CN1875994A - 新的乳酸细菌菌株和包含此菌株的可食用组合物、药物以及兽医产品 - Google Patents

新的乳酸细菌菌株和包含此菌株的可食用组合物、药物以及兽医产品 Download PDF

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CN1875994A
CN1875994A CNA2006100755539A CN200610075553A CN1875994A CN 1875994 A CN1875994 A CN 1875994A CN A2006100755539 A CNA2006100755539 A CN A2006100755539A CN 200610075553 A CN200610075553 A CN 200610075553A CN 1875994 A CN1875994 A CN 1875994A
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C·德西蒙
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Abstract

描述了一种新的嗜热唾液链球菌菌株(Streptococcusthermophilus ssp.Salivarius)(于2001年12月4日保藏在DSMZ-Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH,Braunschweig,Germany,保藏号DSM 14667)以及包含此菌的可食用组合物、药物以及兽医产品。所述菌株在预防/治疗肝脏脂肪变性(脂肪肝)和非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性中特别有效。

Description

新的乳酸细菌菌株和包含此菌株的可食用 组合物、药物以及兽医产品
本案为分案申请,母案申请号为02818723.7(国际申请号为PCT/IT02/00812),申请日为2002年12月19日,发明名称为“新的乳酸细菌菌株和包含此菌株的可食用组合物、药物以及兽医产品”。
本发明涉及一种新的、生物纯的嗜热唾液链球菌菌株(Streptococcus thermophilus ssp.Salivarius)(CD8)(于2001年12月4日保藏在德国布朗施维格的德意志微生物保藏中心(DSMZ)(Deutsche Sammlung von Mikroorganismen und Zellkulturen GmbH,Braunschweig,Germany,保藏号DSM 14667)以及它的子代和突变体。
本发明进一步涉及了含有所述新菌株CD8作为有效成分(或作为有效成分中的一种)的可食用组合物、药物和兽医产品,以及利用上述菌株制备可食用组合物、药物和兽医产品,这些可食用组合物、药物和兽医产品用于预防/治疗各种潜在病理状况或明显病理学的警示性和预示性体征。
当本发明可食用组合物和药物用于人类时,其预防或者确切地说治疗作用主要显示在:预防某些肝脏疾病,如肝脏脂肪变性(脂肪肝),特别是非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性,以及肝性脑病;预防一些内分泌和代谢疾病如高胰岛素血症、胰岛素抗性和肥胖症;还预防婴儿病理状态如孤独症、注意力缺陷障碍(ADD)和注意力缺陷的过度反应症(ADHD)(Attention Deficit/Hyperactive Disorder)。
当用于动物时,兽医产品在治疗肝脏病理学和内分泌及代谢疾病中是有用的。
简要说来,在本说明书的其余部分将专门描述预防/治疗肝脏脂肪变性(脂肪肝)和非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性,也描述了本发明中可食用组合物和药物对这些病理的特定预防和治疗功效。
肝脏脂肪变性(或脂肪肝)是指肝细胞中脂类的过量积累,“过量积累”含意为脂类的积累超过正常肝重的5%。在大泡性(macrovesicular)肝脏脂肪变性中,如同在脂肪细胞中出现的一样,大滴甘油三酯使肝细胞膨胀,使它们的细胞核易位到细胞边缘。在小泡性(microvesicular)肝脏脂肪变性中,小滴甘油三酯在肝细胞中积累,把细胞核留在中心位置,于是肝细胞呈现出泡沫样。
肝脏脂肪变性常能导致血清转氨酶的有限增加(低于正常值上限的4倍),并且可以通过超声波扫描术、计算机化断层显像等成像技术进行可靠鉴定。
非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性(常称为NonAlcoholic steatoHepatitis,NASH)是一种脂肪变性的临床症状,并伴有肝脏发炎。
确认排除了其他肝病原因(例如感染肝炎B型病毒和肝炎C型病毒)和排除了酒精(20克/天)的滥用之后,可以通过肝脏活检来诊断非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性。一旦排除了滥用因素,应该考虑下列可能的病因因素:
饮食异常:肥胖;  全部胃肠外进食;  体重快速减轻
药物:    雌激素;  皮质甾类;  乙胺碘呋酮
代谢疾病:无β-脂蛋白血症;  β低脂蛋白血症;  咸尔逊氏
          病;韦一克病;     四肢脂质营养不良
胃肠系统的外科手术改变:空肠回肠旁路术;小肠大面积切除;
                        胃成形术
