CN1717226A - 温感敷剂 - Google Patents
温感敷剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1717226A CN1717226A CNA2003801044153A CN200380104415A CN1717226A CN 1717226 A CN1717226 A CN 1717226A CN A2003801044153 A CNA2003801044153 A CN A2003801044153A CN 200380104415 A CN200380104415 A CN 200380104415A CN 1717226 A CN1717226 A CN 1717226A
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- Prior art keywords
- temperature sense
- aforementioned
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- Prior art date
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Abstract
温感敷剂10,其具有支撑体2和配置于该支撑体2的至少一个面上的粘接剂层1、前述粘接剂层1含有温感赋予物质、L-薄荷醇及作为残刺激降低剂的聚乙二醇。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及具有支撑体与粘接剂层的温感敷剂。
技术背景
过去,作为贴剂的粘接剂中用于赋予温感的药物,例如,特开2000-143507号公报、特开平6-256183号公报、特开平10-298065号公报所述,使用辣椒辣素为代表的温感赋予物质。这样的温感赋予物质,为了在贴剂使用时使温感持续,必须在贴剂的粘接剂层中配合比较多的量。然而,粘接剂层中这样大量配合温感赋予物时,即使是剥掉贴剂后也残留皮肤刺激,即有残刺激性的问题。
尤其是,辣椒辣素残刺激性强,含有辣椒辣素的含水性贴剂用于皮肤后在洗浴的场合,其残刺激性是非常难以忍耐的感觉(刺激皮肤的刺痛感觉)。因此,期望贴剂可充分获得辣椒辣素的温感效果,且降低了残刺激性的含有辣椒辣素的含水性贴剂。
另外,特开平11-199522号公报公开了对辣椒辣素配合作为设定量清凉化剂的L-薄荷醇的皮肤外用剂。然而,配合了L-薄荷醇的皮肤外用剂也残存辣椒辣素导致的残刺激性的问题,此外,与L-薄荷醇的清凉化作用结合后虽然辣椒辣素的温感效果相对地提高,却有残刺激性增强的倾向。所以还没有得到充分降低残刺激性的温感敷剂。
发明内容
本发明是鉴于上述以往技术存在的课题而完成的研究,其目的在于提供可得到足够的温感效果,且在适度的温感效果的同时进一步增强感觉好的刺激持续性,同时充分降低残刺激性的温感敷剂。
本发明者们为了达到上述目的潜心反复研究的结果,发现通过在温感敷剂的粘接剂层中配混L-薄荷醇与聚乙二醇,与L-薄荷醇的清凉化作用相结合,相对地提高辣椒辣素等的温感赋予物质导致的温感效果,另外利用聚乙二醇进一步增强随适度的温感效果而感觉好的刺激持续性,又料想不到的是在贴剂的使用中不仅可得到上述的效果,而且剥掉后聚乙二醇起残刺激降低剂的作用,可充分降低辣椒辣素等的温感赋予物质导致的残刺激性,从而完成了本发明。另外,从粘接剂的制造适性观点考虑,判明优选在温感敷剂的粘接剂层中配合L-薄荷醇与聚乙二醇。
即本发明的温感敷剂(温感含水性贴剂),具有支撑体和配置在该支撑体的至少一面上的粘接剂层,前述粘接剂层含有温感赋予物质、L-薄荷醇及作为残刺激降低剂的聚乙二醇。
