CN1820568A - Comprehensive preventing and controlling method for main pests in transgenic pest-resinstant cotton field - Google Patents
Comprehensive preventing and controlling method for main pests in transgenic pest-resinstant cotton field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The comprehensive disease and pest controlling method for transgenic pest resistant cotton field includes: 1. the early stage controlling including winter tillage and winter irrigation and cleaning field before seeding, controlling wheat field wheat aphid with pirimicarb, imidacloprid, etc; treating seed and controlling cutworm, cotton aphid, seedling, etc.; 2. the middle stage controlling of cotton aphid, the third generation of cotton bollworm, angular leaf spot, etc. and 3. the later stage controlling of the fourth generation of cotton bollworm, cotton aleyrodids, cotton verticillium wilt, etc. The comprehensive disease and pest controlling method has low farm chemical consumption, low cost, less environmental pollution, less pesticide residue, less pesticide resistance of pest, improved ecological environment of field and increased cotton yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of insect pest control method of pest-resistant cotton field, specifically, relate to the primary pest method for integrated control in a kind of transgenic pest-resistant cotton field.
Background technology
Cotton suffers the harm of multiple sick worm throughout one's life, and the due to illness cotton loss 15%～20% of worm harm the time loss seriously takes place more than 50% throughout the year, even total crop failure.In in the past more than 20 year, 2 stages have been experienced in the development of China's diseases and pests of agronomic crop integrated control strategy, phase I is to be the integrated control strategy of object with single insect during " six or five ", and second stage is from " the Seventh Five-Year Plan " to " 95 " integrated control strategy based on many insects compound population of crop.But we also do not accomplish the sustainable Control of diseases and pests of agronomic crop, particularly the nineties in 20th century, some great insects were still in frequent generation, and new damage by disease and insect constantly appears, realize the diseases and pests of agronomic crop sustainable Control, PI pest integrative control strategy and technology also should further develop raising.
1997, transgenic cotton against pests began the production application in China, and the cultivated area cumulative year after year, reached 4,500 ten thousand mu to popularizing area in 2004, account for the Cotton in China gross area 60% on.At present, the area of cotton region, China Huanghe valley transgenic cotton against pests accounts for more than 98%, and Xinjiang cotton accounts for more than 20%, and cotton region, the Yangtze river basin accounts for about 70%.Extensive plantation along with transgenic cotton against pests, succession takes place in the status of cotton field primary pest, cotton bollworm has not been the insect that the transgenic cotton against pests owner of farmland wants, and insects such as cotton field cotten aphid, cotton spider mites, cotton leaf bug, cotton thrips, Bemisia tabaci rise to primary pest, and harm is the trend that increases the weight of year by year.Therefore, cotton-plant pest-insects originally prevent and treat method and can not be applicable to the transgenic pest-resistant cotton field.
Summary of the invention
For overcoming the deficiency of prior art, the inventor taken the lead in studying the transgenic pest-resistant cotton field (with middle cotton No. 41, middle cotton No. 30 be test material) pests occurrence rule of primary pest, and start with from the structure and the function of research transgenic pest-resistant cotton field insect society, seasonal general layout to insect society is studied, and has proposed comprehensive preventing and controlling method for main pests in transgenic pest-resinstant cotton field.
