DE2263921C2 - Wärmesensibilisieren von anionischen und nichtionischen wäßrigen Polymerdispersionen - Google Patents
Wärmesensibilisieren von anionischen und nichtionischen wäßrigen PolymerdispersionenInfo
- Publication number
- DE2263921C2 DE2263921C2 DE19722263921 DE2263921A DE2263921C2 DE 2263921 C2 DE2263921 C2 DE 2263921C2 DE 19722263921 DE19722263921 DE 19722263921 DE 2263921 A DE2263921 A DE 2263921A DE 2263921 C2 DE2263921 C2 DE 2263921C2
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- polymer dispersions
- amines
- heat
- anionic
- alkoxylated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 title claims description 37
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims description 34
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 title claims 7
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 title claims 5
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 title claims 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims 5
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims 2
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- GOJUJUVQIVIZAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-4,6-dichloropyrimidine-5-carbaldehyde Chemical group NC1=NC(Cl)=C(C=O)C(Cl)=N1 GOJUJUVQIVIZAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethylenetriamine Chemical compound NCCNCCN RPNUMPOLZDHAAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002292 Nylon 6 Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002302 Nylon 6,6 Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920003090 carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- GKQPCPXONLDCMU-CCEZHUSRSA-N lacidipine Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=C(C)NC(C)=C(C(=O)OCC)C1C1=CC=CC=C1\C=C\C(=O)OC(C)(C)C GKQPCPXONLDCMU-CCEZHUSRSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 229920006173 natural rubber latex Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 229940096992 potassium oleate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M potassium;(z)-octadec-9-enoate Chemical compound [K+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O MLICVSDCCDDWMD-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 claims 1
- RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium octadecanoate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O RYYKJJJTJZKILX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- 229940080350 sodium stearate Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylenepentamine Chemical compound NCCNCCNCCNCCN FAGUFWYHJQFNRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LDMOEFOXLIZJOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS(O)(=O)=O LDMOEFOXLIZJOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004815 dispersion polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- SOHAVULMGIITDH-ZXPSTKSJSA-N (1S,9R,14E)-14-(1H-imidazol-5-ylmethylidene)-2,11-dimethoxy-9-(2-methylbut-3-en-2-yl)-2,13,16-triazatetracyclo[7.7.0.01,13.03,8]hexadeca-3,5,7,10-tetraene-12,15-dione Chemical compound C([C@]1(C2=CC=CC=C2N([C@@]21NC1=O)OC)C(C)(C)C=C)=C(OC)C(=O)N2\C1=C\C1=CNC=N1 SOHAVULMGIITDH-ZXPSTKSJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOHAVULMGIITDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxaline Natural products O=C1NC23N(OC)C4=CC=CC=C4C3(C(C)(C)C=C)C=C(OC)C(=O)N2C1=CC1=CN=CN1 SOHAVULMGIITDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008055 alkyl aryl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(hydroxymethyl)-2-methylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)NCO DNTMQTKDNSEIFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;dodecane-1-sulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCS([O-])(=O)=O DAJSVUQLFFJUSX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M13/322—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen
- D06M13/372—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing nitrogen containing etherified or esterified hydroxy groups ; Polyethers of low molecular weight
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
- B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C1/00—Treatment of rubber latex
- C08C1/14—Coagulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08C—TREATMENT OR CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF RUBBERS
- C08C1/00—Treatment of rubber latex
- C08C1/14—Coagulation
- C08C1/145—Heat-sensitising agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F6/00—Post-polymerisation treatments
- C08F6/14—Treatment of polymer emulsions
- C08F6/22—Coagulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
- C08J3/12—Powdering or granulating
- C08J3/16—Powdering or granulating by coagulating dispersions
