DE4330824A1 - Process and apparatus for consolidating the second surface of a bulky fleecy fabric already consolidated on one side - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a process for consolidating the second surface of a bulky fleecy fabric already consolidated on one side, by means of mesh-like fibre loops, at a knitting station of a fleece-knitting machine, the said knitting station being equipped with compound needles. With the aim of ensuring constant dimensions of the fleecy fabric and of providing modified fleecy fabric structures, the process is varied to the effect that the consolidated first surface (11) of the fleecy fabric (1) is supplied at a distance below the range of movement of the needle tip (2), and that the needles (2) grasp with their hooks (21) fibres of the loose fleece elements (120) at a distance above the bending-off guide (73), draw them through the slots of comb-shaped supporting sinkers (41), so as each to form a loop, and knock over the previously formed stitch during the sinking of the loop behind the knock-over plane (311), and that the loop just formed is also included as a new stitch (122) as a result of the supporting effect of that edge (412) of the supporting sinkers (41) facing the knock-over plane and, during the renewed expulsion of the needles (2), is carried onto the shank of its needle. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a method for Verfe the second surface is already one-sided solidified voluminous nonwoven with the help of ma leg-shaped fiber loops, on one with slider equipped knitting point of a nonwoven knitting machine, the second, unconsolidated surface of the nonwoven fabric-free, preferably wrinkle-shaped non-woven elements made of a predominantly longitudinally oriented fleece, and the first, already solidified surface of the Nonwoven, approximately in the needle plane with the free Fleece elements fed perpendicular to it and Bend at a defined distance from the teeing edge about parallel to the tee level of the knitting point will.

With the DE patent application 42 20 338 a Method and device for solidifying the second surface of an already solidified on one side Nonwoven fabric proposed.

The one-sided solidified nonwoven becomes one, or a second knitting point of a nonwoven knitting machine, for example fed in the needle plane and there immediately before the range of movement of the needle tip in the pull-off direction distracted.

Before the discount level of the second knitting point is there a second, predominantly transversely oriented fleece leads.  

The fiber layer of this fleece is covered by the needles pierced and the fiber strands from the unconsolidated th, loose fibers of the nonwoven are through this taphole, forming a loop backwards pulled out. The applied on the shaft of the needle ne, previously formed loop, in this form as Known stitch, is on the legs of this Schlin knocked off. This creates on the second surface a mesh-like formation. The fibers in the core of the nonwoven remain in one Get loose shape. They are of relatively solid and stable surfaces that are also one for many Applications have sufficient lubricity, limited and protected.

For stable guidance of the first, solidified surface surface of the nonwoven fabric in front of the active site for the The second surface is stabilized via a stationary bar about in the plane of the needles Active site fed and in the defined decency of whose tee level is deflected in the direction of withdrawal.

In the practical implementation of this procedure showed, however, that due to the difference Liche frictional behavior of the needle hooks by chance detected fibers, the already solidified surface of the Non-woven fabric to different degrees to the tee level the second active site was used.

The result was different thicknesses and under different densities of the nonwoven.

Such differences led to different ones Properties that differ depending on the intended use cause decorative usage values.  

On the other hand, in this known method of the hook of the pusher needles is limited and often very different number of fibers for formation the fiber loops gripped. The mesh of the second Nonwoven surface became irregular.

The proposed procedure left neither reliable structuring of those described there Nonwoven variant, another targeted modification for other areas of application too. Above all, the realization of larger problems caused problems Cross-sections and securing a evenly curd density in the core area of the nonwoven with sufficient accordingly secure connection of the two nonwoven surfaces chen.

The cross-connection between the Wales, mainly on the second nonwoven surface. Most of the feed there at the discount level cross-oriented fleece insufficiently secured the Connection of adjacent wales. The fibers of this fleece are only at the clamping point len between the mesh head and the mesh base of the following Mesh held more or less by accident.

The strength of the nonwoven is sufficient above all half for many areas of application.

Under these conditions, the fibers are this additional fleece also not suitable, in interaction with the teeth of a swinging inclusion comb the stitches of the wales during the Reliable application on the tee edges of the Ab to hold impact boards.  

The result is that this also results in the thickness of the fleece material is additionally differentiated.

The aim of the invention is to make a nonwoven fabric the same he to manufacture determinable thickness and structure.

