CN1642436A - 涂覆冰冻甜点 - Google Patents

涂覆冰冻甜点 Download PDF

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CN1642436A
CN1642436A CNA038057395A CN03805739A CN1642436A CN 1642436 A CN1642436 A CN 1642436A CN A038057395 A CNA038057395 A CN A038057395A CN 03805739 A CN03805739 A CN 03805739A CN 1642436 A CN1642436 A CN 1642436A
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coating
parfait
fat
soft type
ice
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CN100482091C (zh
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A·利斯
G·纳波利塔诺
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Nestec SA
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23GCOCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G9/00Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
    • A23G9/32Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
    • A23G9/327Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds characterised by the fatty product used, e.g. fat, fatty acid, fatty alcohol, their esters, lecithin, glycerides
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23GCOCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G9/00Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
    • A23G9/04Production of frozen sweets, e.g. ice-cream
    • A23G9/08Batch production
    • A23G9/083Batch production using moulds
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23GCOCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G9/00Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
    • A23G9/04Production of frozen sweets, e.g. ice-cream
    • A23G9/22Details, component parts or accessories of apparatus insofar as not peculiar to a single one of the preceding groups
    • A23G9/24Details, component parts or accessories of apparatus insofar as not peculiar to a single one of the preceding groups for coating or filling the products
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23GCOCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G9/00Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
    • A23G9/04Production of frozen sweets, e.g. ice-cream
    • A23G9/22Details, component parts or accessories of apparatus insofar as not peculiar to a single one of the preceding groups
    • A23G9/28Details, component parts or accessories of apparatus insofar as not peculiar to a single one of the preceding groups for portioning or dispensing
    • A23G9/281Details, component parts or accessories of apparatus insofar as not peculiar to a single one of the preceding groups for portioning or dispensing at the discharge end of freezing chambers
    • A23G9/285Details, component parts or accessories of apparatus insofar as not peculiar to a single one of the preceding groups for portioning or dispensing at the discharge end of freezing chambers for extruding strips, cutting blocks and manipulating cut blocks
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23GCOCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G9/00Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
    • A23G9/32Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
    • A23G9/322Products for covering, coating, finishing, decorating
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23GCOCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G9/00Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
    • A23G9/44Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by shape, structure or physical form
    • A23G9/48Composite products, e.g. layered, laminated, coated, filled
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23GCOCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G9/00Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
    • A23G9/44Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by shape, structure or physical form
    • A23G9/50Products with edible or inedible supports, e.g. cornets
    • A23G9/503Products with edible or inedible supports, e.g. cornets products with an inedible support, e.g. a stick
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23GCOCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
    • A23G2200/00COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF containing organic compounds, e.g. synthetic flavouring agents
    • A23G2200/08COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF containing organic compounds, e.g. synthetic flavouring agents containing cocoa fat if specifically mentioned or containing products of cocoa fat or containing other fats, e.g. fatty acid, fatty alcohol, their esters, lecithin, paraffins

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Confectionery (AREA)

Abstract

一种具有冰冻甜点馅心和脂肪基外部涂层的冰冻甜点,其中所述涂层的脂肪主要为软型棕榈中间馏分。在脂肪基涂层中使用熔点约26℃的软型棕榈中间馏分显著减少或防止了透过涂覆冰淇淋制品的渗漏。

