CN1610507A - 含有包封的除斑剂成分的口香糖和糖食组合物,其制备和应用方法 - Google Patents
含有包封的除斑剂成分的口香糖和糖食组合物,其制备和应用方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1610507A CN1610507A CNA038018802A CN03801880A CN1610507A CN 1610507 A CN1610507 A CN 1610507A CN A038018802 A CNA038018802 A CN A038018802A CN 03801880 A CN03801880 A CN 03801880A CN 1610507 A CN1610507 A CN 1610507A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- chewing gum
- stain remover
- gum compositions
- spot
- composition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 235000015218 chewing gum Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 229940112822 chewing gum Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- -1 lactoyl fatty acid ester Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydroxypropan-2-yl formate Chemical compound OCC(CO)OC=O LDVVTQMJQSCDMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
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- 208000002064 Dental Plaque Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- KGUHOFWIXKIURA-VQXBOQCVSA-N [(2r,3s,4s,5r,6r)-6-[(2s,3s,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-3,4,5-trihydroxyoxan-2-yl]methyl dodecanoate Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC)O[C@@H]1O[C@@]1(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KGUHOFWIXKIURA-VQXBOQCVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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Abstract
一种呈口香糖组合物或糖食组合物形式的组合物，它包含选自阴离子型和非离子型表面活性剂的包封的除斑剂，以及制备和应用所述组合物从牙材料(包括牙齿)除斑的方法。
Description
相关申请
本申请是在先未决的美国申请系列No.09/947,876(2001年9月6日提出的)的部分继续申请，后者是2000年12月20日提出的在先未决的美国申请系列No.09/741,523(它要求享有2000年3月10日提出的临时专利申请系列No.60/188,554的利益)的部分继续申请。
发明领域
本发明总体上涉及口香糖和糖食组合物，它们包含有效量的选自阴离子型和非离子型表面活性剂的包封的除斑组分，并且涉及按促使除斑组分释放的方式制备所述组合物的方法。
发明背景
我们知道向洁牙成分(例如，牙膏、漱口液等)中添加牙齿增白或除斑的组分。这样的成分包括：磷酸二钙、过氧化物、过碳酸盐等，例如，美国专利No.5,256,402和5,824,291中公开的。
人们已知对洗衣组合物应用表面活性剂(包括非离子型表面活性剂)。这样的表面活性剂例如公开于国际公布No.WO 92/06160和WO95/33034中。已知在洗衣组合物中应用非离子型表面活性剂可改善这类组合物清除油脂斑/油性斑的效果。
美国专利No.5,645,821公开了一种清洁和增白牙齿的口腔卫生组合物，它包含水，胶凝剂，阴离子型表面活性剂以及碱土金属氢氧化物和碳酸盐的混合物。WO 88/00463公开了一种除去和/或预防噬斑和除去污斑的口服组合物，它包含油性相容性表面活性剂和至少一个重量百分数的苯甲酸盐。据说该组合物还包含杀生物剂(例如，氯己定或其衍生物)。一种列举的表面活性剂是十二烷基硫酸钠，还据说组合物包含增塑剂(包括聚乙二醇、甘油等)。上述文献阐述了该组合物可呈牙膏、锭剂或口香糖的形式应用。
其它口香糖组合物和其中公开的除斑活性成分包括WO99/43294(亚氯酸根离子)；WO 99/27798(包含碳酸氢钠和包封的阿斯巴甜的水溶性产品)；中国专利文献No.1196235(过氧化氢)；美国专利No.5,824,291(碱金属碳酸盐过氧水合物)；WO 98/29088(半胱氨酸蛋白酶)；WO 98/18339(骨矿物质，三磷酸钙和/或羟基磷灰石)；以及美国专利No.5,629,035(碱金属碳酸氢盐)。
美国专利No.4,952,407公开了一种胶姆糖组合物，它包含呈甘油单月桂酸酯形式的除牙噬斑剂。该组合物一般包含高填料含量，其中，该填料是无机物，例如，碳酸钙、滑石粉、碳酸氢钠、磷酸二钙及其混合物。