The object of the invention is that of the second knitting point to be trained with fiber loops as even a number of fibers as possible, with as much as possible low force to extend to a defined length and when applying this noose to the needle shaft the same safely on the tapping edge of the second knitting place to include. It must be ensured that the connection between between the two consolidated nonwoven surfaces even with larger volumes and low density of the core area remains sufficiently firm and within the frame as similar as possible to any structure within limits can be designed moderately.

According to the invention, this object is achieved by the in Proof 1 defined procedures solved.

The process steps selected achieve that the fibers are caught in one place by the needle hook on which they hook this hook without major opposition stood follow. A relatively large proportion of fibers cross there Plane of movement of the needle hook and is in the Schlin gene formation and thus into the stitch formation on the second nonwoven surface included.

The support plate comb prevents the forces that when forming the loops occur on the location of the first consolidated nonwoven surface impact to the tee level.  

The presence of the back of the support board causes that the legs of the newly formed, to the stitch Support the shaped loop on it when the After knocking the needle back into the starting position fiber moving moved.

Secure the elements and procedural steps mentioned, that the stitch on the needle breast increases this order movement as close as possible to the discount level remains.

In sum, these measures have the effect that the specified thickness of the nonwoven with a low tole satchel can be guaranteed. Both nonwoven surfaces are covered with an even aqueous mesh structure.

The achieved according to claim 1, stable structure of the The loop can be formed into loops the additional fabrics, by means of their the loops are pulled during the tee stroke.

The elasticity of the stitch holes causes the Fibers of the loop legs are compressed and the legs get a higher internal strength.

Another positive effect of this, according to claim 2, integrated fabric is the one close the stitches formed on the tee in the extreme case, form-fitting during application can be guaranteed. The end result is the precision of the thickness of the fleece fabric further increased. The nonwoven surface is preserved through this measure a significantly higher strength, predominantly in the transverse direction.  

The feeding of a fabric in front of the support plati NEN according to claim 3 has the effect that the stability the first solidified surface not only in the Level of this surface, but also regarding the transverse forces is improved.

The feeding of fabrics between the levels the support surfaces and the tee level according to claim 4 enables a further increase in the stability of the Nonwoven. Such a fabric can optionally, depending depending on the area of application of the nonwoven fes, with the feeding of fabrics according to An Proverbs 2 and 3 can be combined. The feeding of additional fibers into the hook of the Needle supports an even, stable shape the meshed heads of the Schlin conditions, even with larger thicknesses of the nonwoven. These have fibers bound into the loops also sections that are between two or more extend adjacent wales. she represent a welcome stabilization of the situation of the Leg of the loop in the area between the fleece fabric surfaces without a prefabricated To use fabrics.

It has proven useful, both free Fleece elements as well as the curable fibers Guide the tamper defined in the needle hook.

Due to the defined design of the cavities inside of the nonwoven fabric, it is possible to insert fabrics there bring with which the properties of the nonwoven depending on the selected area of application can be changed.  

The introduction of such substances is hollow tete, preferably funnel-shaped support or on locking plates possible. This way both free-flowing, as well as liquid substances inside of the nonwoven are introduced.

The one appropriate for carrying out the process The design of the device is defined in claim 8. It enables the process to be made with the slightest changes with the point of action of a conventional nonwoven knitting machine can be realized.

The design of the support surfaces according to claim 9 si makes sure that it did not involve in the loop formation fibers in a defined layer close to it most, solidified fleece surface and a jam in the level of stitch formation avoided becomes.

The embodiment according to claim 10 creates the advance setting for the implementation of the process Claim 3.

The embodiment according to claim 11 enables a adjustable, stable thickness of the nonwoven fabric can be put. It also forms the basis lay for the fact that defined structures in the Ab face and in the middle of the nonwoven, form conclusively managed, can be incorporated.

Modification of feeders for feeding Layers of curable fibers, according to claim 13 always connected that the hooks of the needles in Feed area of these fibers is still open and close are capable.  

The swing-driven fleece tamper secure them Presence of a sufficient amount of fibers in the Needle hook. If the layer of curable fibers in front of the support surface che of the support ridge fed, it makes sense, too Fibers of the unconsolidated surface of the nonwoven in front of the effective edge of the tamper.