Comprehensive preventing and controlling method for main pests in transgenic pest-resinstant cotton field of the present invention comprises:
(a) early stage extermination of disease and insect pest
Before the sowing
(1) winter ploughing winter irrigation, worm pupas such as killing bollworm, black cutworm; Or
(2) cleaning rural area reduces that black cutworm, cotton spider mites, cotton leaf bug resemble etc. radix takes place; Or
(3) select 2000 times of liquid controls such as Aphox, Imidacloprid, pyrrole pellet wheat paddock wheat aphid, the natural enemy source in protection cotton field for use; Or
(4) ditch spread furans pellet or iron go out and restrain 1.5 kilograms every mu of granules, the control soil insect; Or
(5) seed treatment.Select for use 70% Gao Qiao (0.4%～0.5%) or 10% pyrrole pellet seed treatments such as (0.4～0.5%) to carry out light seed dressing control seedling aphid.Or with 72% wither. good fortune. the seed dressing of pyrrole dry powder prevents and treats seedling diseases and seedling aphid.And
Seedling stage
(1) control cutworm.Index for control: new killed strain rate 5%.Prophylactico-therapeutic measures: every mu of usefulness 90% chlorophos 50 grams, convert 1 jin in water and be sprayed at 5 jin of wheat bran or fry on fragrant soya-bean cake, the cottonseed cake, stir, direct motion is at dusk spread a rickle for per 2 meters, the trapping larva; Or
(2) control cotten aphid.When spot film takes place, drip the heart with 200 times of liquid nuvacron or 100 times of liquid oxidation Rogor; When generally taking place, when reaching the index for control of 3000 of hundred strains or leaf roll strain rate 30%, select the red 1500 times of liquid spraying of selective pesticide Imidacloprid or pyrrole control for use; When cotton field wooden dipper aphid ratio is following at 1: 150, do not need chemical control; Cotton field maize planting or Chinese sorghum trap strips, method are to plant a cave every 6 row cottons every 3-5 rice on the cotton row of the 7th row, can protect and breed natural enemy effectively.Or
(3) control cotton spider mites.When cotton spider mites is caused harm erythema strain rate when reaching 20%～25%, with 2000～4000 times of liquid sprayings of Chongmanke control, also available 20% mite gram or sweep the clean 1000 times of liquid spraying of mite control;
(4) control cotton thrips.Can be when control cotten aphid or cotton spider mites double controlling; Or
(5) prevent and treat seedling diseases.25% potassium fulvate sprays 2～3 times continuously, and the preventive effect of cotton verticillium wilt is reached more than 60%.And
(b) mid-term the extermination of disease and insect pest
(1) control cotten aphid.10-20 day in June, the cotton field sprays 1000 times of liquid such as organophosphorous pesticide such as nuvacron, phoxim, Profenofos, malathion, and control volt aphid 1-2 time is doublely controlled cotton leaf bug; When the single tree louse amount of hundred strains reaches 2000 or leaf roll strain rate 5% when above, the red 1500 times of liquid spraying of 6000 times of liquid of available 20% Kang Fuduo or 10% pyrrole prevents and treats; Or
(2) control three generations cotton bollworm.When the three generations cotton bollworm reaches index for control (15 of 20 of hundred strains, 1～2 instar larvaes or hundred strains above larvas in 2 ages), 1000 times of liquid controls of the hot missible oil of available guarantor, NPV600 times liquid or 2000 times of liquid sprayings of Avermectin control; Or
(3) control two-spotted spider mite.Manually choose and control: when finding on indivedual blades minority mite or ovum to be arranged, obliterate with hand immediately, the cotton leaf that mite is many will be removed, and takes out of outside the field and handles.Or
Chemical control: when red autumnal leaves strain rate reaches 20-30%, should carry out chemical control.Available tetradiphon, mite gram, propargite, reach 1000-1500 times of liquid spraying such as mite spirit control.Or
(4) control cotton leaf bug.4 of leaf period green plant bug hundred strains; The flower bud phase green plant bug or black striped plant bug hundred strain 10-12 heads; 25 of cotton buds and bolls phase 2 kinds of fleahoppers, hundred strains should be carried out chemical control when above.The agricultural chemicals of control fleahopper for well, can be selected 1000-1500 times of liquid spraying such as nuvacron, phoxim, Profenofos, malathion, Le Siben control with organic phosphor for use.Or
(5) prevent and treat angular leaf spot.Spray 0.5% bordeaux mixture in their early stage and protect, also can adopt the mixture of 50ppm streptomycin and terramycin and 0.25% copper oxychloride to use with, or 3000～4000 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate, per two weeks spray is once sprayed medicine 3 times continuously.Or with 1000 times of liquid of 20% carboxin wetting powder, or 600 times of liquid of 65% Zineb wettable powder, or the U.S. 800 times of liquid even spraying of anthrax good fortune, can obtain good control efficiency.Or
