CN85102464B - 黑色陶瓷制品原料的生产方法及其制品 - Google Patents
黑色陶瓷制品原料的生产方法及其制品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN85102464B CN85102464B CN85102464A CN85102464A CN85102464B CN 85102464 B CN85102464 B CN 85102464B CN 85102464 A CN85102464 A CN 85102464A CN 85102464 A CN85102464 A CN 85102464A CN 85102464 B CN85102464 B CN 85102464B
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Abstract
本发明公开一种黑色陶瓷制品原料的生产方法及其制品。本发明的方法是以目前大量堆积的提钒尾渣、硫铁矿渣和铬渣工业废料,加入或不加入添加剂生产黑色的瓷制品原料,该原料成本很低,可用作黑色着色剂,可使大量生产黑色陶瓷成为现实,由于本发明采用常规的工艺和设备,因而大大降低了生产黑色陶瓷制品的成本。
Description
本发明涉及黑色陶瓷,尤其是以提钒尾渣或硫铁矿烧渣和铬渣工业废料生产黑色陶瓷制品原料的方法。本发明还涉及用该原料生产的黑色陶瓷制品。
目前,加到陶瓷材料中以制造黑色陶瓷制品的黑色色素是以铁、锰、铬、钴、镍等金属的氧化物制备。由于这些工业品价格昂贵,以致于很难甚至不可能大量生产黑色陶瓷制品。所以,通常光、热吸收和红外辐射元件一般用碳化硅、锆英砂陶瓷、金属等基体加涂吸收涂料或辐射涂料制成,原料较贵,制造工艺复杂、烧结温度高,涂层易剥落。由于黑色陶瓷制品具有抗腐蚀、抗氧化、不剥落抗老化,并能在高温下使用,同时有很大硬度和非陶瓷产品所不能比拟的其他良好性质。因此,用低成本大量生产各种形状的具有较高吸收和辐射率的黑色陶瓷制品一直是本领域内的专家们研究和探讨的课题。
本发明的目的之一是提供一种以目前大量堆积的提钒尾渣或硫铁矿烧渣和铬渣工业废料,加入或不加入添加剂生产黑色陶瓷制品原料的方法,本发明的目的之二是提供用含有Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe之和大于20或Ti、V、Cr、Mn之和大于3(本说明书均以氧化物重量%计)的提钒尾渣或硫铁矿烧渣和铬渣工业废料制造的原料所制造的黑色陶瓷制品。
提钒尾渣是这样产生的:钒钛磁铁矿经熔炼得到含钒铁水,含钒铁水经吹炼得到钒渣,钒渣加入辅料进行焙烧,将焙烧料进行浸取提钒,所剩余的残渣即为提钒尾渣,由于钒钛磁铁矿产地不同和生产工艺的差别,所产生的提钒尾渣化学成分也有一些差别,一般提钒尾渣的化学成分为(%)
Fe2O3 TiO2 MnO2 V2O5 Cr2O3 SiO2 Al2O3
50-70 4-10 2-8 0.5-2 0.002-5 8-26 1-5
CaO MgO K2O Na2O
0.5-3 0.5-3 0.01-2 2-6
本发明的方法十分重要的特殊性在于,原料来源广泛,易于得到,况且价格非常便宜。原料的加工采用常规的工艺与设备,因而生产黑色陶瓷制品的成本也极低。根据本发明,选用含有Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe之和大于20或Ti、V、Cr、Mn之和大于3的提钒尾渣或硫铁矿烧渣和铬渣工业废料,加入添加剂,也可以不加添加剂作为生产本发明所述陶瓷制品的原料。本发明所说的添加剂是指各种普通粘土、瓷土、瓷石、陶土、耐火粘土、页岩、煤矸石、赤泥、硼泥、钛渣、柠檬渣、糠醛渣以及甲基纤维素、淀粉、阿拉伯树胶、水玻璃或某种废渣、天然矿物、粘结剂。除了原料的特征之外,用于生产本发明的黑色陶瓷制品原料的工艺和设备可以是任何常规的。例如可以是:
1、将上述原料直接粉碎至小于20目,一般为100至400目。
2、将上述原料在普通窑炉或回转窑内经大于800℃,一般为1000至1400℃煅烧1分钟以上,一般为1至60分钟,出炉后粉碎至小于20目,一般为100至400目。
3、将上述原料粉碎至小于20目;一般为100至400目,加入(也可以不加入)添加剂以粉状,块状或浆状在普通窑炉或回转窑内经大于800℃,一般为1000至1400℃煅烧1分钟以上,一般为1至60分钟,出炉后粉碎至小于20目,一般为100至400目。
按照上述方法生产的原料,加入或不加入添加剂,用常规的方法成型后,经大于900℃,一般为950至1450℃煅烧10分钟以上,一般为0.5至20小时,即成为黑色陶瓷制品。
按照上述方法生产的黑色陶瓷制品原料,其黑度接近碳黑,可用作黑色着色剂,如用于黑色釉料,黑色搪瓷,黑色节能涂层,黑色塑料、橡胶的填充剂等,成本低廉。
所述的黑色陶瓷制品可用于红外辐射元件、太阳能集热器、热交换器、水(汽)暖散热器、窑炉内衬、建筑物饰面及一般陶瓷制品。
上面所说的红外辐射元件包括各种红外加热炉、红外烤箱(炉)红外干燥箱(炉)所用的电与非电、有涂层与无涂层、埋入与非埋入式,板状、管状、灯状及一般形状的红外辐射加热器以及红外熨斗、红外饭锅、红外取暖器、医疗用红外设备及一般红外设备中的红外线发生器。
本发明与已有技术相比具有的优点:
目前很多厂矿企业堆积的提钒尾渣、硫铁矿烧渣及铬渣工业废料导致了环境问题,它们不但不能作为商品出售,而且要花很多钱去治理,由于采用廉价原料,使用常规的工艺与设备,所以本发明所述黑色陶瓷制品成本很低,制品红外辐射率和光热吸收率较高,并且有抗腐蚀、抗老化、使用寿命长等优点,同时,也解决了占地和环境污染问题,化害为利。
实施例:
例1:将提钒尾渣粉碎至160目即为黑色陶瓷制品的原料。
例2:将提钒尾渣粉碎至160目,加水做成厚度为15毫米左右块状,干燥后放入电炉内经1300℃煅烧5分钟,取出后粉碎至160目即成为黑色陶瓷制品原料。
