CN1894809A - 耐热性隔板以及使用该隔板的电气电子部件 - Google Patents
耐热性隔板以及使用该隔板的电气电子部件 Download PDFInfo
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- CMJLMPKFQPJDKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylthiolane 1,1-dioxide Chemical compound CC1CCS(=O)(=O)C1 CMJLMPKFQPJDKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVBRZOLXXOIMQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroborane Chemical compound FB BVBRZOLXXOIMQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZTOMUSMDRMJOTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutaronitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCC#N ZTOMUSMDRMJOTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- MCSAJNNLRCFZED-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitroethane Chemical compound CC[N+]([O-])=O MCSAJNNLRCFZED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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Abstract
本发明提供电气电子部件用隔板,其特征是在300℃下加热处理45分钟前后的下述计算式(1)所示内部电阻值的增加率在25%以内,(内部电阻值)={(电解液的导电度)/(向隔板中注入电解液时的导电度)}×(隔板的厚度)……式(1),式中,(向隔板中注入电解液时的导电度)是在向隔板中注入了电解液的状态下夹在2片电极之间,利用测定的交流阻抗计算出来的导电度。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及在电容器(コンデンサ-或キヤパシタ-)、电池等电气·电子部件内,对导电构件间进行隔离,使电解质或离子等离子种通过的隔板,以及使用该隔板的电气·电子部件。特别涉及以锂离子、钠离子、铵离子、氢离子等作为电流载流子使用的电气·电子部件中作为电极间隔离板使用的隔板。
背景技术
正如以便携式通信设备和高速信息处理设备等最近发展所预示的,在电子设备的小型轻量化、高性能化方面取得了惊人的发展。其中对体积小、重量轻、容量高,并且还能够经受长期贮存的高性能电池、电容器方面寄予很大期待,希望能够获得广泛应用,部件的开发正在飞速发展。为适应这种形势,对于构件,例如对于作为电极间隔壁材料的隔板的技术·质量进行开发的必要性正在不断提高。
在隔板所要求的各种特性当中,一般认为下面三种特性是非常重要的。
1)在保持电解质状态下的导电性好;
2)具有高的电极间屏蔽性;
3)机械强度优异。
过去作为电气·电子部件用的隔板,广泛采用使用如聚乙烯和聚丙烯等聚烯烃系聚合物制膜的多孔质片材(参照特开昭63-273651公报),用聚乙烯和聚丙烯等聚烯烃系聚合物纤维加工成片状的无纺织布(参照特开2001-11761公报),用尼龙纤维加工成片状的无纺织布(参照特开昭58-147956公报)等。这样的隔板是以一层或数层或将其卷成筒状在电池内使用的。
另一方面,电极中所用的构件,在铝电解电容器中是对铝箔电极进行腐蚀,而在电双层电容器中是以活性炭作为电极等,通过在其表面制作微孔,增大表面积来实现高容量的。
发明公开
上述多微孔膜和无纺织布,作为隔板具有良好的物性,但是不一定能充分应对近年来电动汽车用的电容器、电池等所要求的高容量化和高输出的需要。
要求高容量、高输出的电容器、电池等电气·电子部件用的隔板必需同时满足以下五种特性要求:
1)在保持电解质状态下的导电性好;
2)具有高的电极间屏蔽性;
3)机械强度优异;
4)化学·电化学性能稳定;
5)能够耐高温干燥(耐热性)。
特别是为了达到下述两方面目的,耐热性是相当重要的。
1)使用大电流,例如作为电动汽车用驱动电源的电池之类的电气·电子部件中防止导电构件之间短路等;
2)在电气电子部件的制造过程中,对铝箔和活性炭等电极微孔中的水分进行充分干燥。
