CS274472B2 - Method of geological formations consolidation - Google Patents
Method of geological formations consolidation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CS274472B2 CS274472B2 CS570488A CS570488A CS274472B2 CS 274472 B2 CS274472 B2 CS 274472B2 CS 570488 A CS570488 A CS 570488A CS 570488 A CS570488 A CS 570488A CS 274472 B2 CS274472 B2 CS 274472B2
- Authority
- CS
- Czechoslovakia
- Prior art keywords
- component
- polyol
- weight
- geological formations
- reaction
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 title claims description 5
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- -1 polydimethylsiloxanes Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 23
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 22
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 12
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 11
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 11
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 5
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013772 propylene glycol Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 3
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005830 Polyurethane Foam Polymers 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethane Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1CC1=CC=CC=C1 CZZYITDELCSZES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 2
- HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 HMMGMWAXVFQUOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011496 polyurethane foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960004793 sucrose Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 2
- IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylenediamine Chemical compound C1CN2CCN1CC2 IMNIMPAHZVJRPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910003849 O-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910003872 O—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000265 Polyparaphenylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N biuret Chemical group NC(=O)NC(N)=O OHJMTUPIZMNBFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- VPKDCDLSJZCGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbodiimide group Chemical group N=C=N VPKDCDLSJZCGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyldichlorosilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(Cl)Cl LIKFHECYJZWXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N disiloxane Chemical class [SiH3]O[SiH3] KPUWHANPEXNPJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001033 ether group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004872 foam stabilizing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DYDNPESBYVVLBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N formanilide Chemical compound O=CNC1=CC=CC=C1 DYDNPESBYVVLBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HTDJPCNNEPUOOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane Chemical compound C[Si]1(C)O[Si](C)(C)O[Si](C)(C)O1 HTDJPCNNEPUOOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012766 organic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005903 polyol mixture Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NGVNAUIRSOXAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-ene-1,2-diol Chemical compound CC(O)=CO NGVNAUIRSOXAJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003606 tin compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea-1-carboxylic acid Chemical group NC(=O)NC(O)=O AVWRKZWQTYIKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N urethane group Chemical group NC(=O)OCC JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
- E21D9/002—Injection methods characterised by the chemical composition used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/549—Silicon-containing compounds containing silicon in a ring
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3727880A DE3727880C1 (de) | 1987-08-21 | 1987-08-21 | Verfahren zur Verfestigung von geologischen Formationen |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS570488A2 CS570488A2 (en) | 1990-08-14 |
| CS274472B2 true CS274472B2 (en) | 1991-04-11 |
Family
ID=6334173
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS570488A CS274472B2 (en) | 1987-08-21 | 1988-08-19 | Method of geological formations consolidation |
Country Status (13)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4965292A (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP0303950B1 (fr) |
| JP (1) | JPH0674422B2 (fr) |
| AT (1) | ATE84808T1 (fr) |
| AU (1) | AU601073B2 (fr) |
| BR (1) | BR8804259A (fr) |
| CA (1) | CA1317449C (fr) |
| CS (1) | CS274472B2 (fr) |
| DE (2) | DE3727880C1 (fr) |
| ES (1) | ES2039014T3 (fr) |
| HU (1) | HUT49922A (fr) |
| PL (1) | PL158287B1 (fr) |
| ZA (1) | ZA886154B (fr) |
Families Citing this family (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2536638B2 (ja) * | 1989-11-10 | 1996-09-18 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | 地盤改良工法 |
| US5436396A (en) * | 1992-06-22 | 1995-07-25 | Sandvik Rock Tools, Inc. | Stabilizing compositions and methods for stabilizing subterranean formations |
| DE4312231C2 (de) * | 1993-04-14 | 2002-01-31 | Bilfinger Berger Bau | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von flächigen Bauelementen im Boden |
