CN1860845A - Equipment for growing plants - Google Patents

Abstract

A system for growing plants in adverse circumstances is composed of a great container for growing plants in it, the matrix loaded in said great container, and a water storing and controlling unit communicated via water tube with water tank and arranged in said great container for contacting with said matrix.

Description

A kind of device of planting plant

One, affiliated technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of device of planting plant, the device that especially can simulate land ecology, also can in adverse circumstances, plant plant.

Two, technical background

The mode that present plantation plant is generally adopted is; Be under nature, to plant plant in soil; Be under greenhouse experiment, soil or soilless culture to be arranged; Adopt flowerpot, plantation basin etc. to plant; Directly lay the plant growth medium plantation on surfaces such as buildings.In soil, plant plant, because soil has the natural environment and climate condition of good suitable plant growing, as long as the general well-grown all of nutritional sufficiency plant; Under greenhouse experiment, soil or soilless culture arranged, because the condition of the very suitable plant growing of artificial setting is arranged, so plant growing gets very good; Generally be used for family with the modes of flowerpot, plantation plants such as plantation basin etc. and grow flower on a small scale, owing to lack suitable soil condition and phenology environment, plant is undergrowths all generally, and labor management that need be a large amount of; On building, directly lay plant growth medium plantation plant because environment is abominable, reasons such as insufficient water, even the stringy stonecrop that plantation vitality is extremely strong etc. also is difficult to long-term surviving, it also is exactly the plant growth medium that needs to adopt lightweight because need considering the factor such as load-bearing of building, it is exactly more loose that the plant growth medium of lightweight has big characteristics, if the large tracts of land use can play dirt at arid strong wind weather and cause dust raising phenomenon, severe patient also can cause local sandstorm.Greening not only need not have the place of soil more to need greening (in the city) in the place that soil is arranged; Cost is too high though green house is good, be not suitable for large tracts of land and use, and (as the building vertical greening) can not be used in a lot of place; Often compare lessly because of plantation basin body amount with plantation basin vertical greening, water retention capacity is poor, does not notice that slightly pot plant will be withered dead because of lack of water, but waters dilutional hyponatremia, and pot plant can rot root again and dead, and management is a difficult problem; Lay plant growth medium plantation plant on building, at first, owing to amplitude of variation bigger, the matrix poor water retention property, particularly roof of building with temperature, what high temperature and low temperature and arid etc. brought plant is the life and death trial of strength; Secondly, because of the plant growth medium of lightweight may cause dust raising phenomenon, bring new pollution to the city.Prior roofs greening and vertical greening also exist and build defectives such as inharmonious, that shortage ornamental, waste and old resource (rainwater, waste water, rubbish, agricultural crop straw etc.) availability is low.

Three, summary of the invention

The present invention proposes in order to address the above problem, purpose is to provide: the device that can simulate land ecology, can plant plant under adverse circumstances, this device can be under natural phenology condition, ensure plant normal growth, normal growth under relative harsh environmental conditions particularly, also can make planter become the part of decorating building as required, and can comprehensive non-harmful waste and old resource (as rainwater, waste water, rubbish, agricultural crop straw etc.) of utilizing.

In order to address the above problem the feature of the device first aspect of plantation plant of the present invention: the device of plantation plant comprises planter (1), storage water control device (2) and matrix (3), and described matrix (3) places planter (1); Described storage water control device (2) places planter (1) to contact with matrix (3), or a part is connected with water main or storage tank (4) or feeds wherein, and another part places planter (1) to contact with matrix (3).

The feature of the device second aspect of plantation plant of the present invention: planter (1) is that top is or/and sidewall opening has the container containing (11) of certain cavity, or container containing (11) and placed on it or its bottom or wherein or the complex that constitutes of one or more members with specific function that it is overhead or it is outer, the member of described specific function comprises escapement (113), watch box (114), holder (115), overcover (116), hole (117).Described container containing (11) is peviform thing or groove shape thing or the pond shape thing that a solids is recessed on; Or by one or more bottoms (111) peviform thing or groove shape thing or pond shape thing with sidewall (112) formation.Described bottom (111) is single or composite, the cross section is straight crooked or folding, surfacing or concavo-convex or/and pertusate tabular or groove shape or peviform thing.Described sidewall (112) is the extension of bottom (111) at vertical or incline direction, constitutes conjoined structure with bottom (111); Or for bottom (111) and single or composite, that the cross section is straight is crooked or folding, surfacing or concavo-convex, the upright or plate object that tilts to put or build body by laying bricks or stones and intersect on its appropriate location, middle part or base, constitute with bottom (111) and divide body structure.Described escapement (113) is for placing container containing (11) that container containing (11) is separated into up and down or inside and outside two or more cavitys, it is crooked or folding that the cross section is straight, surfacing or concavo-convex or/and be covered with membranaceous or the tabular or groove shape or the peviform thing of hole, or enclosed cross or opening, surfacing or concavo-convex or/and be covered with the tube of the different shape of hole, or sealing or opening, the surface is straight or concavo-convex or/and be covered with the container-like thing of the different shape of hole, or tabular or groove shape or peviform thing be connected or the composite structure of support member composition.Described watch box (114) is for placing the outer plate object (1141) in container containing (11) sidewall (112) and/or bottom (111) or building thing (1142) by laying bricks or stones or deposit (1143), described plate object (1141) be single or composite, that one or more cross section is straight is crooked or folding, the plate of surfacing or concavo-convex or/and hollow out, or by the tabular or paliform of surperficial straight or the concavo-convex or hollow out of assembling such as bar, piece, film or splicing or casting or inflate membranoid substance; Described plate object that the certain scale of construction arranged or the masonry of thing (1142) of building by laying bricks or stones for making or build by laying bricks or stones with jointing material with construction material; Deposit (1143) is directly to pile up the powder of certain scale of construction or/and granular substance outside container containing (11), or at plate object (1141) or build by laying bricks or stones on the basis of thing (1142) and pile up the powder of certain scale of construction or/and granular substance.Described holder (115) forms adjusting pin (1151) or bearing (1152) or tourelle (1153) or the outstanding fixing apparatus (1154) of supporting relation for placing on the container containing (11) or with container containing (11), described adjusting pin (1151) constitutes the relation of supporting for being fixed in bottom (111) or placing on the ground with bottom (111), utilizes mechanical system that holder is elongated or shortened and changes the device of the height of container containing (11); Described bearing (1152) forms the support relation for being fixed in container containing (11) bottom (111) or being fixed on the ground with bottom (111), makes container containing (11) keep the device of a certain ad-hoc location; Described tourelle (1153) makes the mobile device of container containing (11) for being fixed in container containing (11) bottom (111) in the mode of rolling; Described outstanding fixing apparatus (1154) is anchored in device on the building for utilizing outstanding solid member with container containing (11).Described outstanding solid member comprises and encloses suspension member (11541) and firmware (11542), the described suspension member (11541) that encloses is for being fixed in wherein pocketed thing or structural member with the splendid attire form with container containing (11), or to surround or the semi-surrounding form is enclosed container containing (11) the paliform thing that is fixed in wherein, or material or structural member that container containing is reinforced or strengthened, described firmware (11542) gos deep in the building for a part, and another part will enclose suspension member (11541) or through reinforcing or reinforced container containing (11) is anchored in member on the building.Overcover (116) is shelter (1161) or covering (1162).Described shelter (1161) is for placing outside the container containing (11) or on last or the watch box, that the cross section is straight is folding or crooked, the plate object of surfacing or concavo-convex or/and hollow out, or by the tabular or paliform thing of surperficial straight or the concavo-convex or hollow out of assembling such as bar, piece or splicing or casting, or the membranoid substance or the net of supporting construction are arranged; Container containing (11) is overhead to form the plate object of supporting relation or plate object or membranoid substance or the net that supporting construction is arranged with sidewall (112) or watch box (114) to described covering (1162) in order to place.Described hole (117) be container containing (11) sidewall (112) and/hole or the grid of different shape on bottom (111), described hole or grid are spillway hole (1173) and/or pore (1174) and/or inlet opening (1172).

The feature of the device third aspect of plantation plant of the present invention: described storage water control device (2) is made of storage control water system (21) and drainage system (22).

The feature of the device fourth aspect of plantation plant of the present invention: described storage control water system (21) comprises storage area (213) and absorbent material (214).Described storage area (213) is the bottom body cavity of container containing (11); Or the bottom body cavity of the container containing (11) that is separated out of tabular or groove shape or peviform escapement (113); Or be the interior and exocoelom of tubulose or container-like escapement (113); Or place container-like or tube, or the water storage material (2132) in the body cavity of container containing (11) bottom.Described absorbent material (214) is directly, or places on tabular or groove shape or the peviform escapement (113) or the plant growth medium (31) that contacts with storage area (213) water (2131) or water storage material (2132) outside tubulose or the container-like escapement (113); Or have absorptive escapement (a 113) part and extend in the storage area (213), another part contacts with plant growth medium (31); Or have absorptive material one end and stretch in the storage area (213), the other end is directly or pass escapement (113) and contact with plant growth medium (31).

The feature of device the 5th aspect of plantation plant of the present invention: described storage control water system (21) comprises feed pipe (211), water control device (212), storage area (213) and absorbent material (214).Described feed pipe (211) one ends link to each other with water main or storage tank (4), the other end directly or branch enter in the storage area (213) of a planter (1) or/and top or branch enter in two or more storage areas (213) two or more storage areas (213) series connection or/and in parallel.Described water control device (212) is for utilizing the storage tank (4) of negative pressure control water; Or be positioned at the little water tank that utilizes ball-cock assembly (2121) control water on the feed pipe (211); Or be arranged in feed pipe (211) end and place storage area (213) to utilize ball-cock assembly (2121) control water; Or utilize the water pump (2124) in time controller (2122) the control storage tank (4) regularly to supply water to the top or the bottom of plant growth medium (3); Or utilize the water pump (2124) in sensor (2123) the control storage tank (4) to supply water to the top or the bottom of plant growth medium (3).Described storage area (213) is the bottom body cavity of container containing (11), or the bottom body cavity of the container containing (11) that is separated out of tabular or groove shape or peviform escapement (113), or the interior and/or exocoelom of tubulose or container-like escapement (113), or place in the container containing (11) or/and the inner coelom of outer feed pipe (211), or place inner coelom or the bottom body cavity of container containing (11) or the water storage material (2132) of feed pipe (211) of container-like or tubular interval device (113).Described absorbent material (214) for directly place tabular or the groove shape peviform escapement (113) is gone up or tubulose or container-like escapement (113) in or/and the outer plant growth medium (31) that contacts with storage area (213) water (2131) or water storage material (2132); Or have absorptive escapement (a 113) part and extend in the storage area (213), another part contacts with plant growth medium (31); Or have absorptive material one end and stretch in the storage area (213), the other end is directly or pass escapement (113) and contact with plant growth medium (31).

The feature of device the 6th aspect of plantation plant of the present invention: drainage system (22) is sidewall (112) or spillway hole (1173) on bottom (111) or the pore (1174) that is positioned at container containing (11), or feeds drainpipe (221) or drainage pipeline networks (222) in the container containing (11).

The feature of device the 7th aspect of plantation plant of the present invention: described matrix (3) is plant growth medium (31); Or plant growth medium (31) and the composite interstitial substance (32) that places its bottom or one or more members with specific function wherein or on it to form, described specific function member comprises vent material (321), anchor (322), surface covering (323).Described plant growth medium (31) has soil matrix matter or a soilless substrate for what single or multiple material mixed, and described soil matrix matter is arranged is soil; Described soilless substrate is non-soil class plant growth medium.The tube or the husk of the different shape of described vent material (321) or atresia porose for the tube wall of the side of inserting plant growth medium (31) or front or bottom surface, or the complex that constitutes of tube or husk and other object, or insert tubulose or the shelly or the netted or satchel of loose vent material.Described anchor (322) is for to place bottom the plant growth medium (31) or at least one tunic shape wherein or netted or felted or grid-like material, described net is the establishment of orderly or unordered one or more fibrous materials or the class net that non-establishment constitutes, described film material is the tympan that hole is arranged, described felt-like material is the class felted thing of orderly or unordered one or more fibrous materials, and described grid-like material is rigidity or flexible the tabular of hole or groove shape or tubulose or the container-like thing of having; Or peviform, bag shape material structure, described peviform material structure is for placing bottom and/or the sidewall opening or the pertusate peviform thing of plant growth medium (31), and described bag shape material structure is for placing one or more orderly or unordered fibrous materials of plant growth medium (31) or hole being arranged or the class satchel of imporous film shape material formation; Or bolt, bolt structure, described bolt, bolt structure are the relation that screw or bolt and planter (1) bottom (111) and/or escapement (113) constitute power; Or card laminated structure, described card laminated structure constitutes the stressed relation of extruding for placing plant growth medium (31) wherein or the two ends card of the strip of elasticity on it or rigidity or bulk material or be buckled on the sidewall of planter (1) or interior or penetrate hole on the sidewall; Or the drawknot structure, described drawknot structure for place matrix (3) on or rigidity wherein or flexible net or bar or block by with the interfix relation of power of the mutual tractive of formation of planter sidewall (112); Or the tractive structure, described tractive structure is the relation by the power of the sidewall (112) that is fixed in plant stem and container containing (11) or rope on the watch box (114) or the formation of rigidity rod-shaped material.Described surface covering (323) is for covering or be wrapped in one or more layers of membranoid substance or net or the fabric or the satchel on plant growth medium (31) surface, or membranoid substance or net or fabric and place its underpart or/and the compound that the fibrous material on surface or granular material constitute, described membranoid substance is for having hole or imporous tympan; Described net is the establishment of orderly or unordered one or more fibrous materials or the class net that non-establishment constitutes; Described fabric is the orderly or unordered sheet-like article that is compiled into of fibrous material or strip form film material; Described satchel is the class satchel that has hole or imporous tympan, net, sheet-like article to constitute, and described fibrous material is animal, plant or chemical fibre, and described granular material is organic particle or particles of inorganic material.

The present invention is owing to adopted above-mentioned design to have the following advantages:

1, this plant planting device adopts escapement (113), watch box (114), holder (115), overcover (116), hole (117) etc. to have the member of specific function in planter (1) alone or in combination, has at first ensured good compression ring border; Secondly, improved the ability of insulation and the anti-adverse environment and the phenology of planter; Its three, allow planter (1) put and suspension become more convenient easily; Four, allow planter (1) and building combine together, make building more attractive in appearance.

2, the storage control water system (21) of this plant planting device though first scheme in do not have feed pipe (211) to give in the storage area (213) to supply water, but in particular environment (as area of heavy rainfull on the south the Changjiang river), container containing (11) is collected and is stored rainwater automatically and utilizes penetration theory to supply with plant growth medium (31) from the bottom, the water storage of simulating nature soil and way of supplying water have ensured good water environment.

3, the alternative plan of the storage control water system (21) of this plant planting device adopts the water control device (212) of control water automatically, utilize feed pipe (211) with in parallel and/mode of polyphone is linked as integral body with single planter, water control device (212) is according to the water supply that needs of plant growth medium (3), its principle is descended spring to give to the earth similarly and is supplied water, ensured that plant has stable water environment, and can utilize the rainwater and the municipal middle water of collection in a large number.

4, this plant planting device adopts vent material (321), anchor (322), surface coating material (323) etc. to have the member of specific function in matrix (3) alone or in combination, has ensured the compression ring border that suitable plant growing is arranged in the planter at first more fully; Secondly, ensured that plant is not by the influence to plant root etc. such as the extraneous factor of high wind; Its three, improved the range of choice of plant growth medium, can use loose more material such as rubbish, agricultural crop straw needn't consider to cause problems such as airborne dust as plant growth medium (31); Its four, improved insulation, the water retention capacity of matrix, and reduced the direct infringement to plant root such as frost, snow.

