DE2848471C2 - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gegenständen auf Zellulosebasis - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gegenständen auf ZellulosebasisInfo
- Publication number
- DE2848471C2 DE2848471C2 DE2848471A DE2848471A DE2848471C2 DE 2848471 C2 DE2848471 C2 DE 2848471C2 DE 2848471 A DE2848471 A DE 2848471A DE 2848471 A DE2848471 A DE 2848471A DE 2848471 C2 DE2848471 C2 DE 2848471C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- oxide
- water
- weight
- cellulose
- solution
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B16/00—Regeneration of cellulose
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B1/00—Preparatory treatment of cellulose for making derivatives thereof, e.g. pre-treatment, pre-soaking, activation
- C08B1/003—Preparation of cellulose solutions, i.e. dopes, with different possible solvents, e.g. ionic liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Polysaccharides And Polysaccharide Derivatives (AREA)
- Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Description
C = 21.59 - 2.59 ■ (Gew.-% Wasser)
r>
CH2-
/ |
O | \ | CH2 | CH- |
CH2
\ |
H O | \ / | CH3 | / | CH3 |
\ | \ | N | ||||||||
/ \ | \ | |||||||||
/ | ||||||||||
— O | ||||||||||
bis zu 12,5 | bis zu 31 |
bis zu 21 | bis zu 44 |
5.5-20 | 1-22 |
7-29 | 5-15 |
5-10 | 2-7,5 |
bis zu 17.5 | 5-17,5 |
5,5-17 | 1-20 |
P | Tabelle I | Beispiel | 28 48 | %H2O | 471 | Temp. °C | Röntgenstrahlen | — | Lösung | |
φ, | Ergebnisse Form | N. D. | ||||||||
ι | % Cell. | (Kristalli | ||||||||
I | sa tioriLgrad) | N. D. | ||||||||
ς | i | VI-I | 16,7 | 90- 95 | I + Il | I (0,95) | teilweise | |||
life '■■M |
Dimethylcyclo- | I (0,95) | ||||||||
$ | hexylamin-Oxid | Vl-2 | 16,7 | 5 | 90- 95 | I + II | Am | teilweise | ||
It.-
?>'■ |
VI-3 | 14,75 | 90- 95 | Am | ja | |||||
10 | I 45 | VI-4 | 14.75 | 10 | 90- 95 | 11 | N. D. | ja | ||
•A | VI-5 | 14.75 | 5 | _90- 95 | N. D. | ja | ||||
I | VI-6 | 14.75(25% DMSO) | 10 | 103-108 | N. D. | ja | ||||
VI-7 | 14,75(25% DMSO) | 15 | 103-108 | N. D. | Ja | |||||
VI-8 | 10,9 | 5 | 95-100 | N. D. | ja | |||||
15 | F 50 | Vl-9 | 10,9 | 10 | 95-100 | N. D. | ja | |||
VI-IO | 4,5 | 5 | 110-120 | zersetzt | nein | |||||
Vl-Il | 27-29 | 10 | 100 | N. D. | ja | |||||
Triäthylamin- | VI-12 | 27-29(25% DMSO) | 22,87 | 100 | N. D. | ja | ||||
Oxyd | VI-13 | 25 | 5 | 80- SO | I | nein | ||||
20 | 55 | N-Methylpipe- | 5 | |||||||
ridin-Oxyd | Vl-14 | 17,5 | 5 | 115-120 | Il | ja | ||||
