CN1643560A - 双面显示装置 - Google Patents

双面显示装置 Download PDF

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CN1643560A
CN1643560A CNA038059134A CN03805913A CN1643560A CN 1643560 A CN1643560 A CN 1643560A CN A038059134 A CNA038059134 A CN A038059134A CN 03805913 A CN03805913 A CN 03805913A CN 1643560 A CN1643560 A CN 1643560A
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pixel
display device
row
display
mirror image
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A·吉拉多
M·T·约翰逊
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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Abstract

通过成镜像的转换开关电路实现双面可观看显示器(一种在两面上提供信息的显示器)的驱动，还提出了用于同步(全部或部分)视图的技术。

Description

双面显示装置
本发明涉及一种能够从两个相对的侧面上观看的显示装置，该显示装置包括至少一个提供有用于限定象素的电极的第一基板，该装置还包括在第一驱动模式中用于选择象素行的驱动选择部件，在所述第一驱动模式中从基本垂直于基板的第一方向上观看的显示器，以及在第二驱动模式中用于选择象素行的驱动部件，在所述第二驱动模式中从与第一方向相对的第二方向上观看的显示器。
这种有源矩阵显示装置的例子是TFT-LCD(薄膜晶体管液晶显示器)或AM-LCD(有源矩阵液晶显示器)，它们用于便携式计算机和管理器(organizer)，并且还在GMS电话领域获得不断增长的广泛应用。例如，也可以使用(有机)LED(发光二极管)显示器装置代替LCD，或使用基于其它效应的显示器，如电泳效应现象的显示器，反射镜显示器等代替。
从相对侧面观看数据的电子设备在例如便携式计算机和管理器以及收银机中越来越多的得到认可。
在到目前为止的这些常用的设备中，使用两个显示屏，每个显示屏对应一个观看方向，这样做的成本很高。如果要实现一种单显示层(具有驱动电极的电光层)，那么这样的显示器(该显示器在两个侧面上显示视频信息)就要求镜像(mirrored)数据在一个侧面上是可读的，所谓的镜像(mirroring)或反转(inversion)问题。在显示控制器中执行反转功能，其中的数据处理使用镜像(mirrored)(反转(inverted))象素数据代替象素数据。这要求具有这种特殊功能的另外的电子设备(集成电路IC或集成电路IC功能块)，并且尤其是它要运行更多的操作，从而更耗费能量。
本发明的一个目的是为这个问题提供一种解决方案。
为此，根据本发明的显示装置还包括用于提供数据的部件和驱动部件，驱动部件用于相对于显示部分的镜像线使要写入的象素内容的数据成镜像(mirroring)。
由于当前在显示装置中执行反转功能，所以不需要特殊的驱动器。镜像线(mirroring line)可以基本与象素的列或行一致，或位于象素的两行或两列之间。
在一个优选实施例中，用于使显示部分成镜像的驱动部件，具有k列，包括将象素(i，j)的内容与象素(i，k-j)的内容进行交换的部件，i是驱动显示部分的显示的行(row)号。这表明成镜像是根据列方向进行的。同样，能够根据行方向成镜像。
参照以下所示附图进行说明，本发明的这些和其它方面将更为明显和得以说明。
附图中：
图1是该显示装置的电路图，
图2是部分显示装置的横截面图，用来解释本发明，
图3和4示出了镜像变换(mirroring transformation)，
图5和6示出了能够进行镜像变换的装置的一部分的实施例，
图7是部分显示装置的横截面图，用来解释本发明，
图8示出了能够进行镜像变换的装置的一部分。
这些图是概略的，不是按比例描绘的。相同的元件一般用相同的附图标记表示。
图1是应用本发明的显示装置1的一部分的电气等效电路图。它包括由行或选择电极7与列或数据电极6相交叉的区域所限定的象素8的矩阵。通过行驱动器4连续的选择行电极，同时通过数据寄存器5给列电极提供数据。为此，如果需要，首先在处理器3中处理输入数据2。通过驱动线路9，在行驱动器4和数据寄存器5之间产生相互同步。