The design of the support or inclusion comb Claim 16 allows the introduction of free-flowing or liquid substances in the cavities of the nonwoven during the knitting process. Due to the offset movement, especially the inclusion comb, it is possible to make a kind of jersey tie produce. The mesh legs of the slings are in this Trap through the enclosure boards on the Teeing level held without there being an additional one Fabric must be fed. The invention is intended to perform some of the following examples are explained in more detail. In the associated Drawings show:

Fig. 1 shows a cross section through the Maschenbil-making zone of a fleece knitting machine for the purpose mentioned in its simplest embodiment,

Fig. 2 is an illustration of FIG. 1 with chem zusätzli Einschließkamm, with pusher, with a supply of an additional layer kulierfähiger fibers and a Flächenge image before the knock-over edge,

Fig. 3 is an active site of FIG. 1 with the Zufüh tion of a sheet in front of the supporting surface,

Fig. 4 is an active site of FIG. 1 with a feed comb closing with a layer kulierfähiger fibers between the supporting board and A,

Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of the support boards for introducing a liquid or Rieselfähi gene substance and

FIG. 6 shows an embodiment of the knitting point according to FIG. 2 with an additional feed for a flat structure between the support plates and the inclusion comb.

The point of action for solidifying the second surface of a non-woven fabric solidified on one side either on the knitting machine on which the first Nonwoven surface has already been consolidated or on a second nonwoven machine, that of the first nonwoven knitting machine makes sense immediately adjacent is set up.

The second variant should be given preference, because it's easier here, additional fabrics and / or layers of curable fibers clearly and usable feed.

Additional flat structures 131 , 132 , 133 are preferably understood to be textile flat structures, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics, and consolidated nonwovens.

However, that does not exclude that as flat structures also foils, or thin, flexible layers from others Fabrics can be used.

A layer of curable fibers 141 , 142 , 143 is understood to mean a fleece or pile that contains or contains relatively loose fibers that are not regularly gripped by three or more needles simultaneously for the purpose of forming loops. The layer can be solidified before.

The active site consists in a manner known per se from a series of slide needles 2 , to which needle slides 23 are assigned. Both elements 2 , 23 are arranged in bars and can be moved in a manner known per se. Transverse to this is the tee 3 , which passes through the needle lanes from below with its tee boards 31 . At a distance from this tee 3 , in particular from its tee level 311 , a stationary, adjustable guide bar 7 is arranged, the upper surface 71 of which serves for the defined feeding of the nonwoven fabric 1 consolidated on one side. This surface 71 is parallel to the plane of the row of needles 2 at a distance below this angeord. This distance is chosen approximately so that the hooks 21 of the needles 2 can grasp the upward, unconsolidated, loose nonwoven parts 120 approximately in the middle of their length and form them into loops.

The optimum of this distance should be tested be determined. It is from the design of the fleece depending on fabric structure. A larger distance is fine stig for the formation of the loop itself.  

A smaller distance ensures a favorable design of the inclusion behavior, in particular in the embodiment according to FIGS . 1 and 3.

The finished nonwoven fabric 1 is pulled down approximately parallel to the impact plane and parallel to the surface 72 of the guide bar re.

The fibers caught by the hooks 21 of the needles 2 are pulled in the direction of the tee 3 . The forces occurring in the unconsolidated fleece parts 120 are absorbed by the support plates 41 . This support boards 41 are part of the Stützplati nenkammes 4 , which is mounted adjustable above the needle level. The support boards 41 pass through the lanes between the needles 2 . The support surfaces 411 of these sinkers are directed in the needle plane perpendicular to the shafts of the needle 2 . Below the needle level, this support surface 411 is inclined to the tee level 311 .

The support boards 41 form the counter bearing when the loops are formed. They prevent the wetting forces from affecting the position of the non-woven fabric 1 ', which is consolidated on one side. The fibers not included in the loop formation are guided between the apex 73 of the guide bar 7 and in the direction of the knock-down plane 311 of the support plate 41 .

This ensures that the already consolidated nonwoven surface 11 is securely held on the vertical guide surface 72 of the guide bar 7 . On the other hand, there is enough space to prevent the fibers from jamming in this area at the stitch formation zone.

The fibers that are not formed into a loop become thereby at a defined position of the nonwoven fabric positio niert and condensed.

With the embodiment of FIG. 2, the active site is modified. In order to ensure an exact thickness of the nonwoven fabric 1 and a precise, form-fitting connection of the nonwoven fabric surface consolidated by the wales 12 , an additional, dense sheet 131 is supplied in the knockdown plane 311 .

The inclusion plate 5 ensures the exact position of this sheet 131 during the stitch formation process.