鉴于这种情况,应该开发能够承受由高容量化·高输出而产生的大电流,并且能够耐制造工序中的高温干燥的高耐热性隔板用材料,为此本发明者不断进行了锐意研究,结果完成了本发明。
这样本发明提供电气电子部件用的隔板,其特征是在300℃下加热处理45分钟前后的下述计算式(1)所示内部电阻值的增加率在25%以内,
(内部电阻值)={(电解液的导电度)/(向隔板中注入电解液时的导
电度)}×(隔板的厚度)
........................式(1)
式中,(向隔板中注入电解液时的导电度)是在向隔板中注入了电解液的状态下夹在2片电极之间,利用测定的交流阻抗计算出来的导电度。
本发明还提供电容器、电池等电气电子部件,其特征是使用上述隔板作为导电构件间的隔离板而构成。
本发明进一步还提供电容器、电池等电气电子部件,其特征是使用在制造工序中经200℃或200℃以上温度进行加热处理的上述隔板作为导电构件间的隔离板而构成。
以下对本发明进行详细说明。
<内部电阻值>
本发明隔板的内部电阻是通过下述计算式(1)计算出来的值。
(内部电阻值)={(电解液的导电度)/(向隔板中注入电解液时的导
电度)}×(隔板的厚度)
........................式(1)
式中,所谓“电解液”是指在溶剂中溶解有电解质的液体。
对于可以在上述电解液中使用的溶剂、电解质和电解质的浓度等没有特别限制。作为溶剂,可以列举如碳酸亚乙酯、碳酸亚丙酯、碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二乙酯、碳酸乙基甲基酯、碳酸亚丁酯、戊二腈、己二腈、乙腈、甲氧基乙腈、3-甲氧基丙腈、γ-丁内酯、γ-戊内酯、环丁砜、3-甲基环丁砜、硝基乙烷、硝基甲烷、磷酸三甲基酯、N-甲基唑烷酮、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基亚砜、N,N’-二甲基咪唑烷酮、脒、水,2种或2种以上这些溶剂的混合物等。
另外作为电解质,例如包括离子性物质,可以列举如以下阳离子和阴离子的组合。
1)阳离子:例如季铵离子、季离子、锂离子、钠离子、铵离子、氢离子及其混合物等。
2)阴离子:例如高氯酸根离子、氟硼酸根离子、六氟化磷酸根离子、硫酸根离子、氢氧根离子及其混合物等。
上述计算式(1)的(向隔板中注入电解液时的导电度)是在向隔板中注入了上述电解液的状态下夹在2片电极之间,利用测定的交流阻抗计算出来的导电度。对该交流阻抗的测定频率,没有特别限制,通常优选1kHz~100kHz的范围内。
本发明隔板,用上述计算式(1)所表示的内部电阻值的增加率在25%以内,特别优选在15%以内。
<隔板的形式>
本发明中,作为隔板的形式,只要是能够同时满足前述5种特性,则没有特别限制,一般适合采用片材形式,特别优选作为多孔结构体的织造布、无纺布、纸、多微孔薄膜等形式。
1)在保持电解质的状态下的导电性好;
2)具有高的电极间屏蔽性;
3)具有机械强度;
4)化学·电化学性能稳定;和
5)能够耐高温干燥(耐热性)。
<隔板构成材料>
作为构成隔板的材料,为耐热性高,即使在250℃或250℃以上温度进行加热处理,其尺寸变化也较小的,例如优选以芳族聚酰胺、全芳族聚酯、全芳族聚アゾ化合物、全芳族聚酯酰胺、全芳族聚醚、聚醚醚酮、聚苯硫醚、聚对亚苯基苯并双噻唑、聚苯并咪唑、聚对亚苯基苯并双唑、聚酰胺酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺、双马来酰亚胺·三嗪、聚マミノ双马来酰亚胺、聚四氟乙烯、陶瓷、氧化铝、二氧化硅、氧化铝氧化硅(aluminasilica)、玻璃、石棉、氮化硅、碳化硅、碳、氧化锆、钛酸钾、氧硫酸镁、合成硅酸钙等中的至少一种材料作为主成分的。其中特别优选芳族聚酰胺。
<隔板的制造>
本发明的隔板,例如用一般方法把上述隔板构成材料例如加工成纤度为0.05~25旦尼尔,并且长度为1~50mm左右的短纤维状,再用适当的造纸机将其成型成片状,把所得片材通过金属制的压延辊等在如温度100~400℃以及线压力50~400kg/cm条件下进行热压加工而可以制造。
<加热处理>
使用本发明隔板的电气·电子部件,在其制造过程中,例如可以与含有微细孔的铝箔、活性炭等电极一起卷绕后进行加热处理,通过加热处理可以除去微细孔中的残留水分。隔板的加热处理为200℃或200℃以上的温度,例如可以通过把隔板置于其周围温度处于300±10℃范围内的气氛中保持45分钟左右进行加热处理。这时的周围气氛,是不与隔板发生化学反应的气体气氛,例如氮气气氛、氩气气氛等,另外,优选真空中。
实施例
以下列举实施例进一步具体说明本发明的情况。这些实施例是单纯的示例,并不限定本发明范围。
<测定方法>
(1)片材的克重、厚度的测定
根据JIS C2111实施。
(2)导电度的测定
把隔板切成直径为20mm的圆,夹在2枚SUS电极之间,由60kHz下的交流阻抗计算出来。这时测定温度为25℃。测定时作为电解液,使用1M氟硼酸锂的碳酸亚乙酯/碳酸亚丙酯(1/1重量比)溶液。
<原料的制备>