至于包被的口香糖组合物，已知在口香糖包衣中和任选地在芯内提供一种活性剂(例如，药物)，例如公开于WO 00/35296和WO 00/35298中。
本文中受让人的美国专利申请系列No.09/741,523(2000年12月20日提出的)涉及一种口香糖和糖食组合物，它包含阴离子型和/或非离子型表面活性剂(例如，硬脂酸钠)，它可能存在于芯、含有夹心产品的包衣中。
送递口香糖组合物的各组分的送递系统(包括包封体系)公开于美国专利Nos.4,569,852；4,695,463；4,981,698；5,004,595；5,266,335和5,679,389，以及国际公布Nos.WO 98/23165；WO 00/35295和WO00/35298中。含表面活性剂产品的包封体系公开于美国专利Nos.4,473,485；4,597,885和5,385,737中。
与牙膏、漱口液和其它洁牙组合物不同，胶姆糖组合物在送递作用剂时存在独特的问题。口香糖组合物通常包含水不溶性胶基料，它为胶姆糖组合物提供基体(bulk)，但它总是截留与胶基料相容的作用剂。添加附加量的作用剂是有问题的，因为附加量的作用剂可以对胶姆糖组合物完整性、感官和/或味觉性质有不利影响。
因此，如果能将这种除斑剂有效地掺入口香糖组合物并且在咀嚼过程中以提供有效量除斑剂的方式从中释放它，那么在提供用于清洁牙材料(包括牙齿)的除斑剂的技术中将是一个重大的进展。那么，该口香糖组合物不但可对用户提供咀嚼满足感，还可提供有益牙齿的效果。
糖食组合物是本领域熟知的。这样的组合物包括例如，硬糖、牛轧糖、挂糖衣食品、胶冻糖食、夹心糖食、方旦糖等。与在口中常常保持数分钟并且常常保持更长时间的口香糖组合物不同，糖食组合物往往会在口中短时间停留，因为它们在咀嚼时较迅速地溶解。不过，应当大为有益的是，给这样的糖食组合物提供有效量的除斑剂而使这类产品能提供有益牙齿的效果。
发明概述
本发明总体上涉及除斑口香糖组合物和糖食组合物，其中，有效地在其中掺入了除斑物质以致有足够的量可满足除斑效果。
在本发明一个特定方面，提供了一种选自口香糖组合物和糖食组合物的除斑组合物，它包含除斑有效量的至少一种选自阴离子型和非离子型表面活性剂的除斑剂，其中，除斑剂被包封而能使有效量的除斑剂从组合物中释放。
根据本发明一个方面，提供了一种包含芯和由至少一层组成的包衣的除斑口香糖组合物，其中芯和包衣中的至少一个包含除斑有效量的至少一种呈包封形式(例如，颗粒)的除斑剂，该除斑剂选自阴离子型和非离子型表面活性剂及其混合物。还公开了一种通过应用本发明的口香糖组合物除斑的方法。
本发明又一方面提供了一种除斑糖食组合物，它包含除斑有效量的至少一种呈包封形式(例如，颗粒)的除斑剂，该除斑剂选自阴离子型和非离子型表面活性剂及其混合物。还公开了一种通过应用本发明的糖食组合物除斑的方法。
在本发明一个优选的形式中，用于胶姆糖和糖食组合物两者中的表面活性剂选自下组物质：中链和长链脂肪酸酯和盐，最优选含14～20个碳原子，特别是硬脂酸钠和棕榈酸钠及其混合物，以及柠檬酸的甘油单酯和二酯的混合物。
在本发明又一个优选的形式中，所述活性除斑剂以例如描述于H.Menzi等的美国专利No.6,056,949(它的全文并入本文作参考)中的方式包封。包封不但对牙表面提供除斑剂增强的送递，而且往往会掩蔽除斑剂的味道，当应用较大量的除斑剂时这是一个突出的优点。
发明详述
从在先未决的美国申请系列No.09/741,523(2000年12月20日提出的)，本申请人确定了，有效的除斑口香糖和糖食组合物可这样制备，即，通过适当选择除斑剂与胶姆糖和糖食组合物的配方以及往组合物中添加除斑剂的方式，该方式能使除斑剂以有效量释放，于是，它可以与牙表面(包括牙齿表面)接触，同时保持通常与这类产品相关的感官性质。
本申请人已发现，将活性除斑剂包封实现了另外的益处，包括但不限于，减小除斑胶姆糖组合物的速率并且能使更多的除斑剂从组合物有效地释放而提供改善的除斑效果。
更具体地说，本发明中应用的除斑剂往往会溶解疏水性胶基料，这会不利地影响口香糖组合物的感官性质。该问题可通过增大口香糖组合物中应用的胶基料的量和/或添加填料(例如，atomite)来克服。虽然该方法在保持胶姆糖组合物的感官性质方面令人满意，但观察到胶基料制品更难加工。
本发明通过将除斑剂包封于不易溶解疏水性胶基料的亲水性物质中而克服了上述问题。因此，当咀嚼胶姆糖组合物时，容易从丸中释放包封的除斑剂而不溶解胶基料。在通过与唾液接触而溶解包封物质时，包封的产品(通常呈颗粒形式)被释放入口腔。于是，实现了用于从牙表面除斑的除斑剂的量的有效增大。
本发明的口香糖组合物可以包被或未包被，并且可呈块、条、丸、球等形式。不同形式的口香糖组合物的组成将是相似的，不过配料的比率可以变动。例如，包被的胶姆糖组合物可能包含更低百分比的软化剂。丸和球具有小的口香糖芯，然后用糖溶液或无糖溶液涂布芯而产生硬壳。块和条通常被配制成质地比口香糖芯更软。可能优选配制具有更坚固结构(即，包含的软化剂比通常应用的更少)的块或条形胶姆糖以便进一步减小活性表面活性剂溶解胶基料的能力。
夹心胶姆糖是另一种常规胶姆糖形式。胶料部分具有与上述相似的组成和生产方式。然而，夹心通常是水溶液或凝胶，在加工过程中将它注入胶料的中心。可以任选在夹心的生产过程中将除斑剂注入夹心或者注入口香糖。夹心胶姆糖还可任选被涂布并且可制备成各种形式(例如，呈棒糖形式)。
至于本发明的实施，优选应用包被的胶料，其中，除斑剂处于芯和包衣中的至少一个。就除斑而言，最优选的是包被的胶料，其中，除斑剂至少处于包衣中。
本发明的口香糖组合物包含胶基料和其它典型口香糖组合物的大部分组分，例如，甜味剂、软化剂、调味剂等。本发明中应用至少一种除斑剂，它选自阴离子型和非离子型表面活性剂，并且它如下文那样被包封。所述口香糖组合物可包含更少量的软化剂(例如，卵磷脂或甘油)或者可能不合软化剂。此外，所述口香糖组合物可能比常规口香糖组合物包含更大量的糖醇以促进用于本发明的除斑剂向牙齿表面的送递。