作为温感赋予物质,可以使用选自辣椒辣素、二羟基辣椒辣素、辣椒黄素、辣椒糖醇、辣椒苷、辣椒提取物、辣椒药酒、辣椒粉末、烟酸苄酯、烟酸β-丁氧基乙酯、N-酰基香草酰胺、壬酸香草酰胺及香草基醇烷基醚的温感赋予物质。
上述本发明的温感敷剂,以粘接剂层的总量为基准,优选含有温感赋予物质0.001~0.1质量%,L-薄荷醇0.01~5质量%及聚乙二醇3~25质量%。
另外,聚乙二醇的分子量以200~4000为宜,粘接剂层中还可以含有非甾体系抗炎症剂。
本发明的温感敷剂使用的支撑体,优选是具有热塑性树脂薄膜,和分别配置在该树脂薄膜两面的织布或无纺布构成的纤维片的3层结构的支撑体。
另外,优选是具有500~6000g/m2/24hr透湿度(水蒸汽透过性)的支撑体。通过使用满足上述范围的透湿度的支撑体,可将温感赋予物质赋予的温感调节到适当的强度,可进一步提高上述感觉好的刺激。再者,上述透湿度(水蒸汽透过性)可以根据JIS Z 0208规定的方法进行测定。
附图的简单说明
图1是表示本发明温感敷剂一个实施方案的模式截面图。
图2是表示本发明温感敷剂另一个实施方案的模式截面图。
具体实施方式
以下,边参照附图,边对本发明温感敷剂的优选实施方案详细地进行说明。再者,图中的说明中对相同或相当的要素使用相同的符号、省略重复的说明。
图1是表示本发明温感敷剂实施方案的模式截面图。图1表示的温感敷剂10,具有支撑体2和配置在支撑体2的至少一个面上的粘接剂层1,粘接剂层1含有温感赋予物质、L-薄荷醇及作为残刺激性降低剂的聚乙二醇。
作为温感赋予物质,可列举辣椒辣素(N-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苄基)-8-甲基-6-壬烯酰胺);二羟基辣椒辣素,辣椒红素、辣椒糖醇、辣椒苷等的辣椒辣素类似体;辣椒提取物、辣椒药酒、辣椒粉末等来自辣椒的温感赋予物质;烟酸苄酯;烟酸β-丁氧基乙酯;N-酰基香兰酰胺、壬酸香兰酰胺;香草醇烷基醚(优选烷基醚部分的烷基碳数为1~6)等,可以使用这些的1种或2种以上。来自辣椒的温感赋予物质通常含有辣椒辣素。另外,温感赋予物质也可以形成盐(钠盐、钾盐、铵盐等)。
上述温感赋予物质中,优选辣椒辣素或来自辣椒的温感赋予物质。
通过使贴剂10的粘接剂层1中含有这样的温感赋予物质,皮肤受到刺激,可得到温感效果,同时提高血液流通促进效果,长时间持续温和的刺激。
温感赋予物质的配合量没有特殊限制,以粘接剂层1的总量为基准,优选温感赋予物质是0.001~0.1质量%、更优选是0.005~0.03质量%、再优选是0.01~0.03质量%。药物的配合量未满上述下限时,不能充分得到温感赋予物质对皮肤的刺激、存在温感效果和促进血液流通效果不充分的倾向,而超过上述上限值时,使用贴剂时对皮肤的刺激过多,存在皮肤刺激性及剥离贴剂后的残刺激性显著的倾向。
作为药物使用的L-薄荷醇是单萜烯醇的一种,是薄荷油的主要成分。这样的L-薄荷醇由于凉爽舒适的使用感,故有使皮肤轻松舒适的效能,通过与温感赋予物质一起使用,可以进一步提高温感赋予物质的温感效果。
L-薄荷醇的配合量没有特殊限制,以粘接剂层1的总量为基准,优选是0.01~5.0质量%、更优选是0.1~3.0质量%、再优选是0.5~1.5质量%。L-薄荷醇的配合量未满上述下限值时,存在与温感赋予物质并用提高温感的协同效果不充分的倾向。而超过上述上限值时在长期保存的场合有时析出结晶,还可能成本高。
温感敷剂的粘接层中含有聚乙二醇。聚乙二醇作为残刺激降低剂使用是本发明的特征之一。按分类聚乙二醇归属作为乙二醇聚合物的聚醚。一般聚乙二醇由环氧乙烷聚合制造、两端一般为羟基。
通过使贴敷剂的粘接剂层1中含有聚乙二醇,可进一步增强随温感赋予物质的适度温感效果所伴有的感觉好的刺激持续性,不仅如此,在剥离后还可充分降低温感赋予物质导致的残刺激性。
