CN1887044A - Factory cotton seedling raising process - Google Patents
Factory cotton seedling raising process Download PDFInfo
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- CN1887044A CN1887044A CNA2006100889675A CN200610088967A CN1887044A CN 1887044 A CN1887044 A CN 1887044A CN A2006100889675 A CNA2006100889675 A CN A2006100889675A CN 200610088967 A CN200610088967 A CN 200610088967A CN 1887044 A CN1887044 A CN 1887044A
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Abstract
The factory cotton seedling raising process is one combination of factory facility protection and no-soil cotton seedling raising, the factory facility is for concentrated protection of seedlings and the no-soil cotton seedling raising can ensure the high quality of cotton seedlings. The factory cotton seedling raising process includes adopting greenhouse to eliminate the effect of bad weather condition and other adverse conditions, no-soil cotton seedling raising, sound seedling management, chemical treatment of the no-soil culture medium, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the factorial seedling-culturing method that grows cotton, belong to the agricultural field of growing seedlings.
Background technology
In Cotton in China was produced, soil property nutrition bowl seedling transplanting technology was an advanced practical cotton culture technology, uses throughout the year and accounts for 40%～60% of the cotton field gross area.It has certain facilitation to cotton prematurity is precocious with raising output.Yet, soil property nutrition bowl seedling transplanting technology has exposed many problem demanding prompt solutions along with development of social production: need to make alms bowl in 1. growing seedlings, the alms bowl body is inconvenient to transplant owing to load is heavy, thereby have and need a large amount of labours, not laborsaving saving of labor growing seedlings and transplant two links; 2. alms bowl soil zone bacterium in growing seedlings causes the seed sprouting difficulty, a little less than emerging, and the difficulty of keeping a full stand of seedings, Qi Miaonan, emerging in growing seedlings has a big risk; The alms bowl body easily looses in transplanting in addition, and available seedling is few before causing transplanting; So must strengthen system alms bowl amount and seeding quantity, and cause the increase of seedbed land used and sowing quantity, can not economize to greatest extent with economizing and plant; 3. technology serious " degeneration ", the alms bowl body is little, and the alms bowl body is thin; Labor management is extensive, and seedling is little, a little less than the seedling; 4. add and to carry out factorial seedling growth and mechanization transplanting operation, need pay lot of manpower and material resources.Final nutrition bowl seedling transplanting volume increase, promotion are early sent out a precocious function and are weakened a lot, more and more the demand of incompatibility new century Cotton Production.
In order to give full play to the effect of seedling raising and transplanting, reach the cotton volume increase, promote early to send out precocious effect, and solve the unfavorable problem of its exposure.Its solution route must be from the source, must make promptly that seedling growing process further improves and innovation in the seedling raising and transplanting: 1. reduce the carrier of growing seedlings, few seedlings and soil or soilless-cultivated seedling reduce seedling cost, reduce the risk of growing seedlings, the convenient transplanting; Laborsaving saving of labor; 2. improve the quality of growing seedlings, improve planting percent, increase strong sprout, guarantee full stand, Qi Miao, economize ground and economize kind; 3. can realize not having soil or root-naked transplanting or mechanization transplanting.
The factorial seedling growth of China is along with the research and development of various places greenhouse technology, booth technology are used on plants such as some vegetables, flowers and fruit to some extent, but for example the cotton application is also fewer in conjunction with some field crops.Requirement along with social development of science and technology and epoch, existing raising seedling of cotton technology has obtained more research and development under the drive of related scientific research unit, for example little alms bowl is grown seedlings, and paper pot is grown seedlings, reed pipe is grown seedlings, water planting is grown seedlings, grow seedlings to soilless substrate, and progressively develops to factorial seedling growth.Yet, because factory's type of growing seedlings is also scarcely the same with technical parameter, the risk of growing seedlings often appears in carrying out raising seedling of cotton, cause the decline of the quality of growing seedlings, cause transplanting quality.Therefore, promptly need a kind of systematized seedling growing process to instruct the cotton factorial seedling growth, be suitable for guaranteeing all kinds of seedling cultivation greenhouses of growing seedlings, big seedling growth greenhouse and small-sized shed, and the technical parameter of technology factory type, further develop the raising seedling of cotton transplantation technique, improve and innovation service society and cotton grower.