活性除斑剂被包封于亲水性包封原料中。这样的原料通常被用来生产调味剂或香料颗粒，并且通常具有约0.02～3.0mm的粒径，更常具有约0.1～1.5mm的直径。这样的原料实例包括：碳水化合物，包括淀粉、葡聚糖，糖，例如，蔗糖、葡萄糖、乳糖，以及糖醇，例如，麦芽糖醇和山梨糖醇，树胶，例如，阿拉伯树胶、角叉菜胶、刺槐豆胶、金合欢胶和黄蓍胶，纤维素原料，例如，羧甲基纤维素、羟甲基纤维素，蛋白质，小麦蛋白及其混合物等。
包封原料的量基于包封的活性除斑剂总重量一般将在约20～40重量％范围内，包封原料优选的量是约25～35重量％。应懂得，可应用更多或更少量的包封原料，这部分取决于胶姆糖组合物或糖食组合物的类别和应用什么样的除斑剂。此外，通常希望尽可能多地掺入除斑剂以便最大程度地发挥组合物的除斑潜力。
根据本发明口香糖组合物的一方面，在口香糖组合物的生产过程中添加包封的除斑剂，即，与甜味剂、调味剂等一起添加。在本发明一个优选的方面，作为最后步骤之一添加包封的除斑剂，优选在形成口香糖组合物的最后步骤添加以便保护包封的原料。所以，尽管只是松散地含于胶姆糖组合物中，包封的除斑剂在常规咀嚼过程中可以被更有效地释放。
不溶性胶基料通常包含弹性体、弹性体增塑剂、蜡、脂肪、油、乳化剂、填料、组织形成剂，还可包含下文描述的包封的除斑剂。
弹性体构成基料的约5～95重量％，优选是10～70重量％，而最优选是15～45重量％。弹性体的实例包括合成弹性体，例如聚异丁烯、聚丁烯、异丁烯-异戊二烯共聚物、苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物、聚醋酸乙烯等。弹性体还可包括天然弹性体，例如天然橡胶和天然树胶，例如节路顿胶、夹竹桃科产胶树胶(lechi caspi)、香豆树胶(perillo)、铁线子树胶(massaranduba)、巴拉塔树胶、糖胶树胶、古塔胶(gutta hang kang)或其混合物。其它弹性体是本领域普通技术人员已知的。
弹性体增塑剂用于胶基料时可改善成品口香糖坚固度。弹性体增塑剂通常以胶基料的约0～75重量％的量存在，优选约5～45重量％，而最优选约10～30重量％。弹性体增塑剂的实例包括天然松香酯，例如部分氢化松香的甘油酯、浮油松香的甘油酯、部分氢化松香的季戊四醇酯、松香的甲酯和部分氢化的甲酯等。合成弹性体增塑剂(例如，萜烯树脂)也可用于胶基料组合物中。
蜡包括合成蜡和天然蜡，例如，聚乙烯、蜂蜡、巴西棕榈蜡等。还可应用石油蜡(例如，石蜡)。蜡可存在的量是胶基料的约0～30重量％。蜡有助于产品胶的固化和帮助改善调味剂的释放并且可能延长产品的贮存期限。
填料改善胶基料的质地并有助于加工。这样的填料实例包括硅酸镁和硅酸铝、粘土、氧化铝、滑石粉、二氧化钛、纤维素聚合物等。填料通常以1～60重量％的量存在。
用于胶基料中的软化剂实例包括氢化的和部分氢化的植物油，可可脂，甘油单硬脂酸酯，甘油三乙酸酯，甘油二酯和三酯，脂肪酸，例如，硬脂酸、棕榈酸、油酸、亚油酸、亚麻酸等。
胶基料占口香糖组合物的5～95重量％，更优选10～50重量％，而最优选占口香糖的25～35重量％。更高的胶基料量是优选的。
用于口香糖组合物的其它配料包括甜味剂，既可以是天然的又可以是合成的，而且既可以是含糖的又可以是无糖的。甜味剂通常以约20～80重量％的量存在于口香糖组合物中，优选约30～60重量％。还可能存在无糖甜味剂，它包括但不限于糖醇，例如，山梨糖醇、甘露糖醇、木糖醇、氢化淀粉水解物、麦芽糖醇等。高强度甜味剂，例如，三氯半乳蔗糖(sucralose)、阿斯巴甜、双氧噁噻嗪盐等。高强度甜味剂通常以约0～1.0重量％的量存在。
可在约0.1～10.0重量％、优选约0.5～5.0重量％的量中选定可在宽范围内变动的调味剂。用于口香糖组合物中的调味剂是人们熟知的，包括柑橘油、薄荷油、留兰香油、冬青油、薄荷醇等。
可存在软化剂以改善口香糖组合物的质地。与常规口香糖组合物不同，用于本发明组合物的软化剂通常以基于口香糖总重量约0.5～10重量％的较小量存在。
可存在于本发明的胶姆糖组合物中的其它原料包括抗氧化剂(例如丁基化羟基苯甲醚、丁基化羟基甲苯、β-胡萝卜素、生育酚，着色剂，调味剂等。
包封的活性除斑剂可通过用于包封原料的任何已知方法制备，包括喷雾干燥、采用应用流化床的系统或团聚。
合适的包封原料包括但不限于，纤维素物质，例如，乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素和羧甲基纤维素等，糊精，麦芽糖糊精，葡聚糖，花黄素，改性淀粉，金合欢胶，聚葡萄糖，瓜耳胶，果胶，刺槐豆胶，角叉菜胶，阿拉伯胶，黄蓍胶，baraya，茄替胶(ghatto)，琼脂，藻酸盐，fucellar，欧车前(psyllium)，糖醇，例如山梨糖醇、甘露糖醇、麦芽糖醇、木糖醇等，蛋白质，例如，酪蛋白、明胶、卵白蛋白乳清等，及其混合物。
一种制备包封的除斑剂的优选方法与H.Menzi等在美国专利No.6,056,949中描述的相似。在这种方法中，将含有包封原料的溶液喷到芯(它可能包含全部或部分活性组分)上，然后用流化床-转子制粒机处理。
所述芯还可含有活性组分的载体，例如，淀粉、糖等常规载体物质。在流化床中对芯原料表面下方喷洒溶液，该溶液可能包含溶剂，例如，水或者水和乙醇的混合物。包封原料可能是基于糖的或无糖的。优选的包封原料选自甘露糖醇、麦芽糖醇、阿拉伯胶、羧甲基纤维素、卵蛋白质及其混合物。包封操作合适的温度是约30～80□C，优选是约40～70□C。
在制粒操作后可任选涂布形成的颗粒，例如，通过喷涂已知适合该目的的下列物质的溶液、乳液或熔体，例如，脂肪，改性纤维素，胶质植物或动物提取物，树胶(例如，阿拉伯胶)，淀粉(包括降解淀粉或化学改性的淀粉)，以及适当的合成原料，例如，聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、聚乙二醇等。
