CN1892365B - 照明装置以及包含该照明装置的显示器 - Google Patents

照明装置以及包含该照明装置的显示器 Download PDF

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CN1892365B
CN1892365B CN2006101060931A CN200610106093A CN1892365B CN 1892365 B CN1892365 B CN 1892365B CN 2006101060931 A CN2006101060931 A CN 2006101060931A CN 200610106093 A CN200610106093 A CN 200610106093A CN 1892365 B CN1892365 B CN 1892365B
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栗原慎
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Abstract

提供了一种显示器，包括：光导元件，用于混合来自蓝LED元件的光和红LED元件的光以使得从发光表面发射白光，所述蓝LED元件被混有能将蓝光转变成绿光的磷光体颗粒的半透明树脂涂覆；以及设置在光导元件的照射表面一侧的非自发光显示元件。因此，用其足够的波长区域为600nm或更大以及其强度效率高的白光照射显示元件。当显示器进一步包括分别控制红LED元件和蓝LED元件的发光强度的电路时，即使在制造后也能调节颜色平衡，并且甚至在组装之后可以容易地设置显示器的强度以及其颜色重现性。

Description

照明装置以及包含该照明装置的显示器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于照亮非自发光型显示元件的照明装置和用于电子设备的显示器。特别地，本申请涉及用于便携式信息设备、移动电话等的液晶显示器和用作照亮元件的正面光单元和背面光单元的照明装置。
背景技术
最近几年，用于移动电话、移动计算机等的大部分显示器是具有高分辨率彩色图像且低耗能的液晶显示器。用于液晶显示器的液晶元件是非自发光型，因此由照明装置用高强度的白LED作光源照亮液晶元件。
特别地，用于移动电话的是具有大孔径并传送明亮图像的反射型液晶显示器，或可以在屏幕前后两面都显示图像信息的双面可视型液晶显示器。用于照亮每个液晶显示器的显示元件的白LED具有这样的结构：里面分散了绿色或黄色磷光体的树脂直接放在由InGaN、GaN等制成的蓝LED的发光表面的前面。根据这种结构，绿光或黄光可与原始蓝光混合而得到白光。钇铝石榴石(YAG)磷光体是将蓝光转变为黄光的公知磷光体，在该YAG里掺杂有稀土元素。另外，掺杂有稀土元素的硫族化物磷光体是将蓝光以相对高的效率转变为绿光或红光的公知磷光体。例如，在JP11-121802A中公开的是其中多个发光元件布置在具有任意形状和任意面积的印刷电路板上的LED显示器，其中每个发光元件发射具有等于或小于蓝光波长的波长，在该印刷电路板上形成有电路，并且各个发光元件被包含波长转换材料的半透明树脂涂覆。
然而，在用蓝LED和YAG磷光体(伪白LED)另外混合的情况中，具有600nm或者更大的波长区域的光元素的量更少。因此，抑制了具有高的颜色重现性的LCD模块的形成。一般地，当使用伪白LED作为光源时，用现有的颜色过滤技术超过100％的NTSC比率是非常困难的。
另一方面，根据蓝光激发和蓝LED(3-波长的白LED)，使用利用两种磷光体的三种颜色的另外混合将蓝光分别转化成绿光和红光时，可实现具有高颜色重现性的LCD模块。然而，事实是还没找到具有高效率的材料作为基于蓝色激发而发射红光的磷光体。因此，通过这种结构得到的强度效率远低于伪白LED的效率，大约只有其一半。而且3-波长白LED的颜色变化非常大，因此在装配好LED组件后不能调节颜色平衡。因此，即使当各个产品(显示器)由具有相同规格的显示面板构成时，也不可能避免在各产品之间发生色差。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种用于显示器的光源，其包括600nm或者更大的充足的波长区域、具有等于或大于伪白LED的高效率，而且即使在制造后也可调节颜色平衡。