(6) the anti-fusarium wilt of harnessing the Yellow River.Spray Xanthohumate 600-800 times liquid, strengthen resistance against diseases; Their early stage can spray yellow withered, the potassium fulvate of gram, yellow withered malefic etc., sprays 1 time in every 4-5 days, sprays 3-4 time continuously; Fall ill when heavier, can spray 200-300 times of liquid such as carbendazim, mancozeb, pcnb, effect is obvious.And
(c) the later stage extermination of disease and insect pest
(1) control four generations of cotton bollworm.Index for control is 10 of hundred strain larva quantity.Prophylactico-therapeutic measures comprises:
1) cultural control.The invalid flower of artificial removal, flower bud; In conjunction with the farming operation, eliminate worm's ovum.Or 2) biological control.The cotton field sprays cotton bollworm nucleopolyhedrosis virus (NPV virus) 500-800 times liquid, protection propagation natural enemy.Or 3) chemical control.With phoxim, the 1000-1500 times of liquid sprayings such as many one-tenth, Profenofos of going out, or 800 times of liquid sprayings of 35% 5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4 control.Or
(2) control whitefly in bt cotton.Based on chemical control, go out 2000 times of liquid of anti-bell, 1500 times of liquid of 2.5% Uranus, 20% of 800 times of liquid of available 10% buprofezin or 40% go out and sweep sharp 2500 times of liquid spraying control.Because the whitefly in bt cotton generation overlap is serious, should be at interval 3-5 days, dispenser is 2-3 time continuously.Or
(3) the grand back of the body flower of control firewood first.Based on chemical control, organophosphorous pesticide 1000-1500 times of liquid spraying such as available phoxim, Profenofos control.Or
(4) control cotton verticillium wilt.Spray yellow withered, the potassium fulvate 600-800 times liquid of gram continuously 2-3 time; Or spray times liquid control of carbendazim, 70% thiophanate methyl 400-600.Or
(5) control red leaf blight.The field piece of morbidity is in time mended and is executed quick-acting potash fertilizer, alleviates the generation of disease; Spray bactericide such as metalaxyl, carbendazim 2-3 time, prevent the invasion of other germs, alleviate illness.Spray can mu during medicine be made foliage fertilizer with 100 gram potassium dihydrogen phosphates and uses, but both supplementary fertilizers can reach the effect of control disease again.The primary pest method for integrated control in transgenic pest-resistant of the present invention cotton field, can reduce average medication number of times and pesticide dosage, reduce 12 times than the conventional cotton primary pest method for integrated control of non-transgenic, reduce pesticide dosage more than 70%, every mu of cost of control reduces by 60～70 yuan, adds that expense such as recruitment saves about about 100 yuan for average every mu.In addition, this method has effectively reduced person poultry poisoning, environmental pollution, residue of pesticide, pest resistance to insecticide, and farmland ecological environment improves, and the predator total amount increases by 25%, and output of cotton on average increases by 17%.
Embodiment
Below will the invention will be further described by embodiment, these descriptions are not that content of the present invention is done further to limit.One skilled in the art will understand that to be equal to replacement to what content of the present invention was done, or corresponding the improvement, still belong within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
The primary pest method for integrated control in transgenic pest-resistant cotton field comprises:
(a) early stage extermination of disease and insect pest
Before the sowing
(1) with 2000 times of liquid controls of Imidacloprid wheat paddock wheat aphid;
(2) ditch spread iron goes out and restrains 1.5 kilograms every mu of granules;
(3) carry out light seed dressing control seedling aphid with 70% Gao Qiao (0.4%～0.5%).
Seedling stage
(1) every mu of usefulness 90% chlorophos 50 grams are converted 1 jin in water and are sprayed at 5 jin and fry on the fragrant cottonseed cake, stir, and direct motion is at dusk spread a rickle for per 2 meters, the trapping black cutworm larvae;
(2) with 1500 times of liquid sprayings of Imidacloprid control cotten aphid; Cotton field maize planting trap strips is planted a cave every 6 row cottons every 3-5 rice on the cotton row of the 7th row;
(3) with 2000 times of liquid sprayings of Chongmanke control cotton spider mites;
(4) spray 2～3 times the control cotton verticillium wilt continuously with 25% potassium fulvate.