作为聚乙二醇优选平均分子量200~4000的产品。更优选平均分子量200~1500、再优选200~600,特优选200~以上、低于500。平均分子量未满200时,存在难充分获得感觉好的刺激的持续性和残刺激性的降低效果。而超过上述各上限值时,操作性差,同时难充分获得感觉好的刺激持续性及残刺激性的降低效果。再者,聚乙二醇可以从第一工业制药、旭电化工业、三洋化成工业、日本油脂等公司购入。
聚乙二醇的配合量,以粘接剂层1的总量为基准,优选是3~25质量%、更优选是5~15质量%。配合量未满上述下限值时,存在贴剂剥离后的残刺激性的降低效果,特别是随着洗澡等的体温上升时的刺痛感的降低效果不充分的倾向,而超过上述上限值时有粘接剂层的粘附性不充分的倾向。
温感敷剂10中的粘接剂层1,除了温感赋予物质,L-薄荷醇和作为残刺激降低剂的聚乙二醇以外,还含有构成敷剂骨架的水溶性高分子,吸水性高分子,用水凝胶化的高分子等的亲水性高分子和水。除这些以外,也可以含有多元醇、多价金属盐、表面活性剂等的敷剂的粘接剂层中一般可配合的诸成分。
亲水性高分子起粘接剂层的基剂作用,例如,可列举明胶、聚丙烯酸或其盐(锂、钠、钾等的金属盐),或部分中和物、聚乙烯基醇、聚丙烯酰胺、聚环氧乙烷、聚亚乙基亚胺、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、羧乙烯基聚合物、甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素,可以分别单独使用或将2种以上配合使用。其中,特别是明胶、聚丙烯酸或其盐、或者部分中和物及聚乙烯基醇通过分别单独使用或2种以上组合使用,可以得到粘附性及保型性良好的贴剂。
亲水性高分子的配合量,以粘接剂层1的总量为基准,优选是5~25质量%、更优选是8~20质量%、再优选是10~15质量%。配合量未满上述下限值的场合,存在粘着力不充分、容易剥离的倾向,而超过上述上限值时,由于粘着力太强,故剥离时存在产生痛等使用感的问题。另外,配合量优选考虑制剂的粘附性或凝聚性、保型性、吸水能力、膏体的不均匀化、操作的降低、使用感的降低、制造中的粘性等而适当地决定。
作为含于粘接剂层中的水,可以使用精制水、灭菌水、天然水等。水起分散、溶解亲水性高分子除此以外的成分的作用。特别是使起后述保湿剂作用的二醇类与多元醇均匀分散、溶解在制剂中相当重要。此外,水本身也使使用时与使用后的使用感明显提高,并与保湿成分一起移向皮肤带来赋予湿润与剥离等的效果。
水的配合量以粘接剂层1的总量为基准,优选是30~95质量%、更优选是40~80质量%、再优选是50~70质量%。配合量未满上述下限值时,存在操作性降低或成本高的倾向,而超过上述上限值时存在难保持保型性的倾向。另外,配合量可考虑制剂的粘附性,保用前保水性的降低、操作性降低、使用时使用感的降低、使用前的保型性等来决定。
作为上述多元醇,例如,可列举甘油、乙二醇、1,3-丁二醇、丙二醇、二丙二醇、山梨糖醇、木糖醇。其中着眼于操作性或使用感等特别优选甘油。
多元醇的配合量以粘接剂层1的总量为基准、优选是5~45质量%、更优选是15~35质量%、再优选是20~30质量%。配合量未满上述下限值时,存在贴附时制剂中的水分容易挥散、粘着力降低、容易剥离的倾向,而超过上述上限值时,存在不能得到更增强的粘着力从而不经济的倾向。
作为上述多价金属盐,例如,可列举氢氧化铝、氢氧化铝凝胶、含水硅酸铝、合成硅酸铝、高岭土、醋酸铝、乳酸铝、硬脂酸铝、氯化钙、氯化镁、氯化铝、偏硅铝酸镁、硅铝酸镁。其中,最优选合成硅酸铝及偏硅铝酸镁。