5, the present invention is simple in structure, and cost is low, can be used for the greening in various places, and the greening of be specially adapted to that building is vertical, roof and road separator etc. being located improves urban environment.

Four, description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the sectional structure chart of the device embodiment 1 of the plantation plant that proposes of the present invention

Fig. 2 is the sectional structure chart of the device embodiment 2 of the plantation plant that proposes of the present invention

Fig. 3 is the sectional structure chart of the device embodiment 3 of the plantation plant that proposes of the present invention

Fig. 4 is the sectional structure chart of the device embodiment 4 of the plantation plant that proposes of the present invention

Fig. 5 is the sectional structure chart of the device embodiment 5 of the plantation plant that proposes of the present invention

Fig. 6 is the sectional structure chart of the device embodiment 6 of the plantation plant that proposes of the present invention

Fig. 7 is the sectional structure chart of the device embodiment 7 of the plantation plant that proposes of the present invention

Fig. 8 is the sectional structure chart of the device embodiment 8 of the plantation plant that proposes of the present invention

The various forms of schematic diagrames of the planter (1) of the device of the plantation plant that Fig. 9-the 17th, the present invention propose

The material structure schematic diagram of the planter (1) of the device of the plantation plant that Figure 18-the 22nd, the present invention propose

The various forms of schematic diagrames of the bottom (111) of the planter (1) of the device of the plantation plant that Figure 23-the 35th, the present invention propose

The various forms of schematic diagrames of the sidewall (112) of the planter (1) of the device of the plantation plant that Figure 36-the 41st, the present invention propose

The various forms of schematic diagrames of the escapement (113) of the planter (1) of the device of the plantation plant that Figure 42-the 78th, the present invention propose

The various forms of schematic diagrames of the watch box (114) of the planter (1) of the device of the plantation plant that Figure 79-the 87th, the present invention propose

Planter (1) sidewall (112) of the device of the plantation plant that Figure 88-the 103rd, the present invention propose and the surface texture schematic diagram of watch box (114)

The various forms of schematic diagrames of the holder (115) of the planter (1) of the device of the plantation plant that Figure 104-the 123rd, the present invention propose

The various forms of schematic diagrames of the overcover (116) of the planter (1) of the device of the plantation plant that Figure 124-the 139th, the present invention propose

Figure 140 is the various forms of schematic diagrames of hole (117) of planter (1) of the device of the plantation plant that proposes of the present invention

The schematic diagram of storage water control device (2) first schemes of the device of the plantation plant that Figure 123-be the present invention proposes

The various forms of schematic diagrames of the storage area (213) of storage water control device (2) first schemes of the device of the plantation plant that Figure 141-the 148th, the present invention propose

The various forms of schematic diagrames of the absorbent material (214) of storage water control device (2) first schemes of the device of the plantation plant that Figure 149-the 155th, the present invention propose

The schematic diagram of storage water control device (2) alternative plan of the device of the plantation plant that Figure 156-be the present invention proposes

The various forms of schematic diagrames of the feed pipe (211) of storage water control device (2) alternative plan of the device of the plantation plant that Figure 157-the 162nd, the present invention propose

The various forms of schematic diagrames of the water control device (212) of storage water control device (2) alternative plan of the device of the plantation plant that Figure 163-the 177th, the present invention propose

The various forms of schematic diagrames of the alternative plan storage area (213) of the storage water control device (2) of the device of the plantation plant that Figure 178-the 190th, the present invention propose

The various forms of schematic diagrames of the alternative plan absorbent material (214) of the storage water control device (2) of the device of the plantation plant that Figure 191-the 206th, the present invention propose

Figure 20 7-209 is the various forms of schematic diagrames of drainage system (22) of storage water control device (2) of the device of the plantation plant that proposes of the present invention

Figure 21 0-212 is the various forms of schematic diagrames of plant growth medium (31) of matrix (3) of the device of the plantation plant that proposes of the present invention

Figure 21 3-229 is the various forms of schematic diagrames of vent material (321) of matrix (3) of the device of the plantation plant that proposes of the present invention

Figure 23 0-261 is the various forms of schematic diagrames of anchor (322) of matrix (3) of the device of the plantation plant that proposes of the present invention

Figure 26 2-276 is the various forms of schematic diagrames of surface covering (323) of matrix (3) of the device of the plantation plant that proposes of the present invention

Figure 27 7-278 is the moisture comparison diagram after the moisture and common plantation basin implants growth substrate of plant growth medium of container containing (11) of the device of the plantation plant that proposes of the present invention waters

Wherein: the tabular watch box 1142-of 1-planter 11-container containing 111-bottom 112-sidewall 113-escapement 114-watch box 115-holder 116-overcover 117-hole 1141-builds the firmware that encloses suspension member 11542-suspension arrangement that thing watch box 1143-deposit watch box 1151-regulates the outstanding fixing apparatus 1161-shelter 1162-covering 1172-inlet opening of pin 1152-bearing 1153-tourelle 1154-1173-spillway hole 1174-pore 11541-suspension arrangement by laying bricks or stones

Water 2132-water storage material in the 2-storage water control device 21-storage control 214-absorbent material 221-drainpipe 222-drainage pipeline networks 2121-ball-cock assembly 2122-time controller 2123-sensing controler 2124-water pump 2125-muffler 2131-storage area, water system 22-drainage system 211-feed pipe 212-water control device 213-storage area

3-matrix 31-plant growth medium 32-composite interstitial substance 321-vent material 322-anchor 323-surface covering

4-storage tank or water main (4)

Five, embodiment

Describe concrete device details and the working condition that the present invention proposes in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Embodiment 1:

As shown in Figure 1, the planter of plant planting device of the present invention (1) is the complex that container containing (11) and escapement (113), watch box (114) holder (115), overcover (116), hole (117) etc. have the member formation of specific function.Container containing (11) is peviform thing or the groove shape thing that bottom (111) and sidewall (112) constitute.Bottom (111) is folding for the cross section, the plate object that the surface is straight, [bottom (111) form air space (102) with ground]; Sidewall (112) is the extension of bottom (111) at vertical or incline direction, constitutes conjoined structure, [container containing (11) material is the solid material of single material, as (as Figure 18) such as plastics, fiberglass, potteries] with bottom (111).Escapement (113) is folding for the cross section that places planter (1), and the surface is covered with the groove shape thing of hole, [forming air space (103) between the storage area (213) of escapement (113) and bottom]; Watch box (114) is for placing the brick thing (1142) of building outside the sidewall (112), [forming air space (101) between watch box and the sidewall (112)]; Holder (115) but for placing the adjusting pin (1151) of height up and down of bottom; Overcover (116) is for being fixed in the shelter (1161) on the watch box (1142) of building by laying bricks or stones, [shelter is the plate object of hyalomitome material, as glass, lucite etc.]; Hole (117) has into water pore (1172), spillway hole (1173) and a plurality of pore (1174) on the sidewall, [outside air enters air space (103) by pore (1174), communicates by hole on the escapement (113) and plant growth medium (3) interior hole and capillary again].

Storage water control device (2) comprises storage control water system (21) and drainage system (22).Storage control water system (21) is made up of feed pipe (211), water control device (212), storage area (213) and absorbent material (214).Feed pipe (211) one ends are connected with storage tank (4), and the other end stretches in the container containing (11); Water control device (212) is positioned at the terminal of feed pipe (211) and places storage area (213), [the main control wet part of water control device (212) is ball-cock assembly (2121), and water control device (212) utilizes the water level in ball-cock assembly (2121) the control storage area (213) to control the water yield that enters in the storage area (213)]; Absorbent material (214) is for placing on the escapement (113), and immerses the plant growth medium (3) in the storage area (213).Drainage system (22) is osculum (1173) or the pore (1174) on the sidewall (112).

Matrix (3) is for having soil and/or not having the plant growth medium (31) of soil and the composite interstitial substance (32) of anchor (322) formation that occupy plant growth medium (31) top and bottom.Plant growth medium (31) is the big particle diameter material (as large stone, bulky grain cinder, bulky grain haydite etc.) that is positioned at the bottom and the small particle diameter or particulate or the fibrous matter (as soil, sand, straw, sawdust, rock wool, peat, cinder, vermiculite etc.) that are positioned at the upper strata; The anchor of this embodiment (322) is grid material that places plant growth medium (31) bottom and the pulled by cable device that places plant growth medium (31) top, [anchor (322) that occupy the grid-like material of plant growth medium bottom is an escapement (113), as shown in Figure 1, escapement by the mode of anchoring root system of plant with the plant anchoring; The anchor (322) that places the pulled by cable structure on plant growth medium top is the ring that overlaps a flexible material earlier or have the flexible protective material on plant stem; then by many pulled by cable and fixedly on the sidewall (112) of planter (1); relation with planter sidewall formation power; shown in Figure 23 0-232, the anchor of tractive structure passes through the fixedly mode anchoring plant of plant stem].

The operation principle of this embodiment is: A, the escapement (113) that is covered with hole place container containing (11) to be divided into two cavitys up and down, upper cavity is filled out and is put plant growth medium (31), lower chamber is storage area (213), form air space (103) between escapement (113) and storage area (213), one plays interval action; Its two, the matrix of part splendid attire is invaded in the storage area, reduces the usage amount of matrix, and alleviates the overall weight of planter; Its three, be separated out air space (103), the air in the external world by in the hole and capillary that import plant growth medium (31), is promoted ventilation; Its four, allow root system of plant pass hole on it, with the mode anchoring plant of anchoring root system of plant, prevent that matrix is too loose and the root that causes is loosening; B, place the outer watch box (114) of sidewall (112) container containing (11) to be gone along with sb. to guard him first decoration function; It two is fixations, and protection container containing (11) can not blown away when high wind or blow and turn over; It three is sunshades, and protection container containing (11) can be by the plant growth medium heating of radiation in it when strong solar radiation; Its four, cooperate the conduction with air space (102) trap heat on the air space (101) of sidewall (112) and bottom and ground, container containing (11) is had the effect of insulation.C, the adjusting pin (1151) that is fixed on the bottom (111) can be adjusted to same horizontal level fast with container containing (11) in groups, and ensureing in each storage area (213) has the identical water yield, and makes things convenient for container containing (11) to install on irregular ground.D, be fixed in the tabular shelter (1161) of the hyalomitome material on the watch box (114), both can see through sunlight, can block the infringement of high wind again to plant, shown in Figure 136-138, by direction and the intensity that fixing baffle plate can change wind is set, can largely alleviate the influence that wind causes plant in place that high wind such as vertical wall and roof attack.E, feed pipe (211) are input to the water in the storage tank (4) in the storage area (213), are arranged in escapement (113) matrix (3) last and immersion storage area (213) and directly water are sucked and supplies with plant as absorbent material (214); The water control device (212) that occupy in the storage area (213) utilizes ball-cock assembly all the time that the water in storage area (213) is constant in the precalculated position, and how many plants siphons away, and controls device automatically what just replenish, just as subterranean water level keeps the skin wet to soil; Exceed predetermined water level if chance rain or other reason make in the storage area (213), spillway hole (13) is got rid of unnecessary water outside the peviform planter (1) automatically, ensures that plant growth medium (31) has stable water source supply; Shown in Figure 158, can be with in groups container containing (11) in the mode of polyphone with time control water.F, place plant growth medium (31) top the anchor (322) of pulled by cable structure with the plant overall fixed on planter (1); shown in Figure 23 0-232; when plant is subjected to the high wind attack; because trunk is subjected to many rope stretch-draw; can not cause root to rock; thereby protective plant preserves from, and more can not uprooped.

This embodiment goes out to have the plant growth environment of the similar the earth of the gentle environment of good water environment by stable water supply and stable air flow dynamic simulated; Secondly, utilize the air space between peviform thing and the sidewall and regulate bottom that foot pad goes out and the conduction of the blocking-up heat that the air space between the ground is multi-faceted, increase the insulation ability of planter by the mode that adopts sidewall at planter to increase watch box; Its three, adopt height-adjustable adjusting pin in the bottom of planter, convenient install on irregular ground; Its four, tabular shelter stops high wind to the invasion and attack to plant of the cold wind of the attack, particularly winter of plant, alleviates the freeze injury that causes because of wind etc.; Its five, anchor ensures that plant can not cause the injury that root system is loosening or uproop and so in blast; Its six because water is to supply with from the bottom of plant growth medium, the plant growth medium water content that top contact with atmosphere is relatively low, so is expended the water that falls with evaporated form by soil with regard to seldom; Its seven, as long as this plant planting appliance arrangement is working properly, just need not to water, greatly reduce administrative expenses.Owing to adopted this embodiment of above-mentioned measure to have extremely strong environmental suitability, both be suitable for roof greening, be suitable for the roadside greening of hard surface again, also suitable field extreme environment plantation plant.

Embodiment 2:

As shown in Figure 2, the planter of plant planting device of the present invention (1) is the complex that container containing (11) and escapement (113), watch box (114) holder (115), hole (117) etc. have the member formation of specific function.Container containing (11) is peviform thing or the groove shape thing that bottom (111) and sidewall (112) constitute.Bottom (111) is that the cross section is straight, the plate object that the surface is straight, [bottom (111) form air space (102) with ground]; Sidewall (112) is the extension of bottom (111) at vertical or incline direction, constitutes conjoined structure [container containing (11) material is the solid material of single material, as (as Figure 18) such as plastics, fiberglass, potteries] with bottom (111).Escapement (113) is for placing the polylith section triangle of planter (1), and the surface is covered with the groove shape thing of hole, [gap between escapement (113) and storage area (213) forms a plurality of air spaces (103)]; Watch box (114) is for placing the deposit (1143) on the basis of building thing (1142) by laying bricks or stones outside the sidewall (112), and [deposit (1143) is generally the loose material that certain scale of construction is arranged again, as breeze, wood chip, sand, earth, straw etc.; Or the unconsolidated material surface covers one deck covering, and as plastic film, cement, plaster are smeared etc.; Form air space (101) between watch box and the sidewall (112)]; Holder (115) is for being fixed in ground bearing (1152) of building the thing conduct by laying bricks or stones; Hole (117) has into water pore (1172) and a plurality of pore (1174) on the sidewall, [outside air enters air space (103) by pore (1174), communicates by hole on the escapement (113) and plant growth medium (31) interior hole and capillary again].

Storage water control device (2) comprises storage control water system (21) and drainage system (22).Storage control water system (21) is made up of feed pipe (211), water control device (212), storage area (213) and absorbent material (214).Feed pipe (211) one ends are connected with storage tank (4), and the other end stretches in the container containing (11); Water control device (212) is for being positioned at the little water tank that utilizes ball-cock assembly (2121) control water on the feed pipe (211), [water level in the little water tank of ball-cock assembly (2121) control in the little water tank is constant, utilize law of connected vessels, also control enters the interior water yield in storage area (213) simultaneously, shown in Figure 171,172, the effect of altitude that water in the storage area (213) is put by little water tank, when little water tank location is raised, water level in the storage area (213) raises, when little water tank location reduced, the water level in storage area (213) reduced].Absorbent material (214) is for placing on the escapement (113), and immerses the plant growth medium (31) in the storage area (213).Drainage system (22) is drainpipe (221) and/or the pore (1174) on the sidewall (112).