The application's technical staff is being engaged in the cotton culture Study on Technology always, applied for cotton " two do not have two changes " culture technique (application number 2004100454890), and a kind of Cultivation of Cotton Seedlings Without Soil matrix and two inventions of application (application number 03149367X) thereof, on this basis, the technical staff continues in-depth research, develop the factorial seedling-culturing method that grows cotton, this technology combines the characteristics of factory management and cotton self seedling growing process, further improve and reform current raising seedling of cotton transplantation technique, and be applied to the vast suitable cotton region that plants.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide the factorial seedling-culturing method that grows cotton; this method combines the characteristics of factory management and cotton self seedling growing process; help saving cotton seed, improve the seed planting percent and obtain strong sprout; help saving the raising seedling of cotton land used; help carrying out scale breeding, and realize the naked seedling non-soil replanting of cotton seedling.
The assurance of cotton factorial seedling-culturing method industrializing facility protection of the present invention and Cultivation of Cotton Seedlings Without Soil technology combines and forms, and the industrializing facility protection is meant and utilizes batch production equipment concentrated protection seedling raising process; The assurance of Cultivation of Cotton Seedlings Without Soil technology is meant in conjunction with the raising seedling of cotton growth characteristic and guarantees the whole process quality of growing seedlings.
In order to realize the object of the invention, cotton factorial seedling-culturing method of the present invention comprises the steps:
1) before the cotton seedling of transplanting 2～3 true leaves of leaf age 25～30 day, seedbed upper seeding wheel cotton kind in factorial seedling growth equipment, the control seedling bed temperature is between 18～33 ℃, when cotton seed encircles native rate when surpassing 50%, ventilation and heat, 18～33 ℃ of control bed surface temperature, what wherein the seedbed was used is soilless raising seedling substrate, and adds seed manure 4～7.5kg by every cubic metre of matrix;
2) extremely transplanted preceding 5～8 days at neat young plant Ye Pingzhan, controll day, mean temperature was 20～28 ℃, the control water content of substrate is 12～25%, adds cotton rooting promoter, plant nutrition liquid respectively or help in the strong element one or more in matrix, and addition is respectively 1～4 liter in every square meter seedbed;
3) before transplanting 5～8 days during, ventilate, transplanted preceding 2～5 days, spray to send and transfer fertilizer; Transplanted preceding 2～3 days, and sprayed leaf-protecting agent to cotton seedling leaf, the amount of spraying is 0.2～1 liter in every square meter seedbed.
Factorial seedling growth equipment of the present invention can be modern greenhouse, plastics or brick wall booth, small-sized shed.This equipment have heat, rainproof, printing opacity, ventilation function, have water feeding and draining device.Utilize factorial seedling growth equipment concentrated protection seedling raising process; be meant the bad climate and the unfavorable conditions that utilize batch production equipment to evade in the growth and development process of raising seedling of cotton, to occur, thereby the protection raising seedling of cotton grows and cultivates into the seedling process in strong sprout.
Because in the suitable district of raising seedling of cotton transplantation technique; seedling raise period is that mid-March is to mid-April; this period in the China that is located in the Northern Hemisphere on the occasion of at the end of spring and the beginning of summer; meteorological condition is comparatively complicated; the low temperature cold wind and the rainfall in existing early spring have the high temperature and the hot gas in summer again, so utilize industrializing facility protection seedling raising process; and carry out evading of bad climate and unfavorable conditions in conjunction with cotton growth development characteristics and soilless-cultivated seedling technical characterictic, the Cultivation of Cotton Seedlings Without Soil technical guarantee is provided.Can guarantee the neat seedling technology of sowing cotton seed early seedlings culture, strong sprout the full stand technology and plant before the performance of administrative skill.
Cultivation of Cotton Seedlings Without Soil technical guarantee of the present invention is meant that the full stand administrative skill was grown seedlings and planted the comprehensive use of preceding administrative skill strong sprout by carry out factorial seedling growth sowing, early seedlings culture, tidy seedlings output technology in seedling raising process.
Factorial seedling growth sowing, early seedlings culture, tidy seedlings output technology belong to seedling management early stage, seedling management be meant in earlier stage be seeded into tidy seedlings output, cotyledon open and flat during, at first the suitable seeding in nursery bed time of GPRS, rob planting early enough; Will be after mapping out transplanting time, by 2～3 true leaves of leaf age of suitable cotton transplantation of seedlings, sowing in 25～30 days is with short seedling early before transplanting time.Utilize soilless raising seedling substrate to emerge together at seeding time, it is fast to emerge, anti-seedling diseases, thus obtain the effect of the neat seedling of seedling early.
Importantly, at first the suitable seeding in nursery bed time of GPRS, rob planting early enough; Behind the plan transplanting time, by 2～3 true leaves of leaf age of suitable cotton transplantation of seedlings, sowing in 25～30 days is with short seedling early before transplanting time.