| GB2332221A (en) | 1997-12-13 | 1999-06-16 | Sofitech Nv | Stabilising clayey formations |
| GB2363810B (en) | 2000-06-21 | 2003-03-26 | Sofitech Nv | Processes for treating subterranean formations |
| DE10114651C1 (de) * | 2001-03-24 | 2002-05-08 | Carbotech Fosroc Gmbh | Verfahren zum Verfestigen von geologischen Formationen |
| DE102006003033A1 (de) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-08-02 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Schotterkörper sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schotterkörpern |
| US9469798B1 (en) | 2009-09-10 | 2016-10-18 | Line-X Llc | Mine seal |
| RU2463316C2 (ru) * | 2010-07-02 | 2012-10-10 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Казанский национальный исследовательский технологический университет"(ФГБОУ ВПО "КНИТУ") | Способ получения полисилоксануретана |
| US10000686B2 (en) | 2013-12-18 | 2018-06-19 | Covestro Llc | Methods for treating a well bore within an underground formation |
| CN113818879B (zh) * | 2021-08-09 | 2024-05-24 | 华北科技学院(中国煤矿安全技术培训中心) | 一种破裂煤柱加固与防火方法 |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3061556A (en) * | 1959-08-20 | 1962-10-30 | Mobay Chemical Corp | Preparation of cellular polyurethane plastics |
| GB885762A (en) * | 1959-11-05 | 1961-12-28 | Peute Chemie G M B H Chem Fab | Process for consolidating the surface of permeable mineral material and rendering it impermeable |
| DE2246400A1 (de) * | 1972-09-21 | 1974-04-11 | Wacker Chemie Gmbh | Verfahren zur herstellung von polyurethanschaumstoffen |
| US4114382A (en) * | 1974-07-26 | 1978-09-19 | Bayer Aktiengesellschaft | Process for the consolidation of geological formations and loosened rock and earth masses |
| DE2448958A1 (de) * | 1974-10-15 | 1976-04-22 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Wasserunempfindliches system, insbesondere zum abdichten und verfestigen wasserfuehrender geologischer formationen |
| JPS5524454B2 (fr) * | 1975-03-15 | 1980-06-28 | ||
| DE2623346C2 (de) * | 1976-05-25 | 1978-07-13 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zum Verfestigen von geologischen Formationen und Zweikammer-Patrone |
| US4454252A (en) * | 1981-03-02 | 1984-06-12 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Process of sealing and strengthening water-bearing geological formations by means of polyurethane-resin-forming compositions |
| DE3139395C2 (de) * | 1981-10-03 | 1984-09-13 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zum Verfestigen von geologischen Gesteins-, Erd- und Kohleformationen |
| JPS604551A (ja) * | 1983-06-22 | 1985-01-11 | Takeda Chem Ind Ltd | 揺変性ポリウレタン樹脂組成物 |
| US4554295A (en) * | 1983-07-13 | 1985-11-19 | Eastern Foam Products, Inc. | Method for preparing flexible polyurethane foams from polymer/polyols and improved polyurethane foam product |
| DE3502997A1 (de) * | 1985-01-30 | 1986-07-31 | Bayer Ag, 5090 Leverkusen | Verfahren zur verfestigung von geologischen formationen |
| US4760098A (en) * | 1985-07-12 | 1988-07-26 | Alexander Miutel | Low density foams |
| DE3532387A1 (de) * | 1985-09-11 | 1987-04-23 | Bergwerksverband Gmbh | Verfahren zur verfestigung geologischer formationen |
| US4686240A (en) * | 1985-10-25 | 1987-08-11 | Union Carbide Corporation | Process for producing polyurethane foams using foam modifiers |
| US4855379A (en) * | 1988-03-08 | 1989-08-08 | Union Carbide Corporation | Silicone surfactants containing cyclic siloxane pendants |
-
1987
- 1987-08-21 DE DE3727880A patent/DE3727880C1/de not_active Expired
-
1988
- 1988-08-10 AT AT88112964T patent/ATE84808T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-08-10 EP EP88112964A patent/EP0303950B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-08-10 DE DE8888112964T patent/DE3877655D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-08-10 ES ES198888112964T patent/ES2039014T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-08-16 CA CA000574880A patent/CA1317449C/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-08-19 JP JP63204925A patent/JPH0674422B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1988-08-19 ZA ZA886154A patent/ZA886154B/xx unknown
- 1988-08-19 CS CS570488A patent/CS274472B2/cs unknown
- 1988-08-19 PL PL1988274317A patent/PL158287B1/pl unknown
- 1988-08-19 HU HU884412A patent/HUT49922A/hu unknown
- 1988-08-22 BR BR8804259A patent/BR8804259A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-08-22 AU AU21477/88A patent/AU601073B2/en not_active Ceased
-
1989
- 1989-11-17 US US07/438,903 patent/US4965292A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE84808T1 (de) | 1993-02-15 |
| EP0303950B1 (fr) | 1993-01-20 |
| DE3727880C1 (de) | 1989-01-19 |
| PL274317A1 (en) | 1989-04-03 |
| ES2039014T3 (es) | 1993-08-16 |
| JPS6470583A (en) | 1989-03-16 |
| CS570488A2 (en) | 1990-08-14 |
| AU601073B2 (en) | 1990-08-30 |
| BR8804259A (pt) | 1989-03-14 |
| EP0303950A3 (en) | 1989-10-11 |
| AU2147788A (en) | 1989-02-23 |
| US4965292A (en) | 1990-10-23 |
| HUT49922A (en) | 1989-11-28 |
| CA1317449C (fr) | 1993-05-11 |
| ZA886154B (en) | 1989-05-30 |
| EP0303950A2 (fr) | 1989-02-22 |
| JPH0674422B2 (ja) | 1994-09-21 |
| PL158287B1 (en) | 1992-08-31 |
| DE3877655D1 (de) | 1993-03-04 |
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