CN87103283A - 汽车传动拉杆中的全轮止动系统 - Google Patents

汽车传动拉杆中的全轮止动系统 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN87103283A
CN87103283A CN87103283.XA CN87103283A CN87103283A CN 87103283 A CN87103283 A CN 87103283A CN 87103283 A CN87103283 A CN 87103283A CN 87103283 A CN87103283 A CN 87103283A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
brake
planetary gear
transmission shaft
stop system
plugging assembly
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
CN87103283.XA
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN1006148B (zh
Inventor
赫尔曼·皮特舒
克劳斯·高斯拉布
罗伯特·米勒
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Original Assignee
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG filed Critical Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Publication of CN87103283A publication Critical patent/CN87103283A/zh
Publication of CN1006148B publication Critical patent/CN1006148B/zh
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/04—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing
    • B60K17/16—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles characterised by arrangement, location, or kind of gearing of differential gearing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/10—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K17/00—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles
    • B60K17/34—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles
    • B60K17/348—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having differential means for driving one set of wheels, e.g. the front, at one speed and the other set, e.g. the rear, at a different speed
    • B60K17/35—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having differential means for driving one set of wheels, e.g. the front, at one speed and the other set, e.g. the rear, at a different speed including arrangements for suppressing or influencing the power transfer, e.g. viscous clutches
    • B60K17/3505—Arrangement or mounting of transmissions in vehicles for driving both front and rear wheels, e.g. four wheel drive vehicles having differential means for driving one set of wheels, e.g. the front, at one speed and the other set, e.g. the rear, at a different speed including arrangements for suppressing or influencing the power transfer, e.g. viscous clutches with self-actuated means, e.g. by difference of speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/06—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion
    • F16H48/10—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears
    • F16H2048/106—Differential gearings with gears having orbital motion with orbital spur gears characterised by two sun gears

Abstract

汽车前轴-后轴传动拉杆中的全轮止动系统由一个借助直接差动的行星齿轮装置和一个与其行星齿轮架啮合的制动装置组成。制动组件与制动器固定板连接，与制动组件相作用的反向制动器则与向着后轴的传动轴抗扭连接。为了得到很小的必需的制动力矩和制动装置，齿轮传动比与制动装置的比例要明显大于它与直接差动的比例。