包封的除斑剂的粒径分布优选保持在窄范围内，这可通过结合下列效应来实现：a)包封原料的粒径，乳液的组成，乳液的喷洒速度，制粒机旋转基板的结构，基板的旋转速度，空气进入速度，空气温度，这些参数属于本领域技术人员的知识范围并且在美国专利No.6,056,949中列出了。例如，希望乳液的喷洒速度在约30～80g/min范围内。
关于本发明口香糖组合物的生产，对口香糖组合物涂包衣的涂布技术(例如，盘式涂布和喷涂)是人们熟知的。在本发明的实施中优选的是，用适合构成硬糖层的溶液涂布。糖和糖醇都可与高强度甜味剂、着色剂、调味剂和粘合剂一起用于该目的。如果在口香糖组合物的包衣中提供包封的除斑剂，该包封的除斑剂优选地、交替地与调味剂一起涂布，最优选该包封产品处于该包衣中央或其附近。
甜味剂可能以包衣糖浆重量约30％～约80％的量存在。粘合剂可能以包衣糖浆重量约1％～约15％的量存在。还可存在少量任选的添加剂。适用于所述包衣糖浆的甜味剂包括：无糖甜味剂，例如，多元醇，例如，木糖醇，山梨糖醇，甘露糖醇及其混合物；以及麦芽糖醇，异麦芽糖醇，氢化淀粉水解物，以及氢化葡萄糖浆。还可包括单糖、二糖和多糖。例如，诸如蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖、半乳糖和麦芽糖这样的糖也可用作甜味剂。适用于包衣糖浆的其它甜味剂包括但不限于：游离糖精酸、糖精的水溶性盐、环己基氨基磺酸盐、氢化异麦芽酮糖二氢查耳酮、甘草甜素、L-天冬氨酰-L-苯丙氨酸甲酯、基于氨基酸的甜味剂、索马甜、甜叶菊甙、二氢查耳酮化合物、双氧噁噻嗪盐及其混合物。
可以在包衣糖浆中添加少量其它组分，包括吸湿化合物、抗粘着化合物、分散剂和成膜剂。适用于包衣糖浆的吸湿化合物包括甘露糖醇和磷酸二钙。适用的抗粘着化合物(它们还可充当填料)的实例包括滑石粉、三硅酸镁和碳酸钙。这些配料的用量可以是所述糖浆重量的约0.5％～约5％。可用于包衣糖浆中的分散剂实例包括二氧化钛、滑石粉或其它上述抗粘着化合物。
通常将包衣糖浆加热，并且将它的一部分沉积在芯上。通常，包衣糖浆的一次沉积不足以提供所需的包衣量或厚度，一般有必要涂布第二次、第三次或多次包衣糖浆的涂层以便构成所需水平的包衣重量和厚度，使包衣层之间的各层干燥。
本发明的口香糖组合物一个优选方面是在包衣中添加包封的除斑剂。包封的除斑剂优选在涂布糖浆以后涂布。那么，优选在用包封的除斑剂涂布以前涂一层高强度甜味剂。包封的除斑剂的涂布优选与调味剂溶液的涂布交替进行。在本发明的实施中，包封的除斑剂可作为溶液涂布或作为干物料涂布。在涂布口香糖组合物时，连续涂布包衣糖浆直到平均胶姆糖片的重量达到所需涂布的重量，优选直到包衣占最终丸重量的20～30％。
本发明还包括糖食组合物，它们包含适当选定的除斑剂。糖食组合物包括压制的片，例如，薄荷糖、硬糖、牛轧糖、胶冻、夹心糖食、方旦糖、挂糖衣食品和属于公认的糖食组合物定义的其它组合物。
呈压制的片形式的糖食组合物(例如，薄荷糖)一般可通过将细过筛的糖或糖替代物、调味剂(例如，薄荷调味剂)、增量剂(例如，阿拉伯胶)和任选的着色剂混合而制备。先将调味剂和增量剂混合，然后逐渐添加糖或糖替代物与着色剂(如果需要的话)。
随后通过所要求的目数的筛(例如，12目)制粒，再在通常的55～60□C下干燥。将形成的粉末进料入装有大尺寸冲头的压片机，再将形成的丸破碎成颗粒，然后压制。
硬性糖果一般含有糖或糖替代物、葡萄糖、水、调味剂和任选的着色剂。将糖溶于水，随后添加葡萄糖。将混合物煮沸。将可能预先添加了着色剂的所得液体倾到涂了油的板上并冷却。接着添加调味剂，捏和入所述冷却的物料中。然后，将形成的混合物进料到本领域已知的水果糖轧糖机机组而形成最后的硬糖形状。
牛轧糖组合物通常包含两种主要的组分：硬性糖果和弗拉贝。例如，将卵白蛋白或其替代物和水混合并搅打而形成轻质泡沫。将蔗糖和葡萄糖加到水中，一般在约130～140□C下煮沸，将所得煮沸的产品倾入混合机，搅打直到变成奶油状。
将搅打过的白蛋白和调味剂与奶油状产品混合，随后将该混合物充分混合。
关于糖食组合物的制备进一步的细节可见于Skuse’s CompleteConfectioner(第13版)(1957)，包括pp.41～71，133～144和255～262；以及糖食生产(Sugar Confectionery Manufacture)(第2版)(1995)，E.B.Jackson编辑，pp.129～168，169～188，189～216，218～234和236～258，将它们各自并入本文作参考。
按本发明，将除斑有效量的阴离子型和/或非离子型表面活性剂用作口香糖组合物和糖食组合物的除斑剂，该除斑剂如前述那样被包封了。可用于本发明的除斑剂典型实例包括：硫酸化油酸丁酯，中链和长链脂肪酸酯及其盐(特别是硬脂酸和棕榈酸的钠盐和钾盐)，以及它们的甲酯和乙酯，油酸钠，富马酸盐，potassium glomate，有机酸的甘油单酯和二酯(例如，柠檬酸硬脂醇单甘油酯)，琥珀酰硬脂酸甘油酯，二辛基磺基琥珀酸钠，甘油三硬脂酸酯，卵磷脂，羟基化卵磷脂，十二烷基硫酸钠，乙酰化甘油单酯，琥珀酰化甘油单酯，柠檬酸甘油单酯，乙氧基化甘油单酯和二酯，脱水山梨糖醇单硬脂酸酯，硬脂酰-2-乳酸钙，硬脂酰乳酸钠，甘油和丙二醇(propylene glycerol)的乳酰化脂肪酸酯，C8～C24脂肪酸的甘油-乳酸酯(优选是C14～C20脂肪酸的甘油-乳酸酯)，C8～C24脂肪酸的聚甘油酯(优选是C14～C20脂肪酸的聚甘油酯)，丙二醇藻酸酯，蔗糖C8～C24脂肪酸酯(优选是蔗糖C14～C20脂肪酸酯)，二乙酰基酒石酸或柠檬酸或乳酸的甘油单酯和二酯，三乙酸甘油酯等，及其混合物。
优选的除斑剂实例选自硬脂酸钠和棕榈酸钠及其混合物，油酸钠，柠檬酸或乳酸的甘油单酯和甘油二酯的混合物，例如，硬脂酸甘油酯，月桂酸甘油酯及其混合物，蔗糖单硬脂酸酯，蔗糖二硬脂酸酯，蔗糖单月桂酸酯，蔗糖二月桂酸酯，单硬脂酸的聚甘油酯，单月桂酸的聚甘油酯及其混合物。
