DE2354558A1 - Katalysatorformteilchen und verfahren zu ihrer verwendung - Google Patents
Katalysatorformteilchen und verfahren zu ihrer verwendungInfo
- Publication number
- DE2354558A1 DE2354558A1 DE19732354558 DE2354558A DE2354558A1 DE 2354558 A1 DE2354558 A1 DE 2354558A1 DE 19732354558 DE19732354558 DE 19732354558 DE 2354558 A DE2354558 A DE 2354558A DE 2354558 A1 DE2354558 A1 DE 2354558A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- catalyst particles
- weight
- hydrogen
- volume
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 136
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 89
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000476 molybdenum oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomolybdenum Chemical compound [Mo]=O PQQKPALAQIIWST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000428 cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(ii) oxide Chemical compound [Co]=O IVMYJDGYRUAWML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 40
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 18
- 241000219793 Trifolium Species 0.000 description 17
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O UFMZWBIQTDUYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011491 glass wool Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- XEFUJGURFLOFAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dichloro-5-isocyanatobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC(N=C=O)=C1 XEFUJGURFLOFAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PFRUBEOIWWEFOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [N].[S] Chemical compound [N].[S] PFRUBEOIWWEFOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGAVSDVURUSLQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium heptamolybdate Chemical compound N.N.N.N.N.N.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo] QGAVSDVURUSLQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 235000018660 ammonium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940010552 ammonium molybdate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004517 catalytic hydrocracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt dinitrate hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Co+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O QGUAJWGNOXCYJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002779 inactivation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004043 responsiveness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005486 sulfidation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/88—Molybdenum
- B01J23/882—Molybdenum and cobalt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/88—Molybdenum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J29/00—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves
- B01J29/04—Catalysts comprising molecular sieves having base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites
- B01J29/06—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof
- B01J29/076—Crystalline aluminosilicate zeolites; Isomorphous compounds thereof containing arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/50—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their shape or configuration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/615—100-500 m2/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
- B01J35/633—Pore volume less than 0.5 ml/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
- B01J35/635—0.5-1.0 ml/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/64—Pore diameter
- B01J35/647—2-50 nm
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/66—Pore distribution
- B01J35/67—Pore distribution monomodal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/107—Atmospheric residues having a boiling point of at least about 538 °C
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
Description