通过特公昭52-151624号公报中介绍的使用组合定子和转子构成的湿式沉降机的方法,制造聚间苯二甲酰间苯二胺的纤条体,用离解机和打浆机对该纤条体进行处理,把重量平均纤维长度调节到1.2mm。
另一方面把デユポン公司制的间位芳族聚酰胺(ノ-メツクス(注册商标)、短纤维纤度2.0旦尼尔)分别切成长度40mm和6mm,同时把帝人公司制的聚酯短纤维(テトロン(注册商标),短纤维纤度0.1旦尼尔)切成5mm长,作为隔板用原料。
实施例1
(制造隔板)
把制备的间位芳族聚酰胺短纤维(长40mm)分散在水中,制成浆液。使用该浆液,通过タツピ-式手抄机(断面积325cm2)制备片状物。接着通过金属制的压延辊在温度295℃以及线压力300kg/cm条件下对该片状物进行热压加工,得到隔板。
(加热处理)
使用热风干燥机在大气中以300℃对上述隔板进行45分钟加热处理。这时为了保持形状,对上述隔板施加重物,使隔板单位宽度的张力达到0.5g/mm,保持垂直状态。
把这样得到的隔板的主要特性值出示在表1中。
表1
特性 | 单位 | 未处理 | 300℃45分钟加热处理后 |
克重 | g/m2 | 40 | 40 |
厚度 | μm | 80 | 84 |
密度 | g/cm3 | 0.5 | 0.49 |
导电度 | mS/cm | 2.4 | 2.5 |
内部电阻 | μm | 153 | 153 |
内部电阻增加率 | % | - | 0 |
表中,电解液的导电度为4.6(mS/cm)。
实施例2
(制造隔板)
把制备的芳族聚酰胺纤条体和芳族聚酰胺短纤维(长6mm)分别分散在水中制备浆液。将这两种浆液混合,并且使纤条体与芳族聚酰胺短纤维的配合比率(重量比)达到5/95,用タツピ-式手抄机(断面积325cm2)制备片状物。接着通过金属制的压延辊在温度350℃以及线压力100kg/cm条件下对该片状物进行热压加工,得到隔板。
(加热处理)
使用热风干燥机在大气中,以300℃对上述隔板进行45分钟加热处理。这时为了保持形状,对上述隔板施加重物,使隔板单位宽度的张力达到0.5g/mm,保持垂直状态。
把这样得到的隔板的主要特性值出示在表2中。
表2
特性 | 单位 | 未处理 | 300℃45分钟加热处理后 |
克重 | g/m2 | 40 | 40 |
厚度 | μm | 133 | 134 |
密度 | g/cm3 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
导电度 | mS/cm | 1.7 | 1.8 |
内部电阻 | μm | 360 | 342 |
内部电阻增加率 | % | - | -5 |
表中,电解液的导电度为4.6(mS/cm)。
如表1和表2所示,上述实施例1、2的隔板即使在300℃下加热处理45分钟后,内部电阻也没有增加,可以认为离子种的透过性是充分的。因此可以作为电容器、电池等电气·电子部件中导电构件间的隔离板使用。
比较例1
(制造隔板)
把制备的芳族聚酰胺纤条体、间位芳族聚酰胺短纤维(长6mm)以及テトロン短纤维分别分散在水中制备浆液。将这三种浆液混合,使纤条体、芳族聚酰胺短纤维和テトロン短纤维达到表2中所示的配合比率,用タツピ-式手抄机(断面积325cm2)制备片状物。接着通过金属制的压延辊在温度230℃以及线压力300kg/cm条件下对该片状物进行热压加工,得到隔板。
把这样得到的隔板的主要特性值出示在表3中。
表3
特性 | 单位 | 未处理 | 300℃45分钟加热处理后 |
原料组成芳族聚酰胺纤条体芳族聚酰胺短纤维聚酯短纤维 | 重量% | 746.546.5 | ←←← |
克重 | g/m2 | 20 | 25 |
厚度 | μm | 33 | 28 |
密度 | g/cm3 | 0.6 | 0.9 |
导电度 | mS/cm | 0.56 | 0.05 |
内部电阻 | μm | 271 | 2576 |
内部电阻增加率 | % | - | 851 |
表中,电解液的导电度为4.6(mS/cm)。
如表3所示,上述比较例的隔板在300℃下加热处理45分钟后,内部电阻明显增加,可以认为离子种的透过性不充分。
产业上的实用性
本发明的隔板,即使在300℃下加热处理45分钟后,内部电阻也没有增加,可以认为离子种的透过性是充分的,因此可以作为电容器、电池等电气·电子部件中导电构件间的隔离板使用。使用本发明隔板的电容器、电池等电气·电子部件有以下效果,在其制造过程中,可以与含有微细孔的铝箔、活性炭等电极一起进行高温干燥,看不到由残存水分导致的对电容器、电池等电气·电子部件的电气特性产生的不良影响。
Claims (5)
1.电气电子部件用的隔板,其特征是在300℃下加热处理45分钟前后的下述计算式(1)所示内部电阻值的增加率在25%以内,
(内部电阻值)={(电解液的导电度)/(向隔板中注入电解液时的导
电度)}×(隔板的厚度)
……………………式(1)
式中,(向隔板中注入电解液时的导电度)是在向隔板中注入了电解液的状态下夹在2片电极之间,利用测定的交流阻抗计算出来的导电度。
