CN205475264U - An ecological restoration structure with reinforcement and anchorage for high and steep spoil slopes in mountainous wind farms - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a reinforcement anchoring ecological restoration structure for a high and steep waste slag side slope of a wind power plant in a mountainous area, which comprises a slope reinforcement soil fixation structure, a side slope drainage structure, a bottom retaining structure and a slope vegetation restoration structure, wherein the slope reinforcement soil fixation structure, the side slope drainage structure, the bottom retaining structure and the slope vegetation restoration structure are arranged on a waste slag slope; the slope surface reinforcement soil-fixing structure comprises a reinforcement net and a plurality of baffles, and the reinforcement net and the baffles are fixed on the waste slag slope surface through main anchor rods and U-shaped nails; the side slope drainage knot comprises a catch basin and a drainage ditch, the catch basin is arranged at the top of the waste slag side slope, and the drainage ditch is connected with the catch basin; the bottom blocking structure comprises a retaining wall, and the retaining wall is arranged at the bottom of the abandoned slag side slope. The utility model discloses make the high steep sediment side slope of abandoning of mountain area wind-powered electricity generation field possess general arbor (irritate) careless growth condition, ensure to reach certain ecological recovery effect in short-term, can satisfy the high steep long-term stability and the soil erosion and water loss prevention and control requirement of abandoning the sediment side slope of mountain area wind-powered electricity generation field simultaneously again to break through the high steep technological level restriction of abandoning sediment side slope tradition soil and water conservation of mountain area wind-powered electricity generation field.

Description

An ecological restoration structure with reinforcement and anchorage for high and steep spoil slopes in mountainous wind farms

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration and treatment of high and steep slopes, in particular to a reinforcement and anchoring ecological restoration structure for high and steep spoil slopes of wind farms in mountainous areas.

Background technique

At present, for mountainous, hilly and plateau grassland areas, especially most wind power projects developed in mountainous areas in Southwest China, due to the steep original terrain of the wind farm area, tight construction period and lack of effective control during the construction process, most of the wind farm wind farm area, The dregs excavated from the original high and steep slopes in the road area are only discarded on the spot or dumped along the road. There are many high and steep dregs and slopes, which destroy the local surface vegetation and cause serious soil erosion and Ecological damage.

For the high and steep spoil slope formed during the excavation process of the original high and steep slope of the wind farm in mountainous area, broken gravel is generally distributed on the slope surface, the scum is thinner, and the slope is longer, especially for the scum which is stony and weathered rock Due to the harsh climate conditions in mountainous areas, the slope stability is poor, and there is a lack of basic site conditions such as soil, water, and organic matter necessary for plant growth. larger.

Traditional soil and water conservation treatment methods for slopes include thick-layer base material greening method, shotcrete support, bolt support, mortar masonry protection surface, etc. Among them: shotcrete and bolt support can make the wind farm in mountainous areas steep The spoil slope meets certain stability requirements, but the slope greening is difficult, expensive, and lacks aesthetics; the masonry surface protection technology is not suitable for high and steep spoil slopes of wind farms in mountainous areas, and the construction The material is generally difficult to reach, and the construction is difficult; the thick-layer substrate greening method is suitable for weathered rocks, soft rocks with less soil, and slopes with high soil hardness, which can quickly restore natural vegetation on the slope surface and play a role in slope consolidation and greening. However, its defects are also obvious. When the slope of the high and steep spoil slope of the wind farm in the mountainous area is steep, it is not conducive to the fixation of soil and green substrates, and it is easy to produce gully erosion and denudation under water erosion and gravity erosion. Therefore, the traditional slope water and soil conservation treatment methods generally have restrictive factors such as poor applicability, difficult construction, and high treatment costs in the high and steep spoil slope areas of mountainous wind farms.