非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性的具体原因尚不清楚。过去,患这种病症的一般患者都被描述为是女性、肥胖、血液内糖过剩(可能是糖尿病造成的)。此外,患者可能呈现血液甘油三酯过剩并患有冠状疾病、甲状腺病症或高血压。近来已报道患有非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性的病人并不总是符合这种描述。一项试验由不超重的男性和女性受试者组成,他们不是糖尿病患者并且没有过剩的血液甘油三酯。另外一组诊断有非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性的患者包括年龄在9至16岁的儿童。他们大多数超重但是只有2/30患有糖尿病。
没有血液试验,该试验可以使确定性诊断脂肪变性和非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性成为可能。
转氨酶(天冬氨酸转氨酶AST和丙氨酸转氨酶ALT)的增加(也可能不增加)是唯一的生化指标,然而他们在两种病理学上是共有的。已在病理学肥胖个体上找到了正常的生化值,这些个体的肝脏活检显示出进行性肝病。
然而AST/ALT的比值会有益于区分酒精性肝脏脂肪变性和非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性,在前者中酒精(乙醇)的滥用可以导致深度的病理解剖学变化。在酒精性脂肪变性中AST/ALT比值一般高于2,而在非酒精性脂肪变性中ALT水平要高于AST水平。
目前还没有得到普遍认可的治疗非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性的特定方法。显而易见,肥胖、患有糖尿病以及具有血液甘油三酯升高值的患者被建议通过采取低热量、低脂肪饮食的方法以及服用胰岛素或降血糖药物来减轻体重和控制他们的糖尿病。关于NASH的病理学、临床方面、诊断和治疗的详细综述,请看Sheth S G.等,非酒精性脂肪性肝炎Ann.Intern.Med.1997,127-137.这篇文章作为参考文献编入本说明书中。
缺乏有效并普遍接受的治疗方法构成了一种风险因素,因为,尽管非炎症脂肪变性是一种良性状态,有10%到50%受非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性影响的患者会产生一种能退化为肝硬化的进行性纤维变性。肝硬化在西方国家如美国列死亡原因的第11位。
因而有必要具有一种供我们支配的有效预防/治疗肝脏脂肪变性,特别是非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性的方法,所以本发明的目的就是使这种方法变得可用。
根据本发明,所述方法包含一种新的、生物纯的嗜热唾液链球菌菌株(CD8)(于2001年12月4日保藏在德国布朗施维格的德意志微生物保藏中心,保藏号DSM 14667)以及它的子代和突变体。
该发明进一步涉及含有前述链球菌菌株作为有效成份的组合物,组合物能够在形式上和活性上体现为可食用产品或饮食补充物,或药物本身,或兽医产品,行使适当的辅助或预防作用或治疗作用,至于该组合物将要行使的具体的功能则依赖于它所要应用的特定受试者。
该发明也包括使用上述菌株制备组合物,该组合物适于预防/治疗先前列举的肝脏、内分泌和代谢疾病或者孤独症以及ADD或ADHD,以及一种基于上述组合物的给药(优选口服)的预防/治疗方法
尽管解释新链球菌菌株(CD8)发挥预防/治愈作用的机制对于本发明的理解和实际应用不是必需的,但可以假设良性和非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性(NASH)的进展被炎症细胞因子信号中链球菌诱导的变化所抑制、被上皮细胞屏障功能的改善所抑制以及被阻止其他肠内细菌的易位所抑制。这些机制并不互相排斥并且有可能新的链球菌菌株具有多种活性。
对肠道有保护作用的基于乳酸细菌的组合物是已知的,但缓解或对抗良性肝脏脂肪变性或非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性的组合物则是未知的。
本发明含有预防或治疗有效量的嗜热唾液链球菌(CD8)或其子代或突变体的组合物可以制成可食用组合物或饮食补充物、制成药物或兽医产品,其中前述链球菌是唯一的活性成分或与一种或多种其他活性成分和/或一种或多种药理学上可以接受的赋形剂混合。根据组合物的特定目的挑取赋形剂的方法和挑取最适宜的制备方法属于食品或药物技术领域人员的范畴。
一种特别优选的组合物含有前述的链球菌CD8和短乳杆菌(Lactobacillus brevis)CD2。后者保藏在德国布朗施维格的德意志微生物保藏中心,保藏号DSM 11988。
前述组合物可进一步含有选自婴儿双岐杆菌(Bifidobacteriuminfantis)、短双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium breve)、长双歧杆菌(Bifidobacterium longum)、双歧双歧杆菌(Bifidobacteriumbifidum)、植物乳杆菌(Lactobacillus plantarum)、干酪乳杆菌(Lactobacillus casei)、德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种(Lactobacillusbulgaricus)、嗜酸乳杆菌(Lactobacillus acidophilus)等的菌株或他们的混合物。