多价金属盐的配合量,以粘接剂层1的总量为基准,优选是0.01~5质量%、更优选是0.05~3质量%、再优选是0.1~2质量%。配合量未满上述下限值时,存在反应不充分地进行凝胶强度不充分的倾向,而超过上述上限值时,存在制造时的反应速度太快,凝胶化不均匀、操作性不充分的倾向。
另外,作为凝胶化的速度调节剂,也可以配合对金属离子有螯合作用的EDTA、醋酸、乳酸、草酸、柠檬酸、酒石酸等的有机酸、EDTA-2钠、柠檬酸钙、柠檬酸钠、柠檬酸二钠等的有机酸盐、有机碱等。
作为上述表面活性剂,例如,可以配合二辛基磺基琥珀酸钠、烷基硫酸盐、2-乙基己基烷基硫酸酯钠盐、正十二烷基苯磺酸钠等的阴离子表面活性剂;十六烷基三甲基氯化铵、十八烷基二甲基苄基氯化铵、聚氧乙烯十二烷基单甲基氯化铵等的阳离子表面活性剂;聚氧乙烯硬脂酰基醚、聚氧乙烯固化蓖麻子油、聚氧乙烯十三烷基醚、聚氧乙烯壬基苯基醚、聚氧乙烯辛基苯基醚、聚氧乙烯单硬脂酸酯、山梨糖醇酐单硬脂酸酯、山梨糖醇酐单棕榈酸酯、山梨糖醇酐倍半油酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单月桂酸酯、聚氧乙烯山梨糖醇酐单油酸酯、甘油单硬脂酸酯、聚甘油脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯十八烷基胺等的非离子表面活性剂。其中,最优选聚氧乙烯单硬脂酸酯、聚氧乙烯固化蓖麻子油。
表面活性剂的配合量,以粘接剂层1的总量为基准,优选是0.05~2质量%、更优选是0.2~1.5质量%、再优选是0.4~1.0质量%。配合量未满上述下限值时,存在容易析出的问题,而超过上述限值时有难保持保型性的倾向。
此外,本发明也可以根据需要配合美肤成分、非甾体系炎症剂、保湿成分、抗氧剂、交联剂、防腐剂、增粘剂、溶解剂、色素、香料、紫外线吸收剂、无机填充剂及pH调节剂等。
作为上述美肤成分,可优选使用水溶性胎盘提取物、尿囊素、卵磷脂、氨基酸类、曲酸、曲酸衍生物(优选C5~C20的烷基加成的曲酸衍生物)、蛋白质、激素类、各种生药(芦荟、丝瓜、甘草等的提取物)、海草提取物、维生素类(维生素A、维生素C、维生素D、维生素E等)、咖啡因、盐酸2-二苯甲氧基-N,N-二甲基乙胺、水杨酸2-二苯甲氧基-N,N-二甲基乙胺、丹宁酸2-二苯甲氧基-N,N-二甲基乙胺、盐酸吡咯吡胺、美喹他嗪、马来酸氯苯吡胺、d-马来酸氯苯吡胺、富马酸吡咯醇胺、盐酸普鲁米近,曲尼司抗、色氨酸钠、凯托替芬、硫酸酚酯酶、丁苯乙肟、苄吲酸、氟灭酸丁酯、布洛芬、吲哚美辛、阿司匹林、氟比咯芬、凯托洛芬、吡罗昔康、2-吡啶甲灭酸、5,6-脱氧花生油烯酸、七叶亭、ュ-バチリン、4-デメチルュ-バチリン、咖啡因酸、苯噁洛芬等,其中最优选水溶性胎盘提取物、尿囊素等。
作为上述非甾体系炎症剂,优选使用吲哚美辛、凯托洛芬、联苯乙酸、氟比洛芬、凯托罗克、吡罗苷康、氯索洛芬、布洛芬吡啶甲醇、双氯灭酸钠等。
作为上述保湿成分,可以将酰化山羊乳酪(アシル化ケフィラン)水溶液、麦芽提取物、二醇类分别单独或组合使用。这些的配合量没有特殊限制,但以粘接剂层1的总量为基准,优选1~50质量%、更优选是5~30质量%、再优选是5~25质量%。最好配合量考虑制剂的粘着性或凝聚性、使用前的保水性与保型性的降低、凝胶的不均匀化、操作性的降低与使用时的使用感的降低等而决定。
另外,上述二醇类,优选是作为有聚醚结构二醇类的平均分子量500~3000的聚丙二醇。
作为上述抗氧剂,可以配合抗坏血酸、没含子酸丙酯、丁基羟基苯甲醚、二丁基羟基甲苯、去甲二氢愈创木酸、生育酚、醋酸生育酚、天然维生素E等。
作为上述交联剂,可以将水难溶性铝化合物、多官能性环氧化合物、氨基树脂、酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、醇酸树脂、不饱和聚酯等的热固性树脂、异氰酸酯化合物、封端异氰酸酯化合物、有机类交联剂、金属或金属化合物等的无机类交联剂分别单独或组合使用。
