DE1234350B - Schmieroel - Google Patents

Schmieroel

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Publication number
DE1234350B
DE1234350B DEE22134A DEE0022134A DE1234350B DE 1234350 B DE1234350 B DE 1234350B DE E22134 A DEE22134 A DE E22134A DE E0022134 A DEE0022134 A DE E0022134A DE 1234350 B DE1234350 B DE 1234350B
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Germany
Prior art keywords
oocr
carbon atoms
mixture
ester
coo
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Pending
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DEE22134A
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English (en)
Inventor
Alfred H Matuszak
Stephen J Metro
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ExxonMobil Technology and Engineering Co
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Exxon Research and Engineering Co
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Application filed by Exxon Research and Engineering Co filed Critical Exxon Research and Engineering Co
Publication of DE1234350B publication Critical patent/DE1234350B/de
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • C10M3/00Liquid compositions essentially based on lubricating components other than mineral lubricating oils or fatty oils and their use as lubricants; Use as lubricants of single liquid substances
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    • C10M2207/10Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/121Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of seven or less carbon atoms
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Description

BUNDESREPUBLIK DEUTSCHLAND
DEUTSCHES
PATENTAMT
AUSLEGESCHRIFT
Int. Cl.:
ClOm
C 1OM t63/00 B20
Deutsche Kl.: 23 c -1/01
Nummer:
Aktenzeichen:
Anmeldetag:
Auslegetag:
1 234 350
E22134IVc/23c
15. Dezember 1961
16. Februar 1967
Schmieröl
Die Verwendung von Diestern, Triestern und Esterngemischen als Schmieröle für Flugzeugmotoren, wie Turbodüsenmotoren, Turbopropellermotoren, reine Düsenmotoren und Turbogebläsemotoren, ist bekannt. Diese einzelnen Esteröle haben jedoch den Nachteil, daß ihr Druckaufnahmevermögen und ihre Viskositäten den Anforderungen bei höheren Temperaturen nicht genügen. Es wurde nun gefunden, daß ein Gemisch aus bereits bekannten Esterölen, bestehend aus 40 bis 70 Volumprozent eines Triesters der Formel
CH2-OOCR'
R-C-CH2OOCR'
CH2OOCR'
in der R eine Alkylgruppe mit 1 bis 8 C-Atomen, R' eine Alkylgruppe mit 3 bis 11 C-Atomen ist und 60 bis 30 Volumprozent eines Estergemisches aus einem Ester der Formel
R1—00CR2COO — (R3 — 00CR4COO)n—R5,
in der R1 und R5 Alkyl reste eines Neoalkohols mit 6 bis 13 C-Atomen, R2 und R1 Kohlenwasserstoffreste mit 4 bis 10 C-Atomen sind und R8 ein Kohlenwasserstoffrest eines keine jö-ständigen Wasserstoffatome aufweisenden 1,3-Glykols ist und einem geringeren Anteil eines Diesters der Formel
R1-OOCR2COO-R5,
diese Nachteile nicht besitzt und eine erhöhte Oxydationsbeständigkeit aufweist, die auf Grund der Eigenschaften der Komponenten nicht zu erwarten war. Als Triester werden Verbindungen der Formel CH2OOCR'
R-C-CH2OOCR' I
CH2OOCR'
benutzt, in der R eine gerad- oder verzweigtkettige Alkylgruppe mit 1 bis 8 C-Atomen und die Reste R' gleiche oder verschiedene verzweigtkettige oder geradkettige Alkylgruppen mit 3 bis 11 C-Atomen bedeuten. Derartige Ester lassen sich durch Anwendung der üblichen Veresterungsverfahren auf Trimethylolalkane und gerad- oder verzweigtkettige Monocarbonsäuren mit 4 bis 12 C-Atomen im Molekül herstellen. Beispiele für in diesem Sinne verwendbare Trimethylolalkane sind Trimethyloläthan, Trimethylolpropan, Trimethylolheptan, Trimethylolisooctan, Trimethylol-Anmelder:
Esso Research and Engineering Company,
Elizabeth, N. J. (V. St. A.)
Vertreter:
Dr. K. Th. Hegel, Patentanwalt,
Hamburg 36, Esplanade 36 a
Als Erfinder benannt:
Alfred H. Matuszak, Westfield, N. J.;
Stephen J. Metro, Scotch Plains, N. J. (V. St. A.)
Beanspruchte Priorität:
V. St. ν. Amerika vom 3. Januar 1961 (80 008)
decan. Beispiele für zur Herstellung der Triester verwendbare Monocarbonsäuren sind n-Buttersäure, Capronsäure, Önanthsäure, Caprylsäure, 2-Äthylcapronsäure, Pelargonsäure, Laurinsäure.
Die Estergemische werden durch Umsetzung einer Dicarbonsäure mit einem Neoglykol und einem Neoalkohol, d. h. einem Glykol und einem Alkohol hergestellt, die keine /S-ständigen Wasserstoffatome aufweisen. Diese Estergemische haben die Formel