用于基于蓝光激发而发射红光的磷光体具有相对低的强度效率。另一方面，用于基于蓝光激发将蓝光转变为绿光的磷光体的实例包括由第二族金属的硫代镓酸盐和稀有金属掺杂剂构成的磷光体，并具有等于或大于YAG磷光体的强度效率。发射红光的光源的实例包括由GaP、GaAlAs、AlGaInP等制成的红LED元件。在得到蓝-绿光的光源的情况时，通过线连接电路板上的电极来安装蓝LED元件，在该电路板上形成有配线。接着，用非渗透的透明树脂完全涂覆蓝LED元件，该树脂是半透明的且和混合有将从蓝LED元件发射出来的光转变为绿光的高效率的磷光体颗粒。从蓝LED元件发射出来的光和由磷光体颗粒转变的光经受另外的颜色混合而得到蓝-绿光。当由GaP、GaAlAs、AlGaInP等构成的红LED元件进一步安装在电路板上且接通时，可以发射红(R)、绿(G)和蓝(B)三原色的所有光束。采用可控制红LED和蓝-绿光LED的光发射亮度的电路结构。
来自具有上述结构的光源通过光导元件入射到LCD上，其具有用于调节三种波长的滤色器。
附图说明
在附图中：
图1是示出了根据本发明的照明装置的光源部分的结构的示意性透视图；
图2是示出了根据本发明的照明装置的光源部分的结构的示意性横截面图；
图3是示出了常规照明装置的光谱图；
图4是示出了根据本发明的照明装置的光谱图；
图5是示出了根据本发明的照明装置整体结构的示意性横截面图；
图6是示出了根据本发明的液晶显示器结构的示意性透视图；以及
图7是示出了根据本发明的照明装置的电路结构示意性方框图。
具体实施方式
根据本发明的显示器包括：蓝-绿发光二极管组件，其包括蓝LED元件，对于该蓝LED元件装入了里面分散了磷光体的树脂；包括红LED元件的红色发光二极管组件；电路板，红发光二极管组件与蓝-绿发光二极管组件分别排列在其上；与电路板相对的光导元件，用于混合来自蓝-绿发光二极管组件的蓝-绿光和来自红色发光二极管组件的红光，以构成从光导元件的发光表面发射的白光；以及设置在光导元件的发光表面上的非自发光型显示元件。
当显示器进一步包括控制红LED元件和蓝LED元件的发光强度的电路时，可根据包括在显示元件中的滤色器的颜色平衡来控制红LED元件和蓝LED元件的发光强度。因此，可实现其强度非常高和颜色重现性高的液晶显示器。也就是说，在完成液晶显示器的制作后可测量强度和颜色级别。然后，根据测量得到的结果调节红LED和蓝-绿LED的发光强度。因此，可以容易地提供具有更好的白色平衡的液晶显示器。
用于控制发光强度的电路被分成用于红LED元件的驱动器电路和用于蓝LED元件的驱动器电路。用于红LED元件的驱动器电路包括热敏电阻器。用于蓝LED元件的驱动器电路包括电流检测电阻器。热敏电阻具有其电阻值随温度改变的特性。当调节热敏电阻器使接近于适当电流的电流流入红LED时，可以消除由于温度引起的颜色变化。使用电流检测电阻器恒定地检测流过蓝-绿LED的电流值。对应于检测到的电流值控制流过红LED的电流值。根据上述结构，因为没必要将来自在其上安装显示器的应用设备的CPU的强度调节信号转变为模拟信号，所以可以实现简单的电路结构。
此外，根据本发明的显示器包括：发射蓝光的蓝LED元件；将蓝光转变为在绿光光谱区域内具有峰值波长的绿光的磷光体；发射红光的红LED元件；具有滤色器的非自发光型显示元件，该显示元件由蓝光、绿光和红光照明；以及根据滤色器的颜色平衡来控制红LED元件和蓝LED元件的发光强度的电路，使得显示器可以得到更好的白色平衡。因此，根据滤色器的颜色平衡调节红LED元件和蓝LED元件的发光强度。因此，可以容易地提供具有较好白色平衡的液晶显示器。
蓝LED元件由InGaN或GaN的材料制成。红LED元件由GaP、GaAlAs或AlGaInP的材料制成。磷光体颗粒由包括以下至少一种的材料构成：SrGa2S4:Eu、Ca3Sc2Si3O12:Ce和Sr-SION:Eu。使用非渗透性射料作为树脂。
非渗透性材料的实例可以包括硅树脂、环烯树脂、氟树脂和环氧树脂。
根据本发明的照明装置包括：蓝-绿发光二极管组件，其包括装入了里面分散了磷光体的树脂的蓝LED元件；包括红LED元件的红发光二极管组件；电路板，红发光二极管组件与蓝-绿发光二极管组件分别排列在其上；以及与电路板相对并相邻设置的光导元件。具有这种结构，蓝-绿光和红光在光导元件中混合，由此得到白光。使用非渗透性材料作为树脂，因此改善了组件的可靠性。
(实施例1)
图1示意性地示出了根据该实施例的照明装置的外形图。如图1所示，蓝-绿LED 1和红LED 2通过焊料安装在电路板4的端子部分上。每个红LED 2的材料可从GaP、GaAlAs和AlGaInP中选择，以得到最佳波长和强度。从蓝-绿LED 1发出具有这样光谱的光，其两个峰出现在450nm至480nm的波长和520nm至550nm的波长。每个红LED 2发出的光在600nm或更大的波长中具有峰值。从蓝-绿RED 1发出的光和从红RED 2发出的光通过反射和折射混合，反射和折射在光导元件3和反射板5之间反复，结果产生的光变成白光。可基于电流值控制红LED 2和蓝-绿LED 1的发光强度。因此，即使在照明装置被组装为背光单元之后，仍能够调节白色平衡。可以使用柔性印刷板或玻璃环氧板作为电路板4。可以使用聚碳酸酯、丙烯酸等作为光导元件3的材料。银或铝可用于反射板5。