For example, the Chinese patent whose publication number is CN201339194Y discloses a kind of shrub slope protection and planting device arranged on the slope in karst area. There is a T-shaped planting board, which is fixed through the connection between the T-shaped planting board and the metal mesh to ensure that the planting substrate does not slip and provide vegetation growth conditions. Although this technical solution can achieve corresponding soil stabilization and ecological restoration effects to a certain extent, it has the following deficiencies in terms of slope stability, economy, operability and final soil stabilization and greening effects:

(1) There are certain hidden dangers in the stability of the slope due to the lack of consideration of slope interception, drainage and blocking measures;

(2) Since the T-shaped planting board needs to be processed and manufactured, the cost input is increased;

(3) The mesh size of the metal mesh in this technical solution is (5cm～8cm)×(5cm～8cm), while the bar height of the T-shaped planting board is 5cm～7.0cm, and the thickness of the stabilizing block is 0.5cm～1.5cm , if the T-shaped planting board is installed after the hanging net is completed, there is a problem of inconvenient operation. At the same time, the maximum height of the retaining bar is 7cm. When the slope is steep, the thickness of the covered soil layer is slightly thin. When the original slag material contains less soil , not conducive to the growth of shrubs and grasses;

(4) When the layout spacing of T-shaped planting boards is large, the effect of soil consolidation on the slope surface is poor, and gully erosion is easy to form after covering with soil.

In summary, combined with the current national requirements for environmental protection, soil and water conservation, and ecological civilization construction for wind farm construction projects in mountainous areas, how to provide a technically feasible, economically reasonable, and highly operable solution that can meet the requirements of high and steep spoils for wind farms in mountainous areas? It is a technical problem to be solved urgently to meet the requirements of slope stability and soil fixation, and to make the slope achieve a certain ecological restoration effect in a short period of time.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of high and steep spoil for mountainous wind farms in view of the common problems of poor applicability, high construction difficulty and high treatment cost in the high and steep spoil slope area of mountainous wind farms in traditional slope water and soil conservation treatment methods. Reinforcing and anchoring the ecological restoration structure of the slope; making the high and steep spoil slope of the wind farm in the mountainous area have the general conditions for the growth of arbor and grass, ensuring a certain ecological restoration effect in the short term, and at the same time meeting the requirements of the high and steep spoil slope of the wind farm in the mountainous area The long-term stability and soil erosion prevention and control requirements, thus breaking through the technical level limit of traditional water and soil conservation treatment of high and steep spoil slopes of wind farms in mountainous areas.

The utility model is realized through the following technical solutions.

An ecological restoration structure with reinforcement and anchorage for high and steep spoil slopes in mountainous wind farms, including a slope reinforcement and soil consolidation structure arranged on the spoil slope, a slope drainage structure, a bottom retaining structure and a slope vegetation restoration structure;

The slope reinforcement and soil consolidation structure includes a reinforcement net and a number of baffles, and the reinforcement net and the baffles are fixed on the spoil slope by the main anchor rod and U-shaped nails;

The slope drainage junction includes an intercepting ditch and a drainage ditch. The intercepting ditch is set on the top of the spoil slope and other areas where there is a large water catchment, and mainly intercepts the catchment around the spoil slope; the drainage ditch and Intercepting ditches are connected to guide the intercepted water flow to natural ditches or other drainage facilities;

The bottom retaining structure includes a retaining wall, which is arranged at the bottom of the spoil slope, and the retaining wall is built with mortar and stone.

The main bolt adopts threaded steel bars to go deep into the stable soil layer or rock layer through drilling, and is fixed by grouting.

The outside of the reinforced mesh is covered with a layer of planting soil.

The surface of the planting soil is covered with a layer of non-woven fabric after hydraulic spraying.

The main anchor is arranged vertically or upwardly at an angle to the slope of the spoil, and the exposed end should be arranged upward in the form of a hook, and the length of the exposed section of the main anchor is not less than 10cm.

The main anchor rods are arranged in a quincunx shape or a rectangle, and the arrangement spacing is (300cm-500cm)×(300cm-500cm).

The U-shaped nails are galvanized square-headed U-shaped nails, the length of each leg is 20cm-30cm, and the inner diameter is not less than the thickness of the baffle.

The reinforced mesh adopts steel-plastic geogrid or galvanized wire mesh, and the mesh size is not less than 100mm×100mm.

The baffle is made of light wood material, and is laid horizontally on the inner and outer sides of the reinforced mesh through U-shaped nails.

The baffles are laid in a row with an interval of 2m to 3m, and the laying distance of adjacent baffles in a single row is controlled within 0cm to 5cm.

Both the intercepting ditch and the drainage ditch are made of masonry or concrete.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

Compared with the existing technology, the utility model aims at the characteristics of the high and steep spoil slopes of mountainous wind farms, and constructs a reinforced and anchored ecological restoration system for high and steep spoil slopes of wind farms in mountainous areas, which improves the performance of wind power plants in mountainous areas to a certain extent. The passive situation of high and steep spoil slope treatment is difficult, so that the spoil slope can achieve a certain effect of water and soil erosion control and ecological restoration in a short period of time, and to a certain extent prevent the high and steep spoil slopes of wind farms in mountainous areas from being exposed, loose and floating Water flow and gravity erosion caused water and soil loss on the slag slope surface. At the same time, in the long run, it ensured the stability of the high and steep waste slag slope of the wind farm in the mountainous area, and made up for the short construction period and inadequate management and control during the construction of the wind farm in the mountainous area. The ecological destruction of wind farms in mountainous areas has promoted the achievement of the goals of water and soil conservation and environmental protection in mountainous wind farms.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional schematic diagram of spoil slope ecological restoration system described in the utility model;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at A in FIG. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic plan view of the spoil slope ecological restoration system described in the present invention.

In the figure: 1-original slope, 2-slope scum, 3-main anchor rod, 4-U-shaped nail, 5-reinforced mesh, 6-baffle, 7-planting soil, 8-non-woven fabric, 9-arbor, 10-herb, 11-retaining wall, 12-cutting ditch.

detailed description

The technical solution of the utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the scope of protection is not limited to the description.

As shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3, a kind of ecological restoration structure with reinforcement and anchoring of high and steep spoil slopes of wind farms in mountainous areas described in the utility model includes a slope reinforcement and soil-consolidating structure arranged on the spoil slope, Slope drainage structure, bottom retaining structure and slope vegetation restoration structure;

The slope reinforcement and soil consolidation structure includes a reinforced net 5 and some baffles 6, and the reinforced net 5 and the baffles 6 are fixed on the spoil slope by the main anchor rod 3 and the U-shaped nail 4; as shown in Figure 1 As shown, during construction, firstly, the debris such as rocks and other sundries on the original slope 1 of the high and steep spoil slope of the mountainous wind farm are cleaned and leveled, and then the reinforced mesh 5 is fixed by the main anchor rod 3 and the U-shaped nail 4 and the baffle plate 6 are fixed on the spoil slope surface, and under the joint action of the main anchor rod 3, the U-shaped nail 4, the reinforced mesh 5 and the baffle plate 6, adhesion is provided for the subsequent planting soil 7 covering of the spoil slope surface , increase the integrity and stability of the slope structure of the entire high and steep spoil slope, and reduce the instability of the planting soil 7 caused by the steep slope of the spoil slope or loose scum 2 in the original slope 1 To reduce the possibility of decline, keep more planting soil 7 on the high and steep spoil slope, and create more favorable vegetation restoration and growth conditions on the high and steep spoil slope of the wind farm in the mountainous area.

The slope surface cleaning and leveling adopts a top-down method to clean up broken loose rocks, dangerous stones, garbage and other sundries on the high and steep spoil slopes of wind farms in mountainous areas, and carry out certain cleaning on the high and steep spoil slopes. It is flat and convenient for the subsequent laying of reinforced soil-consolidating structures on high and steep spoil slopes.

The main anchor rod 3 is the main load-bearing and stabilizing member of the reinforced soil-consolidating structure of the entire high and steep spoil slope. Generally, threaded steel bars are used to penetrate into the stable soil layer or rock layer through drilling holes and fixed by grouting. The rod 3 can be arranged vertically or upwards at a certain angle to the slope of the spoil, and the exposed end should be arranged upwards in the form of a hook, and the length of the exposed section of the main anchor rod 3 should not be less than 10cm. The main anchor rods 3 are arranged in a plum blossom shape or a rectangle, and the arrangement spacing is generally (300cm-500cm)×(300cm-500cm). It is advisable that main anchor rod 3 goes deep into soil layer or rock formation length and the specification of used threaded steel bar to guarantee to meet the overall stability requirement of high and steep spoil side slope slope face reinforced soil structure.

The outside of the reinforced mesh 5 is covered with a layer of planting soil 7, and trees 9 and herbaceous plants 10 are planted on the surface of the planting soil.

The surface of the planting soil 7 is covered with a layer of non-woven fabric 8 after hydraulic spraying.

The U-shaped nails 4 generally adopt square-head galvanized U-shaped nails, the length of each leg is 20 cm to 30 cm, and the inner diameter must not be smaller than the thickness of the baffle plate 6, preferably slightly larger than the thickness of the baffle plate 6. Use U-shaped nails 4 to fix the inner and outer baffles 6 of the reinforced mesh 5 and the reinforced mesh 5 on the slope of the high and steep spoil slope, which acts as a secondary anchor for the reinforced mesh and provides certain adhesion for the baffles , a single row of baffles 6 is provided with a U-shaped nail 4 at an interval of 0.5m to 2.0m. The specific spacing should be adjusted according to the actual situation of the high and steep spoil slope of the wind farm in the mountainous area, so as to meet the requirements for the horizontal laying of the baffles. U The type nail 4 should be tied and fixed with the reinforced net 5, and the length of the penetration into the soil layer should meet certain stability requirements.

The reinforcement net 5 refers to a structure that provides reinforcement and a certain load-bearing effect on the covering soil of the high and steep spoil slope of the mountainous wind farm, so as to ensure the integrity and stability of the entire spoil slope. Generally, steel-plastic geogrid or galvanized wire mesh and other mesh materials with high strength and good corrosion resistance should be used, and they should be bound and fixed with the main anchor rod 3 and U-shaped nail 4. The overlapping length should not be less than 10cm. The distance between the scum surfaces should be controlled at about 5cm to ensure that the reinforced net 5 is in the middle of the covered soil layer after covering the soil, so as to facilitate the laying of the baffle plate 6 on the inside of the net surface. The mesh size should not be less than 100mm×100mm, which should be determined based on economical efficiency and strength requirements.

The baffle plate 6 mainly provides an attachment platform for the covered planting soil 7. It is suitable to use fir and other quality wood materials to process easily, and lay them horizontally on the inner and outer sides of the reinforced mesh 5 through U-shaped nails 4, generally laying a row at intervals of 2m to 3m. The laying distance of a single row of adjacent baffles 6 should be controlled within 0cm to 5cm. The thickness of a single baffle should be about 2cm, the width should be about 5cm, and the length can be adjusted according to the flatness of the high and steep spoil slope of the wind farm in mountainous areas, but it should not be too long, generally between 2m and 3m .

The slope drainage structure and the bottom retaining structure refer to the topographic conditions of the high and steep spoil slope of the wind farm in the mountainous area, by setting intercepting ditches 12 and drainage ditches to intercept and guide the surrounding catchment water, and at the same time combining the high and steep The blocking function of the retaining wall at the bottom of the spoil slope prevents gully erosion and denudation of the spoil slope under water erosion and gravity erosion, and provides an initial stable condition for the high and steep spoil slope to a certain extent, ensuring It is conducive to the growth and recovery of vegetation in the later period.

The slope drainage junction includes an intercepting ditch 12 and a drainage ditch. The intercepting ditch 12 is arranged on the top of the spoil slope and other areas where there is a large water catchment, and mainly intercepts the catchment around the spoil slope , Generally, masonry or concrete cut-off ditches should be used, and the cross-sectional form, structural size, strength, direction and slope of the cut-off ditch 12 must meet the overall design of interception and drainage of high and steep spoil slopes of wind farms in mountainous areas and the requirements for water flow.

The drainage ditch is connected with the intercepting ditch 12, and the intercepted water flow is guided to a natural ditch or other drainage facilities. Generally, a masonry or concrete drainage ditch should be used, and its cross-sectional form, structural size, strength, and drainage direction and slope It is necessary to meet the overall design and water flow requirements for the high and steep spoil slope interception and drainage of wind farms in mountainous areas.

The bottom retaining structure includes a retaining wall 11. The retaining wall is arranged at the bottom of the high and steep spoil slope of the wind farm in the mountainous area to block the spoil slope, prevent landslides and collapses on the spoil slope, and ensure The stability of the slope, the retaining wall 11 is generally made of mortar masonry, but for complex terrain conditions and high stress requirements, other retaining structures of different materials and forms can be considered, and the cross-sectional form of the retaining wall , structural size and stability must meet the overall stability design requirements of high and steep spoil slopes in mountainous wind farms.

In the above technical scheme, after the construction is completed, the slope vegetation needs to be restored. The slope vegetation restoration measures refer to the use of hydraulic spraying technology after the planting soil 7 on the slope surface of the high and steep spoil slope of the wind farm in the mountainous area is completed. Spray the treated plant seeds evenly onto the soil surface of the planting soil on the spoil slope, so that the spoil slope can achieve a certain ecological restoration effect in a short period of time. The surface planting soil and scum layer are rooted in the original slope, forming shallow reinforcement and increasing the stability of high and steep spoil slopes.

Described planting soil 7 generally should adopt wind farm area top layer peeling soil or cultivated planting soil, to be beneficial to the growth of local plant. Before covering the soil, it is necessary to remove gravel, branches, roots and other sundries in the soil, and loosen the soil. The thickness of planting soil cover is generally not less than 10cm to meet the plant growth requirements of the spoil slope, and the spoil slope should be leveled after the cover is completed.

The hydraulic spraying technology refers to adding the treated seeds (grass species, tree species, etc.) with the nutrients required for seed germination and early growth, adding adhesives, water retaining agents, soil improvers and soil stabilizers, etc. , fully mixed with water, and evenly sprayed on the surface of the planting soil covered. The spraying process should be operated according to the relevant requirements, and the amount of seeds should be appropriately increased on the upper part of the high and steep spoil slope of the wind farm in the mountainous area.

The plant seeds should generally be scientifically selected according to the local climate and soil quality. The plant seeds should have the characteristics of well-developed root system, perennial, strong adaptability, and extensive maintenance. The seeds of shrubs and grasses are the main ones, and the quality of plant seeds should meet the relevant national quality standards. Standards, the amount of seeds used should be determined according to the germination rate, the environment of the spraying season and the greening effect to be achieved.

Post-conservation management measures refer to the need to take certain management and protection measures to prevent plant seeds from being washed by water after spraying on high and steep spoil slopes of wind farms in mountainous areas. Generally, laying non-woven fabrics is cheap, easy to lay and has certain Vegetation maintenance materials for water retention, heat preservation and reduction of rain erosion effects. At the same time, according to the growth status of plants on the slope of the waste residue, spray irrigation, fertilization, pruning, pest control, and gnawing prevention measures are taken according to the facts to ensure the good growth of plants.

The utility model is suitable for the original slope with steep topography, loose scum on the slope of spoil, thinner thickness, slope ratio of spoil of 1:0.5-1:1.2, slope length greater than 20m, and less soil content in the spoil The high and steep spoil slopes of wind farms in mountainous areas have high requirements for soil erosion control, ecological restoration and landscape protection, and there is an urgent need to implement water and soil conservation control measures and achieve a certain ecological restoration effect in a short period of time.

The above-mentioned technical scheme is based on the traditional slope water and soil conservation treatment methods in the existing high and steep spoil slope areas of wind farms in mountainous areas, such as poor applicability, high construction difficulty, and high treatment costs. Set up a reinforced soil-reinforcing structure on the slag slope, combined with slope drainage and bottom retaining structure, to construct an ecological soil-reinforcing slope that meets the restoration conditions of arbor (shrub) and grass vegetation, and configure the growth of plant roots through the slope in the later stage , so that the reinforced soil structure of the slope surface and the original high and steep slope form an integrated ecosystem of water and soil conservation and management of the high and steep spoil slope of the mountainous wind farm, ensuring the overall stability of the high and steep spoil slope, and Meet the target requirements of water and soil loss prevention and ecological restoration in the construction of wind farms in mountainous areas.

Take a certain mountainous area wind farm as an example below to further describe the implementation of the utility model in detail:

The site of a wind farm in a mountainous area is located in a national-level key control area for water and soil erosion and a provincial-level key control area for water and soil loss. The regional structural stability is good, and the overall landform is erosion, denudation, Zhongshan and plateau platform, and the elevation of the site area is mostly between 1800m and 2050m. The main type of water and soil loss is hydraulic erosion. The mountainous wind farm is a newly built wind farm, with a total of 20 wind turbines with a single-unit capacity of 2000KW and an installed capacity of 40MW. It is a medium-sized project of class III. The project mainly includes 20 wind turbines and box-type substation foundations, 20 wind turbine hoisting sites, step-up stations, road engineering and collector lines, among which 20 wind turbines are basically arranged on the top of the mountain in the wind farm area, and the roads are basically It is newly excavated along the mountain body, and the collector line is laid by a combination of overhead and direct burial.

In the early stage and construction process of the wind farm in this mountainous area, because the construction unit did not pay enough attention to environmental protection and water and soil conservation, it lacked effective environmental protection and water conservation work process supervision and control methods. The excess soil-rock mixed slag formed by the excavation of roads in the site was basically not transported to the slag yard for storage in accordance with the relevant requirements, and it was mostly discarded on the spot to the slope of the adjacent mountain for disposal, resulting in the formation of many steep and steep slopes. The high and steep spoil slopes with thin and loose scum not only affect the landscape of the wind farm area, but also cause serious ecological damage and soil erosion.

In the later stage of project construction, in order to meet the requirements of the special acceptance work for environmental protection and water conservation and restore the local ecological landscape environment, the construction unit comprehensively considered various factors such as the current situation of the slope surface, investment, treatment difficulty, and treatment effect. Soil (hydraulic) spraying and other water and soil conservation management methods were comprehensively compared and selected. Finally, a comprehensive management method was adopted combining slope reinforcement and soil consolidation with slope retaining and drainage measures to build a mountainous wind power plant. The high and steep spoil slope water and soil conservation management reinforced the anchorage plate ecosystem, so that the high and steep spoil slope has achieved a certain ecological restoration effect in a short period of time, and has withstood the test of multi-period torrential rain, meeting the requirements of high and steep spoil slope. Slope stability requirements.

As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the specific situation of the reinforced anchorage plate ecological system of the high and steep spoil slope of the wind farm in the mountainous area by the utility model is as follows:

(1) Slope reinforced soil structure

The main anchor rod 3 used in the slope reinforcement and soil consolidation structure adopts φ22HRB335 threaded steel bar, and the length of a single anchor rod is between 60cm and 80cm. Fixed in stable soil layer or rock layer, grouting adopts ordinary Portland cement with cement strength grade of 32.5, the top of main anchor rod 3 is provided with a crotch, and the length of the exposed section of main anchor rod 3 is 10cm, which is convenient for laying of reinforced net 5.

The reinforced mesh 5 is selected as the reinforced mesh 5 after comprehensive consideration of economy, durability, strength and other aspects. Reinforced mesh 5 is a composite high-strength tensile material, which is composed of high-strength steel mesh woven by warp and weft and wrapped with a layer of polyethylene (PE) or polypropylene (PP). The main force-bearing unit is steel wire, and the texture of the outer layer is rough. The friction coefficient of the soil is large, and the wrapping material has good durability, which can meet the requirements of permanent engineering construction. The mesh size of the steel-plastic soil grid is 10cm×10cm, and it is fixed on the main anchor rod with galvanized iron wire to make the mesh surface taut and smooth.

U-shaped nail 4 adopts square head galvanized U-shaped nail, the length of a single leg is 20cm, and the length of a single leg in a relatively thick area covered by part of the slag material layer is 30cm, and the inner diameter is 2cm; 5cm wide. A wooden plank is arranged at the inner and outer transverse ribs of the reinforced mesh 5, and the wooden planks are clamped and fixed by the U-shaped nails 4 inserted into the soil layer, and the U-shaped nails 4 are bound to the reinforced mesh 5 by galvanized iron wires to increase the overall structure. Integrity between components to ensure that the baffle will not overturn after the planting soil is covered with soil.

(2) Slope drainage and bottom blocking measures

Slope drainage and bottom retaining measures adopt local materials, all of which are built with M7.5 mortar masonry.

The intercepting ditch 12 is set at about 3m from the bevel, and the drainage ditch connects the intercepting ditch 12 and the road drainage ditch or natural ditch. The overall design water flow requirements for high and steep spoil slope interception and drainage of wind farms.

The blocking measure is a gravity retaining wall 6, the wall back is vertical, the slope ratio of the wall is 1:0.3, the design section wall top width is 0.8m, wall height is 2m, bottom width is 1.6m, foundation depth is 30cm, and the interval is 2m~3m. A weep hole, and a settling expansion joint at intervals of 15m. On-site specific implementation of the section size according to the terrain changes and the amount of spoil, etc., under the conditions of ensuring the stability of the retaining wall such as anti-sliding and anti-overturning.

(3) Slope vegetation restoration structure

After the slope reinforcement and soil reinforcement structure is laid, the slope is covered with soil by taking the nearest soil. After the soil covering is completed, the treated black locust seeds, ryegrass grass seeds and clover grass seeds (the amount of seeds used are 90kg/ hm ² , 125kg/hm ² , clover 5kg/hm ² ) with nutrients needed for growth in the early stage of seed germination, adding adhesives, water retaining agents, fiber covering materials, soil improvers and soil stabilizers, etc., fully mixed with water Mix and spray evenly onto the slope soil surface with a high-pressure spray gun. The sprayed mixture forms a film-like structure on the soil surface, which can effectively retain water and soil, prevent the soil-covered slope from being washed by rainwater, and realize ecological restoration of high and steep spoil slopes in a relatively short period of time.

(4) Later maintenance management measures

After the slope vegetation recovery structure is implemented, a layer of green non-woven fabric 8 with a width of 3.2m is covered, and the overlapping length is not less than 5cm, and the corners are compacted with stones. The weight per unit area of non-woven fabric 8 is 15g, the thickness is relatively thin, and it has good breathability, water retention and heat preservation effects. After the vegetation on the slope grows and germinates, maintenance and management measures such as spray irrigation, fertilization, pruning, pest control, gnawing prevention, and replanting should be taken according to the facts to ensure the good growth of the vegetation on the slope.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model comprehensively considers slope drainage, retaining, soil consolidation, vegetation restoration, maintenance, etc., and constructs a mountainous wind farm high and steep spoil slope reinforcement and anchoring ecological restoration structure, which has the following significant features: advantage:

(1) The reinforced soil structure on the slope surface constructed by the utility model has a certain optimization and adjustment of the baffle structure, which reduces the processing and manufacturing costs, and at the same time makes the reinforced mesh in the middle of the baffle, which balances the force of the reinforced mesh. Increased the stability and integrity of the entire structure;

(2) The size of mesh and baffle plate of the utility model is reasonable, and the construction operation is convenient;

(3) The maximum covering soil thickness of the utility model is not less than 10cm, which is beneficial to the growth of plants such as trees and shrubs;

(4) The utility model stipulates the layout spacing of the baffles, which ensures that the slope surface is covered with soil evenly and smoothly;

(5) The utility model is provided with drainage and blocking measures for the high and steep spoil slope reinforced anchorage ecological restoration system to ensure the stability of the slope;

(6) After the slope is covered with soil, hydraulic spraying is used to restore the vegetation on the slope, and at the same time combined with corresponding maintenance measures, the ideal ecological restoration effect can be achieved in a short period of time.