Description

涂覆冰冻甜点
发明领域
本发明涉及由不同于可可脂的植物脂肪制得的复合涂层的改进方法,并涉及涂覆冰冻甜点及其制备方法,更特别地涉及涂有脂肪基涂层的冰冻甜点。
发明背景
通过其中使模制或挤压制冰淇淋馅心浸涂或涂覆融化巧克力涂料的模制或挤压工艺而制得的冰淇淋制品常常具有所谓渗漏的缺点。当融化冰淇淋渗过所述涂层并渗漏在表面上时会表现出该缺点,因此产生令人不悦的外观。当所用涂层含有大量月桂酸型油脂(例如椰子油或棕榈仁油)时这个缺点很常见。在巧克力涂层中使用这种月桂酸型油脂是常规的做法,例如在US 6,210,739中对此作了描述。
减少出现渗漏的常见方法是用软型非月桂酸型油脂(例如豆油或葵花油)代替部分月桂酸型油脂,以软化质地并使所述涂层具有一定柔性。这样可以减少结晶过程中涂层的收缩,这种收缩现象被认为是产生渗漏的主要因素。然而由于所述方法的局限之处在于涂层的固化时间会变得很长并且所得涂层具有不理想的更加油腻的质地,所以这仅仅是渗漏问题的部分解决办法。
另一种常见的减少涂层渗漏的方法是将冰淇淋馅心浸入液氮中从而在与所述涂层接触之前获得极其冰冷而干燥的表面。这种方法的成本非常高,会引起安全问题并需要附加装置。此外,该方法会引起非常迅速的结晶作用而导致冰淇淋涂层中形成裂纹和所述涂层不能粘附于冰淇淋馅心上。消费期间冰淇淋块的涂层的裂纹和不粘附性是引起消费者不满的主要原因,因为这不仅处理麻烦而且会妨碍消费者食用所述制品的整个涂层和馅心。
已经有人建议在冰冻甜点和食用脂肪基涂层间使用预涂层或中间层来改善脂肪基涂层对冰冻甜点的粘附性的方法。WO 95/21536公开了一种在其至少部分表面上具有考维曲(converture)层的冰冻甜点,该层包含第一内部预涂层。这种预涂层可以具有类似于或者不同于外部考维曲层的组成,并含有约25~100%脂肪。但是这些需要附加的加工步骤,从而对产品的生产效率和总成本产生影响。
除了这些问题外还存在技术或者感官方面的限制。首先,所述涂层必须在允许的时间内结晶并变得足够坚硬以进行包装处理。其必须在巧克力装置可以操作的温度(通常为20~40℃)下使用。其次,所述涂层必须在口中快速融化以释放出愉悦的风味并类似于室温下食用的甜点制品。
因此需要在该领域中有所改进,现在本发明提供了以简单而有效的方式解决这些问题中的多个问题的改进涂层。
发明概述
目前已令人惊讶的发现使用熔点约26℃的软型棕榈中间馏分(palmmid fraction)作为脂肪基涂层中的主要脂肪可以显著减少或防止从制备到销售过程中涂覆冰淇淋制品中的渗漏现象。
因此本发明提供了一种包含冰冻甜点馅心和食用脂肪基外部涂层的冰冻甜点,其中所述涂层的脂肪含有其量足以减少或者防止从冰冻甜点的制备到销售过程中馅心渗漏透过所述涂层的软型棕榈中间馏分。
本发明还提供了一种用于减少或防止脂肪基冰淇淋涂层中的针孔或者用于减少或防止融化的冰淇淋从馅心渗漏透过涂覆冰淇淋制品的涂层的方法。该方法包括将脂肪基外部涂层施涂于冰冻甜点馅心上,其中所述涂层的脂肪含有软型棕榈中间馏分并且其量足以减少或防止从冰冻甜点的制备到销售过程中出现针孔或者馅心渗漏透过该涂层。
发明详述
冰冻甜点可以基于乳品或者脂肪,并可以是例如酸乳酪、冰乳或冷冻甜食。然而,本发明特别适用于冰冻甜点是冰淇淋的情况。所述脂肪基外部涂层主要基于软型分级棕榈油或者棕榈中间馏分(PMF),其通过两次分馏棕榈油而获得。这可以包括任何种类的以脂肪作为连续相的涂层,例如黑巧克力、牛奶巧克力或白巧克力或复合涂层,或者多种替代物如可可脂的直接替代物,或者它们的任何混合物。
软型PMF可以以原样使用或者以混合物的形式使用。当软型PMF与其它脂肪混合使用时,其占涂层中脂肪的5~80重量%。优选地,软型PMF占涂层中脂肪的至少97重量%。20重量%或者优选至多3重量%的余量可以由分馏或者氢化得到的硬化棕榈油馏分组成。
本发明冰冻甜点中的涂层的一个重要优点是显著改善了冰淇淋制品的整体品质。直接的优点是由于减少或甚至消除了渗漏和破裂从而改善了所述制品的外观。所述涂层的整体性的提高反过来会提高该涂层的保护作用并保持冰淇淋馅心的品质。
此外,食用时所述脂肪基涂层给人以类似于室温下的巧克力的口感。这意味与处于约0℃的冰淇淋结合的主要含有软型PMF的涂层在口中以类似于巧克力在室温下的融化方式融化。
在本发明中,软型分级棕榈油或者PMF的滑动熔点(slip meltingpoint)为22~30℃,优选为25~28℃,碘值为40~52。
在接近0℃下存在于该脂肪中的固体和液体部分的特定混合物可以防止产生过度硬化和脆性,因此可减少所述涂层出现渗漏和破裂。
因此,在所示温度下通过脉冲NMR测定的固体脂肪含量(以%计)优选为如下文所示的。这种测试在没有任何调温或者温度预调节的情况下进行。
                                       