(b) mid-term the extermination of disease and insect pest
(1) June 10 and 15 days, the cotton field sprays 1000 times of liquid of nuvacron 2 times control volt aphid, doublely controls cotton leaf bug and resembles;
(2) June 24 is with protecting 1000 times of liquid controls of hot missible oil cotton bollworm 1 time;
(3) prevent and treat cotton spider mites 1 time with 1000 times of liquid sprayings of mite gram.
(4) spray 600 times of liquid of Xanthohumate 1 time, spray yellow withered 2 the control cotton verticillium wilts of gram.
(c) the later stage extermination of disease and insect pest
(1) sprays 2000 times of liquid of Avermectin 1 time; The invalid flower of artificial removal, flower bud 1 time; The cotton field sprays 600 times of liquid of cotton bollworm nucleopolyhedrosis virus (NPV virus) 1 time; Spray 1000 times of liquid of phoxim 1 time, the control four generations of cotton bollworm;
(2) cotton field sprays 600 times of liquid controls of 70% thiophanate methyl cotton verticillium wilt 1 time;
(3) spray 2 ‰ potassium dihydrogen phosphate solutions 1 time, the control cotton red leaf blight.Carried out the above-mentioned method of preventing and treating on Earthquake of Anyang station in Henan middle cotton institute farm in 2004, the result shows, the average medication of transgenic cotton against pests control cotton bollworm 3 times, than conventional cotton the minimizing 12 times of non-transgenic, reduce pesticide dosage more than 70%, every mu of cost of control reduces by 60～70 yuan, adds that expense such as recruitment saves about about 100 yuan for average every mu.In addition, effectively reduced person poultry poisoning, environmental pollution, residue of pesticide, pest resistance to insecticide, farmland ecological environment improves, and the predator total amount increases by 25%, and output of cotton on average increases by 17%.
Claims (5)
1, a kind of comprehensive preventing and controlling method for main pests in transgenic pest-resinstant cotton field comprises early stage, mid-term and later stage pest control method, it is characterized in that described method comprises:
1) early stage extermination of disease and insect pest
(1) before the sowing
(a) winter ploughing winter irrigation, killing bollworm or black cutworm worm pupa; Or
(b) the cleaning rural area reduces the generation radix of black cutworm, cotton spider mites or cotton leaf bug elephant; Or
(c) select Aphox, Imidacloprid, the red 2000 times of liquid control of pyrrole wheat paddock wheat aphid, the natural enemy source in protection cotton field for use; Or
(d) ditch spread furans pellet or iron go out and restrain 1.5 kilograms every mu of granules, the control soil insect;
Or
(e) seed treatment selects for use 70% Gao Qiao (0.4% to 0.5%) or 10% pyrrole pellet (0.4 to 0.5%) seed treatment to carry out light seed dressing control seedling aphid; Or with 72% wither.Good fortune.The seed dressing of pyrrole dry powder prevents and treats seedling diseases and seedling aphid; And
(2) seedling stage
(a) control cutworm: index for control: new killed strain rate 5%; Prophylactico-therapeutic measures: every mu of usefulness 90% chlorophos 50 grams, convert 1 jin in water and be sprayed at 5 jin of wheat bran or fry on fragrant soya-bean cake, the cottonseed cake, stir, direct motion is at dusk spread a rickle for per 2 meters, the trapping larva; Or
(b) control cotten aphid: when spot film takes place, drip the heart with 200 times of liquid nuvacron or 100 times of liquid oxidation Rogor; Or when generally taking place, when reaching the index for control of 3000 of hundred strains or leaf roll strain rate 30%, select the red 1500 times of liquid spraying of selective pesticide Imidacloprid or pyrrole control for use; Or when cotton field wooden dipper aphid ratio is following at 1: 150, do not need chemical control; Cotton field maize planting or Chinese sorghum trap strips are every 6 row cottons per 3 to 5 meters kind one caves on the cotton row of the 7th row;
Or
(c) control cotton spider mites: when cotton spider mites is caused harm erythema strain rate when reaching 20%～25%, with 2000 to 4000 times of liquid sprayings of Chongmanke control, or with 20% mite gram or sweep the clean 1000 times of liquid spraying of mite and prevent and treat; Or