作为上述防腐剂,可以使用对羟基苯甲酸乙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丙酯、对羟基苯甲酸丁酯。
作为上述增粘剂,可以配合酪蛋白、支链淀粉、琼脂、葡聚糖、褐藻酸钠、可溶性淀粉、羧基淀粉、糊精、羧甲基纤维素、羧甲基纤维素钠、甲基纤维素、乙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、聚乙烯醇、聚环氧乙烷、聚丙烯酰胺、聚丙烯酸、聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮、羧基乙烯基聚合物、聚乙烯基醚、马来酸共聚物、甲氧基乙烯马来酸酐共聚物、异丁烯马来酸酐共聚物、聚亚烷基亚胺、聚乙烯基醇部分皂化物、羟丙基甲基纤维素、呫吨胶、N-乙烯基乙酰胺等。
作为上述溶解剂,可列举肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、己二酸二异丙酯、克罗他米通、薄荷油等。其中,特别优选肉豆蔻酸异丙酯。这些的配合量,以粘接剂层1的总量为基准,优选0.2~3质量%、更优选0.5~2质量%、特别优选是0.8~1.5质量%。
作为上述色素,可以配合红色2号(阿马兰斯)、红色3号(赤藓红钠盐)、红色102号(新胭脂红)、红色104号(1)(弗洛克辛B)、红色105号(1)(玫红)、红色106号(酸性红)、黄色4号(塔特拉津)、黄色5号(桑赛特黄-FCF)、绿色3号(坚实绿-FCF)、蓝色1号(坚固蓝-FCF)、蓝色2号(靛蓝卡鲁明)等的法定色素。对色素没有特殊限制,但对制剂形象有大的影响,与提高使用感或皮肤活性化感有关。
作为上述香料,可以配合薄荷油、肉桂油、丁香油、茴香油、蓖麻子油、松节油、桉叶油、橙皮油、熏衣草油、柠檬油、蔷薇油、柠檬草油或迷迭香油、鼠尾草等的植物提取物等。
作为上述紫外线吸收剂,可以配合对氨基苯甲酸、对氨基苯甲酸酯、对二甲基氨基苯甲酸戊酯、水杨酸酯、邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯、伞形酮、七叶苷、肉桂酸苄酯、对甲氧肉桂酸乙氧乙酯(シノキサ-ト)、愈疮薁、尿刊酸、2-(2-羟基-5-甲基苯基)苯并三唑、4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、苯二酚、辛苯酮、二羟基二甲氧基二苯甲酮、舒利苯酮、2-苯酰基间苯二酚、辛基二甲基对氨基苯甲酸脂、乙基己基对甲氧基肉桂酸酯等。
作为上述无机填充剂,可以使用碳酸钙、碳酸镁、硅酸盐(例如,硅酸铝、硅酸镁等)、硅酸、硫酸钡、硫酸钙、锌酸钙、氧化锌、氧化钛。
作为上述pH调节剂,可以配合乙酸、甲酸、乳酸、酒石酸、草酸、苯甲酸、乙醇酸、苯果酸、柠檬酸、盐酸、硝酸、硫酸、氢氧化钠、氢氧钙、甲胺、乙胺、丙胺、二甲胺、二乙胺、二丙胺、三甲胺、三乙胺、三丙胺、一甲醇胺、一乙醇胺、一丙醇胺、二甲醇胺、二乙醇胺、二丙醇胺、三甲醇胺、三乙醇胺、三丙醇胺、柠檬酸缓冲液、磷酸缓冲液、甘氨酸缓冲液、醋酸缓冲液等的缓冲液等。
适当配合了适量前述各成分的混合液(膏体)的pH值要考虑对皮肤没有刺激,优选混合液的pH是4~8、更优选是5~7的范围。
上述美肤成分、保湿成分、抗氧剂、交联剂、防腐剂、增粘剂、溶解剂、色素、香料、紫外线吸收剂、无机填充剂及pH调节剂各添加剂的配合量没有特殊限制,但这些添加物的合计量,以粘接剂层1的总量为基准优选是5~70质量%、更优选是20~60质量%。