On the one-sided solidified nonwoven fabric 1 ', a layer of curable fibers 143 is placed on the upward-facing, wrinkle-shaped nonwoven parts 120 . A tamper 6 , which is vertically swinging, brings fibers of this layer and the loose fleece elements 120 in sections into the area of the open needle hooks 21st This ensures that a sufficient amount of free fibers always get into the needle hook 21 so that it can provide a sufficiently strong loop for stitch formation.

Fig. 3 shows a further, relatively simple variant of the active site. Here, work is optionally carried out without a tamper 6 . An additional sheet 133 is fed in front of the support surface 411 of the support plates 41 . As a result, the first, solidified nonwoven surface is additionally stabilized. The feet of the slings are positioned exactly and additionally clamped.

In the device according to FIG. 4, an inclusion comb 5 is provided. A layer of curable fibers 142 is fed between the inclusion comb 5 and the support plate 41 . A tamper 6 'supports the section-wise introduction of these fibers 142 in the still open needle hook 21st

This ensures that additional fibers are available for forming the mesh layer 12 on the second nonwoven surface. The additional fibers are intertwined with the fibers of the free fleece elements 120 .

These fibers fed here also secure additional ones lateral connections between adjacent Loops.

In the embodiment according to FIG. 5 it is shown by way of example how it is possible to introduce free-flowing substances into the cavities of the nonwoven. The support boards 42 are hollow and open at the bottom. The support plate bar 4 is also hollow and open at the top. It has feeds from a store 8 for the free-flowing substances 81 . The vibrations in the formation of stitches ensure that these materials are continuously supplied 81 .

As free-flowing substances 81 , substances can be used with which the properties of the nonwoven material can be changed.

Such substances are e.g. B. cement or fine-grain granules lat of a plastic material. It is useful in this case both nonwoven form surfaces as densely as possible.  

The free-flowing substances 81 should not be able to escape again before solidification.

A modification of the embodiment of FIG. 2 is shown in FIG. 6. The supply of the curable fibers 141 between the pusher 6 and the support plate 41 has the advantage that the fleece elements 120 can be more intensively connected to the fibers of the layer 141 .

The between the supporting boards 41 and the enclosing boards 51 additionally supplied textile or equivalents sheet 132 ensures additional binding of the legs of the loops approximately in the middle of the nonwoven fabric 1st

It is within the meaning of the invention that all elements shown individually or in combination can be combined in any way depending on the desired properties of the nonwoven fabric 1 .

Reference list

1 nonwoven
1 ′ nonwoven, consolidated on one side
11 1st solidified. surface
111 - wales (stitches)
12 2nd solidified. surface
120 non-woven elements, free, loose
121 - wales (stitches)
122 - stitch on needle shaft (applied)
131 , 132 , 133 fabrics, dense
131 ′ , 132 ′ 133 ′ fabrics, tight, integrated
141 , 142 , 143 layer, fibers, can be cut
2 needles
21 needle hooks
22 needle bar
23 closing wire (slider)
3 discount
31 tee board
311 tee-off level
4 support plate comb
41 , 41 ' , 41'' support board
411 support surface
412 back
42 support plate, hollow
5 inclusion comb
51 enclosing boards
6 , 6 ′ tamper
7 guide bar
71 guide surface, horizontal
72 guide surface, vertical
73 crown
8 containers (storage)
81 fabric, flowable

Claims (20)

1. Method for consolidating the second surface of a voluminous nonwoven that has already been consolidated on one side

• - with the help of mesh loops,
• at a knitting point of a nonwoven knitting machine equipped with pusher needles,
• - Wherein the second, unconsolidated surface of the nonwoven fabric has free, preferably fold-shaped nonwoven elements made of a predominantly longitudinally oriented fleece, and
• - the first, already consolidated surface of the nonwoven,
• - About in the needle plane with the free fleece elements directed upwards and
• - subtracting at a defined distance from the tapping edge approximately parallel to the tapping plane of the active site,

characterized,
that the solidified, first surface ( 11 ) of the nonwoven fabric ( 1 ) is fed at a distance below the range of movement of the needle tip ( 2 ),
that the needles ( 2 ) with their hooks ( 21 ) fibers of the loose fleece elements ( 120 )

• - Detect at a distance above the turning guide ( 73 ),
• - Each forming a loop through the alleys comb-shaped support plates ( 41 ) and pull
• - When forming the loop behind the knock-off level ( 311 ) knock off the previously formed stitch, and

that the loop just formed as a new stitch ( 122 )