Matrix (3) is the composite interstitial substance (32) that plant growth medium (31) and vent material (321), anchor (322) and surface covering (323) constitute.Plant growth medium (31) is the big particle diameter material (as large stone, bulky grain cinder, bulky grain haydite etc.) that is positioned at the bottom and the small particle diameter or particulate or the fibrous matter (as soil, sand, straw, sawdust, rock wool, peat, cinder, vermiculite etc.) that are positioned at the upper strata; Vent material (321) is the front of insertion matrix or the porose tube (as Figure 21 3-216) of tube wall of side, [as plastic tube, glass tube or earthenware etc.].Anchor (332) is to place the drawknot structure (as Figure 23 3-235) or the card laminated structure (as Figure 23 6-241) on plant growth medium top and place the plant growth medium bottom to be abound with the escapement (113) (as Fig. 2) of hole, [anchor of drawknot structure (322) for place plant growth medium top with the interfix bar of relation of the power that forms mutual tractive of planter sidewall (112), shown in Figure 21 3-216, bar is the rigid material that the strip on the planter sidewall can be fixed in two ends, as plastics, fiberglass etc., or the flexible material of strip, as rope, ribbon, flexiplast etc., rigidity and/or flexible material produce downward pressure by the mutual pulling force with planter sidewall (112), and the mode by fixing plant growth medium (31) is plant fixedly.The anchor (322) of card laminated structure is for placing plant growth medium (31) wherein or the two ends card of the strip of elasticity on it or rigidity or bulk material or be buckled on the sidewall of planter (1) or interior or penetrate hole on the sidewall, constitute the stressed relation of extruding, shown in Figure 23 6-241, elasticity or rigid material by with planter sidewall (112) on mutual card cut down output and give birth to downward pressure, same mode by fixing plant growth medium (31) is plant fixedly; The anchor that is abound with escapement (113) conduct of hole is to allow root system of plant pass hole on it, by the mode anchoring plant (as Fig. 2) of anchoring root system of plant].Surface covering (323) is membranaceous fabric, works out cloth etc., (as Figure 21 4) [membranaceous fabric has hole, has certain ventilative water permeability] as plastics.

The operation principle of this embodiment is: A, a plurality of section triangle, the groove shape escapement (113) of surface cloth cover hole is separated into inside and outside a plurality of cavitys with container containing (11), outer the filling out of escapement (113) put plant growth medium, gap between the inner chamber body of escapement (113) and storage area (213) forms air space (103), one, play interval action, be separated out storage area (213) and air space (103); Its two, the gas exchange center, air space (103) was both identical with outside air by pore (1174), communicated again with in the hole of plant growth medium (31) and the capillary; Its three, allow root system of plant pass hole on it, with the mode anchoring plant of anchoring root system of plant, prevent because of the loose root that causes of matrix loosening; B, place the outer mound shape watch box (1143) of sidewall (112) that container containing (11) is gone along with sb. to guard him, first fixation, protection container containing (11) can not blown away when high wind or blow and turn over; It two is sunshades, and protection container containing (11) can be by the plant growth medium heating of radiation in it when strong solar radiation; Its three, thick mound cooperates the conduction with air space (102) trap heat on the air space (101) of sidewall (112) and bottom and ground again, container containing (11) is had the effect of fabulous insulation.C, feed pipe (211) are input to the water in the storage tank (4) in the storage area (213) in peviform or the groove shape planter (1), and the plant growth medium matrix (31) that immerses in the storage area (213) directly sucks water and supply with plant as absorbent material (214).The water control device (212) that occupy on the feed pipe (213) utilizes ball-cock assembly all the time that the water in storage area (213) is constant in the precalculated position, how many plants siphons away, how many water control devices (212) just replenishes, just as subterranean water level keeps the skin wet to soil, exceed predetermined water level if chance rain or other reason make in the storage area (213), drainpipe (221) is got rid of unnecessary water outside the planter (1) automatically.Shown in Figure 171,172, place the water control device (212) on the feed pipe (211) to change at the upper and lower bit position, water level in the storage area (213) is also followed corresponding change, and the moisture storage capacity when improve the position of water control device (212) in storage area (213) increases; In like manner, the moisture storage capacity the when position of water control device (212) reduces in storage area (213) reduces, and therefore can arbitrarily regulate the water yield in the planter as required.D, the tubulose vent material (321) that places plant growth medium (31) connect air space (103) between escapement (113) and storage area (213) and extramatrical air, gas in the air space (103) is circulated more, and realized the ventilation of plant growth medium multipath; Secondly, if meet the rainy day, tubulose vent material (321) can import the water that has little time to permeate on the film (323) in the storage area (213) fast, ensures that planter utilizes natural resources such as rainwater to greatest extent.The surface covering of E, membranaceous establishment (323) has at first formed barrier at plant growth medium (31) between atmosphere, reduce ground temperature and scatter and disappear, slow down the direct infringement to plant root such as frost, heavy snow; Secondly, the surface covering of establishment (323) has a spot of capillary porosity to allow air see through, and both can ensure the normal ventilative of plant growth medium (31), can reduce the evaporation of moisture again, the pore on its principle similar plants blade; Three, surface covering (323) with plant growth medium (31) surface coverage, prevent weed growth; Four, have the white of certain reflected sunlight ability or the surface coverage of silver color (323), the blade that can be the plant bottom replenishes illumination, alleviates the thermal radiation that plant growth medium (31) is subjected to simultaneously; Five, surface covering (323) covers plant growth medium (31), and plant growth medium can not blown away by high wind, reduces airborne dust, can use loose more ventilative plant growth medium simultaneously.F, place the escapement (113) of plant growth medium (31) bottom by mode anchoring plant with the anchoring root system of plant; The anchor (322) that places the card laminated structure on plant growth medium (31) top and/or drawknot structure is all by applying the mode of power to plant growth medium, realize the anchoring plant in the mode of anchoring plant growth medium.

Present embodiment goes out to have the plant growth environment of the similar the earth of the gentle environment of fine water environment by stable water supply and stable air flow dynamic simulated; Secondly, place water control device on the feed pipe can adjust the water level storage area in, when plant needs water in a large number, the water level in the storage area is heightened guarantee plant water summer; Autumn, plant need water minimizing in winter for ensureing the plant safe overwintering, are turned down the water level in the storage area; Its three, in the basic unit of embodiment 1,, further improve the insulation ability of planter by adopting the mound of retaining wall form; Its four, the escapement of the section triangle of acute angle increases the degree of depth that air space inserts plant growth medium, promotes the throughput of plant growth medium, remedies because of plant growth medium top and covers weakening of plant growth medium air-flow that membranoid substance causes; Its five, the vent material of tubulose has more been strengthened gas flow in the plant growth medium; They are six years old, the film on plant growth medium surface have water conservation, insulation, heat insulation, prevent that high wind from blowing away plant growth medium, anti-weeds, utilize the effects such as reflective increase photosynthesis of plant of film, also because be coated with film, energy anchoring plant growth medium, can use very loose ventilative plant growth medium in conjunction with anchor simultaneously, this had both alleviated the deadweight of planter, helped ventilated again; They are seven years old, the film that this embodiment uses is membranaceous fabric, have certain permeable, airing function with respect to general plastic film, rain penetration can be gone into plant growth medium, when high temperature, overheated steam can be appeared, but can intercept the direct infringement to plant root such as frost, snow; Its eight, water control device can be imbedded below the retaining mound, feed pipe also can be imbedded undergroundly, water ice up in winter or summer in the anti-antipriming pipe are overheated.Owing to adopted this embodiment of above-mentioned measure on the basis of embodiment 1, more to strengthen environmental suitability, be particularly suitable for environment abominable area greenings such as severe cold, extremely hot and arid.

Embodiment 3:

As shown in Figure 3, the planter of plant planting device of the present invention (1) is the complex that container containing (11) and watch box (114) holder (115) with specific function, hole (117) etc. have the member formation of specific function.Container containing (11) is peviform thing or the groove shape thing that bottom (111) and sidewall (112) constitute.Bottom (111) is folding for the cross section, the plate object in straight partially perforated hole, surface, [bottom (111) form air space (102) with ground]; Sidewall (112) is the extension of bottom (111) at vertical or incline direction, forms conjoined structure [container containing (11) material is the solid material of single material, as (as Figure 23 1) such as plastics, fiberglass, potteries] with bottom (111).Watch box (114) is for placing the plate object (1141) of the sandwich construction outside the sidewall (112), [as shown in Figure 3, the watch box of sandwich construction is the board-like material and the composite that adds bulk material formation therein of inside and outside hard, as composited aluminum and plastic decking, plastics or fiberglass therebetween foamed plastics etc., form air space (101) between watch box and the sidewall (112)]; Holder (115) but be the adjusting pin regulative mode of pin [regulate shown in Figure 102-104] of the height up and down that places the bottom; Hole (117) is water inlet pore (1172), spillway hole (1173) and a plurality of pore (1174) on bottom (111) and the sidewall (112).

Storage water control device (2) comprises to control water system (21) and drainage system (22).Storage control water system (21) is made up of feed pipe (211), water control device (212), storage area (213) and absorbent material (214).Feed pipe (211) one ends are connected with water main (4), and the other end stretches in the container containing (11); Water control device (212) is for being positioned at the little water tank that utilizes ball-cock assembly (2121) control water on the feed pipe (211), [water level in the little water tank of ball-cock assembly (2121) control in the little water tank is constant, utilize law of connected vessels, also control enters the interior water yield in storage area (213) simultaneously, shown in Figure 171,172, the effect of altitude that water in the storage area (213) is put by little water tank, when little water tank location is raised, water level in the storage area (213) raises, when little water tank location reduced, the water level in storage area (213) reduced].Absorbent material (214) is for immersing the plant growth medium (3) in the storage area (213).Drainage system (22) is spillway hole (1173) or the pore (1174) on sidewall (112) or bottom (11).

Matrix (3) is different materials, the plant growth medium (31) of the composite material that different-grain diameter is formed.The plant growth medium of composite material (31) is pressed order from top to bottom, bottom is large-size particles material (as large stone, a big particle diameter haydite etc.), bottom is most of to be immersed in the storage area (213), the middle part is the material (as vermiculite, perlite, coarse sand, stalk etc.) of small particle diameter, and the upper strata is the thinner plant growth medium of soil and/or granularity (as the peat composed of rotten mosses, sawdust, sand, vermiculite etc.) (as Figure 169).

The operation principle of this embodiment is: have the adjusting pin (1151) of regulatory function on A, bottom (111), can be fast that planter (1) installation is smooth on the ground of injustice, and ensure that each planter (1) is at same horizontal level; Secondly, owing to regulate the flexibility of pin, this embodiment optimum uses as interim greening; B, be positioned at outer backplate (114) protection of making by composite of sidewall (112), and a plurality of peviform things can be safeguarded, make planter (1) have aesthetic property, also prevent the injury to the planter in roadside such as pedestrian in the outside of peviform thing; Secondly, watch box also has insulation and prevents that external substance is to the corrosion of peviform thing (erosion of aging, the wind and weather that causes as radiation etc.); Its three, the air space that watch box and peviform thing form more improves the thermal and insulating performance of planter (1); C, feed pipe (211) are input to the water in the water main (4) in the interior storage area (213) of container containing (11), and the plant growth medium (3) that immerses in the storage area (213) directly sucks water the supply plant as absorbent material (214); The water control device (212) that occupy on the feed pipe (211) utilizes ball-cock assembly all the time that the water in storage area (213) is constant in the precalculated position, how many plants siphons away, automatically how many control devices just replenishes, just as subterranean water level keeps the skin wet to soil, during height of water level in needs are regulated storage areas (213), only need the moisture storage capacity (as Figure 171,172) that just can increase or reduce in the storage area (213) is upwards moved or moved down in the position of the little water tank of peviform planter (1) water control device (212) outward; Exceed predetermined water level if chance rain or other reason make in the storage area (213), spillway hole (13) is got rid of unnecessary water outside the container containing (11) automatically.The bottom that D, deep recessed pore (14) air that basin is outer import plant growth medium (31) has in the hole of bulky grain matrix in big space; form one deck flow air layer between the water in plant growth medium and storage area (213), ensure that plant root and edaphon have sufficient oxygen supply.

This embodiment adopts the simplest mode to simulate the plant growth environment of the similar the earth with the gentle environment of good water environment, and this plant planting device need not to water at any time, as long as the water that has that water main (4) does not stop is supplied with the just extraordinary growth of energy of plant; Secondly, because water is to supply with from the bottom of plant growth medium, top is relative very low with the plant growth medium water content of atmosphere contact, is therefore expended the water that falls with evaporated form with regard to seldom by soil; Its three because the bottom adopts adjustable adjusting pin form, assembling and disassembling is all very convenient, makes planter both can fixedly become permanent installation, can become the interim greening of setting up fast again and arrange; They are four years old; Watch box is best maintenance prevention and decoration, especially on the pavement, when festivals or holidays, flower bed was provided with, can be maintained as an integral body by quickly and easily that a pile is mixed and disorderly flowerpot.The planter of this embodiment is the little peviform thing of the scale of construction, is fit to the vertical greening of balcony, windowsill and the overpass of general family, is suitable for the greening located in pavement, isolation strip etc. and the interim greening of meeting, festivals or holidays etc. especially.

Embodiment 4:

According in the area, Shanghai the plant that is planted in the plantation basin being observed, except that the too big need of two months the hottest evaporation discharge watered, all the other time utilization rainwater can ensure plant normal growth in 1 year.Utilize the memory function of storage area (213), water a water and can keep about a week, therefore,, also only need water about ten times even there is not rain the hottest month the bimester.The moisture branch that is depicted as after common plantation basin waters as Figure 27 7 schemes (color is the water content height deeply among the figure), as shown in the figure, when soil is done to a certain degree in the plantation basin, adopt the mode of watering from top to bottom the situation shown in the image pattern 277 will occur, wet, the middle dried not saturating situation of watering of outer wall; Figure 27 8 is depicted as the situation that adopts plantation basin plantation plant of the present invention, as shown in the figure, even the soil in the container containing (11) has been done relatively very much, as long as but water, a part directly pours into soil, another part is stored in the storage area (213), and absorbent material (214) slowly imports plant growth medium with water again, makes the needs of the suitable friendship plant growing of moisture distribution of plant growth medium.What present embodiment adopted is not have the feed pipe feedwater, utilizes the rainwater man-made irrigation mode of holding concurrently.

As shown in Figure 4, the planter of plant planting device of the present invention (1) is the complex that container containing (11) and escapement (113), hole (117) etc. have the member formation of specific function.Container containing (11) is peviform or groove shape or the pond shape thing that bottom (111) and sidewall (112) constitute.Bottom (111) is folding for the cross section, the groove shape thing in straight partially perforated hole, surface, [bottom (111) form air space (102) with ground]; Sidewall (112) intersects in its appropriate location, middle part with the body of building by laying bricks or stones vertical or that tilt for bottom (111), forms with bottom (111) and divides body structure [container containing (11) material is the hollow material (as Figure 19) of single material].Escapement (113) is for placing the enclosed cross of planter (1), and the surface is straight and be covered with the tube [forming air space (103) between the water surface of escapement (113) inner body cavity and storage area (213)] of the circle of hole; Hole (117) is water inlet pore (1172), spillway hole (1173) and a plurality of pore (1174) on bottom (11) and the sidewall (112), [outside air enters air space (103) by pore (1174), communicates by hole on the escapement (113) and plant growth medium (3) interior hole and capillary again].

Storage water control device (2) comprises to control water system (21) and drainage system (22).Storage control water system (21) is made up of storage area (213) and absorbent material (214).Storage area (213) is the bottom of container containing (11), the interior and exocoelom of tubular interval device (113); Absorbent material (214) is for immersing the plant growth medium (3) in the storage area (213).Drainage system (22) is spillway hole (1173) or the pore (1174) on sidewall (112) or bottom (11).