上述的粘接剂层1是配置在支撑体2上的部分,作为温感敷剂10使用的支撑体2,若是可支撑粘接剂层1的支撑体较好,可以使用伸缩性或非伸缩性的支撑体,具体地可以使用纤维片或树脂薄膜等。其中,优选有水蒸汽透过性的织布或无纺布构成的纤维片。若使用这样的纤维片的支撑体,则可以有效地使贴附时积存在患部与贴剂之间的汗蒸发,可以防止因汗发霉或皮肤刺激。
作为支撑体2,具体地,可列举聚氨酯、聚酯、聚丙烯、聚醋酸乙烯酯、聚偏氯乙烯、聚乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯、铝片、尼龙、丙烯酸纤维、绵、人造丝、醋酸酯等的合成纤维或天然纤维,或这些的纤维复合成织布或无纺布的纤维片,还可列举上述这些与有水蒸汽透过性的薄膜的复合材料构成的纤维片。
从安全性、通用性及伸缩性的观点考虑,这些之中优选聚酯、聚乙烯、聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯制成的织布或无纺布的纤维片,更优选聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯制成的织布或无纺布的纤维片。这样的纤维片既使是有一定的厚度,也是有柔软性,容易随和皮肤、皮肤刺激性低的纤维片。此外,通过使用纤维片可以得到有适度自支撑性的贴剂。
支撑体2的厚度优选400~2000μm,更优选是600~1000μm。厚度未满上述下限值的场合,存在停泊性不充分的倾向,而超过上述上限时,存在贴附时产生不舒适感的倾向。
另外,支撑体2的透湿度优选是500~6000g/m2/24hr、更优选是2000~6000g/m2/24hr、再优选是3000~5000g/m2/24hr。支撑体的透湿度未限下限值时存在成为潮热或起斑疹原因的倾向,而超过上述上限值时存在难得到ODT效果形成的适度的保湿效果的倾向。上述透湿度(水蒸汽透过性)可根据JIS Z 0208规定的方法进行测定。
以下,作为温感敷剂边参照图2表示的模式截面图边对优选的有3层结构支撑体的温感敷剂进行说明。
图2表示的温感敷剂20,是在具有热塑性树脂薄膜2b,与分别配置在该薄膜两面的织布或无纺布构成的纤维片2a的3层结构的支撑体2的一个的面上设粘接剂层1的结构。
作为纤维片2a,可以使用与上述的纤维片同样的纤维片。纤维片2a优选单位面积的重量是10~200g/m2、更优选是50~150g/m2。单位面积的重量未满上述下限值的纤维片,不仅贴剂的操作性不充分,而且存在缺乏缓冲性、异物感的改善也不充分的倾向。而超过上述上限值的纤维片,虽然缓冲性增大但整体变硬,存在皮肤刺激增大的倾向。
另外,前述纤维片2a的厚度优选10-200μm、更优选是50~150μm。厚度未满上述下限值时,停泊性存在不充分的倾向,另外,若超过上述上限值,存在贴附时产生不舒适感的倾向。
作为热塑性树脂薄膜2b,例如,可列举聚酯、聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚氨酯、聚酰胺(尼龙)、聚甲醛、聚碳酸酯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂、聚苯乙烯、(甲基)丙烯酸树脂构成的树脂薄膜。其中,最优选聚酯或聚乙烯制的树脂薄膜。
通过使用热塑性树脂薄膜2b,使支撑体2为3层结构,可得到基本上没有药物向支撑体2中迁移造成的药物损失,贴剂往皮肤上粘贴时密封形成适度的ODT(密封包装法)效果及适度的保湿效果的贴剂20。
热塑性树脂薄膜2b的厚度优选10~100μm、更优选是15~30μm。厚度未满前述下限值时,有制造贴剂时不能维持自支撑性、难贴的倾向,并有时药物的阻隔性降低、密封效果不充分。而超过上述上限值时,对贴附部位的追踪性不充分,容易产生不舒适感,另外存在容易损伤贴附部位的倾向。