After determining the sowing time, how in the greenhouse, select for use physical features higher in brick wall, plastic tunnel or the small-sized shed, irrigation and drainage are convenient, and the place of being convenient to manage is as the bed location, with the smooth compacting in bed location, can on the location, directly build up nursery pond, also can place seedling culture hole plate, or place grow seedlings frame and seedling-raising box, as the seedbed.
Wherein nursery pond and seedling culture hole plate will be spread impervious material, and for example plastic film etc. is good all around, loads soilless raising seedling substrate in nursery pond and seedling culture hole plate.
One of described soilless raising seedling substrate composition is a vermiculite, form by one or more no local product matter in vermiculite and river sand, perlite, agricultural crop straw powder, sawdust or the plant shell powder, can mix arbitrarily, these no local product matter are graininess, the soilless raising seedling substrate that mixes need have following index: particle diameter order number is at 10～40 orders, after evenly mixing, unit weight 0.10～0.80g/cm
3, proportion 2.5～2.7g/cm
3, total porosity 50～105%, ventilating slit 10～30%, capillary trachea 40～75%, WGR 3～4.Physicochemical character is good, and through disinfecting, thickness is 8～10cm, add seed manure, comprise become thoroughly decomposed chicken manure or other animal wastes, every cubic metre of matrix adds 3～6kg, also comprise in potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium sulfate or two ammoniums one or more, every cubic metre of matrix adds 1～1.5kg; Water vola water, with hold the agglomerating moisture of matrix just not seepage flow be as the criterion, can sow.
Need not spread impervious material at seedling-raising box, other operations are the same.
During sowing, selected cotton seed, percentage of seedgermination reaches national industry regulation, thickness of sowing is suitable, can strengthen and reduce seeding quantity by a certain percentage according to the height of germination rate of cotton seed, sowing takes plant formula 2～5cm * 5～10cm to dispose (wherein the cave packing is according to 1 the strong seed in cave hole dimension 1 cave), and seeding quantity is 300～600/m
2, final seedbed number of seedling is controlled at 300～450 strains/m
2, seed level 2.5～4cm, after planting, floating bed surface, light suppression covers plastic film and heats and prevent the loss of moisture, control bed body substrate temperature between 18～33 ℃, and in 3～10 days thereafter, observe cotton seed in the matrix germination, take root and encircle native situation, when cotton seed encircles native rate when surpassing 50%, in time take plastic film off, ventilation and heat prevents in the greenhouse, brick wall or plastic tunnel heat the too fast burning seedling that causes in the small-sized shed.Because the soilless raising seedling substrate physicochemical character is good, be not with the soil germ, it is fast to emerge after cotton seed is sowed early, emerge, Yi Qimiao and be difficult for taking place seedling diseases.Thereby guarantee that emerging of seed is fast, dead seedling is few, saves the seed and the land used of growing seedlings.
Work as the greenhouse, brick wall or plastic tunnel, in the small-sized shed after planting cotton seedling arrived cotyledon open and flat after, cotton seedling is carried out full stand administrative skill in effective strong sprout.Described strong sprout the full stand administrative skill, be meant in seedling management mid-term, cotton seedling is during neat young plant Ye Pingzhan extremely transplants about preceding 1 week (5～8 days), note seedbed temperature control control water, daily mean temperature is controlled at 20～28 ℃, and water content of substrate reaches the effect that cotton seedling " is done long root " 12～25%, at the control water content of substrate simultaneously, also will carry out the necessary extensive use of chemical fedtilizers and other farm chemical to cotton seedling handles.
The so-called extensive use of chemical fedtilizers and other farm chemical is handled, promptly using chemical substance to regulate grows seedlings, the cotton rooting promoter that adds 1～4 liter by every square meter seedbed respectively, plant nutrition liquid, help chemical substances such as strong cellulose solution, the cotton rooting promoter is by containing methyl (NAA) 0.05～5ppm, indolebutyric acid (IBA) 0.05～5ppm, 6-benzylamino adenine (6-BA) 0.05～5ppm, cytokinin (KT) 0.05～5ppm and 2,4-dichlorphenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) the aqueous solution of one or more compositions among 0.005～0.1ppm, plant nutrition liquid is by the phosphoric acid potassium dihydrogen, potassium nitrate, the aqueous solution of one or more compositions in ammonium sulfate or two ammoniums, wherein contain N150～300ppm, P25～50ppm, K150～300ppm, helping strong element is the aqueous solution of 5～15ppm concentration, helping strong plain active ingredient is 1,1-lupetidin chloride, therefore contain 1, the muriatic material of 1-lupetidin also can be used for strong sprout.