前述组合物可进一步含有下列成分中的至少一种:维生素E、胆碱、熊脱氧胆酸、氯贝丁酯、thioglitazone、吉非贝齐、甜菜碱、N-乙酰半胱氨酸、罗格列酮、碱性氨基酸、L-肉碱或一种低级烷基L-肉碱或它们药理学可接受的盐类。
优选的低级烷基L-肉碱是乙酰基、丙酰基和异戊酰基L-肉碱。L-肉碱的药理学可接受盐类是富马酸盐和酒石酸盐,而药理学上可接受的烷基L-肉碱盐类是卤化物、富马酸盐和半乳糖二酸盐。
适于口服给药的组合可以以单一剂量的形式存在,例如片剂、胶囊和小包,或者是粉末和颗粒形式,或者是悬浮液或乳液的形式。
片剂和胶囊可以包含粘合剂、润滑剂、稳定剂、着色物质、分离剂等等。片剂可以采用熟知的技术进行包被。
液体组合物可以水性或油状悬浮液的形式存在,例如在可食用油中,或者根据用户的要求通过把以粉末或颗粒形式存在的制剂溶解或悬浮到水中或其他合适的溶剂中而进行制备。
这些液体组合物可以包含悬浮剂、乳化剂、防腐剂等等。
如上述的各种剂量形式中优选含有一定量嗜热唾液链球菌(CD8),其中当用户遵照易于使用的服药方案用药时,所述一定量足以提供给用户每天500亿至36000亿个所述菌株的细菌。
我们现在叙述一下临床研究,在研究中征募了非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性患者。非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性的诊断必须包括排除肝炎C病毒感染(即肝炎C病毒抗体)以及肝炎B病毒感染(肝炎B表面抗原)。血浆铜蓝蛋白和a-1-抗胰蛋白酶水平在非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性的病人中通常正常。血清学自体免疫参数(抗线粒体抗体、抗核抗体、抗平滑肌抗体和抗肝脏/肾脏微粒体抗体)在受非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性影响的病人中为负值,除了一些有抗核抗体低阳性效价的病人(从1∶40到1∶320)。
临床研究1
征募了24位被诊断有非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性症状的病人用于临床研究,其病症是根据相容血清检验显示丙氨酸转氨酶升高而确定的。每天,所有病人都摄取冻干为颗粒的1.8万亿个嗜热唾液链球菌(CD8)。
在研究开始和治疗3个月后测定了生化血清参数,测量了体重和脂质曲线(profile)。24人中有12人(50%)是肥胖的(>20%超出理想体重)。11个病人使用口服降血糖药和/或胰岛素或具有空腹葡萄糖值>160mg/dl。
3周治疗后的血清碱性磷酸酶(Alk.phosph)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)和γ-谷氨酰转肽酶(GGT)平均值相对允许的基值显著降低(T<0.01),如下表所示,其中数值表示为IU/1.
  正常值   治疗前   治疗后
  Alk.phosph.   98-275   322±83   214±44
  ALT   0-42   96±21   38±12
  GGT   11-50   72±23   41±16
甘油三酯、胆固醇和体重没有检测到显著变化。表中所列数据表明采用嗜热唾液链球菌(CD8)治疗非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性导致碱性磷酸酶、ALT和GGT水平显著改善,所述碱性磷酸酶、ALT和GGT是指示肝脏功能如细胞裂解和胆汁淤积的血清酶。
临床研究2
研究中征募了五名患者:两名男性和三名女性,他们具有增加的的天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)水平和丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)水平,对他们实施的肝脏活检表明了征募前六个月中所发展的非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性。这些病人没有表现出其他慢性肝脏疾病的迹象也没有服用降低甘油三酯的药。四个月后,每位患者每天摄入18000亿个下列种类的细菌:
嗜热唾液链球菌(CD8)
短乳杆菌(CD2)
婴儿双岐杆菌
植物乳杆菌
干酪乳杆菌
德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种
嗜酸乳杆菌。
每克组合物含有:
嗜热唾液链球菌(CD8)1500亿
短乳杆菌(CD2)100亿
婴儿双岐杆菌1000亿
植物乳杆菌100亿
干酪乳杆菌100亿
德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种300亿
嗜酸乳杆菌300亿。
在研究开始和16个星期时测定AST和ALT的血清水平。
本研究由五名没有显示任何负反应的病人完成。
研究结果列于下表,其中结果表示为IU/1
  正常值   治疗前   治疗后
  AST   0-40   109±23   45±19
  ALT   0-42   114±29   48±18
本研究没发现脂质曲线(血胆固醇(cholesterolemia)、甘油三酯)的变化,这证实了前述含有其他乳酸菌和嗜热唾液链球菌(CD8)的组合物的特异性作用。组合物做成制剂以便显示嗜热唾液链球菌(CD8)和其他乳酸细菌(例如短乳杆菌CD2,看国际专利申请WO99/42568)的抗炎性质。