具有3层结构的支撑体2的贴剂20,有适度的自支撑性、可支撑固定腰痛、肌肉痛等的患部。而且操作性好的同时可防止粘接剂层1中所含有的药物从支撑体2背面(粘附粘接剂层1所附着的面的相反侧面)产生的药物透过,利用往皮肤上贴附后的密封保湿效果明显提高温感赋予物质的温感效果。
此外,该贴剂20所密封的部位,角质层利用积存的皮肤水分软化膨润,由于皮肤的阻隔性降低故温感赋予物质或药物的经皮吸收明显增大。
3层结构的支撑体2的厚度优选100~1200μtm、更优选是300~900μm。厚度未满上述下限值时存在停泊性不充分的倾向,而超过上述上限值时存在产生贴附时不舒适感的倾向。
另外,3层结构的支撑体2的透湿度优选500~6000g/m2/24hr,更优选是2000~6000g/m2/24hr,再优选是3000~5000g/m2/24hr。支撑体的透湿度未满下限值时存在起斑疹或膏体产生垂滴的倾向,而超过上述上限值时存在难得到ODT效果形成的适度的保湿效果的倾向。
作为3层结构的支撑体2的制造方法,可列举使液状的热塑性树脂流入2块纤维片2a之间,在热塑性树脂固化之前通过送到辊筒上层合,使其变薄延展然使使热塑性树脂固化,使2块无纺布或织布构成的纤维片2a与热塑性树脂粘接的方法。由此,可得到树脂薄膜2b与纤维片2a构成的3层结构的支撑体2。
另外,支撑体的颜色没有特殊限制,但为了有利于使用感或皮肤活性化感的提高,优选着色成白色、皮肤色、黄色、红色、橙色、绿色、粉红色、水色等。
以下,对温感敷剂的制造方法进行说明。温感敷剂10、20是在支撑体2的至少一个面上配置上述粘接剂层1的构成,但在支撑体2上配置粘接剂层1的方法没有特殊限制。例如,在搅拌机中将一般配合于药物、粘接剂层中得到的诸成分、及根据需要添加的上述其他的成分的混合物进行混合,制得均匀的混合物。然后,通过在支撑体2上涂布或延展该混合物可制得温感敷剂10,20。
这里,如图1、2所示,温感敷剂既可以是具有1层粘接剂层的构成,而只要不破坏药物的皮肤透过性也还可以是具有2层以上粘接剂层(没图示)的构成。
另外,粘接剂层1的膜厚没有特殊限制,但优选是20~200μm。粘接剂层1的膜厚未满上述下限值时存在药物的皮肤透过性不充分的倾向,而超过上述上限值时存在贴附后易引起粘接剂仍残留在皮肤上的现象(粘接剂残留)。
另外,贴剂10、20在粘接剂层1上还具有脱膜纸(没图示)的场合,通过在脱膜纸上涂布上述混合物后,将支撑体2贴合在涂布面上,或在支撑体2上涂布上述混合物后,将剥离纸贴合在涂布面上,可制得有脱模纸的贴剂。
这样,贴剂10、20还具有脱模纸的场合,作为使用的脱模纸,具体地可列举聚对苯二甲酸乙二酯等的聚酯、聚氯乙烯、聚偏氯乙烯等的薄膜、优质纸与聚烯烃的复合薄膜等。这些剥离纸、若对与粘接剂层上接触的这一侧的面实施聚硅氧烷处理,则由于可提高脱模纸与贴剂10、20剥离时的操作容易性而优选。
这样制得的温感敷剂10、20,优选适当裁成设定的形状使用。即为了用于身体的部分位置,可加工成正好适用于胸用、背用、胳膊用、脚或腿用、腰用、肩用等目的部位的形状。此外,从防止保存中的污染,挥发性物质蒸发导致的效果降低等的观点考虑,最好贴剂直到使用时为止均保存在密封的袋或容器中。
(实施例)
以下,利用实施例及比较例更详细地说明本发明,但本发明不受这些实施例任何限定。另外,以下的实施例与比较例中,只要没有特殊说明则“%”意味着“质量%”。
(实施例1)
将精制水55.55%、明胶3%、聚丙烯酸3%、聚丙烯酸部分中和物3%、聚乙烯醇2%、合成硅酸铝1%、偏硅铝酸镁0.3%、聚氧乙烯单硬脂酸酯0.5%、乙二胺四乙酸二钠0.3%、对羟基苯甲酸甲酯0.2%、甘油20%、聚乙二醇10%、L-薄荷醇1.0%及10%辣椒提取物0.15%进行搅拌至到均匀地分散、溶解,制得作为粘接剂层1的涂布液。涂布液中的辣椒辣素的配合量是0.015%。另外,聚乙二醇使用分子量400的マクロゴ-ル400。