Cultivate strong sprout, the hardening of often ventilating, and note the ventilation and heat that the factorial seedling growth facility is interior, or light filling, strengthening seedling matter effect, control seedbed damage by disease and insect is saved seedling from damage, strengthens seedbed full stand management, reduces disease seedling death rate, to save seedling from damage.When making cotton seedling to the 2～3 leaf left and right sides, the red green ratio of cotton seedling overground part is less than 3: 1, and height of seedling is less than 20cm, dark green leaf color, and the underground 5 centimetres of inboard radicals of single seedling are greater than 20.Thereby guarantee further to reach the seed and space saving purpose by transplanting survival rate strong sprout before obtaining to plant.
Described growing seedlings planted preceding administrative skill, is meant when growing seedlings seedling age about 25 days, 2～3 true leaves of leaf age, in the time of can transplanting, before transplanting, about 1 week (5～8 days), select sunny weather to carry out the hardening management, little ventilation earlier, in the progressively big ventilation in two ends, if night is sunny, the minimum air temperature is greater than 14 ℃, can remove the greenhouse evening, brick wall or plastic tunnel, ventilation by forced draft is carried out at the top of small-sized shed and two ends.Management comprised also that planting takes a step forward the cotton seedling extensive use of chemical fedtilizers and other farm chemical is handled before factorial seedling growth was planted.
Transplanted preceding 2～5 days, and can and grow seedlings to spray to send in conjunction with the growth of cereal crop seedlings and transfer fertilizer.Described sending transferred fertile one or both the aqueous solution in phosphoric acid potassium dihydrogen 0.3～0.6% or the urea 0.5～1.5%, and the amount of spraying is 0.2～1 liter in every square meter seedbed.
Transplanted preceding 2～3 days, cotton seedling leaf sprays the leaf-protecting agent of anti-blade face transpiration, the amount of spraying is 0.2～1 liter in every square meter seedbed, and used leaf-protecting agent is by one or more aqueous solution of forming that contain among oxine 1～10ppm, polyethylene glycol 1～20ppm, the a-methyl 0.01～5ppm.Execute before accomplishing to plant, plant the back and use.
Cotton factorial seedling-culturing method of the present invention; combine by industrializing facility protection and Cultivation of Cotton Seedlings Without Soil technical guarantee and to form; modern greenhouse; plastics or brick wall booth; small-sized shed is evaded bad climate and the unfavorable conditions that occurs in the growth and development process of raising seedling of cotton; the Cultivation of Cotton Seedlings Without Soil technical guarantee is included in carries out factorial seedling growth early seedlings culture tidy seedlings output technology in the seedling raising process; strong sprout the full stand administrative skill; grow seedlings and plant the comprehensive use of preceding administrative skill; use soilless raising seedling substrate to grow seedlings at seedling raising process; the extensive use of chemical fedtilizers and other farm chemical is handled; obtain full stand effect and effect after planting in good strong sprout; help saving cotton seed; improve the seed planting percent and obtain strong sprout; help saving the raising seedling of cotton land used, help carrying out scale breeding, and realize the naked seedling non-soil replanting of cotton seedling.
Embodiment
Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Potted plantly build up each one of plastic tunnel and small-sized shed in March, 2005 respectively in Cotton Inst., Chinese Agricultural Academy, build one in greenhouse in Hubei Agricultural Machinery Design institute 1～March in 2005.Wherein booth is long 20 meters, and east-west, wide 4.6 meters, high 1.8 meters, framework is built winding with trees, bamboo stalk and bamboo skin, firmly is connected with rope with iron wire, covers with plastic foil, the work of growing seedlings of promptly can the booth inherence being correlated with; 25 meters of its 8 meters of medium temperature chamber's steel skeleton span, length, agent structure is: the hot-galvanized steel skeleton, the equipment of going along with sb. to guard him has: do not have film, draw-in groove, the jump ring of dripping, window and change film system etc., prepare related system, inside and outside shading system, wet curtain system, irrigation system.Form both sides window, above put in a skylight the greenhouse that can connect arbitrarily.At the beginning of 5 months, the plan sowing time by the end of March by the end of April for the plan transplanting time.Divide north and south two parts in booth, middle 0.6 meter is path, and a location is carried out in the south, and is wide about 1.8 meters, spread plastic film as impervious material, build two seedbeds, one is the nursery pond seedbed, the wide 0.7m in pond, dark 0.12m, one is dish seedbed, cave, the cave dish is (128 holes of 53cm * 34cm * 8cm); Grow seedlings frame and seedling-raising box are placed in the northern half, and frame is high 1.5 meters, divides three layers, and seedling-raising box (53cm * 34cm * 13cm).In the greenhouse, select the high slightly local bed of doing of physical features, build up or place nursery pond, seedling culture hole plate respectively and the frame seedling-raising box of growing seedlings with booth.In nursery pond, seedling culture hole plate and seedling-raising box, load onto soilless raising seedling substrate, matrix is based on the graininess vermiculite, composite portion river sand, perlite and agricultural crop straw powder constituent, umber vermiculite by volume wherein: river sand: perlite: stalk powder is 5: 4: 0.5: 0.5, after evenly mixing, soilless raising seedling substrate particle diameter 20 ± 5 orders, unit weight 0.80g/cm