图2是示出了蓝-绿LED 1结构的示意性横截面图。导电基座11通过导电浆料或焊料等和电线电连接。由InGaN或GaN制成的蓝LED元件10通过导电浆料与导电基座11电连接。导电基座11用于增加蓝LED元件10和电线之间的电连接程度，改善热传导性或从电路板4调节高度。在满足那些条件的情况下，不是提供导电基座11。用于电流注入的两个电极(未示出)形成在蓝LED元件10上。其中一个电极通过导线6与第一电线电连接，以及另一电极通过导电基座11与第二电线电连接。当不采用导电基座11时，每个电极通过导线6与相应的电线电连接。例如，可以使用用于通常导线连接的金导线作为导线6。任何情况下，各电线与设置用于连接到电路板的电极9电连接。
蓝LED元件10、整个导电基座11以及导线6的部分或全部涂覆有半透明的非渗透性材料7。非渗透性材料7含有以预定浓度混合的磷光体颗粒8。聚合物材料例如硅树脂、环烯树脂或氟树脂可用作非渗透性材料7。可使用选自那些树脂的任一种或者可以使用由多种树脂构成的混合物。非渗透性材料不必是透明的，只需是半透明的即可。广泛使用环氧树脂。可以使用包含稀土元素或硫族化物的磷光体颗粒的YAG磷光体微粒作为磷光体颗粒8。特别地，由第二族金属的硫代镓酸盐和稀土元素掺杂剂构成的磷光体材料具有高的光转化效率。因此，该实施例以采用SrGa2S4:Eu为基础。另外，还可以使用Ca3Sc2Si3O12:Ce或Sr-SION:Eu作为磷光体颗粒8。
当以预定比例混合非渗透性材料7与磷光体颗粒8并且随后涂覆图2所示的LED 1时，由InGaN或GaN制成的蓝LED元件10发出的蓝光经波长转变后生成的绿光与蓝光经受另外的颜色混合，使得能得到具有目标色度的发光颜色。通过调节磷光体颗粒8的混合浓度、每种磷光体颗粒的平均直径和用于照射的蓝光强度可任意控制由发光颜色产生的颜色重现区域。
图5示意性地示出了根据本发明的照明装置整体结构。同时导通蓝-绿LED1和红LED 2以允许光束随后进入光导元件3。入射光束通过棱镜14均匀地传到所画横截面的上部，将棱镜14设计成具有最佳角度和最佳高度。当附加棱镜放置在光入射部分中时，在光导元件的内部中改善了红色和蓝-绿色的混合程度。光导元件和光源放置在框架13中。
图3示出了采用双-波长型伪白LED的常规照明装置的发光光谱。红色部分的波长区域是600nm或以上。红色部分的强度显著小于蓝色部分和绿色部分的每一个的强度。图4示出了具有上述结构的照明装置的发光光谱图。显然，600nm或者更大的红色发光区域12的强度明显比图3中红色部分的强度高。
(实施例2)
图6是示出了根据本发明的液晶显示器结构的示意性透视图。根据图4所示的发光光谱图具有经受了颜色调节的滤色器的LCD面板15设置在照明装置的发光表面上，因此可构成强度非常高和颜色重现性高的液晶显示器。还安装了能控制红LED 2和蓝-绿LED 1发光强度的强度调节电路。因此，通过在完成LCD模块后测量强度和颜色级别并调节红LED 2和蓝-绿LED 1的发光强度，可提供具有任意白色平衡的LCD模块。
图7是示出了根据用于本发明的显示器的照明装置的电路结构的示意性方框图。将来自恒流源16的电流提供给蓝-绿LED 18以导通蓝-绿LED 18。例如，电源23是由锂等制成的电池。用于导通红LED 22的恒定电流由运算放大器19产生。LED驱动器可用来代替运算放大器19。发光二极管和LCD面板分别具有特定的强度变化。因此，当将蓝-绿LED 18和红LED 22之间的电流值的比值设定为预定的比值时，对于每个产品白光明显不同。因此，在组装LCD模块后，可通过半固定的电阻器20在每个产品上实现颜色调节。
蓝-绿LED 18和红LED 22具有不同的温度特性。因此，温度导致的颜色变化可通过热变电阻器(热敏电阻器)21来校正。特别地，考虑到热变电阻器21的电阻值基于温度变化的事实，选择热变电阻器21，以便于将接近于最佳电流的电流流到红LED 22中。
使用电流检测电阻器17恒定地检测流过蓝-绿LED 18的电流值。对应于使用电流检测电阻器17检测到的电流值，控制流过红LED 22的电流值。当采用上述结构时，因为没必要将来自安装了该显示器的应用设备的CPU的亮度调节的逻辑信号转变为模拟信号，所以可以实现简单的电路结构。
如上所述，根据本发明的液晶显示器具有高强度和高颜色重现区域。因此，改善了显示图像的颜色补偿特性并可基于电流值调节白色平衡。