用于本发明的口香糖组合物的优选的表面活性剂是硬脂酸钠，通常以与棕榈酸钠的约50/50混合物形式获得，以及至少一种柠檬酸甘油单酯和/或甘油二酯的混合物。后一情况中的商品化除斑剂的一个合适的实例是Condea Vista公司出售的IMWITOR 370。又一种优选的表面活性剂是乳酸的甘油单酯和甘油二酯的混合物。
用于口香糖组合物的除斑剂的量基于口香糖组合物的总重量一般是约0.2～2.0％，而且占包封的产品重量约60～80％，优选65～75重量％。除斑剂优选的量是约0.4～1.2重量％。除斑剂的量将随下列因素而变，即，应用的具体单独除斑剂或除斑剂的组合，口香糖组合物其它组分的类别和它们各自的量。例如，硬脂酸钠优选的量是约0.5重量％，乳酸甘油单酯和甘油二酯的混合物优选的量是约0.6重量％，而柠檬酸甘油单酯和甘油二酯的混合物(IMWITOR 370)优选的量是约0.6～1重量％。
用于本发明糖食组合物的优选的除斑剂是硬脂酸钠、棕榈酸钠及其混合物。如关于口香糖组合物中所述，硬脂酸钠通常是作为与棕榈酸钠大致均匀分配的混合物获得的。
可用于本发明糖食组合物的除斑剂的量将在一定范围变动，它取决于例如，糖食组合物的类别和应用的具体单独除斑剂或除斑剂的组合。通常，对于一种特定的除斑剂来说，用于本发明糖食组合物的除斑剂的量将超过用于本发明口香糖组合物的除斑剂的量。
一般说来，用于糖食组合物的除斑剂将以基于糖食组合物的总重量为约0.2～20重量％的量存在。除斑剂优选的量是约3～17重量％。用于包封的产品中的除斑剂的量与上述关于胶姆糖组合物的相同(例如，一般是约60～80重量％)。本发明糖食组合物中除斑剂较大的量可能影响终产品的味道。然而，已经发现，当这样大量的除斑剂被包封时，就由此产生显著的味道掩蔽效果，这有效地消除了与除斑剂相关的味道或者至少将其减到最小。
实施例
提供如下实施例只是为了阐释而不是限制完全由说明书和权利要求书概括的本申请的范围。
实施例1.含有包封的除斑剂的胶姆糖产品的制备
A.块状胶姆糖
表1
| 配料 | 样品1 | 样品2 |
| 胶基料 | 29.0000 | 29.0000 |
| Atomite(填料) | 10.0000 | 10.0000 |
| 山梨糖醇 | 35.1920 | 35.1920 |
| 甘露糖醇 | 13.5000 | 13.5000 |
| 甘油 | 8.0000 | 8.0000 |
| 高强度甜味剂* | 1.1640 | 1.1640 |
| 调味剂 | 1.9900 | 1.9900 |
| 硬脂酸钠** | 1.0000 | --- |
| 增强粉末 | 0.1540 | 0.1540 |
| IMWITOR 370*** | --- | 1.0000 |
| 总计 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
*阿斯巴甜，Ace K混合物
**硬脂酸钠/棕榈酸钠@50/50，呈颗粒形式包封，它是75重量％硬脂酸钠
***IMWITOR 370，呈包封的颗粒形式，它是75重量％ IMWITOR 370
表1中确定的口香糖组合物样品1和2都是通过常规方法制备的。将胶基料加热到足以使基料软化(例如，约80□C)但不致于不利地影响基料的物理和化学成分。然后，将融化的胶基料和填料加到混合锅中。在搅拌下添加糖醇、甘油、调味剂、高强度甜味剂和除斑剂而获得均匀的混合物。
含有包封的除斑剂的产品是按照与美国专利No.6,056,949中描述的方法相似的方法制备的。在流化床转子-制粒机中，任选在载体物质(例如，淀粉)存在下，将含有包封原料(例如，甘露糖醇)的溶液喷到硬脂酸钠表面而形成包封的颗粒。
将包封的颗粒加到胶基料组合物中。随后从混合锅中排出混合物，通过常规技术滚轧和划线成所需的片状物尺寸。
B.包被的胶姆糖-包衣中含有包封的除斑剂
表2
| 配料 | 样品3 | 样品4 |
| 胶姆糖芯 | ||
| 胶基料 | 26.2500 | 26.2500 |
| Atomite(填料) | 3.7500 | 3.7500 |
| 山梨糖醇 | 33.3583 | 33.1917 |
| 甘露糖醇 | 7.5000 | 7.5000 |
| 调味剂 | 2.8075 | 2.8075 |
| 甘油 | 1.0000 | 1.0000 |
| 高强度甜味剂* | 0.7875 | 0.7875 |
| 包衣 | ||
| 麦芽糖醇(malititol) | 22.1228 | 21.6228 |
| Ace-K | 0.0350 | 0.0350 |
| 调味剂 | 0.3430 | 0.3430 |
| 阿拉伯胶 | 1.1678 | 1.1678 |
| 二氧化钛 | 0.1780 | 0.1780 |
| 小烛树蜡 | 0.0334 | 0.0334 |
| 硬脂酸钠** | 0.6667 | --- |
| IMWITOR 370*** | --- | 1.3333 |
| 油酸钠 | --- | --- |
| 总计 | 100.0000 | 100.0000 |
*阿斯巴甜，Ace K混合物
**将硬脂酸钠/棕榈酸钠@50/50包封呈颗粒形式，它是75重量％硬脂酸钠
***IMWITOR 370呈包封的颗粒形式，它是75重量％ IMWITOR 370
通过与本文A部分中相同的常规方法制备胶姆糖芯而形成样品3～4。将融化的胶基料和填料加到混合锅中并开始混合。在搅拌下按份添加糖醇、甘油、调味剂和高强度甜味剂混合物而获得均匀的混合物。随后从混合锅中排出混合物，通过常规技术加工成芯。
将上述芯放入包衣盘中，根据需要破碎成独立的碎片。将含有70重量％麦芽糖醇、二氧化钛、阿拉伯胶和水的无糖溶液加热到70℃～80℃。将该溶液喷到按层的胶料芯片表面并在喷涂之间使其干燥，同时继续转动包衣盘以保证胶料芯的光滑均匀涂布。
将包衣增加到最终丸重量的约8重量％。然后添加Ace K，再涂布另一层上述包被溶液，随后使它干燥。
按与本文A部分相同的方法制备表2中确定的包封的除斑剂。