3, proportion 2.59g/cm
3, total porosity 89.1%, ventilating slit 20%, capillary trachea 69.1%, WGR 3.45, thickness are 8cm.Add seed manure before the sowing, seed manure comprises that the every cubic metre of matrix of chicken manure of becoming thoroughly decomposed adds 5kg, comprises potassium dihydrogen phosphate and two ammoniums, and every cubic metre of matrix adds 0.5kg and 1kg.Matrix is mended moisture in the soil, with hold the agglomerating moisture of matrix just not seepage flow be as the criterion, rob fine sowing, experimental cultivar is middle cotton institute 46, wherein nursery pond and 420 ± 20/m of seedling-raising box thickness of sowing
2, 1 in seedling culture hole plate 1 cave, after planting, floating bed surface, light suppression covers plastic film and heats and prevent the loss of moisture, and control bed body substrate temperature is between 28 ± 2 ℃, and in 3～10 days thereafter, observe cotton seed in the matrix germination, take root and encircle native situation, when cotton seed encircles native rate when surpassing 50%, in time take plastic film off, ventilation and heat, prevent that in the greenhouse brick wall or plastic tunnel heat the too fast burning seedling that causes in the small-sized shed.When little shed is grown seedlings, build up a location earlier, arrange the dish sowing of nursery pond or cave, nursery pond or the same operation of cave dish yardstick are after planting built little shed in the outside, seedbed with bamboo leather rope rope and plastic film again and are got final product.
Behind the sowing tidy seedlings output, investigation nursery pond and seedling-raising box, several 360 ± 20/m of emerging
2, each seedling culture hole plate emergence rate is 85 ± 5%, has as seen reached to sow neat seedling effect preferably.Subsequently plastic tunnel and small-sized shed are carried out the full stand administrative skill in strong sprout of cotton factorial seedling growth, cotton seedling arrived cotyledon open and flat after, plastic tunnel and small-sized shed are adopted little ventilation, note seedbed temperature control control water, daily mean temperature is controlled at 24 ± 2 ℃, water content of substrate is 20 ± 1%, reach the effect that cotton seedling " is done long root ", at the control water content of substrate simultaneously, and cotton seedling is carried out the extensive use of chemical fedtilizers and other farm chemical handle, in open and flat back 3 days of the cotyledon, the every square meter of pouring cotton rooting promoter seedbed adds 3 liters, and wherein the cotton rooting promoter is by containing methyl 0.1ppm, the aqueous solution of indolebutyric acid 1ppm and 6-benzylamino adenine 0.05ppm is formed, spray the plain aqueous solution in 5ppm strong sprout during 1 leaf, 1 heart, every square meter seedbed adds 2 liters, and 2 leaves between nursery stage are by the plant nutrition liquid of 3 liters of every square meter seedbed addings, plant nutrition liquid is by potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the aqueous solution that potassium nitrate and ammonium sulfate are formed, wherein contain N 200ppm, P 30ppm, K 300ppm.When cotton seedling during to the 2 leaf left and right sides, the red green ratio of cotton seedling overground part is less than 3: 1, and height of seedling is less than 20cm, dark green leaf color, and underground 5 centimetres of inboard radicals are greater than 20.Disease light or nothing in seedbed has guaranteed full stand basically.Often ventilation and heat is controlled wet temperature control.Strengthen the management in strong sprout, reduce dead seedling and weak seedling rate in the management.
1 week beginning before transplanting is noted and reinforcement cotton factorial seedling growth is planted preceding administrative skill, selects sunny weather to carry out the hardening management, little ventilation earlier, the big ventilation in two ends again is at the sunny weather of the minimum air temperature during greater than 14 ℃, can remove booth and small-sized shed top plastic evening, a hardening of drying in the air.Plant and sprayed the aqueous solution that contains 0.6% potassium dihydrogen phosphate in preceding 3 days and transfer fertilizer as sending, every square meter seedbed is sprayed 0.2 liter.Transplanted preceding 2 days, cotton seedling leaf sprays the leaf-protecting agent of anti-blade face transpiration, and used leaf-protecting agent is the aqueous solution that contains 6ppm oxine and 10ppm polyethylene glycol, and every square meter seedbed is sprayed 0.5 liter.Execute before accomplishing to plant, plant the back and use.