2.根据权利要求1中所述的隔板,其特征是,是织造布、无纺布、纸或多微孔薄膜的形状。
3.根据权利要求1或2中所述的隔板,其特征是,包含以从芳族聚酰胺、全芳族聚酯、全芳族聚アゾ化合物、全芳族聚酯酰胺、全芳族聚醚、聚醚醚酮、聚苯硫醚、聚对亚苯基苯并双噻唑、聚苯并咪唑、聚对亚苯基苯并双唑、聚酰胺酰亚胺、聚酰亚胺、双马来酰亚胺·三嗪、聚マミノ双马来酰亚胺、聚四氟乙烯、陶瓷、氧化铝、二氧化硅、氧化铝氧化硅、玻璃、石棉、氮化硅、碳化硅、碳、氧化锆、钛酸钾、氧硫酸镁以及合成硅酸钙中选择的至少一种材料作为主成分的构成材料。
4.电气电子部件,其特征是使用权利要求1~3任意一项中所述的隔板作为导电构件间的隔离板而构成。
5.电气电子部件,其特征是使用在制造工序中经200℃或200℃以上温度进行加热处理的权利要求1~3任意一项中所述的隔板作为导电构件间的隔离板而构成。
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JP4728497B2 (ja) * | 2001-03-30 | 2011-07-20 | 日本バイリーン株式会社 | 電池用セパレータ及び電池 |
JP3472566B2 (ja) * | 2001-06-22 | 2003-12-02 | 正邦 荒蒔 | 歩行訓練装置及び歩行訓練方法 |
JP2003019846A (ja) * | 2001-07-10 | 2003-01-21 | Konica Corp | 画像形成装置用操作パネル及び画像形成装置 |
JP3971905B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-21 | 2007-09-05 | 三菱製紙株式会社 | 電気化学素子用セパレーターおよびその製造方法 |
JP3920600B2 (ja) * | 2001-08-22 | 2007-05-30 | デュポン帝人アドバンスドペーパー株式会社 | アラミド薄葉材、その製造方法およびそれを用いた電気・電子部品 |
JP4298215B2 (ja) * | 2002-04-11 | 2009-07-15 | 日本板硝子株式会社 | 密閉型鉛蓄電池用セパレータ |
JP2003313770A (ja) * | 2002-04-22 | 2003-11-06 | Du Pont Teijin Advanced Paper Kk | アラミド基材及びそれを用いた電気・電子部品 |
-
2004
- 2004-10-26 US US10/582,086 patent/US20070092799A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-10-26 WO PCT/JP2004/016197 patent/WO2005057689A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-10-26 KR KR1020067011370A patent/KR20070001905A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-10-26 CN CNB2004800370639A patent/CN100527477C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2004-10-26 JP JP2005516067A patent/JPWO2005057689A1/ja active Pending
- 2004-11-12 TW TW093134785A patent/TW200519145A/zh unknown
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108258172A (zh) * | 2018-01-15 | 2018-07-06 | 湘潭大学 | 一种钛酸盐耐高温隔膜及其制备方法和用途 |
CN112310557A (zh) * | 2020-11-03 | 2021-02-02 | 天津工业大学 | 一种基于粘流改性技术的聚苯硫醚基隔膜的制备方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN100527477C (zh) | 2009-08-12 |
KR20070001905A (ko) | 2007-01-04 |
TW200519145A (en) | 2005-06-16 |
US20070092799A1 (en) | 2007-04-26 |
JPWO2005057689A1 (ja) | 2007-07-05 |
WO2005057689A1 (ja) | 2005-06-23 |
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