高强度甜味剂层干燥后，呈交替层添加包封的除斑剂和调味剂直到所有各原料添加完毕，让每一层都在涂布下一层以前干燥。继续用包被溶液进行涂布操作直到包衣占最终丸重量的24重量％。
然后，用常规修饰溶液涂布该包衣直至达到25重量％的外壳重量。随后在抛光盘中用小烛树蜡按常规方法将这些丸抛光。
C.包被的胶姆糖-芯内含有包封的除斑剂
表3
| 配料 | 样品5 |
| 胶姆糖芯 | |
| 胶基料 | 26.2500 |
| Atomite(填料) | 3.7500 |
| 山梨糖醇 | 32.7743 |
| 甘露糖醇 | 7.5000 |
| 甘油 | 1.0000 |
| 调味剂 | 2.8075 |
| 高强度甜味剂* | 0.7875 |
| 硬脂酸钠** | 0.7507 |
| 包衣 | |
| 调味剂 | 0.3430 |
| Ace-K | 0.0350 |
| 麦芽糖醇 | 22.6228 |
| 阿拉伯胶 | 1.1678 |
| 二氧化钛 | 0.1780 |
| 小烛树蜡 | 0.0334 |
| 总计 | 100.0000 |
*阿斯巴甜，Ace K混合物
**将硬脂酸钠/棕榈酸钠@50/50呈包封的颗粒形式，它是75重量％硬脂酸钠。
通过与本文A部分中块状胶姆糖相同的常规方法制备胶姆糖芯，最后添加按A部分中那样制备的包封的除斑剂。随后从混合锅中排出混合物，通过常规技术加工成芯。
将上述芯放入包衣盘中并按本文部分B中那样涂布，不同的是，从该工艺中省去涂布含包封的除斑剂层，从而形成具有表3中所示成分的样品6。
E.块状胶姆糖
按与样品2相同的方式制备了样品6和7，不同的是，包封的硬脂酸钠的平均粒径小于0.59mm(样品6)和大于0.59mm(样品7)。
实施例2：胶姆糖产品的效率测试
B.咀嚼测试
试验I：将20个人分成4组，每一组各5人。各部分的每一组人分别咀嚼含有未包封的硬脂酸钠(作为对比)的胶姆糖块、样品1的口香糖组合物、样品6的口香糖组合物和样品7的口香糖组合物。
每人咀嚼上述4块胶姆糖达20分钟。收集最后的“胶团”，进行分析以测定咀嚼前(表4)和咀嚼后(表5)每块胶姆糖中存在的硬脂酸钠的量。
表4
| 样品a | 个体 | 硬脂酸钠(mg/片) | ||
| 棕榈酸盐 | 硬脂酸盐 | 总计b | ||
| 对比(未包封的硬脂酸钠) | 12345 | 6.016.016.176.046.13 | 3.983.984.003.974.05 | 9.999.9910.1710.0110.18平均10.07 |
| 样品7 | 12345 | 4.844.648.406.695.31 | 3.143.065.324.423.49 | 7.987.7013.7211.118.80平均9.86 |
| 样品6 | 12345 | 6.806.766.666.657.14 | 4.394.454.354.254.66 | 11.1911.2111.0110.9011.80平均11.22 |
| 样品1 | 12345 | 6.306.536.306.156.56 | 4.074.214.024.064.27 | 10.3710.7410.3210.2110.83平均10.49 |
a对每个样品进行了单独的分析
b总的硬脂酸钠是棕榈酸钠和硬脂酸钠的总量
如表4中所示，每一块测试的胶姆糖含有约10mg一般由约60％棕榈酸钠和40％硬脂酸钠构成的除斑剂。咀嚼后，测定了除斑剂的量，结果如表5中所示。
表5
| 样品 | 个体 | 硬脂酸钠(mg/片) | ||
| 棕榈酸盐 | 硬脂酸盐 | 总计a | ||
| 对比 | 12345 | 5.755.445.745.765.63 | 3.493.323.443.473.38 | 9.248.769.189.239.01平均9.08 |
| 样品7 | 12345 | 4.975.653.945.603.54 | 3.023.162.403.361.65 | 7.998.816.348.965.19平均7.46 |
| 样品6 | 12345 | 5.404.995.255.554.97 | 3.142.833.003.232.75 | 8.547.828.258.787.72平均8.22 |
| 样品1 | 12345 | 4.795.285.355.455.45 | 3.063.133.263.333.24 | 7.858.418.618.788.69平均8.47 |
a总的硬脂酸钠是棕榈酸钠和硬脂酸钠的总量。
测定了从块状胶姆糖释放的除斑剂的量，结果如表6中所示。
表6
| 样品 | 硬脂酸钠(mg/片) | 硬脂酸钠释放％ | |
| 未咀嚼的胶姆糖a | 咀嚼后的胶团b | ||
| 对比 | 10.07 | 9.08 | 10 |
| 样品7 | 9.86 | 7.46 | 24 |
| 样品6 | 11.22 | 8.22 | 27 |
| 样品1 | 10.49 | 8.47 | 19 |
a未咀嚼的胶姆糖中硬脂酸钠的量基于分析5块未咀嚼的胶姆糖获得的平均值。
b咀嚼后的胶团中硬脂酸钠的量基于分析5块咀嚼过的胶团获得的平均值。
如表6中所示，含有包封的除斑剂的本发明胶姆糖组合物释放19～27％的除斑剂。这代表了比含有未包封形式的相同除斑剂的胶姆糖组合物好90～170％的释放。当包封的原料平均粒径不大于约0.5mm时获得了特别好的结果。
实施例3：压制的透明薄荷糖产品的制备
样品8
按下列方法制备了2000克用来形成本发明的压制透明薄荷糖产品的组合物批料。
在掺合机中将山梨糖醇97.5重量％、0.5重量％二氧化硅、0.3重量％调味剂和0.7重量％阿斯巴甜混合2分钟直到获得均匀的混合物。将根据实施例1制备的包封的硬脂酸钠1.0重量％加到该混合物中，然后掺合4分钟。随后，按常规方法将形成的混合物加工成独立的压制片。
样品9
重复了样品8中所述的操作，不同的是，包封的硬脂酸钠的量从1.0％增大到10.0％，相应地减少山梨糖醇的量。
样品10和对比样
