarily the tensile strength of the felt or the fleece determining long fibers.

When using a combined longitudinal and transverse fiber felt, it has proven useful if the absolute value of the angle of inclination of the transverse fiber layers 7, 9 with respect to the longitudinal fiber layer 12 is between \ S ° and 75, preferably at 6o. Such a fiber arrangement can easily be achieved by means of a Krcuzkrempcl and a subsequent longitudinal crimper.

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For this reason, loosely adjusted synthetic materials are used Supporting fabric made of polyamide, especially polyacrylonitrile, The same material can be used for door plastic films.

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Claims (24)

Il I · * · I I - 13 - Schutζan sayings 1. Textile body in which at least one fleece layer is needled on a support insert, characterized in that the support insert zv: egg laid one on top of the other Has woven or knitted layers (1, 3) in which the threads (1o, 14) of one layer (1) are the threads Cross (16, 18) of the other layer (3) at an angle. 2 Textile body according to claim 1, characterized in that the two layers (1, 3) of the support insert are held together solely by the needled fleece (5). 3. Textile body according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a non-woven layer 5 each both sides of the support insert (1, 3) is needled (Fig. 2). 4. Textile body according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that both layers (1, 3) of the Support insert made of synthetic threads. 5. Textile body according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that one layer (1 or 3) the support insert consists of synthetic threads and the other layer (3 or 1) consists of natural fibers. 6. Textile body according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized 691563716.9.71 - u - ^u - gekennzc I η et that both layers (1 _f 3) of the support insert consist of natural fiber threads. 7. Textile body according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the natural fiber threads (12, 14, and / or 1S) are made of! full or cotton. 8. Textile body according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the fleece (F) wool fleece is. 9. Textile body according to claim 8, characterized in that the V-wool fleece (5) after needling towards the support insert (1, 5) by felting and / or milling Wool felt is trained. Ic. Textile body according to one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized characterized in that the fleece (5) is a non-shrinkable synthetic fiber fleece. 11. Textile body according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the fleece (5) is a shrinkable synthetic fiber fleece. 12. Textile body according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the two layers (1 , 3) of the support insert consist of the same or similar woven or knitted fabrics which lie on top of one another at an oblique crossing. 13. Textile body according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the warp thread
(1o) of the fabric of the one fabric layer (1) run in the longitudinal direction of the fabric web. 14. Textile body according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the warp thread (1ο) of the fabric of one fabric layer (1) at an angle of about 45 ° to the warp thread (16) of the fabric of the other ' Place the fabric cover (3). 15. Texti ¹ body according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the felt or «nonwoven layer (5) on the support insert (1, 3) is a longitudinal fiber felt or nonwoven (5b). 16. Textile body according to claim 15, characterized in that the warp thread (1o) of the fabric of the one fabric layer (1) of the support insert (1, 3) in the direction of the longitudinal orientation of the fibers (12) of the felt or fleece
run and the weft threads Π 4) of this fabric are stronger than its warp thread. 17. Textile body according to one of claims 4, 5 or 1o, characterized in that the synthetic Fibers (7, 9, 12, 1o, 12, 14 and / or 16) consist of polyacrylonitrile. I>: ■> 'ti - 16 - Ιΰ 18. Textile body according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized marked that each has a different strength Fleece or felt layer (5) is provided on both sides of the support insert (1, 3). 19. Textile body according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the fabric (1, 3) of the Support insert is loosely adjusted. 20. Textile body according to one of claims 1 to 19, characterized characterized in that the felt or the fleece consists of a mixture of primarily the fine pores determining short fibers and primarily long fibers that determine the tensile strength of the felt or fleece. 21. Textile body according to one of claims 1 to 2o, characterized in that the felt or the fleece (5a) is formed fiber-crossed. 22. Textile body according to claim 21, characterized in that the felt or the fleece consists of a single or multiple, preferably multiple, sequence of a longitudinal fiber layer (12), one for this at a helix angle standing transverse fiber layer (7), egg in front of under with the opposite oriented further transverse fiber layer (9) and another longitudinal fiber layer (12) providing the same angle of inclination. - 17 / 23. Textile body according to claim 22, characterized characterized that the absolute value of the inclination angle of the transverse fiber layers compared to the longitudinal fiber layer between 45 and 75, preferably 6o. 24. Textile body according to one of claims 1 to 14 and 17 to 2o, characterized in that the Felt or the fleece (5c) is formed in a random fiber layer (2o). Dr.S / Ar. / Gr