Description

本发明涉及汽车前轴-后轴传动拉杆中的全轮止动系统。
这种止动系统已在德意志联邦共和国专利说明书DE-PS    3507490中作了介绍。其所用的行星齿轮装置是由一个与动轴相联接的主动太阳齿轮、一个与其邻近同轴配置并与传动轴联接的齿数略多的从动太阳齿轮，以及与两个太阳齿轮共同啮合的装在行星齿轮架上的行星齿轮组成。在行星齿轮架上装有击发杠杆轴，该轴上装有作为制动组件的制动块，当行星齿轮架转动时，该制动块起离心配重作用，并与其刹车摩擦片一起装在作为反向制动组件的固定的制动鼓上。因为从动太阳轮比主动太阳轮少1或2个轮齿，所以与太阳齿轮保持16∶1的齿轮传动比的行星齿轮架不断地转动，即使前轴与后轴同步转动，使止动系统持续造成消耗功率，但无论如何这种消耗功率也是很小的。此外，为使前轴和后轴同步转动，所有附带的角传动装置与所有差动传动比成反比的情况一定有所不同。如果带有前侧传动的汽车的主动太阳齿轮的齿数Z＝32，从动太阳齿轮的齿数Z＝30，则为了与所有差动传动比平衡起见，角传动装置与前轴的传动比为8∶32，与后轴的传动比为8∶30。
本发明的任务在于进一步构成一个这样的止动系统，使前轮与后轮的同步转动在角传动装置的传动比相等时成为可能的，而在不滑动的同步转动时避免止动系统中的功率消耗。
为了解决这项任务，制动装置由一个与行星齿轮架抗扭联接的制动组件和一个与其相互作用的反向制动组件组成，该反向制动组件与对着后轴或前轴的传动轴抗扭联接。当与行星齿轮架联接的制动组件和与前轴后轴的传动拉杆抗扭联接的反向制动组件相互作用时，在他们同步转动的情况下，整个止动系统随之转动，行星齿轮架并未作相对转动。因此，在这种情况下并不存在制动力矩和功率消耗。当前轴和后轴的转速不同时，才产生制动的止动力矩，因为相对转动仅在制动组件和反向制动组件之间产生。由于这个原因，角传动装置与前轴和后轴的传动比也能相同。
附图给出本发明的实施例并且说明如下：
图1汽车的全轮驱动;
图2全轮止动系统的纵视图。
装置在靠近汽车前轴1的驱动马达2用一个装在该马达2上的变速齿轮箱3通过锥齿轮4和盘形齿轮5驱动前轴1。由锥齿轮4经传动轴6带动行星齿轮装置8的主动太阳齿轮7。在靠近主动太阳齿轮7处装置一个与其同轴的从动太阳齿轮9，由该齿轮9经传动轴10带动锥齿轮11，再由该齿轮11驱动后轴13的盘形齿轮12。
装在行星齿轮架15上的行星齿轮14与主动太阳齿轮7和从动太阳齿轮9共同啮合，该行星齿轮架15的另一侧与滚针轴承16装置在与传动轴6抗扭的主动太阳齿轮7上的空心轴颈17上。为了支承行星齿轮14，在行星齿轮架15中固定有击发杠杆轴18，在其另一端固定一个制动组件19，它构成一个液压联轴节叶片形的半杯。另一个叶片形半杯则为反向制动组件20，并且与传动轴10上的套筒21锯齿连结。两个半球共同构成一个充满液体的环形液室22。反向制动组件20集中并密封在圆柱腔23内，该圆柱腔23也封闭着制动组件19和行星齿轮装置8，并且密封装在传动轴6上。
主动太阳齿轮具有齿数Z＝32，从动太阳齿轮9的齿数Z＝30，使直接差动比为16∶15，与行星齿轮架15的齿轮传动比为16∶1。如果前轴1与传动轴10之间产生转速差因此使传动轴6与传动轴10之间也产生相同量的转速差时，那么行星齿轮架15就以16倍这种转速差转动。由于制动组件19与反向制动组件20的相对转动，就形成一个相应于转速差的制动矩，使前轴1与后轴13同步转动。
由于累进增高的液压制动力矩，在滑动系数很小时止动力矩也保持很小。因此可以很好地操纵汽车，并且完全具有ABS制的功能作用。滑动系数很大时，例如当前轴1的车轮在冰上滑，后轴13的轮子停在不滑的沥青路上出现的情况，则止动力矩就骤然增大，在这种极端情况汽车也能毫无问题地行驶。

Claims (7)

1、汽车前轴-后轴传动拉杆中的全轮止动系统，装有一个借助直接差动的行星齿轮装置和一个与其行星齿轮架啮合的制动装置，直接差动齿轮传动比的偏差仅为1∶1，但与制动装置的齿轮传动比却很大，根据德意志联邦共和国专利说明书DE-PS3507490，其特征在于，制动装置由一个与行星齿轮架(15)抗扭连接的制动组件(19)和一个与其相作用的反向制动组件(20)构成，该反向制动组件(20)与对着后轴(13)或前轴(1)的传动轴(10)抗扭连接。
2、根据权利要求1的止动系统，其特征在于，行星齿轮装置（8）由一个与传动轴（6）抗扭连接的主动太阳齿轮（7）、一个与其邻近同轴配置并与传动轴（10）连接的齿数略多的从动太阳齿轮（9）和与两个太阳齿轮（7，9）共同啮合并装置在行星齿轮架（15）上的行星齿轮（14）组成。
3、根据权利要求1的止动系统，其特征在于，制动组件（19）和反向制动组件（20）共同构成液压联轴节。
4、根据权利要求3的止动系统，其特征在于，制动组件（19）和反向制动组件（20）构成叶片形半杯，围着充满油液的环形液室（22）。
5、根据权利要求4的止动系统，其特征在于，反向制动组件（20）集中并密封固定在与其共同转动的圆柱腔（23）内，该圆柱腔（23）围着整个止动系统并装置在传动轴（6）或传动轴（10）上。
6、根据权利要求1的止动系统，其特征在于，制动组件（19）和反向制动组件（20）共同构成离心式制动器或带式制动器。
7、根据权利要求1的止动系统，其特征在于，制动组件（19）和反向制动组件（20）共同构成电动涡流止动器。
CN87103283.XA 1986-05-14 1987-04-30 汽车传动轴中的全轮驱动锁止系统 Expired CN1006148B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3616236A DE3616236C1 (de) 1986-05-14 1986-05-14 Allrad-Sperrsystem im Antriebsstrang eines Kraftfahrzeuges
DEP3616236.1 1986-05-14