Embodiment 2
Factorial seedling growth equipment is with embodiment 1, and different is, in seedling management early stage, preceding 28 days of the cotton seedling of transplanting 3 true leaves of leaf age, sows 560 ± 20/m of thickness of sowing
2Used soilless raising seedling substrate is by graininess vermiculite, river sand, perlite and plant shell powder constituent, wherein umber vermiculite by volume: river sand: perlite: plant shell powder is 4.5: 2.5: 2.5: 1, after evenly mixing, soilless raising seedling substrate particle diameter 30 ± 10 orders, unit weight 0.6g/cm
3, proportion 2.55g/cm
3, total porosity 75%, ventilating slit 15%, capillary trachea 60%, WGR 4, thickness are 10cm.Also adding seed manure, specifically is that every cubic metre of matrix adds 3kg animal waste, 0.5kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.5kg ammonium sulfate two ammoniums.Substrate temperature is between 20 ± 2 ℃.
In seedling management mid-term, the seedbed daily mean temperature is controlled at 22 ± 2 ℃, water content is 14 ± 1%, in open and flat back 3 days of the cotyledon, 2 liters of cotton rooting promoters of every square meter seedbed pouring, wherein the cotton rooting promoter is the 0.05ppm methyl, 0.1ppm 6-benzylamino adenine, 0.05ppm cytokinin and 0.005ppm 2, the aqueous solution that the 4-dichlorphenoxyacetic acid is formed sprays plain 10ppm in strong sprout during 1 leaf, 1 heart, every square meter seedbed adds 1.5 liters, 2 leaves between nursery stage, by the plant nutrition liquid of 4 liters of every square meter seedbed addings, plant nutrition liquid is a potassium dihydrogen phosphate, the aqueous solution that potassium nitrate and two ammoniums are formed wherein contains N 150ppm, P 25ppm, K 200ppm.
Planting preceding administration period (transplanting preceding 5 days), planting and sprayed the aqueous solution that contains 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 1% urea in preceding 3 days and transfer fertilizer, 0.5 liter in every square meter seedbed as sending.Transplanted preceding 2 days, cotton seedling leaf sprays the leaf-protecting agent of anti-blade face transpiration, and used leaf-protecting agent is the oxine that contains 3ppm, the polyethylene glycol of 5ppm and the aqueous solution of 2ppm a-methyl, 1 liter in every square meter seedbed.Execute before accomplishing to plant, plant the back and use.
Embodiment 3
Factorial seedling growth equipment is with embodiment 1, and different is, in seedling management early stage, preceding 25 days of the cotton seedling of transplanting 2 true leaves of leaf age, sows 350 ± 20/m of thickness of sowing
2Used soilless raising seedling substrate is made up of graininess vermiculite, river sand, agricultural crop straw powder and sawdust, wherein umber vermiculite by volume: river sand: stalk powder: sawdust is 3.5: 3: 1.5: 2, after evenly mixing, soilless raising seedling substrate particle diameter 20 ± 10 orders, unit weight 0.1g/cm
3, proportion 2.5g/cm
3, total porosity 54%, ventilating slit 12%, capillary trachea 42%, WGR 3.5, thickness are 8cm.Also adding seed manure, specifically is that every cubic metre of matrix adds 6kg animal waste, 0.5kg potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.5kg ammonium sulfate two ammoniums and 0.5kg two ammoniums.Substrate temperature is between 25 ± 2 ℃.
In seedling management mid-term, the seedbed daily mean temperature is controlled at 26 ± 2 ℃, water content is 18 ± 1%, in open and flat back 3 days of the cotyledon, 2.5 liters of cotton rooting promoters of every square meter seedbed pouring, wherein the cotton rooting promoter is the 0.05ppm indolebutyric acid, the aqueous solution that 5ppm methyl and 5ppm 6-benzylamino adenine are formed, spray the plain aqueous solution in strong sprout of 15ppm during 1 leaf, 1 heart, every square meter seedbed adds 1 liter, and 2 leaves between nursery stage are by the plant nutrition liquid of 2 liters of every square meter seedbed addings, plant nutrition liquid is by potassium dihydrogen phosphate, potassium nitrate, the aqueous solution that ammonium sulfate and two ammoniums are formed, wherein contain N 300ppm, P 50ppm, K 250ppm.