图2示出了在玻璃基板12上的发光象素8的横截面图。发光层10设置在透明的行或选择电极7与透明的列或数据电极6之间。在这个例子中的透明电极是ITO电极。在这个例子中，发光层10包括例如聚(对亚苯基亚乙烯撑)(poly(p-phenylene vinylene)或PPV和聚乙烯基二氧噻吩(polyethylenedioxythiophene)(PEDOT)的子层10a、10b。为了防止象素间的泄漏，电极由绝缘层13相互分隔。透明的阳极和阴极的使用，允许在发光层的一侧上通过透明的阴极7进行发射11，并且允许在发光层的另一侧上通过透明的阳极6(通常是ITO)和基板(例如，玻璃)12进行发射11′。
在这个例子中，由于显示器本身全部或部分是透明的，所以两侧的对比度都很差。在这里不能详细描述这个问题的解决方案，因为如上所述，这个申请主要是处理在双面显示中的驱动问题，即视频信息正确的显示在一面上，并成镜像(mirrored)到另一面上。
由“后面”的观察者看到的写入到显示器中的图像，不同于由“前面”的观察者看到图像，如图3中限定的镜像转换的结果。在数学上它对于与垂直中线一致的轴呈奇偶性。当将左边的象素以距该中线相等的距离转换到同一行但是在右边的象素时，不对列下标为m/2的所有的象素成镜像，反之亦然。
当这种功能的反功能(inverse)应用到显示器中的图像时，不再使后面的视图成镜像，从而它是正确的。这种功能也叫做“反转”。能够在显示控制器中执行该反转功能，其中的数据处理使用象素(i，m-j)代替象素(i，j)。但是，这要求带有这种特殊功能的芯片，并且尤其是它要运行更多的操作，从而更耗费能量。
根据本发明，在显示器中实现了反转功能的集成。为此，显示装置(列驱动器5)包括转换开关部分15(图1、4)，它启动“正常视图”(EN＝0)和“反转视图”(EN＝1)。能够使用不同的方法实现这种转换。也能够通过到传感器的连接进行启动，建立优选的视图，例如通过光电二极管或压力传感器，确定是否打开或关闭(移动电话)显示器。
实施例1
图5示出了反转功能的第一实施侧，它可以通过有源矩阵技术(例如多晶硅技术)集成在驱动电路或显示基板中。转换单元(在列的顶部上的一侧)包括每对列的四个MOS晶体管。PMOS晶体管(转换开关)16互连列驱动器5的输出(j)6′到相应的列6(j)。NMOS晶体管(转换开关)17互连列驱动器5的输出线路(j)6′到相应的镜像列输出线路6(m-j)。EN＝0时，开启(open)PMOS晶体管(并且关闭(closed)NMOS晶体管)，列驱动器5的各自输出6′，j和6′，m-j对应于各自的列6，j和6，m-j。EN＝1时，开启NMOS晶体管17(并且关闭PMOS晶体管)，输出6′，j和6′，m-j分别对应于列6，m-j和6，j。
实施例2
图6示出了反转功能的第二实施例，使用同样型号的晶体管。转换单元(在列的顶部上的一侧)包括每对列的四个PMOS晶体管和两条启动线路18，18′。当线路18为高电平(线路1)并且线路18′为低电平(线路2)时，开启PMOS晶体管16(并且关闭PMOS晶体管16′)，列驱动器5的各自输出6′，j和m-j对应于各自的列6，j和m-j。当线路18′为高电平(线路2)并且线路18为低电平(线路1)时，开启PMOS晶体管16′(并且关闭PMOS晶体管16)，输出6′，j和m-j分别对应于列6，m-j和j。使用NMOS晶体管可以实现一个等效电路，NMOS晶体管可以用非定型晶体硅技术实现。
实施例3
在图7中，通过生成一个象素的两个子象素，实现同步的前部和后部视图。一个子像素8a发射光11a到前部，另一个子像素8b发射光11b到后部。通过两个附加的转换开关(例如NMOS晶体管26和PMOS晶体管27)，与启动上述的反转功能同步地操作子象素，。通过电压线23经过晶体管22提供电流，晶体管22与电容24一起形成电流源。通过从数据电极6选择数据电压启动该电流源，经过转换开关(晶体管)25由选择电极7将数据电压传送到电流源，启动所述转换开关(晶体管)25。
加入黑底20和镜子21，以防止发射到错误的一侧。
本发明的保护范围不仅限于所述的实施例。此外，虽然实施例中的描述是关于LED的，但是本发明可以应用到其它的显示机构中，如液晶显示器、电致变色显示器、电泳显示器和其它的显示机构，它们允许两面观看(被动和主动寻址)。
如图7、8所示，具有反转转换开关的双面显示器能够用于同步前面的和后面的视图。在另一个显示器中，这是通过遮光板(shutter)达到的，例如通过在每个侧面的顶部使用遮光板层，遮光板层与镜像启动功能同步操作。可能的遮光板层由具有染色(溶液凝胶)的TN-LC(扭转向列LC)、FLC(电铁体LC)、PDLC(分散聚合物LC)或客户/主机系统构成。
也可能有意地反转全部或部分的屏幕(查看图片、特殊效果/分块显示屏幕)。如上面所提到的，所述电路也可以用作根据行的方向启动成镜像。
在实现成镜像电路的过程中，还存在许多其它的可能性，如使用其它的技术，如场效应晶体管。
本发明在于每个和全部新颖的特有特征以及每个和全部特有特征的组合。权利要求书中的附图标记不限制它们的保护范围。使用动词的“包括”以及其变化，并不排除出现除了在权利要求书中陈述的之外的部件。在部件前使用冠词“一个”，不排除表示多个这样的部件。