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN87103283A true CN87103283A (zh) 1987-11-25
CN1006148B CN1006148B (zh) 1989-12-20

Family

ID=6300818

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN87103283.XA Expired CN1006148B (zh) 1986-05-14 1987-04-30 汽车传动轴中的全轮驱动锁止系统

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US4779487A (zh)
EP (1) EP0252183B1 (zh)
JP (1) JPS62273130A (zh)
KR (1) KR870010979A (zh)
CN (1) CN1006148B (zh)
AT (1) ATE43302T1 (zh)
BR (1) BR8701693A (zh)
DE (2) DE3616236C1 (zh)
ES (1) ES2009762B3 (zh)
FI (1) FI79982C (zh)
SU (1) SU1570647A4 (zh)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103987999A (zh) * 2011-12-14 2014-08-13 盖茨公司 限制滑动星齿轮变速器

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3629493A1 (de) * 1986-08-29 1988-03-03 Porsche Ag Allrad sperrsystem im antriebsstrang eines kraftfahrzeugs
JPH01193457A (ja) * 1988-01-26 1989-08-03 Aisin Aw Co Ltd 低回転差用トルク制御装置
DE3841508A1 (de) * 1988-12-09 1990-06-13 Walter Stuke Drehmoment-uebertragungsgetriebe
EP0380101A3 (en) * 1989-01-27 1991-05-29 Toyoda Koki Kabushiki Kaisha Driving power transmission system for vehicle
JP2832277B2 (ja) * 1989-02-28 1998-12-09 富士重工業株式会社 ４輪駆動車のトルク配分制御装置
US5171294A (en) * 1989-02-28 1992-12-15 Fuji Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Torque distribution control system for a four-wheel drive motor vehicle
JP2652709B2 (ja) * 1989-07-29 1997-09-10 富士重工業株式会社 センターディファレンシャル装置付４輪駆動車
US4995862A (en) * 1989-08-21 1991-02-26 Arocha Henry F Interaxle transfer mechanism for four wheel drive vehicles
KR100240547B1 (ko) * 1996-11-20 2000-03-02 최태수 무단 변속 장치
US6045476A (en) * 1999-06-01 2000-04-04 General Motors Corporation Transfer gearing apparatus for an all wheel drive
DE102010036243A1 (de) * 2010-09-03 2012-03-08 Schaeffler Technologies Gmbh & Co. Kg Planetengetriebe zur Übertragung eines Antriebsdrehmomentes in einem Fahrzeug sowie Antriebseinheit mit dem Planetengetriebe
US8696519B2 (en) * 2011-08-24 2014-04-15 Tai-Her Yang Differential wheel group with normally closed brakes at two output sides thereof
RU2500934C1 (ru) * 2012-07-13 2013-12-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Московский государственный машиностроительный университет (МАМИ)" Соединительное устройство для трансмиссии транспортного средства, преимущественно, с комбинированной энергетической установкой
CN104832626A (zh) * 2015-05-05 2015-08-12 姜超 一种驱动齿轮锁座

