DE102011055797A1 - Fastening device with dowel and reinforcement - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fastening device (1) for fastening a rail on a railway sleeper (2), in particular concrete sleeper, or slab track, which has a dowel (3), in particular screw dowels, for concreting into the railway sleeper (2) or the slab track, wherein on the dowel (3) a reinforcement (4) is provided. The invention further relates to a railway sleeper (2), in particular concrete sleeper, and / or a slab track with at least one such fastening device (1).

Description

The present invention relates to a fastening device for fastening a rail on a railway sleepers, in particular concrete sleepers, or slab track, which has a dowel, in particular a screw plug for Einbetonieren in the railway sleeper or the slab track.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a railway sleepers, in particular a concrete sleeper, and a slab track with such a fastening device.

The above-mentioned fastening devices with dowels are known in principle from the prior art and are used in track construction to produce a non-positive connection between the rail and the substructure, ie the railway sleeper or the slab track. In particular, the fastening device is used to derive the forces acting on the rail forces in the substructure.

In DE 35 030139 C2 Such a rail fastening on a concrete sleeper is described by way of example. Here, the rail is mounted on the concrete sleeper indirectly via a resilient clamp and a sleeper screw, the sleeper screw is screwed to fix the clamp on the rail in a anchored in the threshold plastic dowels.

Furthermore, for example WO 2011/070060 known that such dowels can be poured into the substructure already in the production of the railway sleeper or the slab track, so that the dowel up to the dowel hole, ie where the sleeper screw is inserted into the head of the dowel, positively surrounded by concrete is.

When using the previously known from the prior art fasteners with dowels, however, has shown in practice that the thresholds or the slab track in the rail support, especially in the area around the dowel, tend to cracks in the concrete. These cracks not only have a detrimental effect on the static properties of the sleeper, in particular its load-bearing capacity, but also on the strength of the connection between rail and substructure produced by means of dowels and screws. In addition, water and dirt can penetrate into the resulting cracks and thus cause weathering or even destruction of the substructure. Overall, there is a risk that the reliability of the rail line can be affected. This has u. a. As a result, it may not be possible to guarantee the required minimum service lives for the substructure and the fastening device between rail and substructure.

Object of the present invention is to provide a fastening device with a dowel for concreting in a railway sleeper or slab track and a railway sleeper and / or slab track with at least one such fastening device, which ensure improved reliability and longer life.

This object is achieved by a fastening device with the features of claim 1 and a railway sleeper or slab track with the features of claim 12. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

According to the invention, the fastening device or railway sleeper or slab track has a dowel for setting in concrete in the railway sleeper or slab on which a reinforcement is provided.

According to the invention, it has been recognized that the described formation of cracks in the railway sleeper or the slab track can be caused by the pressure conditions in the region of the plug. When inserting the dowel corresponding counter-connecting means, so for example when screwing the sleeper screw, the dowel is spread and pressed with pressure against the surrounding base body. The resulting tensile and compressive stresses in the concrete of the sleeper or roadway body can exceed its creep strength and thus lead to cracks or flaking in the concrete. The cracking in the concrete can be further reinforced by pressure peaks that occur, for example, when additional forces are derived by a train traveling on the rail train via the fastening device, in particular the dowel in the substructure.

In contrast, the tensile and compressive strength of the concrete in the area around the dowel is increased by the invention provided on the anchor reinforcement in such a way that cracking can be avoided. In particular, it can be achieved by means of the reinforcement, on the one hand, the pressure exerted by the surrounding concrete on the dowel pressure is reduced and on the other hand, conversely, the derived from the screw on the dowel forces are heard appreciably in the reinforcement and only reduced in the concrete.