• - Also enclosed by the supporting effect of the edge facing the tee ( 412 ) of the support plates ( 41 ) and
• - is applied to the shaft of your needle when the needles ( 2 ) sprout again.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that between the support plates ( 41 ) and the tee level ( 311 ) of the active area sheet ( 131 , 132 , 133 ) are presented. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that in front of the support surface ( 411 ) of the support plates ( 41 ) flat structure ( 133 ) guided positively and the loops are drawn through the stitch holes in the surface structure ( 133 ). 4. The method according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that approximately centrally between the support surfaces ( 411 ) of the support plates ( 41 ) and the tee level ( 311 ) surfaces structure ( 132 ) are fed and the loops also through the stitch holes in this fabric ( 132 ) can be drawn. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the region in which the hooks (21) are open to the needles (2) for the purpose of inclusion of fibers, in addition at least one layer kulierfähiger fibers (141, 142 , 143 ) is supplied. 6. The method according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the free nonwoven elements ( 120 ) of the nonwoven fabric ( 1 ') and / or the curable fibers of the layer ( 14 ) in sections by means of tampers ( 6 ) in the region of the open needle hooks ( 21 ) are performed. 7. The method according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that in the inserted from the sheet ( 131 , 133 ) delimited and spaced by the legs of the Schlin gene cavities in the nonwoven fabric ( 1 ) during the knitting process pourable substances ( 81 ) are filled . 8. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1 to 7, wherein the active site for the solidification of the second surface is assigned:

• - A stationary guide bar ( 7 ) for the first, already consolidated surface ( 11 ) of the nonwoven fabric ( 1 '), at a defined distance from the tee plane ( 311 ), close to the plane of movement of the needles ( 2 ), and
• a comb-shaped element which is arranged transversely to the needle plane and whose teeth penetrate the needle lanes from above, characterized in that

that the upper guide edge ( 71 ) of the guide bar ( 7 ) extends at an adjustable distance from the needle plane ( 2 ) to close below the hook region ( 21 ) of the needle in its driven position, and
that the comb-shaped element as a support comb ( 4 ) is formed whose the tee ( 3 ) facing away support surfaces ( 411 ) of the teeth near the tee ( 3 ) facing the boundary ( 72 ) of the guide bar ( 7 ) are adjustably positioned. 9. The device according to claim 8, characterized in that the support surfaces ( 411 ) of the support comb ( 4 ) are inclined below half the needle plane ( 2 ) in the direction of the tee plane ( 311 ). 10. The device according to claim 8 and 9, characterized in that in front of the support surfaces ( 411 ) of the support comb ( 4 ) ends a feed for a sheet ( 133 ). 11. The device according to claim 8 to 10, characterized in that between the support comb ( 4 ) and the tee level ( 311 ), a lock comb ( 5 ) is arranged. 12. The apparatus according to claim 8 to 11, characterized in that between the support comb ( 4 ) and the inclusion comb ( 5 ) and / or between the inclusion comb ( 5 ) and from the impact plane ( 311 ) each have a feed for a sheet ( 132 , 131 ) ends. 13. The apparatus of claim 8 to 12, characterized in that at least one of the feeds for a Flachge form ( 131 , 132 , 133 ) is designed as a feed for a layer of ku lierbaren fibers ( 141 , 142 ). 14. The apparatus according to claim 8 to 13, characterized in that the feed for a layer of curable fibers ( 141 , 142 , 143 ) is assigned a vibrating nonwoven tamper ( 6 , 6 '). 15. The apparatus according to claim 8 to 14, characterized in that before the support surface ( 411 ) of the support comb ( 4 ) ends a feed for a layer of curable fibers ( 141 ) and an oscillating driven tamper ( 6 ) is provided, the effective tamping edge also crosses the unconsolidated surface ( 120 ) of the non-woven material ( 1 ') consolidated on one side. 16. The apparatus according to claim 8 to 15, characterized in that the teeth of the support and / or inclusion comb ( 4 ; 5 ) are designed as hollow bodies ( 42 ) open at the bottom and on their upper side with a memory ( 8 ) for self-sufficient Fabrics ( 81 ) are connected. 17. The apparatus according to claim 8 to 16, characterized in that the chimney ( 4 ; 5 ) extending to close to the tee level ( 311 ) in the rhythm of the Nadelbe movement in alternating directions is displaceably driven by at least one needle pitch.