0                      75-85
10                     65-80
20                     45-60
25                     10-25
30                     0-5
35                     0
已知类似的脂肪在甜点中用作夹心和填充物,但是尚未被用于冰淇淋涂层中。
本发明中重要的是所用的软型PMF的来源是非月桂酸型的。就其脂肪酸组成来说,它与常用涂层脂肪的不同之处在于它主要含有C16:0饱和酸(棕榈酸)和C18:1,n-9单不饱和酸(油酸),这明显不同于例如主要含有C12:0饱和酸(月桂酸)的椰子油。
它还不同于推荐作为冰淇淋涂层的硬型PMF:其棕榈酸的含量较低而油酸的含量较高。此外它与可可脂的不同之处在于后者的C18:0饱和酸(硬脂酸)含量高得多。
所述涂层含有5~80重量%软型PMF,优选35~60重量%;20~50重量%糖,优选30~40重量%;至多30重量%乳品成分,优选10~20重量%;至多30重量%可可成分,即可可粉或可可浆;所需量的卵磷脂和香兰素。
在本发明中,冰冻甜点可以是块状、圆顶状、夹心状、小块状、棒状、细条状。该甜点可以挤出或者模制。
对于涂覆而言,待涂覆的馅心优选处于低温约-15℃至-30℃或者更低温度下。所述馅心可以来自模制流水线或者来自隧道式冷冻装置,并优选预先冷却。
可以通过浸涂、喷涂或涂衣的方式方便地将所述涂层施涂于冰冻甜点馅心上。所述脂肪基涂层应当在其施涂温度下可流动并可涂覆,其中施涂温度可以为25~45℃,更常用的为30~40℃。如果温度太低,那么该涂层不能流动,如果温度太高(例如45℃),那么该涂层易于从冰淇淋上滑脱并导致涂覆不当,而且这会使冰淇淋馅心过度融化。
实施例
以下实施例进一步说明本发明。在这些实施例中,除非另有说明,份数和百分数以重量计。
在这些实施例中,通过目测的方式确定渗漏。
实施例1-2
制得支撑于棒状物上的模制冰淇淋馅心(80%膨胀率)并使其保持在-20℃至-30℃下。这些冰淇淋棒各自重42~44g。将这些冰淇淋棒冷却至-20℃至-30℃,然后浸入组成如表1所示的保持在30℃下的涂料中。被冰淇淋棒吸收的涂料的量为12~15g。所述涂料的组成列于下表1中。
                                表1
    组分 实施例1,% 实施例2,%
PMF44,Intercontinental Speciality Fats(ISF)糖可可浆可可粉(10-12%脂肪)部分脱盐乳清粉大豆卵磷脂香兰素     54.5025.40811.12-8.340.540.022     60.4525.238-5.58.250.540.022
对实施例1和2的涂料组成来说,其渗漏数目和破裂程度明显小于使用约48%椰子油和约5%部分氢化豆油作为涂层中脂肪的对比涂覆冰淇淋棒。
实施例3-8
按照实施例2中的方式处理模制冰淇淋馅心,并将其浸入具有实施例2的组成的涂料中,不同的是所述脂肪如下表2所示。
                            表2
  实施例     用硬化棕榈油代替软型PMF 固化时间(秒)
    3   0%硬化棕榈油,100%软型PMF     22
    4   0.5%硬化棕榈油,99.5%软型PMF     19
    5   1%硬化棕榈油,99.5%软型PMF     21
    6   1.5%硬化棕榈油,98.5%软型PMF     17
    7   2%硬化棕榈油,98%软型PMF     16
    8   3%硬化棕榈油,97%软型PMF     12
对于含有软型PMF作为脂肪的涂层(实施例3)来说,上表2所示的结晶时间或固化时间高于具有椰子油的相同涂层(约8.5秒),但是仍旧非常适用于生产线。可以通过用硬化棕榈油代替少量软型PMF来减少结晶时间。
对于实施例1~7的制品来说,观察到每个冰淇淋棒中的平均渗漏数目很低,即<1至2处渗漏,然而对于由精炼椰子油制得的涂层来说该数目为8.75(这些数值是对每种制品的3至5个冰淇淋棒计算得到的平均值)。
实施例9-10
制得支撑于棒状物上的挤压制冰淇淋馅心(100%膨胀率)并使其保持在-20℃至-30℃下。这些冰淇淋棒各自重42~44g。将这些冰淇淋棒冷却至-20℃至-30℃,然后浸入组成如表3所示的保持在30℃下的涂料中。被冰淇淋棒吸收的涂料的量为12~15g。所述涂料的组成列于下表3中。
                               表3
    组分 实施例9,% 实施例10,%
PMF44,Intercontinental Speciality Fats(ISF)糖全脂奶粉可可浆可可粉(10-12%脂肪)部分脱盐乳清粉大豆卵磷脂香兰素   39.335.37513.4007.600-3.7000.6000.025   37.06033.53410.99012.5303.5302.0700.2660.020
在这些实验中,熔点为26℃的软型PMF的平均渗漏数目<1/冰淇淋棒。相比而言,熔点为32~36℃的硬型PMF表现出约25处渗漏/冰淇淋棒。
常用于冰淇淋涂层的其它脂肪(例如椰子油、棕榈仁油和椰子油与较软的非月桂酸型植物油脂如部分氢化豆油的混合物)表现出介于中间的渗漏数目。
用挤压制冰淇淋棒进行感官分析。将0℃下的硬度和熔点的不同组合物与冰淇淋的商用巧克力涂层和甜点用巧克力比较。一组受训人员描述了风味和质地特性。软型PMF 0℃下的低硬度(即低固体脂肪含量和低熔点)最接近甜点巧克力的风味和质地。这意味着含有软型PMF的涂层在口中以类似于巧克力在室温下的融化方式融化。