重复了样品8的操作，形成包含表8中所示配料的压制片组合物而形成样品10。
表8
| 配料 | 样品11 | 对比样 |
| 山梨糖醇粉末阿斯巴甜双氧噁噻嗪钾盐调味剂硬脂酸钠 | 84.62200.10000.05000.228015.0000 | 99.62200.10000.05000.2280---- |
Claims (15)
1.一种除斑口香糖组合物，包含芯和任选的具有至少一层的包衣，所述芯和包衣中的至少一个包含除斑有效量的至少一种包封的除斑剂，该除斑剂选自阴离子型和非离子型表面活性剂，所述包封的除斑剂以能使有效量的除斑剂从组合物中释放的方式存在。
2.权利要求1的除斑口香糖组合物，其中，所述包封的除斑剂包含一个含有除斑剂的芯和不容易溶解胶基料的载体物质。
3.权利要求2的除斑口香糖组合物，其中，所述包封的除斑剂中除斑剂的存在量是约60～80重量％。
4.权利要求1的除斑口香糖组合物，其中，所述除斑剂选自下组物质：硫酸化油酸丁酯，中链和长链脂肪酸酯及其盐，油酸钠，富马酸盐，potassium glomate，有机酸的甘油单酯和二酯，琥珀酰硬脂酸甘油酯，二辛基磺基琥珀酸钠，甘油三硬脂酸酯，卵磷脂，羟基化卵磷脂，十二烷基硫酸钠，乙酰化甘油单酯，琥珀酰化甘油单酯，柠檬酸甘油单酯，乙氧基化甘油单酯和二酯，脱水山梨糖醇单硬脂酸酯，硬脂酰-2-乳酸钙，硬脂酰乳酸钠，甘油和丙二醇的乳酰化脂肪酸酯，C8～C24脂肪酸的甘油乳酸酯，C8～C24脂肪酸的聚甘油酯，丙二醇藻酸酯，蔗糖C8～C24脂肪酸酯，二乙酰基酒石酸或柠檬酸或乳酸的甘油单酯和二酯，以及三乙酸甘油酯及其混合物。
5.权利要求1的除斑口香糖组合物，其中，所述除斑剂选自下组物质：硬脂酸钠和棕榈酸钠及其混合物，油酸钠，柠檬酸或乳酸的甘油单酯和甘油二酯的混合物，硬脂酸甘油酯，月桂酸甘油酯，及其混合物，蔗糖单硬脂酸酯，蔗糖二硬脂酸酯，蔗糖单月桂酸酯，蔗糖二月桂酸酯，单硬脂酸聚甘油酯，以及单月桂酸聚甘油酯及其混合物。
6.权利要求1的除斑口香糖组合物，其中，所述口香糖组合物呈块状或条状，所述口香糖组合物具有减小量的软化剂。
7.权利要求1的除斑口香糖组合物，其中，所述口香糖组合物是具有一个夹心和一个胶料部分的夹心口香糖组合物，所述包封的除斑剂存在于夹心、胶料部分或二者中。
8.权利要求1的除斑口香糖组合物，呈包被的口香糖组合物形式，其中，所述包封的除斑剂存在于包衣、芯或者包衣和芯二者中。
9.权利要求1的除斑口香糖组合物，其中，除斑剂的量基于口香糖组合物总重量是约0.2～2.0重量％。
10.权利要求9的除斑口香糖组合物，其中，所述除斑剂是硬脂酸钠和棕榈酸钠的50/50混合物，而且除斑剂的量基于口香糖组合物总重量是约0.5重量％。
11.权利要求9的除斑口香糖组合物，其中，所述除斑剂是有机酸甘油单酯和甘油二酯的混合物，而且除斑剂的量基于口香糖组合物总重量是约0.6～1.0重量％。
12.一种除去牙斑的方法，它包括，咀嚼有效量的权利要求1的包封的除斑口香糖组合物。
13.一种生产权利要求1的除斑口香糖组合物的方法，它包括，在形成所述口香糖组合物的最后步骤之一中添加包封的除斑剂而使除斑剂能够松散地含于口香糖组合物中，于是在咀嚼时除斑剂可以被有效地释放。
14.一种除斑糖食组合物，它包含除斑有效量的至少一种包封的除斑剂，该除斑剂选自阴离子型和非离子型表面活性剂，所述包封的除斑剂以能使有效量的除斑剂从组合物中释放的方式存在。
15.权利要求14的除斑糖食口香糖组合物，其中，所述除斑剂选自下组物质：硫酸化油酸丁酯，中链和长链脂肪酸酯及其盐，油酸钠，富马酸盐，potassium glomate，有机酸的甘油单酯和二酯，琥珀酰硬脂酸甘油酯，二辛基磺基琥珀酸钠，甘油三硬脂酸酯，卵磷脂，羟基化卵磷脂，十二烷基硫酸钠，乙酰化甘油单酯，琥珀酰化甘油单酯，柠檬酸甘油单酯，乙氧基化甘油单酯和二酯，脱水山梨糖醇单硬脂酸酯，硬脂酰-2-乳酸钙，硬脂酰乳酸钠，甘油和丙二醇的乳酰化脂肪酸酯，C8～C24脂肪酸的甘油乳酸酯，C8～C24脂肪酸的聚甘油酯，丙二醇藻酸酯，蔗糖C8～C24脂肪酸酯，二乙酰基酒石酸或柠檬酸或乳酸的甘油单酯和二酯，以及三乙酸甘油酯及其混合物。
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-
2002
- 2002-01-28 US US10/058,448 patent/US6479071B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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2003
- 2003-01-09 GT GT200300002A patent/GT200300002A/es unknown
- 2003-01-16 BR BRPI0307187A patent/BRPI0307187B8/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-01-16 DE DE60332521T patent/DE60332521D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-16 JP JP2003563315A patent/JP4299674B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-01-16 WO PCT/IB2003/000096 patent/WO2003063604A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-01-16 RU RU2004126232/13A patent/RU2313950C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-01-16 ES ES03700066T