Claims (8)

1.一种嗜热唾液链球菌菌株CD8或它的子代在制备可食用组合物中的用途,所述可食用组合物用来预防/治疗非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性、脂肪肝、肝性脑病、胰岛素抗性、高胰岛素血症、肥胖症、孤独症、注意力缺陷、注意力缺陷的过度反应,其中所述菌株于2001年12月4日保藏于德国布朗施维格的德意志微生物保藏中心,保藏号为DSM14667。
2.一种嗜热唾液链球菌菌株CD8或它的子代在制备药物中的用途,所述药物通过口服或肠内途径给药以预防/治疗非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性、脂肪肝、肝性脑病、胰岛素抗性、高胰岛素血症、肥胖症、孤独症、注意力缺陷和注意力缺陷的过度反应,其中所述菌株于2001年12月4日保藏于德国布朗施维格的德意志微生物保藏中心,保藏号为DSM 14667。
3.一种嗜热唾液链球菌菌株CD8或它的子代在制备兽医产品中的用途,所述兽医产品用来预防/治疗非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性、脂肪肝、胰岛素抗性、高胰岛素血症和肥胖症,其中所述菌株于2001年12月4日保藏于德国布朗施维格的德意志微生物保藏中心,保藏号为DSM14667。
4.一种嗜热唾液链球菌菌株CD8或它的子代和一种短乳杆菌菌株CD2或它的子代的混合物在制备可食用组合物中的用途,所述可食用组合物用来预防/治疗非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性、脂肪肝、肝性脑病、胰岛素抗性、高胰岛素血症、肥胖症、孤独症、注意力缺陷和注意力缺陷的过度反应,其中所述嗜热唾液链球菌菌株于2001年12月4日保藏于德国布朗施维格的德意志微生物保藏中心,保藏号为DSM 14667,所述短乳杆菌菌株保藏于德国布朗施维格的德意志微生物保藏中心,保藏号为DSM 11988。
5.一种嗜热唾液链球菌菌株CD8或它的子代和一种短乳杆菌菌株CD2或它的子代的混合物在制备药物中的用途,所述药物通过口服或肠内途径给药以预防/治疗非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性、脂肪肝、肝性脑病、胰岛素抗性、高胰岛素血症、肥胖症、孤独症、注意力缺陷和注意力缺陷的过度反应,其中所述嗜热唾液链球菌菌株于2001年12月4日保藏于德国布朗施维格的德意志微生物保藏中心,保藏号为DSM14667,所述短乳杆菌菌株保藏于德国布朗施维格的德意志微生物保藏中心,保藏号为DSM 11988。
6.一种嗜热唾液链球菌菌株CD8或它的子代和一种短乳杆菌菌株CD2或它的子代的混合物在制备兽医产品中的用途,所述兽医产品用来预防/治疗非酒精性肝脏脂肪变性、脂肪肝、胰岛素抗性、高胰岛素血症和肥胖症,其中所述嗜热唾液链球菌菌株于2001年12月4日保藏于德国布朗施维格的德意志微生物保藏中心,保藏号为DSM 14667,所述短乳杆菌菌株保藏于德国布朗施维格的德意志微生物保藏中心,保藏号为DSM 11988。
7.权利要求4-6中的用途,其中混合物还包含婴儿双岐杆菌、短双歧杆菌、长双歧杆菌、双歧双歧杆菌、植物乳杆菌、干酪乳杆菌、德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种、嗜酸乳杆菌菌株或者它们的混合物。
8.权利要求1、2、4或5中的用途,其中可食用组合物或药物能够施用给使用者500亿到36000亿个嗜热唾液链球菌CD8菌株细菌或它的子代,其中所述菌株于2001年12月4日保藏于德国布朗施维格的德意志微生物保藏中心,保藏号为DSM 14667。
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CN115181698B (zh) * 2022-06-28 2023-09-08 广东粤港澳大湾区国家纳米科技创新研究院 一种益生菌组合物及应用

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