VI-15 | 17,5 | 115-120 | Il | ja | ||||||
VI-16 | 14,05 | 5 | 95-100 | II + Am. | ja | |||||
VI-17 | 14,05 | 10 | 95-100 | Il | ja | |||||
25 | bO | VI-18 | 9 | 5 | 105-120 | Il | ja | |||
Vl-19 | 2,6 (berechnet) | 10 | 105-120 | Il | teilweise | |||||
VI-20 | 19,9 | 16 | 90- 95 | 1 (0,92) | nein | |||||
N-Methylmor- | 17,5 | |||||||||
pholin-Oxyd | VI-21 | 19.9 | 5 | 90- 95 | I (0,93) | nein | ||||
30 | b) | VI-22 | 17,7 | 90- 95 | ja | |||||
VI-23 | 17,7 | 10 | 90- 95 | I + II | teilweise | |||||
VI-24 | 24.27 | 5 | 105-112 | I (0,94) | nein | |||||
VI-25 | 24,27 | 10 | 110-112 | I (0,93) | nein | |||||
VI-26 | 15,5 | 5 | 100-105 | amorph | ja | |||||
Vl-27 | 15,5 | 10 | 100-105 | amorph | ja | |||||
VI-28 | 5,53 | 5 | 110-120 | Il | ja | |||||
Vl-29 | 17,8(80 : 20 A.O.: DMF) | 10 | 65- 70 | N. D. | ja | |||||
N-Methylhomo- | 22,6 | |||||||||
piperidin-Oxyd | VI-30 | 23,9 | 10 | 105-110 | I (0,94) | nein | ||||
VI-31 | 23,09 | 105-110 | I (0,94) | nein | ||||||
Vl-32 | 11.28 | 5 | 105-110 | Il | ja | |||||
N-Methylhomo- | 10 | |||||||||
piperidin-Oxyd | VI-33 | 11.28 | 5 | 105-110 | II | ja | ||||
VI-34 | 20,0 | 85-100 | II | ja | ||||||
VI-35 | 20,0 | 10 | 85-100 | II | ja | |||||
VI-36 | 15 | 5 | 80- 85 | I (0,94) | nein | |||||
Dimethyläthanol | 10 | |||||||||
amin-Oxyd | Vl-37 | 15 | 5 | 80- 85 | I (0,93) | nein | ||||
VI-38 | 15 | 100-105 | 1(0,91) | nein | ||||||
VI-39 | 15 | 10 | 100-105 | I (0,93) | nein | |||||
VI-40 | 14.8 | 5 | 80- 85 | I | nein | |||||
Vl-41 | 14.8 | 10 | 80- 85 | I | nein | |||||
V1-42 | 11.3 | 5 | 80- 85 | II + Am. | ja | |||||
V1-43 | 11.3 | 10 | 80- 85 | II + Am. | ||||||
V1-44 | 10,2 | 5 | 80- 85 | Il | ja | |||||
VI-45 | 10,2 | 10 | 80- 85 | II + Am. | ja | |||||
VI-46 | 6 | 5 | 95-120 | Il | ja | |||||
Vl-47 | 3,5 | 10 | 95-120 | ja | ||||||
VI-48 | 16,76(75 :25 a.Ο.: DMF) | 15 | 75- 80 | ja | ||||||
Dimethylbenzyl- | 16,5 | |||||||||
amin-Oxyd | VI-49 | 32,2 | 10 | 80- 90 | nein | |||||
VI-50 | lb.83 | 105-110 | nein | |||||||
VI-51 | 16,83 | 10 | 105-110 | nein | ||||||
VI-52 | 13,04 | 5 | 105-110 | ja | ||||||
VI-53 | 13.04 | 10 | 105-110 | ja | ||||||
VI-54 | 5.r) | 5 | 115-120 | ja | ||||||
10 | ||||||||||
r> | ||||||||||
Struktur: Zellulose-I.
Struktur: Überwiegend Zellulose-II. ' 30
Struktur: Zellulose-Il.
Struktur: Zellulose-Il.
Struktur: Zellulose-1.
ίο Struktur: Überwiegend Zellulose-Il.
Struktur: Zellulose-Il.
Fotografie: Keine Fasern sichtbar.
Struktur: Zellulose-Il.
