DE2305220A1 - Inaktive elektrode fuer elektrochirurgische eingriffe - Google Patents
Inaktive elektrode fuer elektrochirurgische eingriffeInfo
- Publication number
- DE2305220A1 DE2305220A1 DE2305220A DE2305220A DE2305220A1 DE 2305220 A1 DE2305220 A1 DE 2305220A1 DE 2305220 A DE2305220 A DE 2305220A DE 2305220 A DE2305220 A DE 2305220A DE 2305220 A1 DE2305220 A1 DE 2305220A1
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- electrode
- electrolyte
- electrode according
- shell
- conductive
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 115
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 39
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical group [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 31
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052936 alkali metal sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 210000003097 mucus Anatomy 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 41
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 38
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 36
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 36
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 22
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 9
- -1 ammonium halides Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 101100008044 Caenorhabditis elegans cut-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 8
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 7
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000006072 paste Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 5
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- OSDLLIBGSJNGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC(C)=C1Cl OSDLLIBGSJNGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920001944 Plastisol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000004185 liver Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 239000004999 plastisol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylic acid Chemical group OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001609030 Brosme brosme Species 0.000 description 2
- 206010016334 Feeling hot Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003518 caustics Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012811 non-conductive material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000036642 wellbeing Effects 0.000 description 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZXPLGLMEXWSLCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloro-3,5-dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(Cl)C(O)=C1 ZXPLGLMEXWSLCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 1
- SAIKULLUBZKPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bis(2-ethylhexyl) amine Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)CNCC(CC)CCCC SAIKULLUBZKPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000248349 Citrus limon Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005979 Citrus limon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000715 Mucilage Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010035148 Plague Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229930182556 Polyacetal Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- UGZICOVULPINFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;butanoic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O.CCCC(O)=O UGZICOVULPINFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003522 acrylic cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000577 adipose tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000021336 beef liver Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid group Chemical group C(C1=CC=CC=C1)(=O)O WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004204 blood vessel Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940096529 carboxypolymethylene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxomagnesium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.[Mg]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O FPAFDBFIGPHWGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN JRBPAEWTRLWTQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003414 extremity Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000245 forearm Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Inorganic materials [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011104 metalized film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000003205 muscle Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- OOHAUGDGCWURIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dipentylpentan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCN(CCCCC)CCCCC OOHAUGDGCWURIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002823 nitrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005704 oxymethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])O[*:1] 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006324 polyoxymethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037390 scarring Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011477 surgical intervention Methods 0.000 description 1
- RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-aminoazetidine-1-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC(N)C1 RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000005270 trialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012800 visualization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/14—Probes or electrodes therefor
- A61B18/16—Indifferent or passive electrodes for grounding
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61N—ELECTROTHERAPY; MAGNETOTHERAPY; RADIATION THERAPY; ULTRASOUND THERAPY