patent/ES2345816T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-16 CA CA2471284A patent/CA2471284C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-01-16 MX MXPA04007273A patent/MXPA04007273A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2003-01-16 AU AU2003239458A patent/AU2003239458B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2003-01-16 CN CNB038018802A patent/CN100556301C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-01-16 AT AT03700066T patent/ATE467357T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-01-16 EP EP03700066A patent/EP1469739B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-01-23 PE PE2003000072A patent/PE20030733A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-01-24 UY UY27622A patent/UY27622A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-01-24 AR ARP030100210A patent/AR038221A1/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2003-01-27 TW TW092101691A patent/TW200403970A/zh unknown
- 2003-01-27 DO DO2003P000568A patent/DOP2003000568A/es unknown
- 2003-01-28 PA PA20038564101A patent/PA8564101A1/es unknown
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2004
- 2004-07-27 CO CO04072009A patent/CO5600989A2/es not_active Application Discontinuation
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| PE20030733A1 (es) | 2003-08-29 |
| CA2471284C (en) | 2011-09-27 |
| CA2471284A1 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
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| AR038221A1 (es) | 2005-01-05 |
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| AU2008203512B2 (en) | 2009-07-23 |
| EP1469739A1 (en) | 2004-10-27 |
| BR0307187B1 (pt) | 2014-02-04 |
| ATE467357T1 (de) | 2010-05-15 |
| CN100556301C (zh) | 2009-11-04 |
| MXPA04007273A (es) | 2005-03-31 |
| ES2345816T3 (es) | 2010-10-04 |
| US20020098157A1 (en) | 2002-07-25 |
| BR0307187A (pt) | 2004-11-03 |
| RU2313950C2 (ru) | 2008-01-10 |
| JP4299674B2 (ja) | 2009-07-22 |
| BRPI0307187B8 (pt) | 2016-05-10 |
| JP2005515768A (ja) | 2005-06-02 |
| CO5600989A2 (es) | 2006-01-31 |
| AU2008203512A1 (en) | 2008-08-28 |
| EP1469739B1 (en) | 2010-05-12 |
| WO2003063604A1 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
| DE60332521D1 (de) | 2010-06-24 |
| PA8564101A1 (es) | 2003-09-05 |
| US6479071B2 (en) | 2002-11-12 |
| GT200300002A (es) | 2003-10-03 |
| UY27622A1 (es) | 2003-08-29 |
| DOP2003000568A (es) | 2003-08-15 |
| RU2004126232A (ru) | 2005-04-20 |
| TW200403970A (en) | 2004-03-16 |
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