(d) control cotton thrips: can be when control cotten aphid or cotton spider mites double controlling; Or
(e) prevent and treat seedling diseases: 25% potassium fulvate sprays 2 to 3 times continuously; And
2) mid-term the extermination of disease and insect pest
(1) control cotten aphid: June 10 to 20, the cotton field sprayed organophosphorous pesticide such as nuvacron, phoxim, Profenofos, the 1000 times of liquid in malathion, and control volt aphid 1 to 2 time is doublely controlled cotton leaf bug; When the single tree louse amount of hundred strains reaches 2000 or leaf roll strain rate 5% when above, the red 1500 times of liquid spraying of 6000 times of liquid of available 20% Kang Fuduo or 10% pyrrole prevents and treats; Or
(2) control three generations cotton bollworm: when the three generations cotton bollworm reaches index for control (15 of 20 of hundred strains, 1 to 2 instar larvaes or hundred strains above larvas in 2 ages), 1000 times of liquid controls of the hot missible oil of available guarantor, NPV600 times liquid or 2000 times of liquid sprayings of Avermectin control; Or
(3) control two-spotted spider mite: when (i) finding on indivedual blades minority mite or ovum to be arranged, obliterate with hand immediately, the cotton leaf that mite is many will be removed, and takes out of outside the field and handles; (ii) red autumnal leaves strain rate reaches at 20 to 30% o'clock, selects for use tetradiphon, mite to restrain, reach 1000 to 1500 times of liquid spraying controls of mite spirit or propargite; Or
(4) control cotton leaf bug: 4 of leaf period green plant bug hundred strains; Or the flower bud phase green plant bug or 10 to 12 of black striped plant bug hundred strains; Or chemical control is carried out in 25 of cotton buds and bolls phase 2 kinds of fleahoppers, hundred strains when above; Or
(5) prevent and treat angular leaf spot: spray 0.5% bordeaux mixture in their early stage and protect, or adopt the 50ppm streptomycin and the mixture of terramycin and 0.25% copper oxychloride to use with, or 3000 to 4000 times of liquid of 72% agricultural streptomycin sulphate, per two weeks spray is once sprayed medicine 3 times continuously; Or with 1000 times of liquid of 20% carboxin wetting powder, or 600 times of liquid of 65% Zineb wettable powder, or the U.S. 800 times of liquid even spraying of anthrax good fortune; Or
(6) the anti-fusarium wilt of harnessing the Yellow River: spray Xanthohumate 600-800 times liquid, strengthen resistance against diseases; Their early stage can spray yellow withered, yellow withered malefic of gram or potassium fulvate, sprays 1 time in per 4 to 5 days, sprays continuously 3 to 4 times; Fall ill when heavier, can spray carbendazim, pcnb or mancozeb 200-300 times liquid; And
3) the later stage extermination of disease and insect pest
(1) control four generations of cotton bollworm: index for control is 10 of hundred strain larva quantity; Prophylactico-therapeutic measures is cultural control, the invalid flower of artificial removal, flower bud; In conjunction with the farming operation, eliminate worm's ovum; Or
(2) control whitefly in bt cotton: based on chemical control, go out 2000 times of liquid of anti-bell, 1500 times of liquid of 2.5% Uranus, 20% of 800 times of liquid of available 10% buprofezin or 40% go out and sweep sharp 2500 times of liquid spraying control; 3 to 5 days at interval, dispenser was 2 to 3 times continuously; Or
(3) the grand back of the body flower of control firewood first: based on chemical control, available phoxim, Profenofos and 1000 to 1500 times of liquid sprayings of other organophosphorous pesticide; Or
(4) control cotton verticillium wilt: spray yellow withered, 600 to the 800 times of liquid of potassium fulvate of gram continuously 2 to 3 times; Or spray carbendazim, 400 to 600 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl; Or
(5) control red leaf blight: the field piece of morbidity is in time mended and is executed quick-acting potash fertilizer, alleviates the generation of disease; Spray metalaxyl, Bavistin 2 to 3 times; Can do the foliage fertilizer use by every mu of usefulness 100 gram potassium dihydrogen phosphates during the spray medicine.