(A, B = Zellulosegehalt - %)
Krislalle, erstmals beobachtet
(C, D = Zcllüloscgchait - %)
10 | 77,0 | 20.3 | 2,7 | 77,5 | 20,7 | 1,8 | — | — | _ | 90-94 |
11 | 76.4 | 20,4 | 3.2 | 77.4 | 20,7 | 1.9 | — | — | — | 72 |
12 | 82,3 | 10,3 | 7,4 | 83,2 | 10,5 | 6,3 | 79.9 | 15.6 | 4,5 | 72 |
13 | 78,8 | 15,4 | 5,8 | — | — | — | 88,3 | 6.0 | 5,7 | 72 |
14 | 86.0 | 5,8 | 8,2 | — | — | — | _ | — | — | 72 |
15 | 78,5 | 17,2 | 4,3 | 79.3 | 17,3 | 3.4 | — | — | — | 72 |
16 | 74,8 | 23,8 | 1,4 | 74.9 | 24,3 | 0,9 | 83.4 | 12.4 | 4,3 | 72 |
17 | 81,6 | 12,0 | 6,4 | — | — | — | — | — | — | 72 |
18 | 74.4 | 22,2 | 3,5 | 75,0 | 22,5 | 2.6 | 91,7 | 2,3 | 6,1 | 72 |
19 | 87,7 | 2,2 | 10,1 | — | — | — | 84.7 | 10,8 | 4,5 | 72 |
20 | 82,4 | 10,4 | 7,2 | — | — | — | 82,5 | 15,4 | 2,1 | 90-94 |
21 | 79,6 | 15,3 | 5,2 | — | — | — | 85.6 | 8,4 | 6,0 | 90-94 |
22 | 83,1 | 8,0 | 8,1 | 72 | ||||||
Beispiel | IX | |||||||||
Tabelle III
Meßwerte von Versuchen mit N.N-Dimethyleyclohexylamin-N-Oxyd
Probe | Lösung, erstmals beobachte! | °/o Zellu | % H2O | Lösung | "/(. Zellu | % Hj.O | Krislalle, crsinials be< | «/«Zellu | lbadiiel | Lösciemp. |
Nr. | lose | lose | lose | l°C) | ||||||
Analyse | 24,8 | 7,3 | 25,0 | 6,3 | 25.4 | |||||
°/oAmin- | 28,1 | 4,5 | % Aniin- | _ | — | "/(i Aniin- | 29,9 | "/,ι I !,O | ||
N-Oxyd | 20,4 | 7,2 | N-Oxyd | — | _ | N-O\yil | 20,5 | |||
23 | 67,9 | 15,5 | 11.3 | 68,7 | — | — | 72,0 | 15,8 | 2.6 | 87 |
24 | 67,5 | 10,8 | 13,0 | — | 11,4 | 12,2 | 68,7 | 12.3 | 1.5 | 87 |
25 | 72,4 | 4,7 | 13,4 | — | 5,0 | 12,6 | 74,5 | 5,6 | 5,0 | 87 |
26 | 72,2 | 2,2 | 18,1 | — | 2.3 | 15,4 | 78.7 | 2,3 | 5,5 | 87 |
27 | 76,2 | 32,9 | 2,6 | 76,4 | _ | — | 80.1 | — | 7,6 | 87 |
28 | 81,9 | 13.1 | 10,6 | 82,4 | 13,6 | 9,0 | 85,5 | 13,9 | 9,0 | 87 |
29 | 79,7 | 82,3 | 88.7 | 8.0 | 87 | |||||
30 | 64.5 | _ | _ | _ | 110 | |||||
31 | 76,3 | 77,5 | 80,9 | 5,2 | 110 | |||||
Fotografie: Geringe Anzahl von N-Oxyd-Kristallen sichtbar. Die Lösung kristallisiert rasch, wenn Druck
Meßwerte von Versuchen mit N,N-Dimeihyläthylanolamin-N-Oxyd
1 | 80,1 | 2,4 | 17,8 | 76,1 | 7,2 | 15.8 | 80,8 | 7,6 | 12,2 | 94- 95 |
2 | 75,2 | 7,0 | 17,0 | 70,9 | 22,6 | 4,5 | 72,6 | 23,3 | 3,8 | 94- 95 |
3 | 70,9 | 21,0 | 7,8 | 71,6 | 23,8 | 4,3 | 72,2 | 23,8 | 3,8 | 94- 95 |
4 | 70,9 | 22,7 | 6,0 | 74,0 | 12,9 | 12,0 | 78,1 | 13,5 | 7,6 | 94- 95 |
5 | 73,3 | 13,0 | 12,4 | 79,9 | 10.8 | 8.7 | 81,3 | 10,9 | 6,6 | 94- 95 |
6 | 75,7 | 10,5 | 13,8 | — | — | — | 76,8 | 19,2 | 4.9 | 94- 95 |
7 | 71,5 | 18,1 | 9,8 | 72,6 | 19.5 | 7.8 | 76.0 | 19,7 | 4,2 | 110-117 |
8 | 71,5 | 18.8 | 9,5 | 80,5 | 11,4 | 7.8 | 81.1 | 11,9 | 6,8 | 110-117 |
9 | 75,7 | 10,9 | 13,0 | Hierzu 3 | Blatt | Zeichnungen | 110-117 | |||
Claims (4)
ajj) die Strukturformel
C = 32,38 - 2,21 ■ (Gew.-% Wasser)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US05/854,957 US4145532A (en) | 1977-11-25 | 1977-11-25 | Process for making precipitated cellulose |
US05/938,907 US4196282A (en) | 1977-11-25 | 1978-09-01 | Process for making a shapeable cellulose and shaped cellulose products |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2848471A1 DE2848471A1 (de) | 1979-06-07 |