例3:将硫铁矿烧渣干法粉碎至160目,取2份,将铬渣湿法粉碎至140目,取1份(折合为干渣重量)用搅拌机混合均匀,用挤制机挤制成直径为10mm的泥条,干燥后折断成长度为15至20mm园柱状颗粒,将其连续放入回转窑中,经1220℃煅烧5至10分钟,将得到的陶瓷团粒粉碎至160目即为黑色陶瓷制品的原料。
例4:将例1所得到的黑色陶瓷制品的原料加入0.5%甲基纤维素,压制成型经1120℃煅烧1小时,得到的黑色陶瓷制品其500至600℃的全辐射率为0.84至0.86。
例5:将例2所得到的黑色陶瓷制品的原料压制成型,经1100℃煅烧1小时,得到的黑色陶瓷制品其500至600℃的全辐射率为0.8394至0.8620。
例6:取例3所得到的黑色陶瓷制品的原料7份,取80目普通粘土粉末3份,混合成型后经1150℃煅烧6小时,所得到的黑色陶瓷制品500至600℃的全辐射率为0.857至0.867。
Claims (5)
1、用常规的技术手段生产黑色陶瓷制品原料的方法,其特征在于使用含有(氧化物重量%)Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe之和大于20或Ti、V、Cr、Mn之和大于3的提钒尾渣或硫铁矿烧渣和铬渣工业废料,加入或不加入添加剂为原料,
a、将所述原料直接粉碎至100~400目,或将所述原料粉碎至小于20目,一般为100~400目后,加入(也可不加入)添加剂以粉状、块状或浆状在普通窑炉或回转窑内经800~1400℃煅烧1~60分钟,出炉后粉碎至100~400目,
b、或者将所述原料在普通窑炉或回转窑内经800~1400℃煅烧1~60分钟,出炉后粉碎至100~400目。
2、按照权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于所说的添加剂是指各种普通粘土、瓷土、瓷石、陶土、耐火粘土、页岩、煤矸石、赤泥、硼泥、钛渣、柠檬渣、糠醛渣以及甲基纤维素、淀粉、阿拉伯树胶、水玻璃或某种废渣、天然矿物、粘结剂。
3、用权利要求1生产的黑色陶瓷制品原料制造黑色陶瓷制品。
Priority Applications (11)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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CN85102464A CN85102464B (zh) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | 黑色陶瓷制品原料的生产方法及其制品 |
EP19860302208 EP0201179B1 (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1986-03-25 | Black ceramic powder and articles made therefrom |
AT86302208T ATE61031T1 (de) | 1985-04-01 | 1986-03-25 | Schwarzes keramisches pulver und daraus hergestellte gegenstaende. |
DE8686302208T DE3677632D1 (de) | 1985-04-01 | 1986-03-25 | Schwarzes keramisches pulver und daraus hergestellte gegenstaende. |
FI861279A FI81336C (fi) | 1985-04-01 | 1986-03-25 | Foerfarande foer framstaellning av ett keramiskt pulver, keramiskt pulver och daerav framstaellt produkt. |
AU55382/86A AU578815B2 (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1986-03-26 | A ceramic powder and articles |
US06/846,247 US4737477A (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1986-03-31 | Ceramic powder and articles |
JP61071418A JPS61270254A (ja) | 1985-04-01 | 1986-03-31 | セラミツク粉末及び製品並びに製法 |
CN86104984A CN1016606B (zh) | 1985-04-01 | 1986-08-02 | 一种陶瓷粉末 |
SG100991A SG100991G (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1991-11-29 | Black ceramic powder and articles made therefrom |
HK107791A HK107791A (en) | 1985-04-01 | 1991-12-23 | Black ceramic powder and articles made therefrom |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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CN85102464A CN85102464B (zh) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | 黑色陶瓷制品原料的生产方法及其制品 |
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CN86104984A Division CN1016606B (zh) | 1985-04-01 | 1986-08-02 | 一种陶瓷粉末 |