Claims (15)

1.一种包含冰冻甜点馅心和食用脂肪基外部涂层的冰冻甜点,其中所述涂层的脂肪含有其量足以减少或者防止从冰冻甜点的制备到销售过程中馅心渗漏透过所述涂层的低熔点棕榈中间馏分。
2.根据权利要求1的冰冻甜点,其中所述冰冻甜点馅心是模制冰淇淋或者挤压制冰淇淋。
3.根据权利要求2的冰冻甜点,其中所述冰冻甜点为块状、圆顶状、棒状、小块状、夹心状或棍棒状。
4.根据权利要求1的冰冻甜点,其中所述食用脂肪基外部涂层基于软型棕榈中间馏分本身或者与其它脂肪的混合物,并且软型棕榈中间馏分占涂层中脂肪的至少约5重量%。
5.根据权利要求4的冰冻甜点,其中所述涂层中脂肪的余量由分馏得到的硬化棕榈油组成。
6.根据权利要求4的冰冻甜点,其中所述软型棕榈中间馏分的滑动熔点为22~30℃,碘值为40~52。
7.根据权利要求4的冰冻甜点,其中所述软型棕榈中间馏分具有如下所示以重量%计的固体脂肪含量,该含量是在没有任何调温或者温度预调节的情况下于所示温度通过脉冲NMR测定的:
                                                      
0                             75-85
10                            65-80
20                            45-60
25                            10-25
30                            0-5
35                            0
8.根据权利要求4的冰冻甜点,其中所述软型棕榈中间馏分占涂层中脂肪的至少97重量%和所述余量由氢化得到的硬化棕榈油组成。
9.根据权利要求4的冰冻甜点,其中所述涂层为黑巧克力、牛奶巧克力或白巧克力或者复合涂层或其替代物。
10.根据权利要求1的冰冻甜点,其中食用时,所述脂肪基涂层在与约0℃下的冰淇淋结合时在口中以类似于巧克力在室温下的融化方式融化。
11.一种用于减少或防止脂肪基冰淇淋涂层中的针孔或者减少或防止融化的冰淇淋从馅心渗漏透过涂覆冰淇淋制品的涂层的方法,其包括将脂肪基外部涂层施涂于冰冻甜点馅心上,其中所述涂层的脂肪含有软型棕榈中间馏分,其量足以减少或防止从冰冻甜点的制备到销售过程中出现针孔或者馅心渗漏透过该涂层。
12.根据权利要求11的方法,其中通过浸涂、喷涂或涂衣的方式将所述涂层施涂于冰冻甜点上。
13.根据权利要求11的方法,其中所述方法还包括预先冷却所述馅心,然后在25~45℃下将脂肪基涂层施涂于该馅心上。
14.根据权利要求11的方法,其中所述软型棕榈中间馏分的滑动熔点为22~30℃,碘值为40~52。
15.根据权利要求12的方法,其中所述软型棕榈中间馏分具有如下所示以重量%计的固体脂肪含量,该含量是在没有任何调温或者温度预调节的情况下于所示温度通过脉冲NMR测定的:
                                                   
0                            75-85
10                           65-80
20                           45-60
25                           10-25
30                           0-5
35                           0
CNB038057395A 2002-03-11 2003-02-03 涂覆冰冻甜点 Expired - Fee Related CN100482091C (zh)

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