3520 kg/cm (50,000 pounds per square inch), und wobei sich der Katalysator zusammensetzt aus einem größeren Anteil Aluminiumoxid , etwa 10 bis 20 Gewichtsprozent Molybdänoxid, und aus etwa 1 bis 8 Gewichtsprozent Kobalt*· oder Nickeloxid oder deren Gemischen.
etwa 14,1 und 703 kg/cm (200 bis 10 000 pounds per square
715 m pro m (2OOO bis 4000 standard cubic feet per barrel).
42,2 bis 70,3 kg/cm (600 bis 1,000 pounds per square inch gauge).
schwindigkeit von 0,0241 m pro Stunde (0,85 SCF/hr.) strömen,
Druck =52,7 kg/cm2 (750 psig)
Hantel
0,3l6cm(l/8")Zylinder
sse des | °C | 3850C | Aktivitätst | 385° | C | est s | von Gasöl | fei | Stickstoff | - | Akt | ivitäten | 3°C | 385°C 3430C 385°C | |
,6 | 97,5 | 30, | 6 | Relative | 385°C | 3430C 385° | 00 | 100 - 100 | |||||||
Entfernung | ,8 | 98, 1 | 25, | 2 | Volumenbasis | 100 | 100 | Gewichtsbas is | 30 | 159 - 93 | |||||
Ergebnis | Schwefel | ,3 | 97,8 | Stickstoff | 33, | 2 | Schwe | 133 | 79 | Schwefel Stickstoff | 09 | 117 | |||
343 | ,6 | 95,2 | 3430C | 343°C | 114 | 1 10 | C 34 | 41 | 49 | ||||||
% | 85 | ,2 | 97,6 | O | 100 | 51 | 1 | 00 | 100 | ||||||
86 | ,8 | 97,2 | O | - | 1 1 1 | 100 | 1 | 59 | 103 | ||||||
86 | ,2 | 98,5 | 1,6 | 106 | 85 | - | 1 | 64 | 163 | ||||||
71 | _ | _ | _. | 42 | 161 | 00 | 100 | ||||||||
82 | - | - | - | 100 | 100 | _ _ | 1 | 45 | 131 | ||||||
85 | - | - | - | - | 131 | 109 | ■ _ | 1 | 37 | 140 | |||||
88 | 162 | 137 | 1 | 41 | 49 - - | ||||||||||
_ | 100 | 51 | 1 | ||||||||||||
- | 121 | 1 | |||||||||||||
- | 134 | 1 | |||||||||||||
_ | 42 |
(in)
(in3)
cm (in ι
(in)
Nominaler Luftstrom | SCFM) | 0,15 8cm | A (1/1 |
Druckab | fall | H | P 2° |
B Hantel |
dreiblät | C triger Klee |
|
in m3/Min( |
Z\ p H2O |
6")Zylinder | 0, | 94 | Relatives | Z\ p H2O |
Relatives /\ P, % |
||||
O + | (D | Ϊ.5 | Relat ives /\ P, % |
2, | 6 | 61 | 0,98 | ||||
36OS | 0,0283 | (2) | 4,0 | 100 | 11, | 2 | 64 | 2,6 | 64 | ||
0,0566 | (3) | 15,7 | 100 | 27, | 0 | 71 | 11,1 | 64 | |||
co | 0,0850 | 36,4 | 100 | 75 | 26,3 | 71 | |||||
100 | 72 | ||||||||||
0C 371 0C
0C 371 °C
cn | I |
CD | |
CD | |
CO | J |
» | |
to | K |
_i | |
O | |
OT | |
SO | |
43,0 | 87,3 | 88 | 107 | 106 | 128 | ς m . |
49,6 | 88,1 | 115 | 116 | 115 | 116 | β* «ft β |
44,0 | 85,0 | 92 | 88 | 87 | 83 | |
(in.3)
(0.00209)
12 | ,52 | 40,7 |
(27 | ,7) | (22W |
co | ||
cm | ||
cn | ||
an | ||
- | 2ί<- |
Beschreibung | Aktivitäten | 343( | des Gasöltests | Aktivität | 385 | Vp/Sp | Konkavität | |
Achter flache Platte |
117 HO |
% Relative | Gewicht | 115 74 |
C cm (in.) | C | ||
' % Schwefel-Entfernung | Volumen | 343 °C | 0,0353 (0,0139) 0,0391 (0,0154? |
1,04 1,00 |
||||
Katalysator | 343 °C 385 °C | 5C 385 0C | 120 104 |
|||||
L M |
86,2 97,8 85,3 96,9 |
112 78 |
||||||
(0*000756)
(0.000874)
(0.0139)
(0.0154)
zu einer extrudierbaren Konsistenz und extrudiert es hierauf unter Verwendung eines Formwerkzeugs mit öffnungen, die der Form eines dreiblättrigen Klees entsprechen. Die Extrudate werden 16 Stunden bei 120 0C getrocknet, und dann 1 Stunde bei 650 0C kalziniert.
Claims (14)
- Paten tansprüchePoröse, für Behandlungen mit Wasserstoff geeignete Katalysatorteilchen mit einer besonderen Querschnittsform, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie einen Konkavitatsindex von über 1,0 haben und über einen Hohlraumbruch zwischen etwa 0,25 und 0,60 verfügen, das Verhältnis der Teilchen aus geometrischem Volumen und geometrischer Oberfläche etwa OyOO26 bis 0,1067 cm (0,001 bis 0,042 inch) beträgt, ihre katalytische Oberfläche bei über etwa 150 qm pro g liegt und ihr katalytisches Porenvolumen zwischen etwa 0,35 und 0,85 ecm pro g beträgt, wobei das Porenvolumen aus einem größeren Anteil Poren mit einem Durchmesser von etwa 40 bis 90 Ang-ström besteht, gemessen mit Quecksilber bis zu 3520 kg/cm (50,000 pounds per square inch) e und wobei sich der Katalysator zusammensetzt aus einem größeren Anteil Aluminiumoxid, etwa 10 bis 20 Gewichtsprozent Molybdänoxid und aus etwa 1 bis 8 Gewichtsprozent Kobalt- oder Nickeloxid oder deren Gemischen.