然后,把涂布液延展在支撑体2上使之成为1000g/m2、粘贴薄膜。接着,裁成10cm×14cm,制得片状的温感敷剂。
此外,实施例1使用的支撑体2的组成是聚酯无纺布(单位面积重量50g/m2)/聚乙烯薄膜(厚度15μm)/聚酯无纺布(单位面积重量50g/m2)的3层结构的支撑体,透湿度为3800g/m2/24hr。透湿度根据JIS Z 0208规定的方法、在温度40℃、相对湿度90%下进行测定。
(比较例1)
除了实施例1的涂布液中甘油的配合量改成30%、不配合聚乙二醇以外,其他采用与实施例1同样的方法制得温感敷剂。
(比较例2)
除了实施例1的涂布液中配合10%的山梨糖醇70%水溶液来替代聚乙二醇以外,其他采用与实施例1同样的方法制得温感敷剂
(比较例3)
除了实施例1的涂布液中配合液体石蜡10%替代聚乙二醇以外,其他采用与实施例1同样的方法制得温感敷剂。
(试验例1:残刺激性试验)
使用实施例1及比较例1~3制得的温感敷剂,照以下进行残刺激性试验。首先,把各贴剂分别贴在30名成年人(评价小组)的腰上,将该状态保持8小时。然后,剥离贴剂,再经过1小时后全部评定人员均洗澡。
按以下所示的刺痛感强度的标准,对全部的参评人员评价洗澡时使用各贴剂部分的刺痛感,
5 无刺痛
4 略感刺痛
3 有刺痛感
2 强刺痛感但可忍受
1 不能忍受
按照评价结果的平均值评价残刺激性。把得到的结果示于表1。
(表1)
实施例1 | 比较例1 | 比较例2 | 比较例3 | |
平均值 | 4.5 | 2.0 | 2.5 | 2.3 |
由表1所示的结果看出实施例1制得的温感敷剂是残刺激性十分低的温感敷剂,确认温感敷剂剥离后可舒适的洗澡。而使用比较例1~3的温感敷剂的场合有残刺激性的问题,确认参评人员中也有不能忍耐洗澡时刺痛感的参评人员存在。此外,贴附时,实施例1得到的温感敷剂是温感、清凉感及这些特性的持续性方面也良好的温感敷剂。
因此,确认几种刺激降低剂中,聚乙二醇特别适合作为充分降低残刺激性的残刺激降低剂使用。
如以上所说明,根据本发明可以获得十分好的温感效果,且可以制得随适度的温感效果而进一步增强感觉可以的刺激持续性,同时充分降低残刺激性的温感敷剂。
Claims (7)
1.温感敷剂,其特征在于具有支撑体和配置在该支撑体至少一个面上的粘接剂层,前述粘接剂层含有温感赋予物质、L-薄荷醇及作为残刺激降低剂的聚乙二醇。
2.权利要求1所述的温感敷剂,其特征在于前述温感赋予物质是选自辣椒辣素、二羟基辣椒辣素、辣椒红素、辣椒糖醇、辣椒苷、辣椒提取物、辣椒药酒、辣椒粉末、烟酸苄酯、烟酸β-丁氧基乙酯、N-酰基香草酰胺、壬酸香草酰胺及香草基醇烷基醚的温感赋予物质。
3.权利要求1或2所述的温感敷剂,其特征在于以前述粘接剂层的总量为基准,分别含有前述温感赋予物质0.001~0.1质量%、前述L-薄荷醇0.01~5质量5及前述聚乙二醇3~25质量%。
4.权利要求1~3的任何一项所述的温感敷剂,其特征在于前述聚乙二醇的分子量是200~4000。
5.权利要求1~4的任何一项所述的温感敷剂,其特征在于前述粘接剂层还含有非甾体类抗炎症剂。
6.权利要求1~5的任何一项所述的温感敷剂,其特征在于前述支撑体是具有热塑性树脂薄膜,和分别配置于该树脂薄膜两面的织布或无纺布制的纤维片的3层结构的支撑体。
7.权利要求1~6的任何一项所述的温感敷剂,其特征在于前述支撑体的透湿度是500~6000g/m2/24hr。
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