DE2848471C2 true DE2848471C2 (de) | 1984-06-28 |
Family
ID=27127269
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE2848471A Expired DE2848471C2 (de) | 1977-11-25 | 1978-11-08 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Gegenständen auf Zellulosebasis |
Country Status (19)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4196282A (de) |
JP (1) | JPS5499148A (de) |
AT (1) | AT376986B (de) |
AU (1) | AU4181078A (de) |
CA (1) | CA1111206A (de) |
DE (1) | DE2848471C2 (de) |
DK (1) | DK525678A (de) |
ES (1) | ES476575A1 (de) |
FI (1) | FI69876C (de) |
FR (1) | FR2423559B1 (de) |
GB (1) | GB2010279B (de) |
IN (1) | IN150398B (de) |
IT (1) | IT1101441B (de) |
LU (1) | LU80571A1 (de) |
NL (1) | NL7811571A (de) |
NO (1) | NO783963L (de) |
RO (1) | RO77343A (de) |
SE (1) | SE443793B (de) |
TR (1) | TR20125A (de) |
Families Citing this family (64)
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US4416698A (en) * | 1977-07-26 | 1983-11-22 | Akzona Incorporated | Shaped cellulose article prepared from a solution containing cellulose dissolved in a tertiary amine N-oxide solvent and a process for making the article |
US4246221A (en) * | 1979-03-02 | 1981-01-20 | Akzona Incorporated | Process for shaped cellulose article prepared from a solution containing cellulose dissolved in a tertiary amine N-oxide solvent |
US4290815A (en) * | 1980-01-28 | 1981-09-22 | Akzona Incorporated | Use of co-solvents in amine N-oxide solutions |
DE3021943A1 (de) * | 1980-06-12 | 1982-01-21 | Akzo Gmbh, 5600 Wuppertal | Dialysemembran aus cellulose |
FR2578865B1 (fr) * | 1985-03-14 | 1987-04-10 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Procede pour la preparation de solutions d'un materiau ligno-cellulosique et solutions obtenues. |
US5330567A (en) * | 1988-08-16 | 1994-07-19 | Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft | Process and arrangement for preparing a solution of cellulose |
US5094690A (en) * | 1988-08-16 | 1992-03-10 | Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft | Process and arrangement for preparing a solution of cellulose |
AT392776B (de) * | 1989-10-16 | 1991-06-10 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | Verfahren zur reinigung waesseriger loesungen von n-methylmorpholin-n-oxid |
ATA92690A (de) * | 1990-04-20 | 1992-06-15 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | Verfahren zur herstellung einer loesung von cellulose in n-methylmorpholin-n-oxid und wasser |
AT395246B (de) * | 1990-07-16 | 1992-10-27 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | Loesung von cellulose in wasser und n-methyl-morpholin-n-oxid |
US5277857A (en) * | 1992-01-17 | 1994-01-11 | Viskase Corporation | Method of making a cellulose food casing |
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AT396930B (de) * | 1992-01-23 | 1993-12-27 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | Aminoxide |
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JPH0813336A (ja) * | 1994-06-28 | 1996-01-16 | Nobutaka Ono | 精製セルロース繊維のフィブリル化防止法 |
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US5603884A (en) * | 1994-11-18 | 1997-02-18 | Viskase Corporation | Reinforced cellulosic film |