Matrix (3) is the composite interstitial substance (32) that plant growth medium (31) and vent material (321), anchor (322) and surface covering (323) constitute.Plant growth medium (31) is the big particle diameter material (as large stone, bulky grain cinder, bulky grain haydite etc.) that is positioned at the bottom and the small particle diameter or particulate or the fibrous matter (as soil, sand, straw, sawdust, rock wool, peat, cinder, vermiculite etc.) (as Figure 21 1) that are positioned at the upper strata; Vent material (321) is the front of insertion matrix or the pertusate tube of tube wall (as Figure 21 3-216) of side, [as plastic tube, glass tube or earthenware etc.].Anchor (322) is the peviform material structure, the peviform material structure is for placing plant growth medium (31), bottom and/or lateral opening or pertusate peviform thing (as Figure 25 6-258), [shown in Figure 25 7, root system of plant pierces from the bottom surface and/or the lateral aperture of peviform anchor (332), is linked as integral body with the outer plant growth medium (31) of peviform anchor and plant is anchored in wherein]; Surface covering (323) is for there being the plastic film (as Figure 26 5) of micropore, [plastic film has good insulation, water retention property, though the micropore on the film has reduced insulation and moisture capacity, but increased the gas permeability and the phenology adaptive capacity of soil, and the micropore on the film can allow rainwater see through and infiltrates in the plant growth medium].

The operation principle of this embodiment is: the bottom of A, peviform (111) can water storage, can be got up side by side in a plurality of bottoms again, be assembled into big planting groove or bigger planting bed (as Figure 15-17), secondly, in the hole of the bottom bulky grain matrix of the air importing plant growth medium (31) that the pore (14) on the deep bottom (111) that is recessed into is outer with basin, ensure that plant root and edaphon have sufficient oxygen supply; Form the insulation system that air space (102) constitutes plant jointly between the sidewall (112) of B, hollow material structure (as Fig. 4,19) and bottom (111) and the ground, reduce from the influence of the phenology of bottom and side to plant.C, the many escapements (113) that are covered with the pipe shape of hole are separated into inside and outside a plurality of cavitys with container containing (11), outer the filling out of escapement (113) put plant growth medium, gap between the inner chamber body of escapement (113) and storage area (213) forms air space (103), one, play interval action, be separated out storage area (213) and air space (103); They are two years old, the gas exchange center, air space (103) both communicated with outside air by pore (1174), communicate again with in the hole of plant growth medium (31) and the capillary, form one deck flow air layer between the water in plant growth medium and storage area (213), ensure that plant root and edaphon have sufficient oxygen supply; Its three, allow root system of plant pass hole on it, with the mode anchoring plant of anchoring root system of plant, prevent that matrix is too loose and the root that causes is loosening.D, by sufficient rainwater resource is arranged in some specific place, have only the minority time to have the lack of water phenomenon in 1 year, therefore for many-sided purpose (as water saving, simplified apparatus, economize on resources etc.), the storage control water system (21) of this embodiment includes only storage area (213) and absorbent material (214), as shown in Figure 4, rainwater or the water that manually waters enter the storage area fast by breather pipe (321) and porose membranaceous surface covering (323), enter plant growth medium (31) from the bottom by absorbent material (214) then and supply with plant, at first, ensure that moisture branch is even in the plant growth medium (31), avoid occurring watering saturating and make the plant situation that causes death shown in Figure 27 7; Secondly, storage area (213) can store water fast, ensure the output of a relative time, avoid constantly the reciprocal management of watering, alleviate.E, place the anchor (322) of plant growth medium (31), mode by the anchoring plant root is with plant anchoring (as Figure 25 6-258), to make the time spent root loosening or uprooped because of external force such as wind to prevent plant, plant all is planted in the basin simultaneously, when plant transplantation, only the company's of need basin is extracted, and plants other place, exempts the plant death that causes because of transplanting.The breather pipe of F, surperficial cloth cover hole (321) inserts in the plant growth medium, and communicate with air space (103) in the escapement (113) by the gap in the bulky grain plant growth medium, promote the air in the air space (103) to flow, ensureing has fresh air to enter in the plant growth medium (31) and takes away toxic and harmful.G, surface covering (323) are for there being the plastic film (as Figure 26 5) of micropore, plastic film has good insulation, water retention property, though the micropore on the film has reduced insulation and moisture capacity, but increased the gas permeability and the phenology adaptive capacity of soil, and the micropore on the film can allow rainwater see through and penetrate in plant growth medium (31) and storage area (213); Secondly, because plant growth medium (31) surface has surface covering (323) to cover, both having made is that the matrix of very lightweight can not blown away by wind yet, avoids causing phenomenons such as airborne dust; They are three years old, the surface covering of film shape (323) can improve intramatrical water content, therefore, both has been that the not high matrix of specific retention does not influence plant growing yet, solved or the matrix specific retention is high and ventilate badly, or matrix is ventilated and the water holding deficiency influences the contradiction of plant growing; Its four, the film covering has good moisture capacity, can reduce Yin Gaowen and the moisture rapid evaporation brought, increases exponentially to store holding time of water.

Present embodiment reduces water evaporates by modes such as various provision for thermal insulations and use surface cover and ensures stable water supply, utilize hole and escapement, vent material etc. to create stable air and flow, simulate the plant growth environment of similar the earth with the gentle environment of good water environment; Secondly, natural resourcess such as rainwater have been utilized to greatest extent; Its three, the bottom of peviform assembly unit as required goes out different shape, the planting groove of arbitrary area or planting bed; Its four, the insulation ability of planter has been improved jointly by adopting big material of hollow structure and thermal resistance and bottom and the air space of ground formation in planter sidewall and bottom; Its five, the escapement of tubulose and breather pipe are facilitated compression ring border good in the plant growth medium jointly; Its six, the anchor of peviform had both helped the transplanting of nursery stock, easily plant was fixed again; They are seven years old, the film of band micropore has certain permeable, airing function, rain penetration can be gone into plant growth medium, when high temperature, overheated steam can be appeared, but can intercept frost, snow, wind etc. are to the direct infringement of plant root, and film can prevent that wind from blowing away plant growth medium and the dust raising phenomenon that causes, conjunctival water conservation gas permeability and anchor can use the very loose plant growth medium of lightweight to the fixation of plant simultaneously, the potential safety hazard of avoiding planter too heavily building to be brought because of deadweight, the surface coverage film with certain surface albedo also can improve the luminous environment of plant.Owing to adopted this embodiment of above-mentioned measure to have extremely strong environmental suitability, can be made into very big very long planting groove, this planting groove optimum be used for the roof, and the isolation strip greening and the nursery of road grow seedlings.

Embodiment 5:

As shown in Figure 5, the planter of plant planting device of the present invention (1) is the complex that container containing (11) and escapement (113), watch box (114) holder (115), overcover (116), hole (117) etc. have the member formation of specific function.Container containing (11) is peviform thing or the groove shape thing that bottom (111) and sidewall (112) constitute.Bottom (111) is cross section half arc, the plate object that the surface is straight; Sidewall (112) is the extension of bottom (111) at vertical and/or incline direction, forms conjoined structure with bottom (111).The cross section bending of escapement (113) for placing planter (1), the surface is covered with the plate object of hole, [forming air space (103) between the storage area (213) of escapement (113) and bottom]; Watch box (114) is for placing the plate object (1141) of the outer cross section bending in sidewall (112) and bottom (111), [as shown in Figure 5, the plate object that tabular watch box (1141) is one or more cross section bending, the surface is straight, watch box and sidewall are filled with heat preserving and insulating material between (112), (as foamed plastics, mineral wool, asbestos, fibrous material etc.)]; Holder (115) is suspension arrangement (1154) (shown in Figure 118-123); Overcover (116) is for being fixed in the shelter (as Figure 133) on the watch box (1142) of building by laying bricks or stones, [shelter is the plate object of hyalomitome material, as glass, lucite etc.]; Hole (117) has into water pore (1172), spillway hole (1173) and a plurality of pore (1174) on the sidewall, [outside air enters air space (103) by pore (1174), communicates by hole on the escapement (113) and plant growth medium (3) interior hole and capillary again].

Storage water control device (2) comprises storage control water system (21) and drainage system (22).Storage control water system (21) is made of feed pipe (211), water control device (212), storage area (213) and absorbent material (214).Water control device (212) is for utilizing the storage tank (4) of negative pressure control water, feed pipe (211) one ends are connected with storage tank (4), the other end feeds in the interior storage area (213) of planter (1), muffler (a 2125) also end is connected with storage tank (4), the other end feeds in the interior storage area (213) of planter (1), or shown in Figure 163,165, storage tank carries return-air mouth (2125); Absorbent material (214) is that an end places escapement (113) upward to contact with plant growth medium (31), and the other end immerses the water-absorbing material (as Figure 20 1-206) in the storage area (213).Drainage system (22) is drainpipe (221) or the drainage pipeline networks (222) on the sidewall (112).

Matrix (3) is the composite interstitial substance (32) that plant growth medium (31) and vent material (321), anchor (322) constitute.Plant growth medium (31) is single plant growth medium or the mixture of several plant growth substrate (as soil, sand, straw, sawdust, rock wool, peat, cinder, vermiculite etc.); Vent material (321) is for inserting tubulose or shelly or the net or the satchel (as Figure 180-184) [bulk material is the material that haydite, perlite, little large stone etc. have hole] of bulk material; Anchor (322) is bolt, bolt structure, and described bolt, bolt structure are screw or bolt and planter (1) bottom (111) and/or escapement (113) relation (as Figure 24 4-247) that constitutes power [bolt, bolt structure for the power by bolt or screw and planter (1) generation fixedly the mode anchoring plant of plant growth medium (31)].

The operation principle of this embodiment is: A, insert heat preserving and insulating material between sidewall (112) and watch box (114), because the material thermal resistance is big, planter is played function of heat insulation.B, watch box (114) have blocked the direct influence to planter (1) implants growth substrate (31) such as sunlight, radiation, and ensureing in the plant growth medium (31) has good temperature environment; Secondly, watch box (114) had both played keep the sun off direct projection and shading wind and rain to the erosion of planter, again as the decorative element that hangs on the planter on the building; C, be fixed in the tabular shelter (1161) of the hyalomitome material on the watch box (114), both can see through sunlight, can block the infringement of high wind again to plant, [shown in Figure 136,137, the planter that hangs on the building is attacked by high wind very easily, by direction and the intensity that fixing baffle plate can change wind is set, can largely alleviate the influence that wind causes plant].D, tabular escapement (113), planter is divided into two cavitys up and down, plant growth medium (31) is positioned at the top body cavity, the bottom body cavity is as storage area (213), the air space (103) that forms between escapement (113) and storage area (213) communicates with outside air by drainpipe (221) and pore (1174), the hole that go up to gather by escapement (113) communicates with hole and capillary in the plant growth medium (31) again, the air that inserts in vent material (321) the acceleration air space (103) in the plant growth medium (31) flows, and ensureing in the plant growth medium (31) has good compression ring border; E, the muffler (2125) that storage tank (4) utilizes the fluctuation in stage in the storage area (213) to open or close storage tank (4) is reached the purpose of moisture storage capacity in the control storage area (213), shown in Figure 163-165, when the water level in the storage area reduces, expose the termination of muffler (2125), air enters in the storage tank (4), the interior negative pressure value of storage tank (4) reduces, water in the storage tank (4) just flows in the storage area (213) by feed pipe (211), when the water in storage area (213) did not have the return-air mouth of pipe, air duct is blocked, the interior negative pressure value of storage tank (4) increases, water just can not flow when increasing to a certain value, when the water level in storage area (213) descends once more, expose once more the termination of muffler, and air enters once more, and water flows out again, all the time keep a constant relatively water level in storage area (213), ensureing in the plant growth medium (31) has good water environment like this.Negative pressure water tank water control device is to the adjusting of water level in the storage area: shown in Figure 163, storage tank (4) places outside the planter (1), muffler (2125) is positioned on the storage tank (4), according to law of connected vessels, when improve storage tank (4) position, water level in the storage area (213) also raises relatively, and when storage tank (4) position reduced, the water level in storage area (213) also reduced (as Figure 166,167) relatively; Feed pipe shown in Figure 164,165 (211) and muffler 2124) all place the structure of storage area (213), the method of utilization shown in Figure 168,169 regulated the water level in the storage area (213), shown in Figure 168, when raising the port height of the middle return pipe (2125) in storage area (213), storage area (213) middle water level raises, shown in Figure 169, when reducing the port height of the middle return pipe (2125) in storage area (213), storage area (213) middle water level reduces.F, shown in Fig. 5,201-206, place absorbent material one end on the escapement (113) to stretch into storage area (213) suction, the other end contacts with plant growth medium, simultaneously with the suction of the water in the storage area and pass to plant growth medium; G, place the anchor (322) of escapement (113) conduct of plant growth medium (31) bottom, the mode by the anchoring root system of plant is with the plant anchoring; Secondly, place the bolt of plant growth medium (31), the anchor of bolt structure (322) is fixing with plant growth medium (31) as anchor clamps, also plant is fixed in wherein simultaneously, mode by anchoring plant growth medium (31) is with the plant anchoring, make plant can bear of the injury of external force such as wind to plant, shown in Figure 24 2, plant is not having under the situation of anchor, thereby external force effect meetings such as wind cause the loosening plant root that influences of root matrix, shown in Figure 24 3, after adopting fixedly plant growth medium (31), under external force effects such as wind, have only the cane bending, plant root is unaffected.

This embodiment both adopts the plant growth environment that simulates the similar the earth with very suitable plant growing by stable temperature environment, stable water environment and stable compression ring border; Secondly, the mode of anchor by anchoring plant root and anchoring plant growth medium makes plant have the ability of stronger adverse circumstances such as wind resistance the plant anchoring; Its three, the effect that the existing insulation of tabular watch box, heat insulation, sunshade, weather proof etc. are corroded is again to hanging on the preferably decoration of the planter on the building; Its four, be fixed in the shutter on the backplate, neither influence the normal growth of plant, block the injury to plant such as high wind, cold current for plant again.The greening that this embodiment is primarily aimed at and hangs on outside window, building wall, overpass are outer etc. locates had both had aesthetic utility, built good plant growth environment again.

Embodiment 6:

Present embodiment is a typical substrate soiless cultivation system, and still, soilless culture is because temp. and humidity requires highly, and matrix is loose, the only suitable booth environment of factors such as adverse environment resistant condition difference.Present embodiment just is based on the deficiency of above soilless culture, a kind of suitable device that waits soilless cultivation plant under the adverse circumstances in the open air of invention.

As shown in Figure 6, the planter of plant planting device of the present invention (1) is the complex that container containing (11) and escapement (113), overcover (116) etc. have the member formation of specific function.Container containing (11) is peviform thing or groove shape thing or the pond shape thing that a solids is recessed on, [shown in Fig. 6,13, the container containing of present embodiment (11) is laid one deck waterproof material (brush water-repellent paint or shop waterproof membrane) at the underground groove that digs].(11 are divided into two cavitys up and down with container containing to have absorptive escapement (113), top is filled out and is put plant growth medium (31), the bottom is storage area (213), and escapement stretches in the storage area (213) partly as absorbent material (214) [forming air space (103) between the water surface of escapement (113) inner body cavity and storage area (213)].Overcover is that [material of overcover (1161) is one or more layers netted sunshade net or film for shelter (1161) (as Figure 126) that supporting construction is arranged and/or covering (1162) (as Fig. 6,135); The material of covering (1162) also is one or more layers netted sunshade net or film; Supporting construction is the keel that passive metal, plastics, bamboo and wood etc. are manufactured].