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2495515A (en) * 1946-02-01 1950-01-24 Packard Motor Car Co Transmission control means
US2996932A (en) * 1956-02-20 1961-08-22 Voith Gmbh J M Vehicle drive
US3374692A (en) * 1964-10-12 1968-03-26 Benjamin M. Kitch Automatic transmission
US3709314A (en) * 1970-10-16 1973-01-09 Fmc Corp All terrain vehicle
GB1411283A (en) * 1972-06-21 1975-10-22 Gkn Transmissions Ltd Four-wheel-drive vehicles
JPS5816924A (ja) * 1981-07-22 1983-01-31 Nissan Motor Co Ltd 四輪駆動車
DE3134259C2 (de) * 1981-08-29 1985-08-01 J.M. Voith Gmbh, 7920 Heidenheim Lastschaltgetriebe mit integriertem Retarder
US4520691A (en) * 1981-11-12 1985-06-04 Fmc Corporation Hydrostatic reaction transmission
DE3212495C2 (de) * 1982-04-03 1985-08-29 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Sperrbares Differentialgetriebe für Kraftfahrzeuge
DE3218830A1 (de) * 1982-05-19 1983-11-24 Volkswagenwerk Ag, 3180 Wolfsburg Getriebeanordnung
JPS5957032A (ja) * 1982-09-27 1984-04-02 Mazda Motor Corp 四輪駆動車
DE3507490C1 (de) * 1985-03-02 1986-03-13 Dr.Ing.H.C. F. Porsche Ag, 7000 Stuttgart Sperrsystem fuer ein Kraftfahrzeug mit Allradantrieb
JPS61232925A (ja) * 1985-04-09 1986-10-17 Nissan Motor Co Ltd ４輪駆動装置

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103987999A (zh) * 2011-12-14 2014-08-13 盖茨公司 限制滑动星齿轮变速器

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS62273130A (ja) 1987-11-27
EP0252183A1 (de) 1988-01-13
SU1570647A4 (ru) 1990-06-07
FI864602A0 (fi) 1986-11-12
FI864602A (fi) 1987-11-15
CN1006148B (zh) 1989-12-20
DE3663491D1 (en) 1989-06-29
BR8701693A (pt) 1988-01-26
DE3616236C1 (de) 1987-06-25
US4779487A (en) 1988-10-25
FI79982B (fi) 1989-12-29
FI79982C (fi) 1990-04-10
ATE43302T1 (de) 1989-06-15
EP0252183B1 (de) 1989-05-24
ES2009762B3 (es) 1989-10-16
KR870010979A (ko) 1987-12-19

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
FI79980B (fi) Spaerrsystem foer motorfordon med fyrhjulsdrift.
CN87103283A (zh) 汽车传动拉杆中的全轮止动系统
CN108266512B (zh) 一种集中式全时电动四驱系统
CN86107434A (zh) 汽车的全轮驱动装置
CN86108617A (zh) 汽车传动拉杆中的全轮止动系统
GB1434289A (en) Axle assembly for a motor vehicle
JPS59188731U (ja) 全車輪駆動式の自動車
CA2475541C (en) Axle-drive block with a differential lock
JPH0116688B2 (zh)
US5267914A (en) Power transmission device for a four wheel drive vehicle
KR970003544B1 (ko) 상시 4륜 구동장치
GB2182735A (en) Differential gear
JPH0343860Y2 (zh)
JPS6344091B2 (zh)
CN213619219U (zh) 一种新型驱动桥总成
KR920002335B1 (ko) 상시 4륜 구동장치
US4756209A (en) Drive power transmission device
SU1641661A1 (ru) Ведуща тележка транспортного средства
KR100210947B1 (ko) 4륜 구동용 동력 전달장치
JPS6390438A (ja) ４輪駆動車用トランスフア
RU2036114C1 (ru) Дифференциальная передача автомобиля с четырьмя ведущими колесами
JP2538436B2 (ja) 全輪駆動される自動車の駆動装置
JPS6371429A (ja) 常時四輪駆動装置
GB1292613A (en) Improvements in mechanical systems of power transmission
JPS62227821A (ja) 常時四輪駆動装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
C13 Decision
GR02 Examined patent application
C14 Grant of patent or utility model
GR01 Patent grant
C19 Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee
CF01 Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee