CN1926209A - 用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物以及由其制备的介电绝缘膜和包括该绝缘膜的电气或电子装置 - Google Patents
用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物以及由其制备的介电绝缘膜和包括该绝缘膜的电气或电子装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1926209A CN1926209A CNA2005800014997A CN200580001499A CN1926209A CN 1926209 A CN1926209 A CN 1926209A CN A2005800014997 A CNA2005800014997 A CN A2005800014997A CN 200580001499 A CN200580001499 A CN 200580001499A CN 1926209 A CN1926209 A CN 1926209A
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- insulating film
- dielectric insulating
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Abstract
本发明涉及用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物,该组合物包括a)有机硅氧烷聚合物;b)选自包括Rb离子、Cs离子和其混合物的组的第一金属离子;和c)有机溶剂,其中,基于该组合物的重量,第一金属离子含量为1~200ppm;本发明还涉及由上述涂料组合物制备的介电绝缘膜和包括该绝缘膜的电气或电子装置。由本发明的涂料组合物制备的介电绝缘膜具有改善的介电常数和优异的机械强度与电性能。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物以及由其制备的介电绝缘膜和包括该绝缘膜的电气或电子装置,更具体地涉及用于具有优异机械强度和电性能同时具有低介电常数的介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物,以及由该涂料组合物制备的介电绝缘膜,和包括该绝缘膜的电气或电子装置。
背景技术
随半导体装置更加集成化,从而金属线距减小,如传播延迟、串扰噪声和功率消耗的这些问题正引起关注。
为解决上述问题,最初可能会考虑减小RC延迟。为此,要降低金属线路材料的电阻和各金属线之间的电导。通常,认为具有良好导电性的铜用作金属线路材料和在金属线之间使用高绝缘材料对此目的有利。
最常用的绝缘材料是介电常数为4.0的SiO2类材料。近来,介电常数为3.0的材料已可市购得到。从长远的观点来看,正致力于将介电常数降低到低于2.2或2.0。
作为使介电常数降低到或低于2.5的常规方法,存在如下诸如此类的方法:将生孔材料引入低介电基质树脂中,使其固化,并除去该材料,从而得到多孔介电绝缘膜;在碱催化剂存在下使硅烷化合物水解,并使其聚合而得到多孔膜。虽然由上述方法得到的低介电绝缘膜的介电常数为2.5或低于2.5,但是因为存在孔,所以机械强度显著降低,并且电性能劣化。因此,对于半导体,要求提高物理性能。
除具有良好的介电和机械性能以外,用于在半导体装置中所使用的介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物含有的微粒或金属杂质应低于给定的标准。如果微粒或金属离子存在于介电绝缘膜组合物中,则生产率可能降低。
此外,如果例如Na、K、Ca、Fe、Cu、Ni、Mg和Zn的金属或其离子存在于介电绝缘膜组合物中,则所制得的介电绝缘膜的电性能可能差。特别是,因为如Na+和K+的金属离子快速扩散,并可对门装置(gate device)的性能产生重大的影响,所以应将如Na+和K+的金属离子控制到低于给定的标准。
发明内容
考虑到上述问题而进行了本发明,且本发明的目的在于提供一种用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物,该组合物包括特定的金属离子,因而赋予介电绝缘膜低介电常数和优异的机械强度与电性能。
本发明的另一目的在于提供一种由上述介电绝缘膜组合物制备的并因而具有低介电常数和优异的机械强度与电性能的介电绝缘膜。
本发明的还一目的在于提供包括上述介电绝缘膜的电气或电子装置。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物,该组合物包括a)有机硅氧烷聚合物;b)选自包括Rb离子、Cs离子和其混合物的组的第一金属离子;和c)有机溶剂,其中,基于该组合物的重量,包含1~200ppm的第一金属离子。
本发明还提供由上述用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物制备的并包含选自包括Rb离子、Cs离子和其混合物的组的金属离子的介电绝缘膜。
本发明还提供包括上述介电绝缘膜的电气或电子装置。
下面给出本发明的详细描述。
本发明人从事具有低介电常数和优异机械与电性能、同时包含较少金属,如Na、K、Ca、Fe、Cu、Ni、Mg和Zn和其离子的介电绝缘膜的研究。在工作中,本发明人发现包括特定量的Rb离子、Cs离子或其混合物的用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物有助于介电绝缘膜的固化,并提高介电绝缘膜的交联密度,从而改进介电绝缘膜的机械强度、介电性能、电性能等。
在本说明书中,Rb离子、Cs离子或其混合物称为第一金属离子,而Rb离子或Cs离子之外的其它金属离子,例如Na、K、Ca、Fe、Cu、Ni、Mg或Zn离子,称为第二金属离子。
通常,在半导体装置的制造过程中,当进行制造铜线路时,以及在隔离膜加工和介电绝缘膜制造过程中,可能包括高于一定标准的第二金属离子。因为有机硅氧烷聚合物源、溶剂、反应器等,所以在制备用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物时,也可能包括高于一定标准的第二金属离子。
如果含第二金属离子的涂料组合物制成介电绝缘膜,则该介电绝缘膜的电性能可能不好。特别是,因为Na+离子和K+离子扩散速度非常快,所以它们对门装置的特性产生致命的影响。因此,在半导体制造过程中,严格限制Na+离子和K+离子的含量。
然而,如果不含第二金属离子的涂料组合物制成介电绝缘膜,则介电性能、机械强度和电性能变差。
根据本发明的用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物包括a)有机硅氧烷聚合物、b)选自包括Rb离子、Cs离子和其混合物的组的第一金属离子和c)有机溶剂。
所述的有机硅氧烷聚合物可以是任何由硅烷化合物或硅烷低聚物聚合的硅氧烷聚合物,然而,根据介电性质和机械强度,更优选由选自包括a)选自包括下面通式1和通式2表示的化合物的组的至少一种单体、b)由上述单体制得的二聚物、和c)由上述单体、二聚物或其混合物制得的低聚物的组的至少一种硅烷化合物聚合的有机硅氧烷聚合物。
SiR1 pR2 4-p (1)
其中,R1是氢、芳基、乙烯基、烯丙基、氟取代的C1-C4直链或支链的烷基、或未被氟取代的C1-C4直链或支链的烷基;
R2是C1-C4直链或支链的烷氧基、乙酰氧基或氯;以及
p是1或2的整数。
R3 qR4 3-qSi-M-SiR5 rR6 3-r (2)
其中,R3和R5各独立地为氢、氟、芳基、乙烯基、烯丙基、氟取代的C1-C4直链或支链的烷基、或未被氟取代的C1-C4直链或支链的烷基;
R4和R6各独立地为C1-C4直链或支链的烷氧基、乙酰氧基或氯;
M是C1-C6亚烷基或亚苯基;以及
q和r各为0~2的整数。
根据当量的聚苯乙烯分子量,有机硅氧烷聚合物优选具有至少500的重均分子量,且优选500~1,000,000的范围。如果有机硅氧烷聚合物的重均分子量低于500,则介电绝缘膜的被覆性能可能变得不好。
可由选自包括i)选自包括由通式1和通式2表示的化合物的组的至少一种单体、ii)由上述单体制得的二聚物、和iii)由上述单体、二聚物或其混合物制得的低聚物的组的至少一种物质聚合的硅烷化合物与催化剂和水混合,然后使该硅烷化合物水解和缩合,从而制得有机硅氧烷聚合物。
如果需要,可通过加入有机溶剂进行水解和缩合。为了便于控制要聚合的有机硅氧烷聚合物的分子量,优选在有机溶剂存在下进行水解和缩合。
在制备有机硅氧烷聚合物过程中,可采用不影响硅烷化合物水解或缩合的任何有机溶剂,但是,优选选自包括脂族烃溶剂、芳族烃溶剂、醇溶剂、酮溶剂、醚溶剂、酯溶剂和酰胺溶剂的组的至少一种溶剂。
具体而言,优选选自包括a)选自包括正戊烷、异戊烷、正己烷、异己烷、2,2,4-三甲基戊烷、环己烷和甲基环己烷的组的至少一种脂族烃溶剂,b)选自包括苯、甲苯、二甲苯、三甲苯、乙苯和甲基乙基苯的组的至少一种芳族烃溶剂,c)选自包括甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、仲丁醇、叔丁醇、4-甲基-2-戊醇、环己醇、甲基环己醇和丙三醇的组的至少一种醇溶剂,d)选自包括甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮、二乙基酮、甲基正丙基酮、甲基正丁基酮、环己酮、甲基环己酮和乙酰丙酮的组的至少一种酮溶剂,e)选自包括四氢呋喃、2-甲基四氢呋喃、乙醚、正丙醚、异丙醚、二甘醇二甲醚、二氧芑、二甲基二氧芑、乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇二乙醚、丙二醇单甲醚和丙二醇二甲醚的组的至少一种醚溶剂,f)选自包括碳酸二乙酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乳酸乙酯、乙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯和乙二醇二乙酸酯的组的至少一种酯溶剂和g)选自包括N-甲基吡咯烷酮、甲酰胺、N-甲基甲酰胺、N-乙基甲酰胺、N,N二甲基乙酰胺和N,N二乙基乙酰胺的组的至少一种酰胺溶剂的组的至少一种溶剂。
在水解和缩合过程中使用的催化剂可以是酸催化剂或碱催化剂。通常,在处理有机分子或有机聚合物时,优选酸催化剂。
不特别限制酸催化剂,但是优选选自包括盐酸、硝酸、硫酸、磷酸、氟酸、甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、戊酸、己酸、一氯代乙酸、二氯代乙酸、三氯代乙酸、三氟代乙酸、草酸、丙二酸、磺酸、苯二甲酸、富马酸、柠檬酸、马来酸、油酸、甲基丙二酸、己二酸、对氨基苯甲酸和对甲苯磺酸的组的至少一种酸催化剂。
同样不特别限制碱催化剂,但是优选选自包括碱金属化合物、氨水、有机胺和季铵化合物的组的至少一种碱催化剂。
不特别限制催化剂的加入量,但是根据催化剂和硅烷化合物的种类而确定催化剂的加入量。
水与催化剂同时使用,加入水来使硅烷化合物水解。对于1摩尔的硅烷化合物的可水解官能团,水优选以1~30摩尔使用,更优选以2~20摩尔使用。如果对于每摩尔的硅烷化合物的可水解官能团水含量低于1摩尔,则水解和缩合可能不充分,且所得到的介电绝缘膜将不具备良好的介电和机械性能。另一方面,如果对于每摩尔的硅烷化合物的可水解官能团水含量高于30摩尔,则在水解和缩合过程中可能发生相分离,从而导致反应不均一,并且涂覆性能易于变差。
水可以递增或连续地加入。催化剂可预先在有机溶剂中混合好,或可在水中溶解或分散后加入。
有机硅氧烷聚合物的水解和缩合优选在0~100℃下进行。
第一金属离子包含在包括Rb离子、Cs离子或其混合物的金属盐中,可以与有机硅氧烷聚合物和有机溶剂一起加入。
基于用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物的重量,优选包括1~200ppm的第一金属离子,更优选5~100ppm。如果第一金属离子的含量低于1ppm,则对有机硅氧烷聚合物、基质树脂固化的促进作用只是微弱的,从而介电绝缘膜的机械强度、电性能和介电性能变差。另一方面,如果第一金属离子的含量高于200ppm,则不能进一步提高性能,并且贮存稳定性变差,这可导致介电绝缘膜的介电和电性能变差。
在本发明中,第二金属离子的含量应尽可能小。基于组合物的重量,优选包括低于0.5ppm的第二金属离子。并优选Na+离子和K+离子的含量小于0.1ppm,且更优选小于0.02ppm。如果第二金属离子的含量高于0.5ppm,或如果Na+离子和K+离子的含量高于0.1ppm,则可影响介电绝缘膜的电性能,并可致命地影响门装置的特性。
在加入第一金属离子之前,可采用常规金属离子除去法来除去第二金属离子。更具体而言,可用水洗去第二金属离子,或者采用离子交换树脂过滤器或ζ电势过滤器等除去第二金属离子。但是,这些实施例不是限制性实施例。
不特别限制在用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物中所包含的有机溶剂。该有机溶剂可以是在制备有机硅氧烷聚合物中所使用的有机溶剂,在有机硅氧烷聚合物制备后加入的新的有机溶剂,或两者的混合物。
有机溶剂的优选例子与在制备有机硅氧烷聚合物中所使用的有机溶剂相同,在此不具体说明。但是,考虑到涂料组合物的涂覆性能,在上述优选的有机溶剂中,选自包括乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇二乙醚、丙二醇单甲醚和丙二醇二甲醚的组的至少一种醚溶剂和选自包括碳酸二乙酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乳酸乙酯、乙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯和乙二醇二乙酸酯的组的至少一种酯溶剂更优选用作主溶剂。
当使用在制备有机硅氧烷聚合物中已使用的有机溶剂时,优选将降低涂料组合物涂覆性能的特定有机溶剂、在有机硅氧烷聚合物制备过程中产生的反应副产物和水去除到低于特定的水平。
为了减小介电绝缘膜的密度,本发明的用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物可进一步包含d)生孔物质。生孔物质优选是在450℃或低于450℃可热解的任何有机分子或有机聚合物。
列举具体的优选实例,可使用在150~450℃可热解的选自包括脂族烃、芳族烃、醚化合物、酯化合物、酐化合物、碳酸酯化合物、丙烯酰基化合物(acryl compound)、硫醚化合物、异氰酸酯化合物、异氰脲酸酯化合物、砜化合物和亚砜化合物的组的至少一种有机分子,或由其聚合的聚合物,且可更优选使用在150~450℃可热解的环氧烷聚合物和丙烯酸酯聚合物。
生孔物质在分子的末端或内部可含有可与有机硅氧烷聚合物反应的烷氧基硅烷官能团。
生孔物质优选具有300~100,000的重均分子量,更优选300~20,000的重均分子量。如果生孔物质的分子量低于300,则可能不能充分生成孔。另一方面,如果生孔物质的分子量高于100,000,则与基质树脂的相容性变差,并且难于形成微孔。
生孔物质优选为选自包括具有直链、嵌段、星形或交联型分子结构的聚合物或共聚物的组的至少一种。生孔物质更优选为选自包括具有嵌段、星形或交联型分子结构的聚合物或共聚物的组的至少一种。
用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物的涂覆性能由组合物中的固体含量控制。用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物优选固体含量为2~60wt%,更优选5~40wt%。如果固体含量低于2wt%,则不能得到足够的膜厚度。另一方面,如果固体含量高于60wt%,则涂覆性能和贮存稳定性变差。
为了提高机械强度和介电性能,用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物可进一步包括水。对于100wt%的组合物,优选包括1~10wt%的水,更优选包括2~7wt%的水。如果水的含量低于1wt%,则仅只稍稍提高机械强度和介电性能。另一方面,如果水的含量高于10wt%,则介电绝缘膜的涂覆性能变差,从而难于得到均匀的介电绝缘膜。
本发明的介电绝缘膜通过将组合物涂覆在衬底上,并通过干燥和烘焙而固化所得到的膜,由用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物制得。
不特别限制衬底,但是优选硅片、SiO2片、SiN片、化合物半导体、玻璃衬底或聚合物衬底。
特别是当介电绝缘膜用于半导体装置的多层电路之间时,可采用常规液相涂覆,优选旋涂、浸涂、辊涂或喷涂,更优选旋涂,将所述的组合物涂覆在衬底上。
根据组合物的粘度,可调整涂膜的厚度。在旋涂的情况下,可通过调节旋涂机的旋转速度而调整厚度。
在涂覆组合物之后,可通过干燥和烘焙形成具有三维结构的有机硅氧烷聚合物介电绝缘膜。
优选在涂料组合物中所包含的有机溶剂可蒸发的温度范围内进行干燥,更优选在30~300℃进行干燥。干燥工序可分为预烘焙和软烘焙(soft-baking)步骤。在预烘焙步骤中,在介电绝缘膜中包含的有机溶剂缓慢地蒸发,而在软烘焙步骤中,有机硅氧烷聚合物的特定量的官能团被交联上。
干燥工序之后的烘焙工序是使有机硅氧烷聚合物的所有残余官能团反应的最后工序。鉴于有机硅氧烷聚合物介电绝缘膜的热稳定性,和由其制造的半导体装置的特性,确定烘焙温度。优选在300℃或高于300℃,更优选在350~500℃进行烘焙。
可通过连续升温或者递增升温进行干燥和烘焙。在递增干燥和烘焙的情况下,在各温度下干燥和烘焙优选进行1分钟至5小时。
不特别限制在干燥和烘焙过程中的加热方法。加热板、烘箱、加热炉等可用于加热。可在例如含有氮气、氩气或氦气的惰性气氛下,氧气气氛下,含有氧气的气氛下(例如空气),真空中,或者在含有氨气或氢气的气氛下进行加热。
在干燥和烘焙工序中可采用相同或不同的加热方法。
由本发明涂料组合物制备的介电绝缘膜,可包含为促进有机硅氧烷聚合物固化而加入的选自包括Rb离子、Cs离子和其混合物的组的第一金属离子或其盐。
第一金属离子或其盐促进有机硅氧烷聚合物固化,从而减少介电绝缘膜中未反应的官能团,提高介电绝缘膜的机械强度,并改进介电绝缘膜的介电和电性能。
根据用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物中包含的第一金属离子的含量,确定第一金属离子或其盐的含量。基于介电绝缘膜的重量,第一金属离子或其盐的含量优选为5~1500ppm,更优选15~800ppm。如果第一金属离子的含量低于5ppm,则介电绝缘膜的机械强度和电性能可能变差。另一方面,如果第一金属离子的含量高于1500ppm,则介电绝缘膜的介电和电性能可能变差。
由于上述介电绝缘膜具有良好的介电性能和优异的机械与电性能,其可用作半导体装置的夹层介电绝缘膜、电子装置的夹层介电绝缘膜、电子装置的保护膜、多层线路衬底的夹层介电绝缘膜、保护膜、或液晶显示装置的抗绝缘膜、气体隔离膜等。
介电绝缘膜的厚度可根据用途而变化,不特别限制该厚度,但是当介电绝缘膜用作半导体装置的夹层介电绝缘膜时,优选厚度为0.05~2μm。
具体实施方式
以下实施例进一步详细地说明本发明,但不认为这些实施例限制本发明的范围。
实施例1
(用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物的制备)
将100.0g甲基三甲氧基硅烷(MTMS)和83.8g四甲氧基硅烷(TMS)加入到429g四氢呋喃有机溶剂中。然后将81.0g的0.01N硝酸水溶液缓慢加入其中。在室温(25℃)反应30分钟。在缓慢加热至80℃之后,在加热和回流的同时,反应过夜(24小时)。
在反应完成之后,用乙醚稀释反应液,并用水洗至得到中性pH。加入硫酸镁以从反应液中彻底地除去水,然后在真空干燥箱中彻底地除去残留的溶剂,从而得到有机硅氧烷聚合物。该有机硅氧烷聚合物的重均分子量为3500。
将有机硅氧烷聚合物溶解在丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯中至20wt%的溶液。将该溶液通过除去金属离子的过滤器,以使基于溶液重量,总金属离子的含量变为0.05ppm或低于0.05ppm。采用感应耦合等离子体-质谱仪(ICP-MS)测定金属离子含量。结果在下面表1中示出。
[表1]
(单位:ppm)
元素 | Cu | Fe | K | Na | Ca | Mg | Zn | 总数 |
含量 | 0.001 | 0.014 | 0.002 | 0.003 | 0.016 | 0.004 | 0.004 | 0.044 |
将基于溶液重量的30ppm的RbCl盐加入到纯化的有机硅氧烷聚合物溶液中,从而得到用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物。
(介电绝缘膜的制备)
将所得到的用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物旋涂到硅片上,以得到涂膜,并通过在加热板上于80℃下预烘焙1分钟,和随后在150℃软烘焙1分钟而进行干燥。
在加热炉中加热干燥的硅片至430℃,并固化1小时,从而得到介电绝缘膜。
实施例2
(用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物的制备)
将以与实施例1相同的方法得到的有机硅氧烷聚合物溶解于丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯中至20wt%的浓度,从而得到有机硅氧烷聚合物溶液。
另外,将重均分子量为5,000和聚环氧乙烷含量为30%的聚环氧乙烷(PEO)-聚环氧丙烷(PPO)-聚环氧乙烷(PEO)共聚物(三嵌段共聚物)溶解于丙二醇甲醚乙酸酯中至20wt%的浓度,从而得到PEO-PPO-PEO溶液。
将1.1g水和7.6g PEO-PPO-PEO溶液的混合物加入至20g制备的有机硅氧烷聚合物溶液中。将该混合物溶液通过除去金属离子的过滤器,以使基于溶液的重量,总金属离子的含量变为0.05ppm或低于0.05ppm。
将基于溶液重量的30ppm的RbCl盐加入到纯化的聚合物溶液中,从而得到用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物。
(介电绝缘膜的制备)
以与实施例1相同的方法制备介电绝缘膜。
实施例3
(用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物的制备)
除将基于采用除去金属离子的过滤器纯化的混合物溶液的100ppm的RbCl盐加入到该溶液中外,以与实施例2相同的方法制备用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物。
(介电绝缘膜的制备)
以与实施例1相同的方法制备介电绝缘膜。
实施例4
(用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物的制备)
除将基于采用除去金属离子的过滤器纯化的混合物溶液的100ppm的CsCl盐加入到该溶液中外,以与实施例2相同的方法制备用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物。
(介电绝缘膜的制备)
以与实施例1相同的方法制备介电绝缘膜。
实施例5
(用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物的制备)
除将基于采用除去金属离子的过滤器纯化的混合物溶液的50ppm的RbCl盐和50ppm的CsCl盐加入到该溶液中外,以与实施例2相同的方法制备用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物。
(介电绝缘膜的制备)
以与实施例1相同的方法制备介电绝缘膜。
对比实施例1
(用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物的制备)
除了在用除去金属离子的过滤器纯化之后不加入RbCl盐外,以与实施例1相同的方法制备用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物。
(介电绝缘膜的制备)
以与实施例1相同的方法制备介电绝缘膜。
对比实施例2
(用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物的制备)
除了在用除去金属离子的过滤器纯化之后不加入RbCl盐外,以与实施例2相同的方法制备用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物。
(介电绝缘膜的制备)
以与实施例1相同的方法制备介电绝缘膜。
对比实施例3
(用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物的制备)
除将基于采用除去金属离子的过滤器纯化的混合物溶液的0.2ppm的RbCl盐加入到该溶液中外,以与实施例2相同的方法制备用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物。
(介电绝缘膜的制备)
以与实施例1相同的方法制备介电绝缘膜。
对比实施例4
(用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物的制备)
除将基于采用除去金属离子的过滤器纯化的混合物溶液的100ppm的ZnCl2盐代替RbCl盐加入到该溶液中外,以与实施例2相同的方法制备用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物。
(介电绝缘膜的制备)
以与实施例1相同的方法制备介电绝缘膜。
对比实施例5
(用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物的制备)
除将基于采用除去金属离子的过滤器纯化的混合物溶液的100ppm的SnCl2盐代替RbCl盐加入到该溶液中外,以与实施例2相同的方法制备用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物。
(介电绝缘膜的制备)
以与实施例1相同的方法制备介电绝缘膜。
对比实施例6
(用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物的制备)
除将基于采用除去金属离子的过滤器纯化的混合物溶液的100ppm的PtCl2盐代替RbCl盐加入到该溶液中外,以与实施例2相同的方法制备用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物。
(介电绝缘膜的制备)
以与实施例1相同的方法制备介电绝缘膜。
对比实施例7
(用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物的制备)
除将基于采用除去金属离子的过滤器纯化的混合物溶液的100ppm的FeCl3盐代替RbCl盐加入到该溶液中外,以与实施例2相同的方法制备用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物。
(介电绝缘膜的制备)
以与实施例1相同的方法制备介电绝缘膜。
对比实施例8
(用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物的制备)
除将基于采用除去金属离子的过滤器纯化的混合物溶液的100ppm的NiCl2盐代替RbCl盐加入到该溶液中外,以与实施例2相同的方法制备用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物。
(介电绝缘膜的制备)
以与实施例1相同的方法制备介电绝缘膜。
对比实施例9
(用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物的制备)
除将基于采用除去金属离子的过滤器纯化的混合物溶液的500ppm的RbCl盐加入到该溶液中外,以与实施例2相同的方法制备用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物。
(介电绝缘膜的制备)
以与实施例1相同的方法制备介电绝缘膜。RbCl盐沉淀在介电绝缘膜的表面上,且不能得到均匀的涂膜。
对比实施例10
(用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物的制备)
除将基于采用除去金属离子的过滤器纯化的混合物溶液的100ppm的硝酸四甲铵盐加入到该溶液中外,以与实施例2相同的方法制备用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物。当该溶液在室温下贮存1周时,其粘度快速降低。
(介电绝缘膜的制备)
以与实施例1相同的方法制备介电绝缘膜。
[介电绝缘膜的物理性质的测定]
对于实施例1~5和对比实施例1~10中制备的介电绝缘膜,测定其介电常数、机械强度和漏泄电流。按照如下所述进行测定。
介电常数
在掺P的Si片上制备包含实施例1~5和对比实施例1~10中制备的各介电绝缘膜的MIS(金属/绝缘体/半导体)装置。采用LCR测量仪(HP)在1MHz下进行测量。
机械强度
采用纳米压痕仪(Nano Indenter)测量模量和硬度。
击穿电压和漏泄电流
在掺P的Si片上制备包含实施例1~5和对比实施例1~10中制备的各介电绝缘膜的MIS(金属/绝缘体/半导体)装置。采用Keithley6517静电计测量击穿电压和漏泄电流。
测量结果示于下面表2中。
[表2]
加入的物质 | 介电常数 | 模量(GPa) | 硬度(GPa) | 击穿电压(MV/cm) | 漏泄电流@1MV/cm(A/cm2) | |
实施例1 | 30ppm RbCl | 2.89 | 14.5 | 1.61 | 5.0 | 10-10 |
实施例2 | 30ppm RbCl,PEO-PPO-PEO | 2.20 | 5.30 | 0.61 | 3.4 | 10-9 |
实施例3 | 100ppm RbCl,PEO-PPO-PEO | 2.18 | 5.89 | 0.65 | 3.6 | <10-9 |
实施例4 | 100ppm CsCl,PEO-PPO-PEO | 2.20 | 5.59 | 0.62 | 3.9 | <10-9 |
实施例5 | 50ppm RbCl+50ppm CsCl,PEO-PPO-PEO | 2.20 | 5.75 | 0.63 | 3.7 | <10-9 |
对比实施例1 | - | 3.23 | 11.8 | 1.31 | 4.5 | 10-7 |
对比实施例2 | PEO-PPO-PEO | 2.72 | 4.14 | 0.46 | 2.9 | 10-5 |
对比实施例3 | 0.2ppm RbCl,PEO-PPO-PEO | 2.70 | 4.20 | 0.47 | 3.0 | 10-6 |
对比实施例4 | 100ppm ZnCl2,PEO-PPO-PEO | 2.80 | 3.70 | 0.39 | 2.5 | >10-5 |
对比实施例5 | 100ppm SnCl2,PEO-PPO-PEO | 3.03 | 3.75 | 0.41 | 2.2 | >10-5 |
对比实施例6 | 100ppm PtCl2,PEO-PPO-PEO | 2.60 | 4.44 | 0.54 | 2.9 | 10-6 |
对比实施例7 | 100ppm FeCl3, | 3.21 | 4.12 | 0.43 | 2.0 | >10-5 |
PEO-PPO-PEO | ||||||
对比实施例8 | 100ppm NiCl2,PEO-PPO-PEO | 2.73 | 4.34 | 0.54 | 2.6 | 10-5 |
对比实施例9 | 500ppm RbCl,PEO-PPO-PEO | 2.34 | 5.60 | 0.62 | 3.1 | 10-7 |
对比实施例10 | 100ppm Me4NNO3,PEO-PPO-PEO | 2.45 | 3.91 | 0.43 | 3.0 | 10-7 |
如表2所示,与不包含金属离子的其它介电绝缘膜相比,由包含Rb离子或Cs离子,即第一金属离子(实施例1~5)的涂料组合物制备的介电绝缘膜具有较低的介电常数和改善的机械强度和电性能。
包含除Rb离子或Cs离子之外的金属离子,即第二金属离子的对比实施例4~8的介电绝缘膜的介电常数和机械性能未得到改善。由包含已知可促进固化的胺(铵盐)的涂料组合物制备的对比实施例10的介电绝缘膜具有不良的储存稳定性和机械强度,且电和介电性能不佳。
尽管参考优选的实施方案已详细地描述了本发明,本领域的技术人员仍应理解,在不偏离如所附权利要求阐明的本发明的实质和范围的情况下,可对本发明进行各种改变和替代。
Claims (12)
1、一种用于介电绝缘膜的涂料组合物,包括:
a)有机硅氧烷聚合物;
b)选自包括Rb离子、Cs离子和其混合物的组的第一金属离子;和
c)有机溶剂,
其中,基于该组合物的重量,包含1~200ppm的第一金属离子。
2、根据权利要求1所述的涂料组合物,其中,所述的有机硅氧烷聚合物是由选自包括如下化合物的组的至少一种硅烷化合物聚合的:
a)选自包括下面通式1和通式2表示的化合物的组的至少一种单体;
b)由上述单体制得的二聚物;和
c)由上述单体、二聚物或其混合物制得的低聚物,
SiR1 pR2 4-p (1)
其中,R1是氢、芳基、乙烯基、烯丙基、氟取代的C1-C4直链或支链的烷基、或未被氟取代的C1-C4直链或支链的烷基;
R2是直链或支链的C1-C4烷氧基、乙酰氧基或氯;以及
p是1或2的整数;以及
R3 qR4 3-qSi-M-SiR5 rR6 3-r (2)
其中,R3和R5各独立地为氢、氟、芳基、乙烯基、烯丙基、氟取代的C1-C4直链或支链的烷基、或未被氟取代的C1-C4直链或支链的烷基;
R4和R6各独立地为C1-C4直链或支链的烷氧基、乙酰氧基或氯;
M是C1-C6亚烷基或亚苯基;以及
q和r各为0~2的整数。
3、根据权利要求1所述的涂料组合物,其中,为Rb离子或Cs离子之外的金属离子的第二金属离子的总含量为0.5ppm或低于0.5ppm。
4、根据权利要求3所述的的涂料组合物,其中,Na离子和K离子的总含量为0.1ppm或低于0.1ppm。
5、根据权利要求1所述的涂料组合物,其中,所述的有机溶剂为选自包括如下溶剂的组的至少一种溶剂:
a)选自包括正戊烷、异戊烷、正己烷、异己烷、2,2,4-三甲基戊烷、环己烷和甲基环己烷的组的至少一种脂族烃溶剂;
b)选自包括苯、甲苯、二甲苯、三甲苯、乙苯和甲基乙基苯的组的至少一种芳族烃溶剂;
c)选自包括甲醇、乙醇、正丙醇、异丙醇、正丁醇、异丁醇、仲丁醇、叔丁醇、4-甲基-2-戊醇、环己醇、甲基环己醇和丙三醇的组的至少一种醇溶剂;
d)选自包括甲基乙基酮、甲基异丁基酮、二乙基酮、甲基正丙基酮、甲基正丁基酮、环己酮、甲基环己酮和乙酰丙酮的组的至少一种酮溶剂;
e)选自包括四氢呋喃、2-甲基四氢呋喃、乙醚、正丙醚、异丙醚、二甘醇二甲醚、二氧芑、二甲基二氧芑、乙二醇单甲醚、乙二醇二甲醚、乙二醇二乙醚、丙二醇单甲醚和丙二醇二甲醚的组的至少一种醚溶剂;
f)选自包括碳酸二乙酯、乙酸甲酯、乙酸乙酯、乳酸乙酯、乙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯、丙二醇单甲醚乙酸酯和乙二醇二乙酸酯的组的至少一种酯溶剂;和
g)选自包括N-甲基吡咯烷酮、甲酰胺、N-甲基甲酰胺、N-乙基甲酰胺、N,N-二甲基乙酰胺和N,N-二乙基乙酰胺的组的至少一种酰胺溶剂。
6、根据权利要求1所述的涂料组合物,进一步包括:d)生孔物质。
7、根据权利要求6所述的涂料组合物,其中所述的生孔物质为至少一种在150~450℃的温度范围内可热解的选自包括脂族烃、芳族烃、醚化合物、酯化合物、酐化合物、碳酸酯化合物、丙烯酰基化合物、硫醚化合物、异氰酸酯化合物、异氰脲酸酯化合物、砜化合物和亚砜化合物的组的有机分子,以及由其聚合的聚合物。
8、根据权利要求7所述的涂料组合物,其中所述的生孔物质为具有300~100,000的重均分子量的直链聚合物、嵌段共聚物、星形聚合物或交联聚合物。
9、根据权利要求1所述的涂料组合物,其中该涂料组合物的固体含量为2~60wt%。
10、根据权利要求1所述的涂料组合物,进一步包括:
e)水。
11、一种介电绝缘膜,该介电绝缘膜由权利要求1~10任一项所述的涂料组合物制备,且基于该介电绝缘膜的重量,包含5~1500ppm的选自包括Rb离子、Cs离子和其混合物的组的第一金属离子。
12、一种包括权利要求11的介电绝缘膜的电气或电子装置。
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CN1926209B (zh) | 2011-05-25 |
WO2006098544A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
TWI303266B (en) | 2008-11-21 |
KR100775100B1 (ko) | 2007-11-08 |
EP1858996B1 (en) | 2012-03-28 |
KR20060100980A (ko) | 2006-09-22 |
EP1858996A4 (en) | 2010-03-17 |
EP1858996A1 (en) | 2007-11-28 |
JP2007520624A (ja) | 2007-07-26 |
ATE551380T1 (de) | 2012-04-15 |
TW200634112A (en) | 2006-10-01 |
EP1858996B8 (en) | 2012-04-25 |
US20060211837A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 |
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