2, comprehensive preventing and controlling method for main pests in transgenic pest-resinstant cotton field as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that its 2) mid-term the extermination of disease and insect pest step (4) described in the agricultural chemicals of chemical control fleahopper be organic phosphor.
3, comprehensive preventing and controlling method for main pests in transgenic pest-resinstant cotton field as claimed in claim 2, organic phosphor described in it is characterized in that can be selected from the 1000-1500 times of liquid spraying control of nuvacron, phoxim, Profenofos, malathion, Le Siben.
4, comprehensive preventing and controlling method for main pests in transgenic pest-resinstant cotton field as claimed in claim 1; it is characterized in that described 3) the described prophylactico-therapeutic measures of the step (1) of later stage extermination of disease and insect pest control four generations of cotton bollworm is biological control; the cotton field sprays 500 to 800 times of liquid of cotton bollworm nucleopolyhedrosis virus (NPV virus), protection propagation natural enemy.
5, comprehensive preventing and controlling method for main pests in transgenic pest-resinstant cotton field as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that its 3) prophylactico-therapeutic measures of the step (1) of later stage extermination of disease and insect pest control four generations of cotton bollworm is chemical control, select 1000 to 1500 times of a kind of in phoxim, Methomyl, Profenofos liquid sprayings for use, or 800 times of liquid sprayings of 35% 5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-6,9-methano-2,4.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012088645A1 (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-05 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Method for improving plant quality |
| CN102771504A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-11-14 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Compound pesticide for controlling apolygus lucorum and preparation method of compound pesticide |
| CN103271010A (en) * | 2013-05-18 | 2013-09-04 | 胡和秀 | Environment-friendly method for preventing black cutworms |
| CN103583506A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-02-19 | 北京市植物保护站 | Method for preventing horticultural crop mites by amblyseius pseudolongispinosus |
| CN106717823A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 国营全椒县棉花原种总场 | A kind of method for improving output of cotton |
| CN108283123A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-07-17 | 万素梅 | A kind of cotton primary pest control method |
| CN111771655A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-10-16 | 新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for reducing damage of lygus pratensis to Xinjiang southern Xinjiang cotton field |
| CN115349404A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-11-18 | 湖南龙旺食品有限公司 | Planting method for high-yield daylily |
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2006
- 2006-03-21 CN CNB2006100656923A patent/CN100411503C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2012088645A1 (en) * | 2010-12-31 | 2012-07-05 | Bayer Cropscience Ag | Method for improving plant quality |
| CN102771504A (en) * | 2012-08-13 | 2012-11-14 | 山东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Compound pesticide for controlling apolygus lucorum and preparation method of compound pesticide |
| CN103271010A (en) * | 2013-05-18 | 2013-09-04 | 胡和秀 | Environment-friendly method for preventing black cutworms |
| CN103583506A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-02-19 | 北京市植物保护站 | Method for preventing horticultural crop mites by amblyseius pseudolongispinosus |
| CN108283123A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2018-07-17 | 万素梅 | A kind of cotton primary pest control method |
| CN106717823A (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2017-05-31 | 国营全椒县棉花原种总场 | A kind of method for improving output of cotton |
| CN111771655A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-10-16 | 新疆农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for reducing damage of lygus pratensis to Xinjiang southern Xinjiang cotton field |
| CN115349404A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-11-18 | 湖南龙旺食品有限公司 | Planting method for high-yield daylily |
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| CN100411503C (en) | 2008-08-20 |
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