According to a first advantageous embodiment of the invention, the reinforcement is substantially spiral, preferably conical spiral, formed. The spiral shape combines several advantages. On the one hand, a reinforcement can be produced by the helical configuration in a manner which is technically easy to produce whose rotationally symmetrical geometry is adapted to the likewise rotationally symmetrical geometry of the usually cylindrical dowels used. This allows that above the dowel in the concrete, especially radially derived forces with particularly high efficiency can be substantially uniformly absorbed in the reinforcement. In particular, it is sufficient for this purpose that the reinforcement, for example, consists only in one piece of a, for example bent from a steel wire, spiral, which has no additional reinforcement parts. As a result, the reinforcement can be technically particularly simple and inexpensive to implement.

On the other hand, the spiral shape of the reinforcement can be used to unscrew the reinforcement for fixing from the outside to the dowel, the dowel for this purpose, for example, an external thread identifies with approximately the same pitch as the spiral. Alternatively, the dowel may also have a groove in which at least one turn of the reinforcement engages like a clip.

For the uniform radially symmetrical force absorption, it is particularly advantageous if the spiral axis of the reinforcement is arranged substantially coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the anchor, so that the axes of symmetry of the reinforcement and the dowel coincide.

Furthermore, the force is absorbed into the reinforcement then particularly effective when the reinforcement encloses the anchor at least partially. In this way it can be ensured that the concrete surrounding the anchor is evenly reinforced and is thus protected against exceeding its creep rupture strength.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the reinforcement is made of a wire, in particular steel wire, and / or made, as steel wire has proven in concrete construction as a particularly suitable material for concrete reinforcements. In addition, a wire can bend in a particularly simple manner in a spiral shape. Preferably, the wire has a diameter in the range of 3 mm to 8 mm, in particular from 4 mm to 6 mm.

For the production of a railway sleeper or slab with concrete embedded dowels described above, the dowel is mounted on a dowel holder before concreting and positioned at its destination position in a sleeper or train formwork. This is followed by pouring the mold or casing with concrete. According to the invention, the reinforcement is also embedded in concrete.

For this purpose, it is of particular advantage if the reinforcement is fixable to the anchor in a mounting position, so that no additional holding device for the reinforcement is required during concreting. On the one hand, this reduces the labor and cost involved in the production of the railway sleeper or slab track. On the other hand, in this way, the position of the reinforcement predetermined by the statics of the substructure is secured relative to the anchor for setting in concrete, so that reinforcement and dowels can not shift relative to one another in the assembly position during setting in concrete. This ensures that the reinforcement in the finished cast railway sleeper or carriageway is always correctly placed, adequate concrete cover over the steel wires is maintained and the reinforcement thus achieves its desired static effect in the long term.

Furthermore, the dowel and the reinforcement that can be fixed thereto can be prefabricated industrially in such a way that, as an already pre-assembled dowel reinforcement unit, i. H. in assembly position, available for subsequent concreting. As a result, the manufacturing process of the threshold and the track superstructure can be both time and cost optimized and more economical.

To set the reinforcement to the dowel is provided according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention that the dowel has a groove into which at least one turn of the spiral reinforcement is clip-like used, so that the turn engages positively and non-positively in the mounting position in the groove , Through this clip connection, the reinforcement can be set very quickly and easily on the dowel, which significantly reduces the time required for pre-assembly of the dowel reinforcement unit.

Advantageously, the groove is formed such that it at least partially revolves around the dowel, preferably on a perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the dowel circular path. This achieves in particular that the reinforcement can no longer move in the assembly position in both directions along the dowel longitudinal axis and is thus determined positionally secure.

Accordingly, the reinforcement for this purpose at at least one end, preferably to the spiral axis approximately perpendicularly arranged, final turn, which is clipped into the at least partially circumferential groove of the anchor and engages in the assembled position.

In particular, by a preferably perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the anchor extending circular groove, in which the spiral axis substantially perpendicularly arranged Abschlusswindung is clip-like, causes the spiral axis of the reinforcement is arranged substantially coaxially to the longitudinal axis of the anchor. In particular, the reinforcement is radially symmetrical, ie in all rotational positions with respect to the spiral axis or dowel longitudinal axis, can be fixed to the dowel. This simplified and accelerated advantageously the assembly of dowels and reinforcement in their mounting position.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, the anchor for fixing the reinforcement may have an external thread on which at least one turn of the spiral reinforcement can be screwed and / or engages in the at least one turn in the assembled position. In this embodiment, the spiral shape of the reinforcement is advantageously utilized in order to fix it to the dowel.