- 2. KatalysatorteiIchen nach Anspruch 1 g dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Konkavitätsindex etwa 1,05 bis 1,15 beträgt.
- 3 ο KatalysatorteiIchen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hohlraumbruch 0,35 bis 0,50 beträgt.509819/1069
- 4. Katalysatorteilchen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Verhältnis aus geometrischem Volumen und geometrischer Oberfläche 0,0127 cm (0,005 inch) bis 0,0635 cm (0,025 inch) beträgt.
- 5. Katalysatorteilchen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die katalytische Oberfläche größer ist als2OO m pro g.
- 6. Katalysatorteilchen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie bis zu 5 Gew.-% Kieselerde als SiO2 enthalten, und zwar bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht aus Kieselerde und Aluminiumoxid.
- 7. Katalysatorteilchen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie bis zu 45 Gewichtsprozent Zeolit enthalten, und zwar bezogen auf das Gesamtgewicht aus Zeolit und Aluminiumoxid.
- 8. Katalysatorteilchen nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie 12 Gewichtsprozent Molybdänoxid und 4 Gewichtsprozent Kobaltoxid enthalten.
- 9. Verfahren zur Behandlung eines Erdölrückstandes mit Wasserstoff unter Verwendung eines spezifisch geformten,porösen Katalysators nach Anspruch T, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man einen Erdölrückstand mit den Katalysatorteilchen in Gegenwart von Wasserstoff einer Strömungsgeschwindigkeit von etwa 89,3 bis509819/1069893 m3 pro m3 (standard cubic feet per barrel) Erdölrückstand bei einer flüssigen, stündlichen Raumgeschwindigkeit (LHSV) von— 1
etwa 0,20 bis 5,0 Stunden , einer Temperatur zwischen 316 und 454 0C sowie einem Gesamtdruck zwischen etwa 14,1 und2
703 kg/cm (200 bis 10 000 pounds per square inch gauge) zusammenbringt. - 10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Wasserstoffs 254 bis 508 m pro m Erdölrückstand beträgt.
- 11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die flüssige, stündliche Raumgeschwindigkeit (LHSV) 0,2 bis0,8 Stunden" beträgt.
- 12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet,daß man b<arbeitet.daß man bei einer Temperatur zwischen 343 und 399 C
- 13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Gesamtdruck 42,2 bis 70,3 kg/cm2 (600 - 1000 pounds per square inch gauge) beträgt.
- 14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet,3daß die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Wasserstoffs 177 m pro mErdölrückstand beträgt, die flüssige, stündliche Raumge-— 1schwindigkeit (LHSV) bei 0,5 Stunden liegt, die Temperatur385 C beträgt, und der Gesamtdruck bei 56,2 kg/cm (800 pounds per square inch gauge) liegt.50 98 19/1069Leerseite
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL7314097A NL7314097A (nl) | 1973-10-12 | 1973-10-12 | Werkwijze ter bereiding van katalysatoren. |
FR7336573A FR2247528A1 (en) | 1973-10-12 | 1973-10-12 | Porous hydrotreating catalyst particles - with specified geometric and pore structure characteristics |
DE2366459A DE2366459C2 (de) | 1973-10-31 | 1973-10-31 | |
DE2354558A DE2354558C2 (de) | 1973-10-12 | 1973-10-31 | Poröse, für Behandlung mit Wasserstoff geeignete Katalysatorteilchen |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NL7314097A NL7314097A (nl) | 1973-10-12 | 1973-10-12 | Werkwijze ter bereiding van katalysatoren. |
FR7336573A FR2247528A1 (en) | 1973-10-12 | 1973-10-12 | Porous hydrotreating catalyst particles - with specified geometric and pore structure characteristics |
DE2354558A DE2354558C2 (de) | 1973-10-12 | 1973-10-31 | Poröse, für Behandlung mit Wasserstoff geeignete Katalysatorteilchen |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2354558A1 true DE2354558A1 (de) | 1975-05-07 |
DE2354558C2 DE2354558C2 (de) | 1985-08-01 |
Family
ID=27185602