Claims (10)

1. A high and steep spoil slope reinforcement and anchorage ecological restoration structure of a wind farm in mountainous area, characterized in that: it includes a slope reinforcement and soil reinforcement structure arranged on the spoil slope, a slope drainage structure, a bottom retaining structure and Slope vegetation restoration structure; The slope reinforcement and soil consolidation structure includes a reinforced net (5) and a number of baffles (6), and the reinforced net (5) and the baffles (6) pass through the main anchor rod (3) and the U-shaped nails (4). ) fixed on the spoil slope; The slope drainage junction includes an intercepting ditch (12) and a drainage ditch, and the intercepting ditch (12) is arranged on the top of the spoil slope and the water catchment area, and mainly intercepts the water catchment around the spoil slope; the drain ditch Connected with the intercepting ditch (12), the intercepted water flow is guided to natural ditches or other drainage facilities; The bottom retaining structure includes a retaining wall (11), the retaining wall (11) is arranged at the bottom of the spoil slope, and the retaining wall (11) is built by masonry or concrete. 2. A kind of ecological restoration structure of high and steep spoil slope of mountainous wind farm according to claim 1, characterized in that: said main anchor rod (3) adopts threaded steel bar to go deep into the stable soil layer through drilling Or rock formation, and fixed by grouting. 3. The ecological restoration structure with reinforcement and anchorage for high and steep spoil slopes of wind farms in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outside of the reinforcement net (5) is covered with a layer of planting soil (7). 4. According to claim 3, a kind of ecological restoration structure of high and steep spoil slope of mountainous wind farm with reinforcement and anchoring, is characterized in that: the surface of the planting soil (7) is covered with a layer of non-woven fabric after being sprayed by hydraulic pressure (8). 5. A mountainous wind farm high and steep spoil slope reinforced anchoring ecological restoration structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: said main anchor rod (3) is arranged vertically or upwardly to the spoil slope , the exposed end should be arranged upwards in the form of a hook, and the length of the exposed section of the main anchor rod (3) should not be less than 10cm. 6. A kind of ecological repair structure of high and steep spoil slope of mountainous wind farm according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main anchor (3) adopts plum blossom or rectangular arrangement, and the length direction and The layout spacing in the width direction is 300cm-500cm. 7. A kind of ecological restoration structure of high and steep spoil slope of mountainous wind farm according to claim 1, characterized in that: said U-shaped nail (4) adopts a square head galvanized U-shaped nail, and a single The length of the legs is 20cm-30cm, and the inner diameter is not less than the thickness of the baffle (6); the reinforced mesh (5) adopts steel-plastic geogrid or galvanized wire mesh, and the mesh size is not less than 100mm×100mm. 8. A kind of ecological restoration structure with reinforcement and anchorage for high and steep spoil slopes of wind farms in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: the baffle (6) is made of light wood material, and is formed by a U-shaped Nails (4) are horizontally laid on the inside and outside of the reinforced mesh (5). 9. A kind of ecological restoration structure of high and steep spoil slope of mountainous wind farm according to claim 8, characterized in that: said baffles (6) are laid in a row at an interval of 2m to 3m, and a single The laying distance of adjacent baffle plates (6) is controlled within 0cm-5cm. 10. The ecological restoration structure with reinforcement and anchorage for high and steep spoil slopes of wind farms in mountainous areas according to claim 1, characterized in that: the intercepting ditch (12) and the drainage ditch are both masonry or concrete.