The dowel is preferably concreted in that the head of the dowel is flush with the top of the railway sleeper or slab track, so that therefore that end of the dowel is arranged on the upper side of the substructure, into which a dowel corresponding mating connecting element, preferably a screw , is insertable. On the other hand, the reinforcement in the finished railway sleeper or slab must be completely surrounded by concrete, i. H. have sufficient concrete cover to prevent especially corrosion damage to the reinforcement by externally acting moisture. For this reason, it is provided in a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, that in the assembly position the head of the dowel facing end of the reinforcement is arranged at a predetermined distance to the head end of the dowel. Preferably, this distance is in the range of 20 mm to 35 mm, in particular between 25 mm and 30 mm.

In order to ensure that this distance does not fall below in any case, in particular during setting in concrete, the reinforcement can advantageously be fixed in a manner secure against displacement, at least in one direction along the dowel longitudinal axis. For this purpose, the dowel in addition to the external thread also have a stop, so that the reinforcement in the head direction can only be screwed to a position determined by the stop along the longitudinal axis of the dowel.

It is also conceivable that the spiral reinforcement is pushed by radial expansion of the spiral on the dowel along the dowel axis and is then fixed by the radially inwardly acting spring force of the spiral and the concomitant friction between dowels and reinforcement on the dowel in the assembled position. In this case, in turn, a stop can be provided, which determines the reinforcement along the dowel axis in the direction of the dowel head verschiebesicher.

Alternatively, both the helical reinforcement and the external thread on the plug can be conical, d. H. essentially be formed as a trapezoidal thread, so that this also the screwing and fixing the reinforcement is possible only up to a defined position in the direction of the dowel head.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the plug is made of plastic and / or consists of plastic. In addition to the generally known from the prior art advantages of plastic as a dowel material, the use of plastic dowels in track construction offers the particular advantage that in this way an electrical insulation of the rails and sleeper screw against the threshold or slab track can be achieved, for example, the technical Requirement of signaling technology to meet.

Conceivable, however, are other dowels, for example made of metal.

In particular, the dowel for fixing the rail on the substructure may be formed as a screw plug with an internal thread to receive therein a mating connector element corresponding to the dowel, preferably a screw corresponding to the internal thread, in particular sleeper screw. Alternatively, a self-tapping screw, which cuts a thread in the interior of the dowel, or a profiled nail, which is hammered into the dowel may be provided as a counter-connecting element.

Other objects, advantages, features and applications of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawings. All described and / or illustrated features alone or in any meaningful combination form the subject matter of the present invention, also independent of their summary in the claims or their dependency.

Show it:

1 a section through a railway sleepers made of concrete, in which a fastening device with dowels and reinforcement is cast according to a first embodiment of the invention,

2 a plan view of the reinforcement according to 1 .

3 a side view of the reinforcement according to 1 and

4 an isometric view of a fastening device with dowel and reinforcement according to a second embodiment of the invention.

1 shows a first embodiment of a fastening device according to the invention 1 with dowels 3 and reinforcement 4 for securing a railroad track on a railway sleeper 2 made of concrete, with the dowel 3 and the probation 4 in the railway threshold 2 are in concrete.

The fastening of the rail on the railway sleepers 2 For example, like in the case of DE 35 030139 C2 known rail fastening system using a spring clamp and sleeper screw, not shown here. The threshold screw for fixing the clamp on the rail foot in the in the threshold 2 anchored dowels 3 screwed.