Planting preceding administration period (transplanting preceding 7 days), plant and sprayed the aqueous solution that contains 0.5% urea and 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate in preceding 2 days and transfer fertilizer as sending, 1 liter in every square meter seedbed, cotton seedling leaf sprays the leaf-protecting agent of anti-blade face transpiration, used leaf-protecting agent is to contain the oxine for 10ppm, the polyethylene glycol of 20ppm and the aqueous solution that 0.01ppm a-methyl is formed, 0.2 liter in every square meter seedbed.
Embodiment 4
Factorial seedling growth equipment is with embodiment 1, different is, at seedling management in earlier stage, preceding 30 days of the cotton seedling of transplanting 3 true leaves of leaf age, to sow, used soilless raising seedling substrate is made up of graininess vermiculite and river sand, umber vermiculite by volume wherein: river sand is 6: 4, after evenly mixing, soilless raising seedling substrate particle diameter 40 orders, unit weight 0.4g/cm
3, proportion 2.7g/cm
3, total porosity 105%, ventilating slit 30%, capillary trachea 75%, WGR 2.5, thickness are 10cm.Also adding seed manure, specifically is that every side's matrix adds 4kg become thoroughly decomposed chicken manure, 1kg ammonium sulfate two ammoniums and 0.5kg ammonium sulfate two ammoniums.Substrate temperature is between 26 ± 2 ℃.
In seedling management mid-term, the seedbed daily mean temperature is controlled at 25 ± 2 ℃, water content is 22 ± 1%, in open and flat back 3 days of the cotyledon, 4 liters of cotton rooting promoters of every square meter seedbed pouring, wherein the cotton rooting promoter is the 3ppm methyl, 5ppm cytokinin and 0.1ppm 2, the aqueous solution that the 4-dichlorphenoxyacetic acid is formed sprays plain 8ppm in strong sprout during 1 leaf, 1 heart, every square meter seedbed adds 2 liters, 2 leaves between nursery stage, by the plant nutrition liquid of 2 liters of every square meter seedbed addings, the aqueous solution that plant nutrition liquid is made up of potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ammonium sulfate wherein contains N 180ppm, P 40ppm, K 150ppm.
Planting preceding administration period (transplanting preceding 5 days), planting and sprayed 1.5% aqueous solution of urea, 0.2 liter in every square meter seedbed in preceding 3 days.Transplanted preceding 2 days, cotton seedling leaf sprays the leaf-protecting agent of anti-blade face transpiration, and used leaf-protecting agent is to contain the oxine for 5ppm, the polyethylene glycol of 15ppm and the aqueous solution that 5ppm a-methyl is formed, 0.4 liter in every square meter seedbed.
Though above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements all belong to the scope of protection of present invention without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1, the factorial seedling-culturing method that grows cotton is characterized in that this method comprises the steps:
1) before the cotton seedling of transplanting 2～3 true leaves of leaf age 25～30 day, seedbed upper seeding wheel cotton kind in factorial seedling growth equipment, the control seedling bed temperature is between 18～33 ℃, when cotton seed encircles native rate when surpassing 50%, ventilation and heat, 18～33 ℃ of control bed surface temperature, what wherein the seedbed was used is soilless raising seedling substrate, and adds seed manure 4～7.5kg by every cubic metre of matrix;
2) extremely transplanted preceding 5～8 days at neat young plant Ye Pingzhan, controll day, mean temperature was 20～28 ℃, the control water content of substrate is 12～25%, adds cotton rooting promoter, plant nutrition liquid respectively or help in the strong element one or more in matrix, and addition is respectively 1～4 liter in every square meter seedbed;
3) before transplanting 5～8 days during, ventilate, transplanted preceding 2～5 days, spray to send and transfer fertilizer; Transplanted preceding 2～3 days, and sprayed leaf-protecting agent to cotton seedling leaf, the amount of spraying is 0.2～1 liter in every square meter seedbed.
2, cotton factorial seedling-culturing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described factorial seedling growth equipment is any one in greenhouse, plastic tunnel, brick wall booth or the small-sized shed.
3, cotton factorial seedling-culturing method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described seedbed is nursery pond, seedling culture hole plate, in the groove of growing seedlings, grow seedlings frame or seedling-raising box any one, described nursery pond and seedling culture hole plate shop impervious material.
4, cotton factorial seedling-culturing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, plant formula 2～5cm * 5～10cm is taked in sowing, and seeding quantity is 300～600/m
2
5, according to any one described cotton factorial seedling-culturing method of claim 1～4, it is characterized in that, one of described soilless raising seedling substrate composition is a vermiculite, is made up of one or more no local product matter in vermiculite and river sand, perlite, agricultural crop straw powder, sawdust or the plant shell powder.