Storage water control device (2) comprises storage control water system (21) and drainage system (22).Storage control water system (21) is made up of feed pipe (211), water control device (212), water storage (liquid) district (213) and absorbent material (214).Water control device (212) is time controller (2122) or sensor (2123).Time control (2122) device is given in the planter for nutrient solution (as Fig. 6,174) according to preset time program start electric power starting water pump (2124); Sensor is to start electric power starting water pump (2121) according to parameter values such as the temperature in the plant growth medium, humidity to give in the planter for nutrient solution (as Figure 175).Nutrient solution or water from the plant growth medium surface or the bottom add; Feed pipe (211) one ends link to each other with water pump (2124), and the other end connects a plurality of shower nozzles or the dropper (as Figure 176,177) on water storage (liquid) district (213) or the plant growth medium; Drainage system (22) is that an end feeds in the planter (1), and the other end feeds the drainage pipeline networks (222) in the liquid storage tank (4).

Matrix (3) is not for there being the composite interstitial substance (32) of native plant growth medium (31) and vent material (321), anchor (322), surface covering (323) formation.Plant growth medium (31) is single soilless substrate or the mixture of soilless substrate (as sand, straw, sawdust, rock wool, peat, cinder, vermiculite etc.); Vent material (321) is the front of insertion matrix or the porose tube (as Figure 21 3-216) of tube wall of side, [as plastic tube, glass tube or earthenware etc.]; Anchor (322) is for placing at least one tunic shape or the netted or felt-like material (as Figure 24 8-252) in the middle part of the plant growth medium (31).Described Web materials be the described film material of the fabric of orderly or unordered one or more fibrous materials or non-fabric (as Figure 25 0,251) [if any spinning or cloth of nonwoven, screen window, fleece etc.] be hole is arranged tympan (as Figure 24 9) [as porose plastic film, newspaper etc.], described felt-like material is the class felted thing (as Figure 25 2) [as fibrofelt, tapetum fibrosum etc.] of orderly or unordered one or more fibrous materials; Surface covering is plastic film (as Figure 26 6).

The operation principle of this embodiment is: A, the direct planter (1) that digs out the groove shape on the ground, saved the material of making container containing (11), and soil is best watch box (114) simultaneously, has good thermal and insulating performance.B, shown in Figure 126,138, netted shelter (1161) utilizes Web materials can reduce the intensity of wind, changes the characteristic of face wind direction, adopts one or more layers web frame as required; Or the covering (1162) of employing shown in Fig. 6,135, use Web materials can block strong sunshine, slow down wind speed, but use the film thermal insulation wetting.C, utilize water control device (212) control of pump (2121) of time controller or sensor that nutrient solution in the liquid storage tank (4) or water are pumped in the planter (1), the end of feed pipe (211) has countless shower nozzles or dropper (2122) (as Figure 176,177), shower nozzle or dropper (2122) water water or nutrient solution downwards from plant growth medium (3) top, water or nutrient solution come together in water storage (liquid) district (213) of planter (1) bottom then, by drainage system (22) nutrient solution or water are refluxed back in the liquid storage tank (4) during liquid level in exceeding predetermined liquid storage district (213).After water pump (2121) quits work, in storage area (213), store a certain amount of nutrient solution, escapement (113) with absorbent function imports plant growth medium (31) with the nutrient solution in liquid storage district (213) and supplies with plant, and the nutrient solution in water storage (liquid) district (213) can satisfy the needs of plant in a period of time.It mainly is the oxygen content in the liquid of having additional nutrients by the purpose of nutrient solution circulation that pump is used in common soilless culture, ensure that root system of plant has sufficient oxygen to supply with, the escapement of this embodiment (113) communicates with outside air by vent material (321) with air space (103) between the liquid storage district, form the flow air layer, root system of plant stretches into suction and air-breathing at air space in water storage (liquid) district (213) by the hole on the escapement (113), airflow flowing also enters the interior plant supplemental oxygen of giving of hole of plant growth medium by escapement (113), can fully satisfy root system like this to water, liquid, the demand of gas, and can significantly reduce the cycle-index of nutrient solution.D, place plant growth medium (31) bottom or membranaceous or netted or blanket shape anchor wherein, its operation principle all is to utilize root system of plant to pass wherein, with the mode anchoring plant of anchoring root system of plant.E, place its operation principle of film-like surface covering (323) on plant growth medium (31) surface similar to common plastic film, main purpose is the minimizing water evaporates, insulation etc.

This embodiment utilizes time controller or humidity sensor control pump to carrying nutrient solution to create the gentle environment of water environment that is fit to plant growing in the plant growth medium, this is similar to common soilless culture, but the nutrient solution that allows that common soilless culture need not stop for the oxygen content of the liquid that has additional nutrients circulates, and increases the usage amount of energy consumption and nutrient solution.This embodiment owing to adopt has absorptive escapement and to ensure that from the storage area suction sufficient water supplies with, and the good compression ring border of air space is arranged, and can fully satisfy the demand of plant to water, fertilizer, gas, and can reduce management and reduce to lack and consume energy; Secondly, this embodiment adopts that plant alleviates outdoor phenology plant is influenced in the guarantee planters such as anchor, surface covering, overcover.

Embodiment 7

As shown in Figure 7, the planter of plant planting device of the present invention (1) is the complex that container containing (11) and escapement (113), hole (117) etc. have the member formation of specific function.Container containing (11) is peviform thing or the groove shape thing that bottom (111) and sidewall (112) constitute.Bottom (111) is that the cross section is straight, the plate object that the surface is straight; Sidewall (112) is the extension of bottom (111) at vertical and/or incline direction, forms conjoined structure, [container containing (11) material is the solid material of single material, as (as Figure 18) such as plastics, fiberglass, potteries] with bottom (111).Escapement (113) is for placing the container-like thing bottom the container containing (11).Have on sidewall (112) and/or bottom (111) into and on water pore (12), bottom (111) spillway hole (13) and a plurality of pore (14) are arranged.

Storage water control device (2) comprises storage control water system (21) and drainage system (22).Storage control water system (21) is made up of feed pipe (211), water control device (212), storage area (213) and absorbent material (214).Feed pipe (211) one ends are connected with storage tank (4), and the other end stretches into the inner coelom of the container-like escapement (113) in the container containing (11); Water control device (212) is for being positioned at the little water tank that utilizes ball-cock assembly (2121) control water on the feed pipe (211), [water level in the little water tank of ball-cock assembly (2121) control in the little water tank is constant, utilize law of connected vessels, also control enters the interior water yield in storage area (213) simultaneously, shown in Figure 171,172, the effect of altitude that water in the storage area (213) is put by little water tank, when little water tank location is raised, water level in the storage area (213) raises, when little water tank location reduced, the water level in storage area (213) reduced].Absorbent material (214) is that an end places storage area (213), and the other end inserts the absorbent material in the plant growth medium (31).

Matrix (3) is plant growth medium (31) and vent material (321) and the common composite interstitial substance (32) that constitutes of surface coating material (323).Plant growth medium (31) has soil and/or a soilless substrate for relatively loose; Surface covering (323) is for being wrapped in plant growth medium (31) satchel wherein, [material of satchel is common film or thick black plastic film or bag weaved (as Figure 26 7-271)]; Breather pipe (321) is divided into two parts, a part is for passing the bottom that container-like escapement (113) inserts plant growth medium (31), and another part is covered with the tube (as Figure 21 3-216) or the husk (as Figure 21 7-222) of hole for the surface of inserting from plant growth medium top.

The operation principle of this embodiment is: A, feed pipe (211) with the water in the water main (4) be input to container-like escapement (113) inner coelom as storage area (213) in, immerse absorbent material in the storage area (213) and water is sucked by osmosis import in the plant growth medium (31); The water control device (212) that occupy on the feed pipe (211) utilizes ball-cock assembly all the time that the water in storage area (213) is constant in the precalculated position, how many plants siphons away, automatically how many control devices just replenishes, just as subterranean water level keeps the skin wet to soil, during height of water level in needs are regulated storage areas (213), only need the moisture storage capacity (as Figure 171,172) that just can increase or reduce in the storage area (213) is upwards moved or moved down in the position of the little water tank of peviform planter (1) water control device (212) outward; B, water place the inner chamber of container escapement (113), exempt the influence to water such as pollutions, microorganism, also owing to water places container-like escapement (113) than directly placing the basin and many alternating floor, have better heat insulation property; The surface covering (323) of C, plant growth medium bedding bag shape is wrapped in wherein, insulation, water-retaining effect had both been played, can prevent that again wind drenches with rain to the influence of plant growth medium, also because plant growth medium (31) is wrapped wherein, but the plant growth medium that operating weight is very light, make manufacturing, carrying, transport and be filled into and all become very easy in the planter, and the easier standardization of products that makes; D, the tubulose vent material of inserting in the plant growth medium (31) (321) ensure in the plant growth medium that good compression ring border is arranged.

This embodiment adopts very simple mode to simulate the plant growth environment of the similar the earth with the gentle environment of fine water environment, the maximum bright spot of this embodiment is the benefit that the film of bag shape benefit that plant growth medium parcel is brought and container-like escapement water storage are brought, the surface covering of bag shape almost have the film that directly overlays on the plant growth medium be beneficial to and also have manufacturing, transportation, benefits such as the filling and the standardization of products, and be enclosed within water wherein because do not contact with external environment by container-like escapement, exempted water quality and degenerated, fouled and planter unnecessary trouble such as leak.This embodiment is owing to have above benefit, and the plantation basin form that the most suitable employing scale of construction is little is fit to the greening of general balcony, windowsill and overpass.

Embodiment 8

As shown in Figure 8, the planter of plant planting device of the present invention (1) is that container containing (11) and the hole (117) on it constitute.Container containing (11) is peviform thing or the groove shape thing that bottom (111) and sidewall (112) constitute.Bottom (111) is that the cross section is straight, the plate object that the surface is straight; Sidewall (112) is the extension of bottom (111) at vertical and/or incline direction, forms conjoined structure, [container containing (11) material is the solid material of single material, as (as Figure 18) such as plastics, fiberglass, potteries] with bottom (111).Have on sidewall (112) and/or bottom (111) into and on water pore (12), bottom (111) spillway hole (13) and a plurality of pore (14) are arranged.

Storage water control device (2) comprises storage control water system (21) and drainage system (22).Storage control water system (21) is made up of feed pipe (211), water control device (212), storage area (213) and absorbent material (214).Feed pipe (211) one ends are connected with storage tank (4), and the other end penetrates in the peviform planter (1) and directly inserts in the plant growth medium (31); Water control device (212) is for being positioned at the little water tank that utilizes ball-cock assembly (2121) control water on the feed pipe (211), [water level in the little water tank of ball-cock assembly (2121) control in the little water tank is constant, utilize law of connected vessels, also control enters the interior water yield in storage area (213) simultaneously, shown in Figure 171,172, the effect of altitude that water in the storage area (213) is put by little water tank, when little water tank location is raised, water level in the storage area (213) raises, when little water tank location reduced, the water level in storage area (213) reduced].Storage area (213) is for feeding the inner body cavity and the endoceliac absorbent material of feed pipe of the feed pipe (211) in the planter (1); Absorbent material (214) contacts the fibrous water-absorbent material that the other end contacts with plant growth medium (31), [fibrous water-absorbent material is for having absorptive chemical fibre or not perishable fabric] for inserting in the feed pipe (211) with water in the feed pipe.

Matrix (3) is plant growth medium (31) and the common composite interstitial substance (32) that constitutes of vent material (321), anchor (322) and membranaceous cladding material (323).Plant growth medium (31) has soil and/or a soilless substrate for relatively loose; Surface covering (323) is for being wrapped in plant growth medium (31) wherein satchel (as Figure 26 7-271), [material of satchel is common film or thick plastic film or bag weaved]; Vent material (321) has two kinds, and a kind of is the tube (as Figure 21 3-216) that is covered with hole from the surface of plant growth medium top insertion, and another kind is the husk (as Figure 21 7-221) that injects from the bottom.Shown in Figure 25 6-258, root system of plant pierces from the bottom surface and/or the lateral aperture of peviform anchor (322), enter the outer plant growth medium of peviform anchor, the plant growth medium that peviform escapement (322) is interior and outer is linked as integral body and plant is anchored in wherein.

The operation principle of this embodiment is: A, feed pipe (211) are input to the water in the water main (4) in the planter (1) and directly are stored in health, fibrous absorbent material (214) sucks water by [fibrous absorbent material has very strong water absorbing capacity in the osmosis importing plant growth medium (31), water can be risen to certain height, therefore, putting of planter can not be subjected to water control device (212) to control the restriction of height of water level, utilize this principle, putting of planter can be flexible relatively]; B, the water control device (212) that occupy on the feed pipe (211) utilize ball-cock assembly all the time that the water in peviform planter (1) storage area (213) is constant in the precalculated position, how many plants siphons away, automatically how many control devices just replenishes, just as subterranean water level keeps the skin wet to soil, during height of water level in needs are regulated storage areas (213), only need the moisture storage capacity (as Figure 171,172) that just can increase or reduce in the storage area (213) is upwards moved or moved down in the position of the little water tank of peviform planter (1) water control device (212) outward; C, water come out just directly to enter plant growth medium (31) from water main (4), reduced pollution that intermediate link brings and waste etc., the seepage of also having avoided the planter water storage to cause; The film (323) of D, plant growth medium (31) bedding bag shape is wrapped in wherein, insulation, water-retaining effect had both been played, can prevent that again wind drenches with rain to the influence of plant growth medium, also because plant growth medium (31) is wrapped wherein, but the plant growth medium that operating weight is very light, make manufacturing, carrying, transport and be filled into and all become very easy in the planter, and the easier standardization of products that makes; E, the vent material of inserting in the plant growth medium (31) (321) ensure in the plant growth medium that good compression ring border is arranged.F, place the anchor (322) of plant growth medium (31), mode by the anchoring plant root is with plant anchoring (as Figure 25 6-258), to make the time spent root loosening or uprooped because of external force such as wind to prevent plant, plant all is planted in the basin simultaneously, when plant transplantation, only the company's of need basin is extracted, and plants other place, exempts the plant death that causes because of transplanting.

This embodiment equally adopts very simple mode to simulate the plant growth environment of the similar the earth with the gentle environment of fine water environment with embodiment 7, this embodiment not only adopts the film of the bag shape of embodiment 7, also the feed pipe of more simplifying that utilizes directly enters plant growth medium, simplified apparatus structure, simultaneously because of not needing a large amount of water storages to become lighter by planter, can not wait yet and cause the anxious potential safety hazard of bringing to building that increases of planter weight, also make feedwater become more stable because of having lacked intermediate steps because of raining.This embodiment is more suitable for the greening of balcony, windowsill and overpass owing to have above benefit on the basis of embodiment 7.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing this working condition of inventing each parts is further described:

Planter (1)

Planter (1):

1, planter (1) is that top is or/and sidewall opening has the container containing (11) (as Fig. 9,10) of certain cavity.

2, planter (1) is for container containing (11) and placed on it or its bottom or wherein or the complex (as Figure 11,12) that constitutes of one or more members with specific function that it is overhead or it is outer, the member of described specific function comprises escapement (113), watch box (114), holder (115), overcover (116), hole (117).

Container containing (11):

1., container containing (11) is peviform thing or groove shape thing or the pond shape thing that a solids is recessed on.[as shown in figure 13, solids is soil, stone material, masonry etc., the recessed hole that recessed peviform thing or groove shape thing or pond shape thing form on soil, stone material, masonry etc. for modes such as utilization are mechanical or manually dig, cut a hole, cut, cut, groove, pond etc.].