Claims (8)

1.一种显示装置，包括：
蓝LED元件，它发射蓝光；
磷光体颗粒，它将所述蓝光转换成绿光；
蓝-绿LED组件，它包括装入了里面分散了所述磷光体颗粒的树脂的所述蓝LED元件；
红LED组件，它包括红LED元件，所述红LED元件发射红光；
具有滤色器的非自发光型的显示元件，由混合所述蓝光、所述绿光和所述红光而产生的白光照亮所述显示元件；
用于所述红LED元件的第一驱动器电路，包括用于校正由于温度引起的颜色变化的热敏电阻；
用于所述蓝LED元件的第二驱动器电路；以及
包括所述第一驱动器电路和所述第二驱动器电路的电路，所述电路控制所述红LED元件和所述蓝LED元件的发光强度以使所述显示装置能得到更好白平衡。
2.根据权利要求1的显示装置，其中，
所述蓝LED元件由InGaN和GaN其中之一的材料制成；
所述红LED元件由选自包括GaP、GaAlAs和AlGaInP组成的组中的材料制成；
所述磷光体颗粒包含选自由SrGa2S4:Eu、Ca3Sc2Si3O12:Ce和Sr-SION:Eu组成的组中的至少一个。
3.根据权利要求1的显示装置，其中，所述树脂为非渗透性材料。
4.根据权利要求3的显示装置，其中所述非渗透性材料包含选自由硅树脂、环烯树脂、含氟树脂和环氧树脂组成的组中的至少一个。
5.根据权利要求1的显示装置，其中，
用于所述蓝LED元件的所述第二驱动器电路包括电流检测电阻。
6.一种照明装置，包括：
蓝LED元件，它发射蓝光；
磷光体颗粒，它将所述蓝光转换成绿光；
蓝-绿LED组件，它包括装入了里面分散了所述磷光体颗粒的树脂的所述蓝LED元件；
红LED组件，它包括红LED元件，所述红LED元件发射红光；
光导构件，用于由混合来自所述蓝LED元件的所述蓝光、来自所述磷光体颗粒的所述绿光和来自所述红LED元件的所述红光而产生白光；
用于所述红LED元件的第一驱动器电路，包括用于校正由于温度引起的颜色变化的热敏电阻；
用于所述蓝LED元件的第二驱动器电路；以及
包括所述第一驱动器电路和所述第二驱动器电路的电路，所述电路控制所述红LED元件和所述蓝LED元件的发光强度以使所述照明装置能得到更好白平衡。
7.根据权利要求6的照明装置，其中，
所述蓝LED元件由InGaN和GaN之一的材料制成；
所述红LED元件由选自由GaP、GaAlAs和AlGaInP组成的组中的材料制成；以及
所述磷光体颗粒包含选自由SrGa2S4:Eu、Ca3Sc2Si3O12:Ce和Sr-SION:Eu组成的组中的至少一个。
8.根据权利要求6的照明装置，其中，
用于所述蓝LED元件的所述第二驱动器电路包括电流检测电阻。
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US20060289880A1 (en) 2006-12-28

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