GB9500388D0 (en) * | 1995-01-10 | 1995-03-01 | Courtaulds Fibres Ltd | Forming solutions |
AT402932B (de) * | 1995-12-22 | 1997-09-25 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | Celluloseschwamm und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
DE69708851T2 (de) * | 1996-02-02 | 2002-06-20 | Akzo Nobel N.V., Arnheim/Arnhem | Verfahren zur herstellung einer spinnbaren isotropen celluloselösung |
US6331354B1 (en) | 1996-08-23 | 2001-12-18 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Alkaline pulp having low average degree of polymerization values and method of producing the same |
US6235392B1 (en) | 1996-08-23 | 2001-05-22 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Lyocell fibers and process for their preparation |
US6471727B2 (en) | 1996-08-23 | 2002-10-29 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Lyocell fibers, and compositions for making the same |
US6306334B1 (en) | 1996-08-23 | 2001-10-23 | The Weyerhaeuser Company | Process for melt blowing continuous lyocell fibers |
US6210801B1 (en) | 1996-08-23 | 2001-04-03 | Weyerhaeuser Company | Lyocell fibers, and compositions for making same |
US6042890A (en) * | 1997-02-25 | 2000-03-28 | Lenzing Aktiengesellschaft | Process for producing a strengthened fiber assembly |
DE19730090A1 (de) | 1997-07-14 | 1999-01-21 | Wolff Walsrode Ag | Neuartige Celluloseether und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung |
DE19737113A1 (de) * | 1997-08-27 | 1999-03-04 | Kalle Nalo Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines nahtlosen Folienschlauches auf Cellulosebasis durch Extrudieren |
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US6547999B1 (en) | 1999-10-18 | 2003-04-15 | Viskase Corporation | Cellulose food casing, cellulose composition and production method therefor |
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DE10035799A1 (de) * | 2000-07-22 | 2002-01-31 | Kalle Nalo Gmbh & Co Kg | Nach dem Aminoxidverfahren hergestellte Nahrungsmittelhüllen auf Cellulosebasis |
AT410319B (de) * | 2001-07-25 | 2003-03-25 | Chemiefaser Lenzing Ag | Celluloseschwamm und verfahren zu dessen herstellung |
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US10413566B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2019-09-17 | Covidien Lp | Thixotropic oxidized cellulose solutions and medical applications thereof |
EP3412826A1 (de) | 2017-06-09 | 2018-12-12 | Acticell GmbH | Behandlung von gefärbtem material |
DE102021100480A1 (de) | 2021-01-13 | 2022-07-14 | List Technology Ag | Mischkneter zur Verarbeitung eines Transfergemisches zu einer Formlösung nach dem Direktlöseverfahren |
DE102021100484A1 (de) | 2021-01-13 | 2022-07-14 | List Technology Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Transfergemisches nach dem Direktlöseverfahren und einem Dünnschichtverdampfer |
EP4219567A1 (de) | 2022-01-31 | 2023-08-02 | LIST Technology AG | Anlage und verfahren zur verarbeitung eines ausgangsmaterials zu einer formlösung nach dem trockenlöseverfahren |
DE102022102177A1 (de) | 2022-01-31 | 2023-08-03 | List Technology Ag | Anlage und Verfahren zur Verarbeitung eines Ausgangsmaterials zu einer Formlösung nach dem Trockenlöseverfahren |