- A61N1/00—Electrotherapy; Circuits therefor
- A61N1/02—Details
- A61N1/04—Electrodes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B2562/00—Details of sensors; Constructional details of sensor housings or probes; Accessories for sensors
- A61B2562/12—Manufacturing methods specially adapted for producing sensors for in-vivo measurements
- A61B2562/125—Manufacturing methods specially adapted for producing sensors for in-vivo measurements characterised by the manufacture of electrodes
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Radiology & Medical Imaging (AREA)
- Electrotherapy Devices (AREA)
- Surgical Instruments (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US22310772A | 1972-02-03 | 1972-02-03 | |
| US00328120A US3848600A (en) | 1972-02-03 | 1973-01-30 | Indifferent electrode in electrosurgical procedures and method of use |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE2305220A1 true DE2305220A1 (de) | 1973-08-09 |
Family
ID=26917452
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE2305220A Ceased DE2305220A1 (de) | 1972-02-03 | 1973-02-02 | Inaktive elektrode fuer elektrochirurgische eingriffe |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US3848600A (cs) |
| JP (1) | JPS6158177B2 (cs) |
| AR (1) | AR197113A1 (cs) |
| CA (1) | CA993958A (cs) |
| DE (1) | DE2305220A1 (cs) |
| FR (1) | FR2170227B1 (cs) |
| GB (1) | GB1425851A (cs) |
| IT (1) | IT983855B (cs) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0273167A1 (de) * | 1986-11-26 | 1988-07-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Leitfähige Zwischenlage für Elektroden |
| WO2007131248A1 (de) * | 2006-05-16 | 2007-11-22 | Medizinische Universität Wien | Oberflächenelektrode |
| DE102016109568A1 (de) * | 2016-05-24 | 2017-11-30 | Wearable Life Science Gmbh | Elektrode zur Elektromuskelstimulierung, Bekleidungsstück, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bekleidungsstücks sowie Verwendung einer Elektrode |
Families Citing this family (119)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4067322A (en) * | 1974-07-19 | 1978-01-10 | Johnson Joseph H | Disposable, pre-gel body electrodes |
| US4092985A (en) * | 1974-11-25 | 1978-06-06 | John George Kaufman | Body electrode for electro-medical use |
| JPS51106381A (cs) * | 1975-03-17 | 1976-09-21 | Sanritsu Medeikaru Kk | |
| US3989036A (en) * | 1975-04-02 | 1976-11-02 | Dia Medical System Co., Ltd. | Biophysical electrode |
| US4126126A (en) * | 1976-07-27 | 1978-11-21 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Non-metallic pregelled electrode |
| US4164226A (en) * | 1976-08-25 | 1979-08-14 | Robert Tapper | Iontophoretic burn-protection electrode structure |
| US4211222A (en) * | 1976-08-25 | 1980-07-08 | Robert Tapper | Iontophoretic burn-protection method |
| US4088133A (en) * | 1976-09-13 | 1978-05-09 | Products International Company | Electrode for electrosurgical procedure |
| WO1979000042A1 (en) * | 1977-07-13 | 1979-02-08 | A Mercuri | Biomedical electrode assembly |
| US4166465A (en) * | 1977-10-17 | 1979-09-04 | Neomed Incorporated | Electrosurgical dispersive electrode |
| US4200104A (en) * | 1977-11-17 | 1980-04-29 | Valleylab, Inc. | Contact area measurement apparatus for use in electrosurgery |
| US4188927A (en) * | 1978-01-12 | 1980-02-19 | Valleylab, Inc. | Multiple source electrosurgical generator |
| US4177817A (en) * | 1978-02-01 | 1979-12-11 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Dual terminal transcutaneous electrode |
| US4196737A (en) * | 1978-04-21 | 1980-04-08 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Transcutaneous electrode construction |
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- 1973-02-02 CA CA162,762A patent/CA993958A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-02-02 DE DE2305220A patent/DE2305220A1/de not_active Ceased
- 1973-02-02 FR FR7303787A patent/FR2170227B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1973-02-03 JP JP48014208A patent/JPS6158177B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1973-02-05 GB GB555973A patent/GB1425851A/en not_active Expired
- 1973-02-05 AR AR246422A patent/AR197113A1/es active
- 1973-02-05 IT IT20019/73A patent/IT983855B/it active
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0273167A1 (de) * | 1986-11-26 | 1988-07-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Leitfähige Zwischenlage für Elektroden |
| WO2007131248A1 (de) * | 2006-05-16 | 2007-11-22 | Medizinische Universität Wien | Oberflächenelektrode |
| DE102016109568A1 (de) * | 2016-05-24 | 2017-11-30 | Wearable Life Science Gmbh | Elektrode zur Elektromuskelstimulierung, Bekleidungsstück, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bekleidungsstücks sowie Verwendung einer Elektrode |
| WO2017202930A1 (de) | 2016-05-24 | 2017-11-30 | Wearable Life Science Gmbh | Elektrode zur elektromuskelstimulierung und bekleidungsstück |
| DE102016109568B4 (de) * | 2016-05-24 | 2017-12-14 | Wearable Life Science Gmbh | Elektrode zur Elektromuskelstimulierung, Bekleidungsstück, Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bekleidungsstücks sowie Verwendung einer Elektrode |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US3848600A (en) | 1974-11-19 |
| AR197113A1 (es) | 1974-03-15 |
| FR2170227A1 (cs) | 1973-09-14 |
| IT983855B (it) | 1974-11-11 |
| GB1425851A (en) | 1976-02-18 |
| US3848600B1 (cs) | 1988-06-21 |
| CA993958A (en) | 1976-07-27 |
| JPS6158177B2 (cs) | 1986-12-10 |
| JPS49108885A (cs) | 1974-10-16 |
| FR2170227B1 (cs) | 1978-06-23 |
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