For this purpose, the cylindrical dowel 3 one to the top of the railway sleepers 2 aligned head 9 on, in that with the dowel 3 corresponding counter-connecting element, that is, for example, as provided in the present embodiment, the threshold screw through the dowel opening 10 in the dowels 3 is insertable. Inside, the dowel points 3 a arranged along its longitudinal axis D1 internal thread, which is engageable with the preferably corresponding thereto external thread of the screw in operative connection.

The at the dowel 3 provided reinforcement 4 serves to do this by the rail and the sleeper screw and over the dowel 3 At least partially absorbed forces derived from the concrete. This can exceed the creep strength of the concrete in the railway sleeper 2 be avoided. The reinforcement 4 thus causes an increase in the compressive and tensile strength of the concrete sleeper 2 in the area of the dowel 3 , so that an undesirable cracking in the concrete can be prevented. By the reinforcement, conversely, it is also achieved that of the concrete sleeper 2 on the dowel 3 and the screw applied pressure can be reduced.

In order to be able to absorb the acting forces particularly effectively, the reinforcement is 4 spirally formed and arranged so that they are the cylindrical dowel 3 encloses radially symmetrical and at least partially along its longitudinal axis D1. In particular, the spiral axis S1 of the reinforcement 4 coaxial to the longitudinal axis D1 of the anchor 3 arranged. This is the geometry and positioning of the reinforcement 4 such to the cylindrically symmetric geometry of the anchor 3 adjusted that over the dowel 3 in the concrete mainly radially derived forces with particularly high efficiency in the reinforcement 4 can be included.

Like from the 2 and 3 can be seen, in the present first embodiment, the spiral-shaped reinforcement 4 made of a steel wire with a diameter of 4 mm. Steel wire has proved to be particularly suitable as a reinforcing material in concrete construction and can also bend in a technically particularly simple manner to a spiral.

In particular, the reinforcement 4 on the dowel 3 fixable in a mounting position. For this purpose, the dowel 3 according to the first embodiment according to 1 an external thread 8th on top of that the spiral reinforcement 4 can be screwed before setting in concrete. The screwing takes place via the dowel head 9 opposite end of the dowel 3 where at least one turn 6 the reinforcement 4 in the external thread 8th of the dowel 3 intervenes.

Both the external thread 8th of the dowel 3 as well as the spiral of the reinforcement 4 are conically formed according to the first embodiment, so that the reinforcement 4 only up to a certain position along the longitudinal axis D1 of the anchor 3 can be screwed on. Thus, this is in mounting position the head 9 facing end of the reinforcement 4 at a predetermined distance a1 to the head end of the dowel 3 fixable, so that ensures that the reinforcement 4 after setting in concrete a sufficient concrete cover to the top of the railway sleeper 2 while the top end of the dowel 3 flush with the top edge of the railway sleeper 2 concludes. In the present first embodiment, the distance between reinforcement 4 and upper edge of the railway sleeper 2 or head end of the dowel 3 in about 25 mm.

The fixability of the reinforcement 4 on the dowel 3 especially the advantage that the reinforcement 4 and the dowel 3 while concreting the railway sleepers 2 can not move relative to each other, so are secured relative to each other in the statically desired arrangement, so that after concreting the static effect of the reinforcement 4 guaranteed in any case. In particular, by the dowel 3 fixable reinforcement 4 only a common holder device for the reinforcement 4 and the dowel 3 when setting in concrete necessary what both the time and the Workload in the production of railway sleepers 2 reduced.

Furthermore, can be in this way the dowel 3 and the reinforcement 4 advantageously preassembled industrially to a dowel reinforcement unit in order to be available for the subsequent setting in concrete, in particular at another production site. This makes the manufacturing process of the entire track substructure more economical.