TW202348633A (zh) | 2022-01-31 | 2023-12-16 | 瑞士商List技術股份公司 | 使用乾溶解法將起始材料加工為成型溶液的設備和方法 |
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US2179181A (en) * | 1936-04-21 | 1939-11-07 | Soc Of Chemical Ind | Cellulose solutions and process of making same |
US2744292A (en) * | 1953-02-10 | 1956-05-08 | Rayonier Inc | Regenerated cellulose sheets and process of producing the sheets |
US3447939A (en) * | 1966-09-02 | 1969-06-03 | Eastman Kodak Co | Compounds dissolved in cyclic amine oxides |
US3758457A (en) * | 1972-01-25 | 1973-09-11 | Du Pont | Process for recovering regenerated cellulose |
-
1978
- 1978-09-01 US US05/938,907 patent/US4196282A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1978-11-08 DE DE2848471A patent/DE2848471C2/de not_active Expired
- 1978-11-22 AU AU41810/78A patent/AU4181078A/en active Pending
- 1978-11-24 FR FR7833313A patent/FR2423559B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1978-11-24 SE SE7812131A patent/SE443793B/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-11-24 AT AT0843478A patent/AT376986B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-11-24 FI FI783597A patent/FI69876C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1978-11-24 RO RO7895744A patent/RO77343A/ro unknown
- 1978-11-24 JP JP14595778A patent/JPS5499148A/ja active Granted
- 1978-11-24 DK DK525678A patent/DK525678A/da unknown
- 1978-11-24 CA CA316,832A patent/CA1111206A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-11-24 LU LU80571A patent/LU80571A1/de unknown
- 1978-11-24 IN IN850/DEL/78A patent/IN150398B/en unknown
- 1978-11-24 TR TR20125A patent/TR20125A/xx unknown
- 1978-11-24 NL NL7811571A patent/NL7811571A/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1978-11-24 GB GB7846034A patent/GB2010279B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-11-24 NO NO783963A patent/NO783963L/no unknown
- 1978-11-24 IT IT30209/78A patent/IT1101441B/it active
-
1979
- 1979-01-04 ES ES476575A patent/ES476575A1/es not_active Expired
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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NICHTS-ERMITTELT |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
TR20125A (tr) | 1980-09-19 |
GB2010279A (en) | 1979-06-27 |
DE2848471A1 (de) | 1979-06-07 |
CA1111206A (en) | 1981-10-27 |
IN150398B (de) | 1982-09-25 |
JPS5711566B2 (de) | 1982-03-05 |
IT1101441B (it) | 1985-09-28 |
FI69876B (fi) | 1985-12-31 |
LU80571A1 (de) | 1979-05-16 |
FI783597A (fi) | 1979-05-26 |
RO77343A (ro) | 1981-08-17 |
DK525678A (da) | 1979-05-26 |
AU4181078A (en) | 1979-05-31 |
NL7811571A (nl) | 1979-05-29 |
FR2423559B1 (fr) | 1985-08-23 |
AT376986B (de) | 1985-01-25 |
ES476575A1 (es) | 1979-12-16 |
SE7812131L (sv) | 1979-05-26 |
ATA843478A (de) | 1984-06-15 |
NO783963L (no) | 1979-05-28 |
SE443793B (sv) | 1986-03-10 |
US4196282A (en) | 1980-04-01 |
FI69876C (fi) | 1986-05-26 |
FR2423559A1 (fr) | 1979-11-16 |
JPS5499148A (en) | 1979-08-04 |
GB2010279B (en) | 1983-01-19 |
IT7830209A0 (it) | 1978-11-24 |
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