DE2652957A1 - Verfahren und einschlussmasse zur verfestigung von radioaktivem abfall zu einem festen koerper - Google Patents
Verfahren und einschlussmasse zur verfestigung von radioaktivem abfall zu einem festen koerperInfo
- Publication number
- DE2652957A1 DE2652957A1 DE19762652957 DE2652957A DE2652957A1 DE 2652957 A1 DE2652957 A1 DE 2652957A1 DE 19762652957 DE19762652957 DE 19762652957 DE 2652957 A DE2652957 A DE 2652957A DE 2652957 A1 DE2652957 A1 DE 2652957A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- urea
- acid
- ion exchange
- exchange resin
- radioactive waste
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 35
- 239000002901 radioactive waste Substances 0.000 title claims description 35
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims description 23
- 229920001807 Urea-formaldehyde Polymers 0.000 claims description 36
- ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N polynoxylin Chemical compound O=C.NC(N)=O ODGAOXROABLFNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 35
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 23
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000172 poly(styrenesulfonic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940005642 polystyrene sulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- -1 alkali metal salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- BDDLHHRCDSJVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7028-40-2 Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O BDDLHHRCDSJVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(=O)CC(O)=O ILJSQTXMGCGYMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002925 low-level radioactive waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 3
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 9
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 8
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-RNFDNDRNSA-N cesium-137 Chemical compound [137Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-RNFDNDRNSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-BJUDXGSMSA-N sodium-22 Chemical compound [22Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-BJUDXGSMSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bisulfate Chemical compound [Na+].OS([O-])(=O)=O WBHQBSYUUJJSRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 229910000342 sodium bisulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000003377 acid catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-YPZZEJLDSA-N cobalt-57 Chemical compound [57Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-YPZZEJLDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000941 radioactive substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-OUBTZVSYSA-N Cobalt-60 Chemical compound [60Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJNGJIPPQOFCSK-WQEMXFENSA-N [85SrH2] Chemical compound [85SrH2] KJNGJIPPQOFCSK-WQEMXFENSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-OIOBTWANSA-N cadmium-109 Chemical compound [109Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-OIOBTWANSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GXGJIOMUZAGVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chamazulene Chemical group CCC1=CC=C(C)C2=CC=C(C)C2=C1 GXGJIOMUZAGVEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGLHLAESQEWCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-(hydroxymethyl)urea Chemical compound NC(=O)NCO VGGLHLAESQEWCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002274 Nalgene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical compound OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008043 acidic salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M bisulphate group Chemical group S([O-])(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000481 chemical toxicant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCl FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940106681 chloroacetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004691 decahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000295 emission spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxymethurea Chemical compound OCNC(=O)NCO QUBQYFYWUJJAAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229950005308 oxymethurea Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012857 radioactive material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-OIOBTWANSA-N strontium-85 Chemical compound [85Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-OIOBTWANSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003440 toxic substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/16—Processing by fixation in stable solid media
- G21F9/167—Processing by fixation in stable solid media in polymeric matrix, e.g. resins, tars
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L61/00—Compositions of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L61/20—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
- C08L61/22—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds
- C08L61/24—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with acyclic or carbocyclic compounds with urea or thiourea
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Micro-Capsules (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Wrappers (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US63459175A | 1975-11-24 | 1975-11-24 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2652957A1 true DE2652957A1 (de) | 1977-07-07 |
Family
ID=24544425
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19762652957 Pending DE2652957A1 (de) | 1975-11-24 | 1976-11-22 | Verfahren und einschlussmasse zur verfestigung von radioaktivem abfall zu einem festen koerper |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5264600A (https=) |
| DE (1) | DE2652957A1 (https=) |
| ES (2) | ES453553A1 (https=) |
| FR (1) | FR2332595A1 (https=) |
| IT (1) | IT1067730B (https=) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4379763A (en) | 1980-10-15 | 1983-04-12 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Waste water treatment by chelation-gelation |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2949770A1 (de) * | 1978-12-16 | 1980-07-03 | Mitsubishi Chem Ind | Vorpolymeres zum verfestigen von radioaktivem abfall und verfahren zu seiner verwendung |
-
1976
- 1976-10-18 JP JP12476376A patent/JPS5264600A/ja active Pending
- 1976-11-04 FR FR7633330A patent/FR2332595A1/fr active Granted
- 1976-11-22 DE DE19762652957 patent/DE2652957A1/de active Pending
- 1976-11-22 IT IT966676A patent/IT1067730B/it active
- 1976-11-23 ES ES453553A patent/ES453553A1/es not_active Expired
- 1976-11-23 ES ES453559A patent/ES453559A1/es not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4379763A (en) | 1980-10-15 | 1983-04-12 | Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company | Waste water treatment by chelation-gelation |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ES453553A1 (es) | 1977-12-16 |
| FR2332595B3 (https=) | 1979-07-20 |
| ES453559A1 (es) | 1977-12-16 |
| IT1067730B (it) | 1985-03-16 |
| FR2332595A1 (fr) | 1977-06-17 |
| JPS5264600A (en) | 1977-05-28 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OHN | Withdrawal |