2., container containing (11) is the one or more bottoms (111) and peviform thing or the groove shape thing or the pond shape thing of sidewall (112) formation.[shown in Figure 14-17, Figure 14 is that basin is planted with the column that sidewall (112) constitutes in a bottom (111); Figure 15 is the planting groove that two or more bottoms (111) and sidewall (112) constitute; Figure 16,17 is the planting bed that a plurality of bottoms (111) and sidewall (112) constitute, and Figure 16 is the plane of planting bed, and Figure 17 is the profile of planting bed].

Bottom (111):

The bottom (111) be single or composite [shown in Figure 18-22, Figure 18 is the material of single material, as pottery, porcelain, plastics, resin, fiberglass, gypsum, cement, metal etc.; Figure 19 is single material hollow structure, and single material hollow structure is the hole that increases material internal on single material basis, and purpose is to reduce the thermal conductivity of material, increases the thermal and insulating performance of material; Figure 20-22 is the composite construction of multiple material, as in the middle of at plastics, metal etc. or outside liner heat preserving and insulating material etc., purpose is the thermal and insulating performance that further increases bottom (111)], the cross section is straight (as Figure 28) or crooked (as Figure 24,26,29) or folding (as Figure 25,27,32,33), surfacing (as Figure 23-29) or concavo-convex (as Figure 30,31,34) or/and the tabular or groove shape or the peviform thing of hole (as Figure 32,33) are arranged.[shown in Figure 23-35, Figure 24,28,30,31 is tabular bottom; Figure 23,25-27,29 are the bottom of groove shape; Figure 32-35 is the bottom of peviform].

[effect of bottom: 1, the bottom purpose of single material heat preserving and insulating material or hollow structure material or composite structure is to increase the thermal and insulating performance of container containing, improves the ability of planter anti-adverse environment; 2, the crooked or folding bottom purpose in cross section is to make the bottom to produce concavo-convex groove, and recessed groove can water storage, and the hole on the protruding ridge can ventilated (as Figure 32,33)].

Sidewall (112):

1., sidewall (112) is the extension (as Figure 36-38) of bottom (111) at vertical or incline direction, constitutes conjoined structure with bottom (111).

2., sidewall (112) is bottom (111) and single or composite, that the cross section is straight is crooked or folding, surfacing (as Figure 88) or concavo-convex (as Figure 89-91), uprightly (as Figure 39,40) or tilt (as Figure 41) plate object of putting or build body by laying bricks or stones and appropriate location or base intersect (as Figure 39-41) in the middle constitutes with bottom (111) and divides a body structure.

[effect of sidewall: 1, the material structure of sidewall (112) is identical with the bottom, and purpose is the thermal and insulating performance that increases sidewall (112).2, the surface of sidewall (112) is depicted as even curface as Figure 88, electroplates treatment surface such as overlay film as the smooth finish surface or the spraying of material itself; As Figure 89-91 is convex-concave surface, its surface can be the uneven of material self surface or the male and fomale(M﹠F) of PROCESS FOR TREATMENT such as dash, presses, bores, cuts, cuts, or the male and fomale(M﹠F) of PROCESS FOR TREATMENT such as mill, cutter, carving, quarter, or the male and fomale(M﹠F) of PROCESS FOR TREATMENT such as spraying, plucking, no matter flat surface or convex-concave surface, primary and foremost purpose all is increase planter (1) ornamental, and secondly, some heat-reflective coatings etc. can improve the thermal and insulating performance of sidewall (111)].

Escapement (113):

1., escapement (113) is for placing container containing (11), container containing (11) is separated into up and down or inside and outside two or more cavitys, that the cross section is straight is crooked or folding, surfacing or concavo-convex or/and be covered with membranaceous or plate object (as Figure 42-46) or the groove shape thing (as Figure 47-51) or the peviform thing (as Figure 52-54) of hole.

2., escapement (113) is for placing container containing (11), container containing (11) is separated into up and down or inside and outside two or more cavitys enclosed cross or opening, surfacing or concavo-convex or/and be covered with the tube (as Figure 55-67) of the different shape of hole.

3., escapement (113) is for placing container containing (11), container containing (11) is separated into up and down or inside and outside two or more cavitys, sealing or opening, the surface is straight or concavo-convex or/and be covered with the container-like thing (as Figure 68-72) [be depicted as the escapement (113) of bag shape as Figure 69, plant growth medium (31) places in the bag] of the different shape of hole.

4., escapement (113) is for placing container containing (11), container containing (11) is separated into up and down or inside and outside two or more cavitys, tabular or groove shape or peviform thing and be connected or composite structure (as Figure 73-79) that support member forms.

[effect of escapement: 1, interval action, container containing is separated into the water storage of not only isolating but also connecting each other, a plurality of zones of ventilation, ensured the gentle environment of water environment good in the plant growth medium; 2, anchorage effect, the escapement that is covered with hole passes hole on it by root system of plant, with the plant anchoring, prevents that matrix is too loose and the root that causes is loosening in the mode of anchoring root system of plant].

Watch box (114):

Watch box (114) is for placing the outer plate object (1141) (as Figure 79-82) in container containing (11) sidewall (112) and/or bottom (111) or building thing (1142) (as Figure 83-84) by laying bricks or stones or deposit (1143) (as Figure 85-87).

1., plate object (1141) be single or composite [shown in Figure 18-22, Figure 18 is the material of single material, as plastics, resin, pottery, porcelain, glass, fiberglass, metal, bamboo and wood etc.; Figure 19 is single material hollow structure, and single material hollow structure is the hole that increases material internal on single material basis, and purpose is to reduce the thermal conductivity of material, increases the thermal and insulating performance of material; Figure 20-22 is the composite construction of multiple material, as centre or back side liner heat preserving and insulating material at hard backplate (1141), purpose all is anti-solar irradiation and the thermal and insulating performance that strengthens tabular watch box (1141)], one or more cross section is straight crooked or folding (as Figure 79-81,96-97), the plate (as Figure 88-90,92-94) of surfacing or concavo-convex or/and hollow out, or by the tabular or paliform of surperficial straight or the concavo-convex or hollow out of assembling such as bar, piece, film or splicing or casting or inflate membranoid substance (as Figure 91,95-103).

[effect of tabular watch box (1141): tabular watch box (1141) topmost effect in planter is to decorate, and purpose is that planter and environment are merged; Next is sunshade, keeps the sun off to the direct radiation of planter; It three is insulations, forms air space with sidewall (112), increases the thermal resistance of planter and external environment.Therefore, the surface of tabular watch box (1141) plays important effect in its function performance, be depicted as even curface as Figure 88, treatment surface such as overlay film are electroplated in smooth finish surface or spraying as material itself, there is very big choice on tabular watch box (1141) surface of spraying etc., can easily planter and environment be merged, place the planter on the building vertical plane especially, some surface-coated thing also has the function that flashes back the sunlight, and helps further to improve the sunshade and the thermal and insulating performance of tabular watch box (1141); As Figure 89-91 is convex-concave surface, its surface can be the uneven of material self surface or the male and fomale(M﹠F) of PROCESS FOR TREATMENT such as dash, presses, bores, cuts, cuts, or the male and fomale(M﹠F) of PROCESS FOR TREATMENT such as mill, cutter, carving, quarter, or the male and fomale(M﹠F) of PROCESS FOR TREATMENT such as spraying, plucking; Figure 92-94 is the tabular watch box (1141) in the hole with holes of punching press or hollow out, Figure 98-100 is the tabular watch box (1141) of paliform, the tabular watch box (1141) of paliform is grid or railing or fence, though the tabular watch box (1141) in paliform and hole with holes is little to the insulation of planter and sunshade contribution, have stronger ornamental; Figure 101-103 is the membranaceous watch box (1141) of inflation, and the membranoid substance of inflation had both had good heat insulation property, again can sunshade, also have extremely strong ornamentally, be specially adapted to interim places such as square greening].

2., build plate object that the certain scale of construction arranged or the masonry (as Figure 83-84) of thing (1142) by laying bricks or stones for making or build by laying bricks or stones with jointing material with construction material.

[build the effect of thing watch box by laying bricks or stones: 1, be decoration function; 2, be fixation, protection container containing (11) can not blown away when high wind or blow and turn over; 3, be sunshade; protection container containing (11) can be by the plant growth medium heating of radiation in it not also when strong solar radiation; cooperate the conduction with the air space trap heat on sidewall (112) and bottom and ground, container containing (11) is had the effect of insulation].

3., deposit (1143) is directly to pile up the powder of certain scale of construction or/and granular substance outside container containing (11), or at plate object (1141) or build by laying bricks or stones on the basis of thing (1142) and pile up the powder of certain scale of construction or/and granular substance (as Figure 85-87).[powder is or/and granular substance has the material of certain scale of construction again for loosening, as large stone, breeze, wood chip, sand, earth, straw etc.; Or the unconsolidated material surface covers one deck covering, and as plastic film, cement, plaster are smeared etc.].

[effect of deposit watch box: container containing (11) is gone along with sb. to guard him, first fixation, protection container containing (11) can not blown away when high wind or blow and turn over; It two is sunshades, and protection container containing (11) can be by the plant growth medium heating of thermal radiation in it when strong solar radiation; Its three, thick deposit has the heat insulation property of similar the earth, and container containing (11) is had fabulous function of heat insulation.】。

Holder (115):

Holder (115) forms adjusting pin (1151) or bearing (1152) or tourelle (1153) or the outstanding fixing apparatus (1154) of supporting relation for placing on the container containing (11) or with container containing (11).

1., regulate pin (1151) and support relation for being fixed in bottom (111) (as Figure 104) or placing on the ground to constitute with bottom (111) (as Figure 110), utilize mechanical system that holder is elongated or shortened and change the device (as Figure 104-110) of the height of container containing (11).[mechanical system shown in Figure 105,106 is for regulating the height of holder in the mode of screw thread rotation, the mechanical system shown in Figure 108,109 is the fixing holder that can stretch up and down of mode of pressing with the screw card].

[regulate the effect of pin: 1, can on irregular ground container containing (11) in groups be adjusted into same horizontal level fast; 2, with container containing (11) pad overhead, improve the thermal and insulating performance of container containing (11)].

2., bearing (1152) forms with bottom (111) and supports relation for being fixed in container containing (11) bottom (111) (as Figure 111) or being fixed on the ground (as Figure 112,113), makes container containing (11) keep the device (as Figure 111-113) of a certain ad-hoc location.[bearing (1152) that is fixed in the container containing bottom is pin or pin that installed afterwards or support that container containing carries, and being fixed in ground bearing is the masonry of construction material making or the support that plays the liner effect].

[the effect of bearing: 1, convenient and swift and with low cost allow in groups or container containing (11) in a row keeps same horizontal level; That 2, reduces container containing (11) and ground contacts the thermal and insulating performance of raising container containing (11)].

3., tourelle (1153) makes the mobile device (as Figure 114-117) of container containing (11) for being fixed in container containing (11) bottom (111) in the mode of rolling.[tourelle (1153) as Figure 114,115 is depicted as level altitude is depicted as height-adjustable tourelle as Figure 116,117].

[effect of tourelle: convenient moving is specially adapted to the greening that set up temporarily in street, square].

4., outstanding fixing apparatus (1154) is anchored in device (as Figure 118-123) on the building for utilizing outstanding solid member with container containing (11).Described outstanding solid member comprises and encloses suspension member (11541) and firmware (11542), the described suspension member (11541) that encloses is for being fixed in wherein pocketed thing (as Figure 118-119) or structural member (as Figure 121) with the splendid attire form with container containing (11), or to surround or the semi-surrounding form is enclosed container containing (11) the paliform thing (as Figure 122,123) that is fixed in wherein, or material or structural member (as Figure 120) that container containing is reinforced or strengthened, [the paliform thing is grid or railing or fence; With container containing reinforcing or reinforcement is that the thickness of increase container containing (11) material or local thickness or forms such as adding reinforcement, structural member make the reinforcement of container containing (11) integral body, requires to meet suspension]; Described firmware (11542) gos deep in the building for a part, and another part will enclose suspension member (11541) or through reinforcing or reinforced container containing (11) is anchored in member (as Figure 118-123) on the building.

[effect of outstanding fixing apparatus: fast and safely planter is anchored on the building].

Overcover (116):

Overcover (116) is shelter (1161) or covering (1162).

1., shelter (1161) is for placing container containing (11) outer or go up (as Figure 124,132) or watch box outer (as Figure 126) or go up (as Figure 125,127-131,133), that the cross section is straight is folding or crooked, the plate object of surfacing or concavo-convex or/and hollow out, or by the tabular or paliform thing of surperficial straight or the concavo-convex or hollow out of assembling such as bar, piece or splicing or casting, or the membranoid substance or the net (as Figure 124-133) of supporting construction are arranged.

[effect of shelter: 1, tabular shelter is generally hyalomitome material (as glass, fiberglass etc.), and the tabular shelter (1161) of hyalomitome material both can see through sunlight (as Figure 133), can block the infringement (as Figure 136-138) of high wind to plant again; 2, have supporting construction netted shelter (as with rough ground or bamboo keel or metal keel as supporting construction, fix one or more layers sunshade net etc. above), at first can slow down wind speed, secondly local sunshade (as Figure 126,132); 3, saturating empty shelter tabular, paliform allows the branches and leaves of plant fraction to stretch out outside the shelter, stretch out in slit just because of plant slave plate or grid or fence, just plant is stuck in wherein, play a supportive role to plant, prevent on the one hand crushing by snow, self is overweight (as flourishing, result etc.) causes branches and leaves excessively to hang to make matrix in the planter can not hold that it is heavy and be scattered, and prevents branches and leaves hyper-extended influence (as Figure 128-130) attractive in appearance on the other hand; 4, the shelter of above-mentioned form of ownership can both retrain most fallen leaves and fall into the nutrition that planter increases plant growth medium, prevents that again fallen leaves from dancing in the air contaminated environment over the sky].

2., container containing (11) is overhead to form the plate object of supporting relation or plate object or membranoid substance or the net (as Figure 134-135) that supporting construction is arranged with sidewall (112) or watch box (114) to covering (1162) in order to place.[it is that sidewall (112) or watch box (114) are as obducent pedestal that described support is closed, covering is fixed thereon or supporting construction is fixed thereon, or shown in Figure 135, hollow sidewall (112) or watch box (114) are as the hutch of membranoid substance or net, pull out when needing, the time spent does not put back to; It is described that the plate object of supporting construction is arranged is the glass canopy that keel are arranged; Described membranoid substance is a film; Described net is the sunshade net].

[obducent effect: 1, tabular or membranaceous similar glass canopy of covering or plastic greenhouse, have insulation, windproof, effect such as heat; 2, the netted similar sunshade of covering prevents the injury of strong daylight to plant].

Hole (117):

Hole (117) be container containing (11) sidewall (112) and/hole or the grid of different shape on bottom (111).Described hole or grid are spillway hole (1173) and/or pore (1174) and/or inlet opening (1172) (as Figure 139).

[the effect of hole: 1, ventilation; 2, water inlet, draining].

Storage water control device (2)

Storage water control device (2):

Storage water control device (2) constitutes (as Figure 140,156) by storage control water system (21) and drainage system (22).

Storage control water system (21):

1, storage control water system (21) comprises storage area (213) and absorbent material (214) (as Figure 140).[this is first scheme of storage control water system (21), though not having water pipe to give in the storage area (213) in this scheme supplies water, but in particular environment (as area of heavy rainfull on the south the Changjiang river), container containing (11) is collected and is stored rainwater automatically and utilizes penetration theory to supply with plant growth medium (31) from the bottom, the water storage of simulating nature soil and way of supplying water, ensured the good water environment of plant growing, and utilized natural resources to greatest extent].