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CN85102464A CN85102464A (zh) | 1987-03-11 |
CN85102464B true CN85102464B (zh) | 1988-03-16 |
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CN85102464A Expired CN85102464B (zh) | 1985-04-01 | 1985-04-01 | 黑色陶瓷制品原料的生产方法及其制品 |
CN86104984A Expired CN1016606B (zh) | 1985-04-01 | 1986-08-02 | 一种陶瓷粉末 |
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CN86104984A Expired CN1016606B (zh) | 1985-04-01 | 1986-08-02 | 一种陶瓷粉末 |
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US (1) | US4737477A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0201179B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JPS61270254A (zh) |
CN (2) | CN85102464B (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE61031T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU578815B2 (zh) |
DE (1) | DE3677632D1 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI81336C (zh) |
HK (1) | HK107791A (zh) |
SG (1) | SG100991G (zh) |
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- 1986-03-25 DE DE8686302208T patent/DE3677632D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-03-25 EP EP19860302208 patent/EP0201179B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1986-03-25 FI FI861279A patent/FI81336C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-03-25 AT AT86302208T patent/ATE61031T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1986-03-26 AU AU55382/86A patent/AU578815B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1986-03-31 US US06/846,247 patent/US4737477A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1986-03-31 JP JP61071418A patent/JPS61270254A/ja active Granted
- 1986-08-02 CN CN86104984A patent/CN1016606B/zh not_active Expired
-
1991
- 1991-11-29 SG SG100991A patent/SG100991G/en unknown
- 1991-12-23 HK HK107791A patent/HK107791A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS61270254A (ja) | 1986-11-29 |
FI81336B (fi) | 1990-06-29 |
JPH0421624B2 (zh) | 1992-04-13 |
US4737477A (en) | 1988-04-12 |
DE3677632D1 (de) | 1991-04-04 |
HK107791A (en) | 1992-01-03 |
ATE61031T1 (de) | 1991-03-15 |
AU5538286A (en) | 1986-10-09 |
FI861279A0 (fi) | 1986-03-25 |
AU578815B2 (en) | 1988-11-03 |
CN1016606B (zh) | 1992-05-13 |
EP0201179A2 (en) | 1986-11-12 |
FI861279A (fi) | 1986-10-02 |
SG100991G (en) | 1992-01-17 |
EP0201179B1 (en) | 1991-02-27 |
CN85102464A (zh) | 1987-03-11 |
EP0201179A3 (en) | 1987-10-07 |
CN86104984A (zh) | 1987-03-25 |
FI81336C (fi) | 1990-10-10 |
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