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Sensitive Colour Forming Recording (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
Priority Applications (14)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19722263921 DE2263921C2 (de) | 1972-12-29 | 1972-12-29 | Wärmesensibilisieren von anionischen und nichtionischen wäßrigen Polymerdispersionen |
FI165573A FI57434C (fi) | 1972-05-30 | 1973-05-22 | Foerfarande foer vaermesensibilisering av anjoniska eller icke-joniska polymerdispersioner |
TR1921073A TR19210A (tr) | 1972-05-30 | 1973-05-22 | Aniyonik ve iyonik olmayan sulu polimer dispersiyonlarin isi sansibilazasyonuna mahsus usul |
NL7307145A NL155570B (nl) | 1972-05-30 | 1973-05-22 | Werkwijze voor het voor warmte sensibiliseren van dispersies van een polymeer in water. |
US362901A US3878152A (en) | 1972-12-29 | 1973-05-23 | Heat-sensitization of anionic and non-ionic aqueous polymer dispersions |
CA172,513A CA1008579A (en) | 1972-05-30 | 1973-05-24 | Heat-sensitization of anionic and non-ionic aqueous polymer dispersions |
CH757773A CH554910A (de) | 1972-05-30 | 1973-05-25 | Verfahren zum waermesensibilisieren von anionischen und nichtionischen waessrigen polymer-dispersionen. |
SE7307526A SE391721B (sv) | 1972-05-30 | 1973-05-28 | Forfarande for vermesensibilisering av anjonsika och nonjoniska vattendispersioner av polymerer |
GB2536173A GB1422873A (en) | 1972-05-30 | 1973-05-29 | Heat-sensitization of anionic and nonionic aqueous polymer dispersions |
AT471573A AT324702B (de) | 1972-05-30 | 1973-05-29 | Verfahren zum wärmesensibilisieren von anionischen und nichtionischen wässerigen polymer-dispersionen |
NO223173A NO141996C (no) | 1972-05-30 | 1973-05-29 | Fremgangsmaate for varmesensibilisering av anioniske og ikke-ioniske, vandige polymerdispersjoner. |
IT5030173A IT988211B (it) | 1972-05-30 | 1973-05-29 | Procedimento per la termosensi bilizzazione di dispersioni acquose anioniche e non ioni che di polimeri |
FR7319814A FR2186511B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1972-05-30 | 1973-05-30 | |
US05/545,758 US3944690A (en) | 1972-05-30 | 1975-01-30 | Production of nonwoven fabrics |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19722263921 DE2263921C2 (de) | 1972-12-29 | 1972-12-29 | Wärmesensibilisieren von anionischen und nichtionischen wäßrigen Polymerdispersionen |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE2263921B1 DE2263921B1 (de) | 1974-03-21 |
DE2263921A1 DE2263921A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-03-21 |
DE2263921C2 true DE2263921C2 (de) | 1985-05-15 |
Family
ID=5865690
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE19722263921 Expired DE2263921C2 (de) | 1972-05-30 | 1972-12-29 | Wärmesensibilisieren von anionischen und nichtionischen wäßrigen Polymerdispersionen |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE2263921C2 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
BE519478A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1952-04-25 | |||
US2805210A (en) * | 1955-09-09 | 1957-09-03 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Rubber latex compositions heat-sensitized with polyalkoxy-1-alkanols |
US2912349A (en) * | 1956-08-28 | 1959-11-10 | Wood Conversion Co | Latices and fabrics therefrom |
US3006872A (en) * | 1957-10-28 | 1961-10-31 | Union Carbide Corp | Coagulation of dispersed polymeric organic material with poly(ethylene oxide), and product thereof |
BE633652A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) * | 1962-06-19 | 1900-01-01 | ||
DE1619049C3 (de) * | 1967-06-14 | 1979-05-10 | Fa. Carl Freudenberg, 6940 Weinheim | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Vliesstoffen |
DE1619050A1 (de) * | 1967-06-14 | 1970-01-15 | Freudenberg Carl Fa | Verfahren zur Herstellung waermekoagulierender Impraegniermischungen |
-
1972
- 1972-12-29 DE DE19722263921 patent/DE2263921C2/de not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE2263921B1 (de) | 1974-03-21 |
DE2263921A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) | 1974-03-21 |
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Legal Events
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8278 | Suspension cancelled | ||
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8225 | Change of the main classification |
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8281 | Inventor (new situation) |
Free format text: DISTLER, DIETER, DR., 6704 MUTTERSTADT, DE WENDEL, KURT, DR., 6700 LUDWIGSHAFEN, DE EINWILLER, ANDREAS, DR., 6800 MANNHEIM, DE OPPENLAENDER, KNUT, DR., 6700 LUDWIGSHAFEN, DE |
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