4 shows a second Ausführungsbespiel the fastening device according to the invention 1 , This in turn has a dowel 3 on which a spiral reinforcement 4 can be fixed, which in the present embodiment consists essentially of two turns 5 exists, with the turns 5 at both ends of the reinforcement 4 as each one perpendicular to the spiral axis S1 arranged Abschlusswindung 5 are formed. The connection between dowels 3 and reinforcement 4 does not take place on the outside terrain according to this second embodiment 8th of the dowel 3 but via a groove 7 that the cylindrical dowel 3 circulates in a circle. Here is the of the groove 7 enclosed circular area perpendicular to the longitudinal axis D1 of the dowel 3 arranged. In the groove 7 At least one of the turns can 6 , preferably one of the two end turns 5 , are used clip-like, so that these positive and non-positive in the groove 7 intervenes. Overall, therefore, the reinforcement 4 in both directions against displacement along the longitudinal axis D1 of the anchor 3 secured. The clip-like connection according to the second embodiment has over the screw according to the first embodiment, not only the advantage that the reinforcement 4 much more stable on the dowel 3 is fixed, but also that the connection is much faster and easier to produce technically. This brings especially in relation to the pre-assembly of the dowel 3 with the reinforcement 4 a significant time advantage.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

fastening device

2

Railway sleeper, in particular concrete sleeper

3

dowel

4

reinforcement

5

Abschlusswindung

6

convolution

7

groove

8th

external thread

9

Head of the dowel

10

dowel hole

D1

Longitudinal axis of the dowel

S1

Spiral axis of the reinforcement

a1

distance

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 35030139 C2 [0004, 0039]
• WO 2011/070060 [0005]

Claims (12)

Fastening device ( 1 ) for fixing a rail on a railway sleeper ( 2 ), in particular concrete sleeper, or slab track, a dowel ( 3 ), in particular screw dowels, for setting in concrete in the railway sleepers ( 2 ) or the slab track, characterized in that on the dowel ( 3 ) a reinforcement ( 4 ) is provided. Fastening device ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the reinforcement ( 4 ) is formed substantially helically, preferably conically spirally. Fastening device ( 1 ) according to claim 2, characterized in that the spiral axis (S1) of the reinforcement ( 4 ) substantially coaxial with the longitudinal axis (D1) of the anchor ( 3 ) is arranged. Fastening device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the reinforcement ( 4 ) the dowel ( 3 ) encloses at least regionally. Fastening device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the reinforcement ( 4 ) in a mounting position on the dowel ( 3 ) is determinable. Fastening device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the dowel ( 3 ) for setting the reinforcement ( 4 ) a, preferably at least partially circumferential, groove ( 7 ), in which at least one turn ( 6 ) of the spiral reinforcement ( 4 ) engages in an assembly position. Fastening device ( 1 ) according to claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the reinforcement ( 4 ) at least one end to the spiral axis (S1) arranged substantially vertically Abschlusswindung ( 5 ), which is designed to be in a corresponding, preferably circular circumferential groove ( 7 ) of the dowel ( 3 ) such that the spiral axis (S1) of the reinforcement ( 4 ) substantially coaxial with the longitudinal axis (D1) of the anchor ( 3 ) is aligned. Fastening device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 2 to 7, characterized in that the dowel ( 3 ) for setting the reinforcement ( 4 ) an external thread ( 8th ), in which at least one turn ( 5 . 6 ) of the spiral reinforcement ( 4 ) is screwed and / or engages in the mounting position. Fastening device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 8, that the dowel ( 3 ) at one end a head ( 9 ), in which a with the dowel ( 3 ) corresponding mating connecting element, preferably a screw, in the dowel ( 3 ) is insertable, wherein in mounting position the head ( 8th ) facing end of the reinforcement ( 4 ) at a predetermined distance (a1) to the head end of the anchor ( 3 ) is arranged. Fastening device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the reinforcement ( 4 ) is made of a wire, in particular steel wire, and / or made, preferably with a wire diameter in the range of 3 mm to 8 mm, in particular from 4 mm to 6 mm. Fastening device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the dowel ( 3 ) is made of plastic and / or consists. Railway threshold ( 2 ), in particular concrete sleeper, and / or slab track with at least one fastening device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 11.

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