Claims (15)

1、一种显示装置，能够从两个相对的侧面上观看，该显示装置包括至少一个提供有用于限定象素的电极的第一基板，该装置还包括在第一驱动模式中用于选择象素行的驱动选择部件，在所述第一驱动模式中从基本垂直于所述第一基板的第一方向上观看的显示器，以及在第二驱动模式中用于选择象素行的驱动部件，在所述第二驱动模式中从与所述方向相对的第二方向上观看的显示器，所述显示装置还包括用于提供数据的部件和用于相对于显示部分的镜像线使要写入的象素内容数据成镜像的驱动部件。
2、根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中镜像线基本与象素的列或行一致。
3、根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中，镜像线位于象素的两行或两列之间。
4、根据权利要求2或3所述的显示装置，其中用于使显示部分成镜像的驱动部件具有k列，包括将象素(i，j)的内容与象素(i，k-j)的内容进行互换的部件，i是显示部分的行号。
5、根据权利要求4所述的显示装置，其中给k列中的两列提供：在象素的列j之间的第一种转换开关和用于提供数据给所述象素的列j的部件，以及在列(k-j)之间的第二种转换开关和用于提供数据给所述象素的列j的部件。
6、根据权利要求5所述的显示装置，其中第一种和第二种转换开关是互补晶体管，用于成镜像的驱动部件包括用于所述互补晶体管的通用启动部件。
7、根据权利要求5所述的显示装置，其中用于成镜像的驱动部件包括用于第一种和第二种转换开关的互补启动部件。
8、根据权利要求2或3所述的显示装置，其中用于使显示部分成镜像的驱动部件具有k行，包括将象素(i，j)的内容与象素(k-i，j)的内容进行互换的部件，j是显示部分的列号。
9、根据权利要求8所述的显示装置，其中给k行中的两行提供：在象素的行j之间的第一种转换开关和用于选择所述象素的行j的部件，以及在行(k-j)之间的第二种转换开关和用于选择所述象素的行j的部件。
10、根据权利要求9所述的显示装置，其中第一种和第二种转换开关是互补晶体管，用于成镜像的驱动部件包括用于所述互补晶体管的通用启动部件。
11、根据权利要求9所述的显示装置，其中用于成镜像的驱动部件包括用于第一种和第二种转换开关的互补启动部件。
12、根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中象素分成子象素，用于成镜像的驱动部件使一种子象素成镜像。
13、根据权利要求12所述的显示装置，其中基本同步地执行所述驱动的第一和第二模式。
14、根据权利要求12所述的显示装置，其中在基本垂直于显示器的方向上观看时，在显示器的不同侧面上的不同子象素包括一个吸收层或反射层。
15、根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其中象素包括场致发光二极管。
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