Storage area (213):

1., storage area (213) are the bottom body cavity (as Figure 141) of container containing (11).

2., the bottom body cavity (as Figure 142,143) of storage area (213) container containing (11) of being separated out for tabular or groove shape or peviform escapement (113).

3., storage area (213) are the interior and exocoelom (as Figure 144,145) of tubulose or container-like escapement (113).

4., storage area (213) for placing container-like or tube (as Figure 148), or the water storage material (2132) (as Figure 146,147) in the body cavity of container containing (11) bottom.[place the water storage material of tubulose or container-like thing a large amount of water to be sucked and stores, supply with plant when treating water shortage in the time period of water yield abundance.Described water storage material has the material (as commercially available water-loss reducer, the fiber with very strong water storage solid water ability, powder, granular materials etc.) of very strong water storage and solid water ability for some.The material of at first strong water storage and solid water ability can store water when the water yield is sufficient, replenish during water shortage to plant, secondly water directly is stored in the container containing, (degenerated by the influence of environment as water quality, easily be evaporated etc. not enough), utilize the water storage material water storage can the above deficiency of fine solution].

Absorbent material (214):

1., absorbent material (214) is for directly (as Figure 149) or place tabular or groove shape or peviform escapement (113) are gone up the plant growth medium (31) that (as Figure 151) or tubulose or container-like escapement (113) outer (as Figure 150) contact with storage area (213) water (2131) or water storage material (2132).

2., absorbent material (214) extends in the storage area (213) for having absorptive escapement (a 113) part, another part contacts (as Figure 152) with plant growth medium (31).[absorptive escapement waits for making pottery has the escapement that absorptive material is manufactured].

3., absorbent material (214) stretches in the storage area (213) for having absorptive material one end, the other end is directly or pass escapement (113) and contact (as Figure 153-155) with plant growth medium (31).[have absorptive material and be pottery, fiber, sand, stone etc.].

2, storage control water system (21) comprises feed pipe (211), water control device (212), storage area (213) and absorbent material (214) (as Figure 156).[this is the alternative plan of storage control water system (21), has the water yield that feed pipe feedwater and automatic water control device control enter].

Feed pipe (211):

1., feed pipe (211) one ends link to each other with water main or storage tank (4), the other end directly or branch enter in the storage area (213) of a planter (1) (as Figure 157) or/and top (as Fig. 6).

2., feed pipe (211) one ends link to each other with water main or storage tank (4), other end branch enters in two or more storage areas (213) two or more storage areas (213) series connection or/and (158-162) in parallel.[Figure 158 is depicted as polyphone; Figure 159 is depicted as parallel connection; Figure 160 is depicted as connection in series-parallel; Figure 161,162 is depicted as multistage polyphone and/or parallel connection, is depicted as greening (as the roof) on the level land as Figure 161, and planter that earlier will single group is contacted mutually, planter parallel connection that again will be in groups; Figure 162 is depicted as the greening on the building vertical plane, earlier single planter is contacted mutually or parallel connection, and is again that planter in a row is parallel with one another].

Water control device (212):

1., water control device (212) is for utilizing the storage tank (4) (as Figure 163-165) of negative pressure control water.[the structure of negative pressure water tank water control device: (shown in Figure 164, feed pipe (211) one ends are connected with storage tank (4), the other end feeds in the interior storage area (213) of planter (1), muffler (a 2125) also end is connected with storage tank (4), and the other end feeds in the interior storage area (213) of planter (1); Or shown in Figure 163, storage tank (4) carries return-air mouth (2125), and feed pipe (211) one ends are connected with storage tank (4), and the other end feeds in the interior storage area (213) of planter (1); Or shown in Figure 165, storage tank (4) places in the container containing, and part immerses in the storage area (213), feed pipe (mouth) (211) one ends are connected with storage tank (4), the other end feeds in the interior storage area (213) of planter (1), muffler (mouth) (a 2125) also end is connected with storage tank (4), and the other end feeds in the interior storage area (213) of planter (1).The operation principle of negative pressure water tank water control device: the muffler (2125) that storage tank (4) utilizes the fluctuation in stage in the storage area (213) to open or close storage tank (4) is reached the purpose of moisture storage capacity in the control storage area (213), shown in Figure 163-165, when the water level in the storage area reduces, expose the termination of muffler (2125), air enters in the storage tank (4), the interior negative pressure value of storage tank (4) reduces, water in the storage tank (4) just flows in the storage area (213) by feed pipe (211), when the water in storage area (213) did not have the return-air mouth of pipe, air duct is blocked, the interior negative pressure value of storage tank (4) increases, water just can not flow when increasing to a certain value, when the water level in storage area (213) descends once more, expose once more the termination of muffler, and air enters once more, and water flows out again, all the time keep a constant relatively water level in storage area (213), ensureing in the plant growth medium (31) has good water environment like this.Negative pressure water tank water control device is to the adjusting of water level in the storage area: shown in Figure 163, storage tank (4) places outside the planter (1), muffler (2125) is positioned on the storage tank (4), according to law of connected vessels, when improve storage tank (4) position, water level in the storage area (213) also raises relatively, and when storage tank (4) position reduced, the water level in storage area (213) also reduced (as Figure 166,167) relatively; Feed pipe shown in Figure 164,165 (211) and muffler 2124) all place the structure of storage area (213), the method of utilization shown in Figure 168,169 regulated the water level in the storage area (213), shown in Figure 168, when raising the port height of the middle return pipe (2125) in storage area (213), storage area (213) middle water level raises, shown in Figure 169, when reducing the port height of the middle return pipe (2125) in storage area (213), storage area (213) middle water level reduces].

2., water control device (212) is for being positioned at the little water tank (as Figure 170) that utilizes ball-cock assembly (2121) control water on the feed pipe (211).[be positioned at the structure of the water control device on the feed pipe: shown in Figure 170, feed pipe (211) one ends are connected with storage tank (4), the other end stretches in the container containing (11), water control device (212) has the water level in the little water tank of ball-cock assembly (2121) control for being connected on the little water tank on the feed pipe (211) in the little water tank.Be positioned at the operation principle of the water control device on the feed pipe: shown in Figure 170, the ball-cock assembly (2121) in the little water tank can be controlled at the water level in the little water tank a certain precalculated position, utilizes law of connected vessels, and also control enters the interior water yield in storage area (213) simultaneously.Be positioned at water control device on the feed pipe to the adjusting of storage area water level: shown in Figure 171,172, the height that utilizes the little water tank of change to put changes the water yield in the storage area (213), when little water tank location is raised, moisture storage capacity in the storage area (213) increases, when little water tank location reduced, the moisture storage capacity in storage area (213) reduced.The solution of multilevel system: shown in Figure 161,162, in large-area greening, can be with water control device (212) classification, the water that comes out from water main or water tank enters the water control device (212) of one-level, and then be branched off into secondary water control device (212), branch enters a planter (1) again, by this planter (1) and other planter (1) by polyphone or/and mode in parallel is ganged up in groups or planter in a row.】。

3., water control device (212) places storage area (213) to utilize ball-cock assembly (2121) control water (as Figure 173) for being arranged in feed pipe (211) end.[be positioned at the structure of the water control device of feed pipe end: shown in Figure 173, the main control wet part of water control device (212) is ball-cock assembly (2121), and water control device (212) is positioned at the terminal of feed pipe (211) and places storage area (213).Be positioned at the operation principle of the water control device of feed pipe end: water control device (212) utilizes the water level of ball-cock assembly (2121) control storage area (213) to control the water yield that enters storage area (213)].

4., water control device (212) is for utilizing water pump (2124) in time controller (2122) the control storage tank (4) regularly to the top of plant growth medium (3) or bottom supply water (as Fig. 6,174).[the structure of time controller water control device: shown in Fig. 6,174, the control wet part of water control device (212) is a time controller, time controller is connected with water pump (2124) by cable, water pump (2124) places storage tank (pond) (4) and is connected with an end of feed pipe (211), and the other end of feed pipe (211) feeds (as Figure 174) in the liquid storage district (213) or is a plurality of shower nozzles or dropper (as Figure 176,177) on the plant growth medium.The operation principle of time controller water control device: time controller is given in the planter according to preset time program start electric power starting water pump (2121) and is supplied water or nutrient solution.

5., water control device (212) is for utilizing water pump (2124) in sensor (2123) the control storage tank (4) to the top of plant growth medium (3) or bottom supply water (as Figure 175).[the structure of sensing controler water control device: shown in Figure 175, the control wet part of water control device (212) is sensor (2123), the controller of sensor (2123) is connected with water pump (2124) by cable, the probe of sensor (2123) is (as temperature, probes such as humidity) link to each other with the controller of sensor by wired or wireless mode, water pump (2124) places in the storage tank (pond) (4) and is connected with an end of feed pipe (211), and the other end of feed pipe (211) feeds that water storage (liquid) is distinguished (as Figure 175) in (213) or is that a plurality of shower nozzles on the plant growth medium or dropper are (as Figure 176,177).The operation principle of sensing controler water control device: sensor starts electric power starting water pump (2121) according to parameter values such as the temperature in the plant growth medium, humidity and gives in the planter for nutrient solution].

Storage area (213):

1., storage area (213) are the bottom body cavity (as Figure 178) of container containing (11).

2., the bottom body cavity (as Figure 179,180) of storage area (213) container containing (11) of being separated out for tabular or groove shape or peviform escapement (113).

3., storage area (213) are interior (as Figure 183) and/or the exocoelom (as Figure 181,182,184) of tubulose or container-like escapement (113).

4., storage area (213) are for to place in the container containing (11) or/and the inner coelom (as Figure 190) of outer feed pipe (211).

5., storage area (213) are the water storage material (2132) of the bottom body cavity (as Figure 185-187,189) that places the inner coelom (as Figure 188) of container-like or tubular interval device (113) or container containing (11).[described water storage material has the material (as commercially available water-loss reducer, the fiber with very strong water storage solid water ability, powder, granular materials etc.) of very strong water storage and solid water ability for some, because water directly is stored in the container containing, (degenerated by the influence of environment as water quality, easily be evaporated etc. not enough), utilize water storage material water storage can fine solution above deficiency, particularly shown in Figure 172, place the interior effect of container-like escapement (113) better].

Absorbent material (214):

1., absorbent material (214) is for directly (as Figure 191) or place tabular or groove shape or peviform escapement (113) are gone up in (as Figure 192,194) or tubulose or the container-like escapement (113) or/and the plant growth medium (31) that contacts with storage area (213) water (2131) (as Figure 191-194) or water storage material (2132) (as Figure 195) of outer (as Figure 193).

2., absorbent material (214) extends in the storage area (213) for having absorptive escapement (a 113) part, another part contacts (as Figure 196-200), and [Figure 199,200 is for having the suction and the tubulose of seepage of water, container-like escapement (113) with plant growth medium (31), fill up the water storage material in the body cavity of tubular interval device and container-like escapement, feed pipe (211) is imported water in the water storage material, and the tube wall by escapement infiltrates in the plant growth medium (31) again].

3., absorbent material (214) stretches in the storage area (213) for having absorptive material one end, the other end is directly or pass escapement (113) and contact (as Figure 20 1-205) with plant growth medium (31).[shown in Figure 20 5, in the storage area (213) of the inner chamber conduct of fibrous absorbent material (214) feeding feed pipe (211), water being sucked in the plant growth medium (31)].

Drainage system (22):

Drainage system (22) is sidewall (112) or spillway hole (1173) on bottom (111) or the pore (1174) (as Figure 20 7) that is positioned at container containing (11), or feeds drainpipe (221) (as Figure 20 8) or drainage pipeline networks (222) (as Figure 20 9) in the container containing (11).

Matrix (3)

Matrix (3):

1, matrix (3) is plant growth medium (31) (as Figure 21 0-212).

2, matrix (3) is plant growth medium (31) and the composite interstitial substance (32) that places its bottom or one or more members with specific function wherein or on it to form.Described specific function member comprises vent material (321), anchor (322), surface covering (323).

Plant growth medium (31):

Plant growth medium (31) has soil matrix matter or a soilless substrate (as Figure 21 0-212) for what single or multiple material mixed, and described soil matrix matter is arranged is soil; Described soilless substrate is non-soil class plant growth medium.

Vent material (321):

1., the tube (as Figure 21 3-216) or the husk (as Figure 21 7-221) of the different shape of vent material (321) or atresia porose for the tube wall of inserting the side of plant growth medium (31) or front or bottom surface.

2., the complex (as Figure 22 2-223) of the tube of the different shape of vent material (321) or atresia porose or husk and other object formation for the tube wall of inserting the side of plant growth medium (31) or front or bottom surface.

3., vent material (321) is for inserting the tubulose of inserting loose vent material (as Figure 22 4,225) or shelly (as Figure 22 6) or netted (as Figure 22 7,228) or the satchel (as Figure 22 9) of side or front or bottom surface of plant growth medium (31), described loose vent material is granular substance (as Figure 22 5,228) or fibrous material (as Figure 22 6,229).

[the effect of vent material: 1, promote the ventilation of plant growth medium multipath, place the tubulose vent material (321) of plant growth medium (31) that air layer between escapement (113) and storage area (213) and extramatrical air are connected, the gas in the plant growth medium (31) is circulated more; 2, if meet the rainy day, tubulose vent material (321) can import the water that has little time to permeate on the film (323) in the storage area (213) fast fast].

Anchor (322):

1., anchor (322) is for to place bottom the plant growth medium (31) or at least one tunic shape wherein or netted or felted or grid-like material (as Figure 24 8,255).Described net is that the establishment of orderly or unordered one or more fibrous materials or class net that non-establishment constitutes are (as Figure 25 0,251) [if any spinning or the cloth of nonwoven, screen window, fleece etc.], described film material be hole is arranged tympan (as Figure 24 9) [as porose plastic film, paper etc.], described felt-like material is that the class felted thing (as Figure 25 2) of orderly or unordered one or more fibrous materials is [as fibrofelt, tapetum fibrosum etc.], described grid-like material is that rigidity or flexible the tabular of hole or the groove shape or tubulose or container-like thing of having are (as Figure 25 3,254) [as abacus, or the porose escapement (113) of different shape etc.].

[effect of the anchor of membranaceous or netted or blanket shape or grid-like material: utilize root system of plant to pass wherein ,] with the mode anchoring plant of anchoring root system of plant.

2., anchor (322) is peviform, bag shape material structure.Described peviform material structure is for placing bottom and/or the sidewall opening or the pertusate peviform thing (as Figure 25 6-258) of plant growth medium (31); Described bag shape material structure is for placing one or more orderly or unordered fibrous materials of plant growth medium (31) or hole being arranged or the class satchel (as Figure 25 9-261) of imporous film shape material formation.

[effect of peviform or bag shape material anchor: root system of plant pierces from the bottom surface and/or the lateral aperture of peviform or bag shape anchor (323), enter in the outer plant growth medium of anchor, will be linked as integral body with an outer plant growth medium in peviform or the bag shape escapement (323) and plant is anchored in wherein.One, with the mode anchoring plant of anchoring root system of plant, its two, with the mode anchoring plant of peviform or satchel anchoring plant growth medium (31) wherein].

3., anchor (322) is bolt (as Figure 24 4,246,247), bolt structure (as Figure 24 5), described bolt, bolt structure are the relation that screw or bolt and planter (1) bottom (111) and/or escapement (113) constitute power.

