DE2338786A1 - Hohle fasern fuer das niederdruckentsalzen von hartem wasser - Google Patents
Hohle fasern fuer das niederdruckentsalzen von hartem wasserInfo
- Publication number
- DE2338786A1 DE2338786A1 DE19732338786 DE2338786A DE2338786A1 DE 2338786 A1 DE2338786 A1 DE 2338786A1 DE 19732338786 DE19732338786 DE 19732338786 DE 2338786 A DE2338786 A DE 2338786A DE 2338786 A1 DE2338786 A1 DE 2338786A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- cellulose ester
- water
- threads
- solvent
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000012510 hollow fiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000008233 hard water Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formamide Chemical compound NC=O ZHNUHDYFZUAESO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002706 hydrostatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001223 reverse osmosis Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 13
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 4
- WUBBRNOQWQTFEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminosalicylic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(O)=C1 WUBBRNOQWQTFEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 2
- JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc dichloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Zn+2] JIAARYAFYJHUJI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc iodide Chemical compound I[Zn]I UAYWVJHJZHQCIE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LMSDEBDGDFKYIS-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-enoyl bromide Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(Br)=O LMSDEBDGDFKYIS-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cellulose propionate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OCC1OC(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C1OC1C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(OC(=O)CC)C(COC(=O)CC)O1 DQEFEBPAPFSJLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000029422 Hypernatremia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical class [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006218 cellulose propionate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000701 coagulant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008235 industrial water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium bromide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Br-].[Br-] OTCKOJUMXQWKQG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910001623 magnesium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001141 propulsive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000108 ultra-filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000011592 zinc chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005074 zinc chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/24—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like with a hollow structure; Spinnerette packs therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/08—Hollow fibre membranes
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01D—MECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
- D01D5/00—Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
- D01D5/06—Wet spinning methods
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F2/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof
- D01F2/24—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives
- D01F2/28—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of cellulose or cellulose derivatives; Manufacture thereof from cellulose derivatives from organic cellulose esters or ethers, e.g. cellulose acetate
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US27698372A | 1972-08-01 | 1972-08-01 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2338786A1 true DE2338786A1 (de) | 1974-02-14 |
Family
ID=23058956
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19732338786 Pending DE2338786A1 (de) | 1972-08-01 | 1973-07-31 | Hohle fasern fuer das niederdruckentsalzen von hartem wasser |
Country Status (3)
Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS546916A (en) * | 1977-06-20 | 1979-01-19 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Hollow cellulose fibers and their production |
| EP0008536B1 (en) * | 1978-08-22 | 1984-08-01 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. | Process for manufacturing regenerated cellulose hollow fiber |
| CA1141114A (en) | 1978-11-24 | 1983-02-15 | Masamichi Ishida | Regenerated cellulose hollow fiber and process for manufacturing same |
| US5181940A (en) * | 1991-08-01 | 1993-01-26 | Union Carbide Industrial Gases Technology Corporation | Hollow fiber membranes |
-
1973
- 1973-07-31 JP JP8552973A patent/JPS4950289A/ja active Pending
- 1973-07-31 FR FR7328074A patent/FR2194551A1/fr active Granted
- 1973-07-31 DE DE19732338786 patent/DE2338786A1/de active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR2194551A1 (en) | 1974-03-01 |
| FR2194551B3 (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1976-07-16 |
| JPS4950289A (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 1974-05-15 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| OHJ | Non-payment of the annual fee |