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE2354558A Expired DE2354558C2 (de) | 1973-10-12 | 1973-10-31 | Poröse, für Behandlung mit Wasserstoff geeignete Katalysatorteilchen |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE2354558C2 (de) |
FR (1) | FR2247528A1 (de) |
NL (1) | NL7314097A (de) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3217878A1 (de) * | 1981-05-12 | 1982-12-02 | Chevron Research Co., 94105 San Francisco, Calif. | Katalysator zur hydrobehandlung von kohlenwasserstoff-rohoelen und unter verwendung desselben durchgefuehrtes verfahren |
DE3312527A1 (de) * | 1982-04-08 | 1983-10-20 | Chevron Research Co., 94105 San Francisco, Calif. | Katalysator fuer das hydroprocessing von kohlenwasserstoffhaltigen materialien |
US6855856B2 (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2005-02-15 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Process for the alkylation of hydrocarbons |
WO2020151646A1 (zh) | 2019-01-25 | 2020-07-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 固体酸催化剂、其制备和应用 |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2490507A1 (fr) * | 1980-09-19 | 1982-03-26 | Raffinage Cie Francaise | Catalyseurs d'hydrotraitement d'hydrocarbures et application desdits catalyseurs |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3509044A (en) | 1967-06-26 | 1970-04-28 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Hydrodesulfurization of petroleum residuum |
US3630888A (en) | 1970-03-02 | 1971-12-28 | Hydrocarbon Research Inc | Hydrocracking and desulfurization with a catalyst having |
DE2160704A1 (de) | 1970-12-07 | 1972-06-22 | Nippon Oil Co., Ltd., Tokio | Verfahren zur katalytischen Hydrierung von Destillationsrückstände enthaltenden Kohlenwasserstoffen und die Katalysatorzusammensetzung hierfür |
US3674680A (en) * | 1970-03-09 | 1972-07-04 | Standard Oil Co | Process and catalyst for hydroprocessing a resid hydrocarbon |
US3686095A (en) | 1970-02-16 | 1972-08-22 | Texaco Inc | Desulfurization of residue-containing hydrocarbon oils |
-
1973
- 1973-10-12 NL NL7314097A patent/NL7314097A/xx active Search and Examination
- 1973-10-12 FR FR7336573A patent/FR2247528A1/fr active Granted
- 1973-10-31 DE DE2354558A patent/DE2354558C2/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3509044A (en) | 1967-06-26 | 1970-04-28 | Exxon Research Engineering Co | Hydrodesulfurization of petroleum residuum |
US3686095A (en) | 1970-02-16 | 1972-08-22 | Texaco Inc | Desulfurization of residue-containing hydrocarbon oils |
US3630888A (en) | 1970-03-02 | 1971-12-28 | Hydrocarbon Research Inc | Hydrocracking and desulfurization with a catalyst having |
US3674680A (en) * | 1970-03-09 | 1972-07-04 | Standard Oil Co | Process and catalyst for hydroprocessing a resid hydrocarbon |
DE2160704A1 (de) | 1970-12-07 | 1972-06-22 | Nippon Oil Co., Ltd., Tokio | Verfahren zur katalytischen Hydrierung von Destillationsrückstände enthaltenden Kohlenwasserstoffen und die Katalysatorzusammensetzung hierfür |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3217878A1 (de) * | 1981-05-12 | 1982-12-02 | Chevron Research Co., 94105 San Francisco, Calif. | Katalysator zur hydrobehandlung von kohlenwasserstoff-rohoelen und unter verwendung desselben durchgefuehrtes verfahren |
DE3312527A1 (de) * | 1982-04-08 | 1983-10-20 | Chevron Research Co., 94105 San Francisco, Calif. | Katalysator fuer das hydroprocessing von kohlenwasserstoffhaltigen materialien |
US6855856B2 (en) | 2000-05-30 | 2005-02-15 | Akzo Nobel Nv | Process for the alkylation of hydrocarbons |
WO2020151646A1 (zh) | 2019-01-25 | 2020-07-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 固体酸催化剂、其制备和应用 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR2247528A1 (en) | 1975-05-09 |
DE2354558C2 (de) | 1985-08-01 |
FR2247528B1 (de) | 1979-10-12 |
NL7314097A (nl) | 1975-04-15 |
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