[the effect of the anchor of bolt or bolt structure: the bolt that places plant growth medium (31), the anchor of bolt structure (322) is fixing with plant growth medium (31) as anchor clamps, also plant is fixed in wherein simultaneously, mode by anchoring plant growth medium (31) is with the plant anchoring, make plant can bear of the infringement of external force such as wind to plant, shown in Figure 24 2, plant is not having under the situation of anchor, thereby external force effect meetings such as wind cause the loosening plant root that influences of root matrix, shown in Figure 24 3, after adopting fixedly plant growth medium (31), under external force effects such as wind, have only the cane bending, plant root is unaffected].

4., anchor (322) is card laminated structure (as Figure 23 6-241), described card laminated structure constitutes the stressed relation (as Figure 23 9,2241) of extruding for placing plant growth medium (31) wherein or the two ends card of the strip of elasticity on it or rigidity or bulk material or be buckled on the sidewall of container containing (11) or interior or penetrate hole on the sidewall.

[effect of anchor of card laminated structure: the strip of elasticity or rigidity or bulk material by with planter sidewall (112) on mutual card cut down output and give birth to downward pressure (as Figure 23 9,241), purpose is by the fixing mode anchoring plant of plant growth medium (31)].

5., anchor (322) is drawknot structure (as Figure 23 3-235), described drawknot structure for place matrix (3) on or rigidity wherein or flexible net or bar or block by with the interfix relation (as Figure 23 5) of power of the mutual tractive of formation of planter sidewall (112).[rigid material has the material of certain stiffness as plastics, fiberglass etc.; Flexible material is as rope, ribbon, flexible materials such as flexiplast].

[effect of the anchor of drawknot structure: utilize the mutual stretch-draw of rigidity and/or flexible material and planter sidewall (112) to produce downward pressure ,] by the fixing mode anchoring plant of plant growth medium (31).

6., anchor (322) is tractive structure (as Figure 23 0-232), the relation (as Figure 23 1) of the power that described tractive structure forms for the sidewall (112) by being fixed in plant stem and container containing (11) or the rope on the watch box (114) or rigidity rod-shaped material.

[the effect of tractive structure anchor device: be fixed on the plant stem by many rod-shaped material or rope one end, the other end is fixed in the sidewall (112) or the watch box (114) last (as Figure 23 0,232) of container containing (11), and the anchor of tractive structure passes through the fixedly mode anchoring plant of plant stem].

Surface covering (323):

Surface covering (323) is for covering (as Figure 26 2) or parcel (as Figure 26 7) one or more layers of membranoid substance or net or fabric or satchel (as Figure 26 3-266,268-271) on plant growth medium (31) surface, or membranoid substance or net or fabric with place its underpart or/and the compound (as Figure 27 2-276) of the fibrous material on surface or granular material formation.Described membranoid substance is for having hole or imporous tympan (as Figure 26 5,270) [as plastic film, perforated plastic film, paper etc.].Described net is the establishment of orderly or unordered one or more fibrous materials or the class net (as Figure 26 4,269) [as screen window, grid cloth, nonwoven grid cloth etc.] that non-establishment constitutes; Described fabric is the orderly or unordered sheet-like article that is compiled into of fibrous material or strip form film material (as Figure 26 3,268) [as plastics establishment cloth, a cloth etc.]; Described satchel is the class satchel (as Figure 26 8-271) that has hole or imporous film shape, net, sheet-like article to constitute [as plastic sack, bag weaved a, straw bag etc.]; described fibrous material is animal, plant or chemical fibre (as Figure 27 2,274-276) [as coconut palm palm fibre, palm fibre, grass, animal wool, chemical lines etc.], and described granular material is organic particle or particles of inorganic material (as Figure 27 3) [as large stone, breeze, haydite etc.].

[effect of surface covering: 1, surface covering (323) has at first formed barrier at plant growth medium (31) between atmosphere, reduces ground temperature and scatters and disappears, slows down the direct infringement to plant root such as frost, heavy snow; 2, the surface covering except that nonporous film (323) all has a certain amount of capillary porosity to allow air see through, and has both ensured the normal ventilative of plant growth medium (31), can reduce the evaporation of moisture again; 3, surface covering (323) with plant growth medium (31) surface coverage, prevent weed growth; 4, the surface covering of white or silver color (323) has the ability of certain reflected sunlight, and the blade that can be the plant bottom replenishes illumination, alleviates the thermal radiation that plant growth medium (31) is subjected to simultaneously; 5, surface covering (323) covers plant growth medium (31), plant growth medium can not blown away by high wind, reduce airborne dust, can use the plant growth medium of lightweight (31) (as agricultural crop straw, wood chip, coconut palm chaff, municipal refuse etc.) more to alleviate the load of building simultaneously].

Claims (7)

1, a kind of device of planting plant is characterized in that: it comprises planter (1), storage water control device (2) and matrix (3),

Described matrix (3) places planter (1);

Described storage water control device (2) places planter (1) to contact with matrix (3), or a part is connected with water main or storage tank (4) or feeds wherein, and another part places planter (1) to contact with matrix (3).

2, the device of plantation plant according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described planter (1) is that top is or/and sidewall opening has the container containing (11) of certain cavity, or container containing (11) and placed on it or its bottom or wherein or the complex that constitutes of one or more members that it is overhead or it is outer with specific function, the member of described specific function comprises escapement (113), watch box (114), holder (115), overcover (116), hole (117)

Described container containing (11) is peviform thing or groove shape thing or the pond shape thing that a solids is recessed on; Or by one or more bottoms (111) peviform thing or groove shape thing or pond shape thing with sidewall (112) formation;

Described bottom (111) is single or composite, the cross section is straight crooked or folding, surfacing or concavo-convex or/and pertusate tabular or groove shape or peviform thing;

Described sidewall (112) is the extension of bottom (111) at vertical or incline direction, constitutes conjoined structure with bottom (111); Or for bottom (111) and single or composite, that the cross section is straight is crooked or folding, surfacing or concavo-convex, the upright or plate object that tilts to put or build body by laying bricks or stones and intersect on its appropriate location, middle part or base, constitute with bottom (111) and divide body structure;

Described escapement (113) is for placing container containing (11) that container containing (11) is separated into up and down or inside and outside two or more cavitys, it is crooked or folding that the cross section is straight, surfacing or concavo-convex or/and be covered with membranaceous or the tabular or groove shape or the peviform thing of hole, or enclosed cross or opening, surfacing or concavo-convex or/and be covered with the tube of the different shape of hole, or sealing or opening, the surface is straight or concavo-convex or/and be covered with the container-like thing of the different shape of hole, or tabular or groove shape or peviform thing be connected or the composite structure of support member composition;

Described watch box (114) is for placing the outer plate object (1141) in container containing (11) sidewall (112) and/or bottom (111) or building thing (1142) by laying bricks or stones or deposit (1143), described plate object (1141) be single or composite, that one or more cross section is straight is crooked or folding, the plate of surfacing or concavo-convex or/and hollow out, or by the tabular or paliform of surperficial straight or the concavo-convex or hollow out of assembling such as bar, piece, film or splicing or casting or inflate membranoid substance; Described plate object that the certain scale of construction arranged or the masonry of thing (1142) of building by laying bricks or stones for making or build by laying bricks or stones with jointing material with construction material; Deposit (1143) is directly to pile up the powder of certain scale of construction or/and granular substance outside container containing (11), or at plate object (1141) or build by laying bricks or stones on the basis of thing (1142) and pile up the powder of certain scale of construction or/and granular substance;

Described holder (115) forms adjusting pin (1151) or bearing (1152) or tourelle (1153) or the outstanding fixing apparatus (1154) of supporting relation for placing on the container containing (11) or with container containing (11), described adjusting pin (1151) constitutes the relation of supporting for being fixed in bottom (111) or placing on the ground with bottom (111), utilizes mechanical system that holder is elongated or shortened and changes the device of the height of container containing (11); Described bearing (1152) forms the support relation for being fixed in container containing (11) bottom (111) or being fixed on the ground with bottom (111), makes container containing (11) keep the device of a certain ad-hoc location; Described tourelle (1153) makes the mobile device of container containing (11) for being fixed in container containing (11) bottom (111) in the mode of rolling; Described outstanding fixing apparatus (1154) is anchored in device on the building for utilizing outstanding solid member with container containing (11).Described outstanding solid member comprises and encloses suspension member (11541) and firmware (11542), the described suspension member (11541) that encloses is for being fixed in wherein pocketed thing or structural member with the splendid attire form with container containing (11), or to surround or the semi-surrounding form is enclosed container containing (11) the paliform thing that is fixed in wherein, or material or structural member that container containing is reinforced or strengthened, described firmware (11542) gos deep in the building for a part, and another part will enclose suspension member (11541) or through reinforcing or reinforced container containing (11) is anchored in member on the building;

Described overcover (116) is shelter (1161) or covering (1162).Described shelter (1161) is for placing outside the container containing (11) or on last or the watch box, that the cross section is straight is folding or crooked, the plate object of surfacing or concavo-convex or/and hollow out, or by the tabular or paliform thing of surperficial straight or the concavo-convex or hollow out of assembling such as bar, piece or splicing or casting, or the membranoid substance or the net of supporting construction are arranged; Container containing (11) is overhead to form the plate object of supporting relation or plate object or membranoid substance or the net that supporting construction is arranged with sidewall (112) or watch box (114) to described covering (1162) in order to place;

Described hole (117) be container containing (11) sidewall (112) and/hole or the grid of different shape on bottom (111), described hole or grid are spillway hole (1173) and/or pore (1174) and/or inlet opening (1172).

3, the device of plantation plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described storage water control device (2) is made of storage control water system (21) and drainage system (22).

4, according to the device of claim 1 or 3 described plantation plants, it is characterized in that: described storage control water system (21) comprises storage area (213) and absorbent material (214),

Described storage area (213) is the bottom body cavity of container containing (11); Or the bottom body cavity of the container containing (11) that is separated out of tabular or groove shape or peviform escapement (113); Or be the interior and exocoelom of tubulose or container-like escapement (113); Or place container-like or tube, or the water storage material (2132) in the body cavity of container containing (11) bottom;

Described absorbent material (214) is directly, or places on tabular or groove shape or the peviform escapement (113) or the plant growth medium (31) that contacts with storage area (213) water (2131) or water storage material (2132) outside tubulose or the container-like escapement (113); Or have absorptive escapement (a 113) part and extend in the storage area (213), another part contacts with plant growth medium (31); Or have absorptive material one end and stretch in the storage area (213), the other end is directly or pass escapement (113) and contact with plant growth medium (31).

5, according to the device of claim 1 or 3 described plantation plants, it is characterized in that: described storage control water system (21) comprises feed pipe (211), water control device (212), storage area (213) and absorbent material (214),

Described feed pipe (211) one ends link to each other with water main or storage tank (4), the other end directly or branch enter in the storage area (213) of a planter (1) or/and top or branch enter in two or more storage areas (213) two or more storage areas (213) series connection or/and in parallel;

Described water control device (212) is for utilizing the storage tank (4) of negative pressure control water; Or be positioned at the little water tank that utilizes ball-cock assembly (2121) control water on the feed pipe (211); Or be arranged in feed pipe (211) end and place storage area (213) to utilize ball-cock assembly (2121) control water; Or utilize the water pump (2124) in time controller (2122) the control storage tank (4) regularly to supply water to the top or the bottom of plant growth medium (3); Or utilize the water pump (2124) in sensor (2123) the control storage tank (4) to supply water to the top or the bottom of plant growth medium (3);

Described storage area (213) is the bottom body cavity of container containing (11), or the bottom body cavity of the container containing (11) that is separated out of tabular or groove shape or peviform escapement (113), or the interior and/or exocoelom of tubulose or container-like escapement (113), or place in the container containing (11) or/and the inner coelom of outer feed pipe (211), or place inner coelom or the bottom body cavity of container containing (11) or the water storage material (2132) of feed pipe (211) of container-like or tubular interval device (113);

Described absorbent material (214) for directly place tabular or the groove shape peviform escapement (113) is gone up or tubulose or container-like escapement (113) in or/and the outer plant growth medium (31) that contacts with storage area (213) water (2131) or water storage material (2132); Or have absorptive escapement (a 113) part and extend in the storage area (213), another part contacts with plant growth medium (31); Or have absorptive material one end and stretch in the storage area (213), the other end is directly or pass escapement (113) and contact with plant growth medium (31).

6, according to claim 1 or 3 described devices of planting plants, it is characterized in that: described drainage system (22) is sidewall (112) or spillway hole (1173) on bottom (111) or the pore (1174) that is positioned at container containing (11), or feeds drainpipe (221) or drainage pipeline networks (222) in the container containing (11).

7, the device of plantation plant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described matrix (3) is plant growth medium (31); Or plant growth medium (31) and the composite interstitial substance (32) that places its bottom or one or more the members wherein or on it to form with specific function, described specific function member comprises vent material (321), anchor (322), surface covering (323)

Described plant growth medium (31) has soil matrix matter or a soilless substrate for what single or multiple material mixed, and described soil matrix matter is arranged is soil; Described soilless substrate is non-soil class plant growth medium;

The tube or the husk of the different shape of described vent material (321) or atresia porose for the tube wall of the side of inserting plant growth medium (31) or front or bottom surface; Or the complex of tube or husk and other object formation; Or insert tubulose or the shelly or the netted or satchel of loose vent material, described loose vent material is granular substance or fibrous material;

Described anchor (322) is for to place bottom the plant growth medium (31) or at least one tunic shape wherein or netted or felted or grid-like material, described net is the establishment of orderly or unordered one or more fibrous materials or the class net that non-establishment constitutes, described film material is the tympan that hole is arranged, described felt-like material is the class felted thing of orderly or unordered one or more fibrous materials, and described grid-like material is rigidity or flexible the tabular of hole or groove shape or tubulose or the container-like thing of having; Or peviform, bag shape material structure, described peviform material structure is for placing bottom and/or the sidewall opening or the pertusate peviform thing of plant growth medium (31), and described bag shape material structure is for placing one or more orderly or unordered fibrous materials of plant growth medium (31) or hole being arranged or the class satchel of imporous film shape material formation; Or bolt, bolt structure, described bolt, bolt structure are the relation that screw or bolt and planter (1) bottom (111) and/or escapement (113) constitute power; Or card laminated structure, described card laminated structure constitutes the stressed relation of extruding for placing plant growth medium (31) wherein or the two ends card of the strip of elasticity on it or rigidity or bulk material or be buckled on the sidewall of container containing (11) or interior or penetrate hole on the sidewall; Or the drawknot structure, described drawknot structure for place matrix (3) on or rigidity wherein or flexible net or bar or block by with the interfix relation of power of the mutual tractive of formation of planter sidewall (112); Or the tractive structure, described tractive structure is the relation by the power of the sidewall (112) that is fixed in plant stem and container containing (11) or rope on the watch box (114) or the formation of rigidity rod-shaped material;

Described surface covering (323) is for covering or be wrapped in one or more layers of membranoid substance or net or the fabric or the satchel on plant growth medium (31) surface, or membranoid substance or net or fabric and place its underpart or/and the compound that the fibrous material on surface or granular material constitute, described membranoid substance is for having hole or imporous tympan; Described net is the establishment of orderly or unordered one or more fibrous materials or the class net that non-establishment constitutes; Described fabric is the orderly or unordered sheet-like article that is compiled into of fibrous material or strip form film material; Described satchel is the class satchel that has hole or imporous tympan, net, sheet-like article to constitute; Described fibrous material is animal, plant or chemical fibre; Described granular material is organic particle or particles of inorganic material.

Images