R1 — 0OCR2COO — (R3 — 0OCR4COO)n — R5
in der R1 und R5 Alkylreste von einwertigen Alkoholen ohne ß-ständige Wasserstoffatome, R2 und R4 Kohlenwasserstoffreste von Dicarbonsäuren bedeuten und R3 den zweiwertigen Kohlenwasserstoff- oder Kohlenwasserstoffoxyrest eines Glykols oder PoIyglykols bezeichnet, welches keine /5-ständigen Wasser-Stoffatome enthält. Der Wert von η in dem Komplexester liegt je nach der gewünschten Viskosität des Produktes, die durch das relative Molverhältnis von Glykol oder Polyglykol zu Dicarbonsäure gesteuert wird, gewöhnlich im Bereich von 1 bis 6. Bei der Herstellung des Komplexesters bildet sich als Nebenprodukt auch etwas einfacher Ester (d. h. η — O).
Als Ausgangsstoffe zur Herstellung dieser Estergemische werden z. B. verwendet; Neoalkohole mit 6 bis 13 C-Atomen, wie 2,2,4-Trimethylpentanol-l, 2,2-Dimethylhexanol-1, 2,2-Dimethylpentanol-l, l-Methylcyclohexylmethanol, 2,2-Dimethylbutanol-l, 2,2-Dimethyldecanol-l; C6- bis C12-Dicarbonsäuren,
709 509/405
wie Sebacinsäure, Adipinsäure, Azelainsäure und Dodecandicarbonsäure; Neoglykole. wie 2,2-Diinethylpropandiol-1,3, 2-Äthyl-2-butylpropandiol-l,3, 2,2-Diäthylpropandiol-l,3, 2,2-Dimethylbutandiol-l,3. Im allgemeinen enthalten die Komplexester 20 bis 80, vorzugsweise 40 bis 65 C-Atome im Molekül. Die Herstellung der Estergemische ist bekannt und in der deutschen Patentschrift 887 986 beschrieben.
Sie werden durch Umsetzung von 1 Mol Glykol, 2 Mol Dicarbonsäure und 2 Mol des einwertigen Alkohols hergestellt. Dabei entsteht ein Gemisch, welches zu etwa 35 Gewichtsprozent aus dem Diester der Dicarbonsäure mit dem einwertigen Alkohol und zu etwa 65 Gewichtsprozent aus obigem Estergemisch besteht. Durch Abänderung der Menge der Reaktionsteilnehmer werden Gemische mit verschiedenen Mengenverhältnissen von Diester zu Estergemisch erhalten.
Zu den erfindungsgemäßen Schmierölen können auch andere übliche Zusätze, wie Rostverhinderungsmittel, Viskositätsindexverbesserer, Oxydati onsverzögerer, Korrosionsinhibitoren, Hochdruckmittel, Stockpunkterniedriger, Farbstoffe, Schmierfettverdicker, in Mengen von etwa 0,00] bis 10,0 Gewichtsprozent zugesetzt werden.
Zum Nachweis einer überraschenden synergistischen Wirkung des beanspruchten Gemisches aus Triester und Estergemisch gegenüber dem Stand der Technik wurden folgende Versuche durchgeführt:
Als Triester wurde der Triester von Trimethylolpropan mit Pelargonsäure verwendet. Das Estergemisch war ein solches vom Typ
einwertiger Alkohol — Dicarbonsäure — Glykol — Dicarbonsäure — einwertiger AJkohol,
hergestellt aus 2,2-Dimethylpropandiol-l,3, Sebacinsäure und 2,2,4-Trimethylpentanol-l.
Diese Ester wurden in gleichen Volumenanteilen miteinander gemischt und zusätzlich mit
3 °/0 Phenyl-A-naphthylamin,
2 °/o ρ,ρ'-Dioctyl-diphenylamin,
1 % Mischpolymerisat aus einem Acrylsäureester und 2-N-Vinylpyrrolidon
versetzt.
Die beiden einzelnen Ester (nach Zusatz der gleichen Schmierölzusätze) und das Gemisch wurden einem Hochtemperaturoxydationstest bei 218°C unter Hindurchleiten von 501 Luft je Stunde unterworfen. Dabei wurde die Zeit bis zum Ansteigen der ursprünglichen Viskosität auf den doppelten Wert gemessen.
Ergebnisse
Probe Triester Estergemisch Gemisch
50:50
Stunden bis zum
Anstieg der Visko
sität um 100 °/0
75 76 110
Die gleichen Versuche wurden mit dem Diester Sebacinsäure-di - (2,2,4 - trimethylpentyl) - ester, dem oben geschriebenen Estergemisch und einem Gemisch aus beiden Estern im Volumenverhältnis 50: 50 durchgeführt.
Ergebnisse
Probe Diester*) Estergemisch Gemisch
50:50
IO
Stunden bis zum
Anstieg der Visko
sität um 100%
> 100 76 etwa 80
*) Der Diester war in diesem Falle ein Gemisch aus 85°/0Di- »5 ester und ]5°/n Estergemisch.
Die obigen Werte zeigen, daß der Ersatz des Diesters in dem Estergemisch durch den Triester zu einer überraschenden synergistischen Wirkung führt. Wäh-
ao rend bei dem Gemisch aus gleichen Raumteilen Diester und Estergemisch die Zeit bis zur Verdoppelung der Viskosität zwischen den Werten für die beiden Einzelkomponenten liegt, ergibt sich für das Gemisch aus Triester und Estergemisch eine überraschende Erhöhung der Oxydationsbeständigkeit, die auch auf Grund der bereits bekannten Eigenschaften der beiden Einzelkomponenten nicht vorauszusehen war.