6, cotton factorial seedling-culturing method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, the particle diameter order number of described soilless raising seedling substrate is at 10～40 orders, unit weight 0.10～0.80g/cm
3, proportion 2.5～2.7g/cm
3, total porosity 50～105%, ventilating slit 10～30%, capillary trachea 40～75%, WGR 2.5～4.
7, cotton factorial seedling-culturing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described seed manure comprises become thoroughly decomposed chicken manure or other animal wastes, every cubic metre of matrix adds 3～6kg, and in potassium dihydrogen phosphate, ammonium sulfate or two ammoniums one or more, every cubic metre of matrix adds 1～1.5kg.
8, cotton factorial seedling-culturing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described cotton rooting promoter is served as reasons and is contained methyl 0.05～5ppm, indolebutyric acid 0.05～5ppm, 6-benzylamino adenine 0.05～5ppm, cytokinin 0.05～5ppm and 2, the aqueous solution of one or more compositions among 4-dichlorphenoxyacetic acid 0.005～0.1ppm, described plant nutrition liquid is by the phosphoric acid potassium dihydrogen, potassium nitrate, the aqueous solution of one or more compositions in ammonium sulfate or two ammoniums, wherein contain N 150～300ppm, P25～50ppm, K150～300ppm; It is described that to help strong element be the aqueous solution of 5～15ppm concentration.
9, cotton factorial seedling-culturing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described sending transferred fertile one or both the aqueous solution in phosphoric acid potassium dihydrogen 0.3～0.6% or the urea 0.5～1.5%, and the amount of spraying is 0.2～1 liter in every square meter seedbed.
10, cotton factorial seedling-culturing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described leaf-protecting agent is by one or more aqueous solution of forming that contain among oxine 1～10ppm, polyethylene glycol 1～20ppm or the a-methyl 0.01～5ppm.
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| CN2006100889675A CN1887044B (en) | 2006-07-27 | 2006-07-27 | Factory cotton seedling raising process |
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| CN2006100889675A CN1887044B (en) | 2006-07-27 | 2006-07-27 | Factory cotton seedling raising process |
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| CN1887044B CN1887044B (en) | 2010-09-08 |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101810092A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2010-08-25 | 山东农业大学 | Plug seedling method for mulching plastic film on heliogreenhouse cucumber in winter and early spring |
| CN101379919B (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2011-08-10 | 操宇琳 | Cotton seedling raising transplantation method |
| CN103621388A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-03-12 | 李春娣 | Soilless cultivation seedling method for vegetables |
| CN103636375A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-03-19 | 谭飞鸿 | Seedling cultivation method for preserved vegetables |
| CN106007969A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-12 | 扬州大学 | Seedling germination accelerant for culturing seedlings on substrate |
| CN106717824A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 国营全椒县棉花原种总场 | One method for culturing seedlings for growing cotton |
| CN107347610A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-17 | 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 | A kind of Cultivation of Cotton Seedlings Without Soil high yield cultivating method |
| CN109302980A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-02-05 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of cotton hydroponic device |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1225971C (en) * | 2002-12-03 | 2005-11-09 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Root inducing agent and its preparation and use |
| CN1274204C (en) * | 2003-06-09 | 2006-09-13 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Cotton soilless seedling cultivation matrix |
| CN1709056A (en) * | 2005-06-18 | 2005-12-21 | 安阳市小康农药有限责任公司 | Leaf-protecting agent preparation and use method |
-
2006
- 2006-07-27 CN CN2006100889675A patent/CN1887044B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101379919B (en) * | 2008-08-29 | 2011-08-10 | 操宇琳 | Cotton seedling raising transplantation method |
| CN101810092A (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2010-08-25 | 山东农业大学 | Plug seedling method for mulching plastic film on heliogreenhouse cucumber in winter and early spring |
| CN103636375A (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2014-03-19 | 谭飞鸿 | Seedling cultivation method for preserved vegetables |
| CN103636375B (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2016-02-03 | 谭飞鸿 | A kind of plum dish seedling method |
| CN103621388A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-03-12 | 李春娣 | Soilless cultivation seedling method for vegetables |
| CN106007969A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-10-12 | 扬州大学 | Seedling germination accelerant for culturing seedlings on substrate |
| CN106717824A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 国营全椒县棉花原种总场 | One method for culturing seedlings for growing cotton |
| CN107347610A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-17 | 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 | A kind of Cultivation of Cotton Seedlings Without Soil high yield cultivating method |
| CN109302980A (en) * | 2018-12-11 | 2019-02-05 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | A kind of cotton hydroponic device |
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| CN1887044B (en) | 2010-09-08 |
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