Claims (1)

  1. Patentanspruch:
    Schmierölgemisch, bestehend aus 40 bis 70 Volumprozent eines Triesters der Formel
    CH2OOCR'
    R-C-CH2OOCR'
    CH2OOCR'
    in der R eine Alkylgruppe mit 1 bis 8 C-Atomen und R' eine Alkylgruppe mit 3 bis 11 C-Atomen ist, und 60 bis 30 Volumprozent eines Estergemisches mit einem überwiegenden Anteil aus einem Ester der allgemeinen Formel
    R1 — 0OCR2COO — (R3 — OOCR4COO)„ — R5
    in der Rj und R5 Alkylreste eines Neoalkohols mit 6 bis 13 C-Atomen, R2 und R4 Kohlenwasserstoffreste mit 4 bis 10 C-Atomen sind und R3 ein Kohlenwasserstoffrest eines keine /J-ständigen Wasserstoffatome aufweisenden 1,3-Glykols und κ 1 bis 6 ist, und einem geringeren Anteil eines Diesters der Formel
    R1 — 0OCR2COO — R5
    In Betracht gezogene Druckschriften:
    Deutsche Patentschriften Nr. 887 986, 958 146;
    Industriel and Engineering Chemistry (1953), S. 1772
    709 509/405 2.67 © Bundesdruclcerei Berlin
DEE22134A 1961-01-03 1961-12-15 Schmieroel Pending DE1234350B (de)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3287283A (en) * 1964-01-09 1966-11-22 Exxon Research Engineering Co Lubricants containing copolymers of unsaturated esters of dicarboxylic acid and nu-vinylbutyrolactam
DE1594423A1 (de) * 1964-02-11 1969-10-02 Exxon Research Engineering Co Schmieroel
US3347791A (en) * 1964-02-26 1967-10-17 Eastman Kodak Co Antioxidant composition and ester lubricating oil containing it
US3309314A (en) * 1964-05-29 1967-03-14 Shell Oil Co Lubricant compositions
US3773665A (en) * 1971-11-17 1973-11-20 Mobil Oil Corp Lubricants containing amine antioxidants
FR2254633B1 (de) * 1973-12-12 1976-10-08 Inst Francais Du Petrole
CA1272183A (en) * 1986-02-04 1990-07-31 Noboru Ishida Lubricating oil compositions
JPH0678549B2 (ja) * 1989-02-10 1994-10-05 日本石油株式会社 食品加工機械用潤滑油組成物

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DE887986C (de) * 1949-03-18 1953-08-27 Standard Oil Dev Co Schmiermittel
DE958146C (de) * 1953-10-22 1957-02-14 Standard Oil Dev Co Verfahren zur Stabilisierung der Tieftemperaturviskositaet eines synthetischen Schmieroelgemisches

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US2499984A (en) * 1948-12-16 1950-03-07 Rohm & Haas Oily complex esters
US2798083A (en) * 1954-02-03 1957-07-02 Eastman Kodak Co Synthetic ester lubricants
US2820815A (en) * 1954-04-08 1958-01-21 Exxon Research Engineering Co Synthetic lubricating compositions and process for their preparation
US2857421A (en) * 1954-10-27 1958-10-21 Exxon Research Engineering Co Reclamation of used synthetic lubricating oils
US2889354A (en) * 1955-10-06 1959-06-02 Monsanto Chemicals Dicarboxylate esters of alcohol containing a quaternary carbon in the beta-position
GB861965A (en) * 1957-08-16 1961-03-01 British Petroleum Co Improvements relating to synthetic lubricants

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE887986C (de) * 1949-03-18 1953-08-27 Standard Oil Dev Co Schmiermittel
DE958146C (de) * 1953-10-22 1957-02-14 Standard Oil Dev Co Verfahren zur Stabilisierung der Tieftemperaturviskositaet eines synthetischen Schmieroelgemisches

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