CN1602419A - 车轮马达系统 - Google Patents

车轮马达系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1602419A
CN1602419A CNA028244664A CN02824466A CN1602419A CN 1602419 A CN1602419 A CN 1602419A CN A028244664 A CNA028244664 A CN A028244664A CN 02824466 A CN02824466 A CN 02824466A CN 1602419 A CN1602419 A CN 1602419A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
wheel
motor
motor case
rotor
operably connected
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CNA028244664A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
G·M·克莱波尔
B·E·泽姆克
C·S·吴
D·L·维克哈姆
M·斯塔基奇
C·J·卡拉斯
J·M·纳加施马
K·M·拉曼
T.G.瓦德
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Motors Liquidation Co
Original Assignee
Motors Liquidation Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Motors Liquidation Co filed Critical Motors Liquidation Co
Publication of CN1602419A publication Critical patent/CN1602419A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Propulsion Units For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

根据本发明的适于电力牵引的轻型车辆底盘(3)所用的车轮马达牵引组件(2)包括可转动的车轮(4)。轻型车辆包括消费者通常购买和使用的任何客车或者卡车。适于电力牵引的轻型车辆可以包括带有电池电源、燃料电池、或者燃料电池、电池电源或内燃机的混合式结构的车辆。轮胎(6)连接在车轮(4)上。车轮(4)具有径向外侧轮胎支承部分(8)和径向内侧轮毂支承部分(10)。径向外侧轮胎支承部分(8)和径向内侧轮毂支承部分(10)配合构制成限定了车轮空腔(12),该车轮空腔相对于车辆底盘(3)轴向向内开口并且具有车轮内周边(14)和车轮外周边(16)。车轮具有内侧(11)。

Description

车轮马达系统
相关申请的交叉参考
本申请对2001年12月7日提交的美国临时专利申请60/337,994的权益提出要求,其全部内容在此引入作为参考。
技术领域
本发明涉及一种适于电力牵引的轻型车辆上所用的车轮马达牵引组件,该车轮马达牵引组件被封装以便配装在轻型车辆的车轮空腔中,并且具有用于车辆底盘部件的安装结构,其集成了车辆的制动、悬架和转向功能。
背景技术
车轮马达在车辆上的应用保证了精确控制单独输入和输出每个车轮的电力,这可以产生增大的牵引控制、改进的可驱动性、操纵性和制动性。可能需要将车轮马达用于适于电力牵引的车辆中,例如带有电池电源、燃料电池、或者燃料电池、电池电源或内燃机的混合式结构的车辆。通过使用车轮马达实现的轮胎滑动损失的降低可以产生改进的燃油经济性。因为可以想到不再需要带有齿轮减速装置、驱动轴、马达安装件和差速器的车载马达,所以使用车轮马达可以产生改进的车辆封装。将车轮马达设计有足够的连续和峰值功率以便驱动轻型车辆,同时将尺寸、重量和总的非悬挂质量(即,从车辆悬架系统轴向向外或者位于轮胎和车轮一侧上的质量)减到最小,这些方案已被证明是目前的挑战。标准轻型车轮的空间限制、承受车辆底盘载荷的必要强度以及与车辆底盘部件的可充分连接性是进一步的设计考虑因素。
发明内容
用于轻型车辆底盘上的车轮马达牵引组件包括车轮和电动马达,该电动马达可操作地连接在车轮空腔中以便驱动地转动车轮并且具有不可转动的马达外壳。该马达外壳构制成基本上封住向内开口的车轮空腔的内端。不可转动的马达外壳还包括电连接器和结构连接器,该电连接器和结构连接器都适于将车轮马达牵引组件连接到底盘上。可操作地连接到马达外壳上的悬架系统结构连接器和转向系统结构连接器构制成将车轮马达牵引组件分别连接到车辆底盘上的悬架系统和车辆底盘上的转向系统上。当马达外壳通过悬架系统结构连接器和转向系统结构连接器将车轮与底盘结构互连时,该马达外壳构制成承受车辆底盘的载荷。
车轮马达牵引组件包括可转动的车轮,该车轮具有径向外侧轮胎支承部分和径向内侧轮毂支承部分,这两个部分配合构制成限定了车轮空腔。该车轮空腔相对于车辆底盘轴向向内开口并且具有车轮内周边和车轮外周边。车轮可拆卸地连接到轮毂上以便使得车轮可与轮毂一起转动。车轮马达牵引组件还包括转子,该转子在车轮内周边和车轮外周边之间位于车轮空腔中。转子可操作地连接到轮毂支承部分上以便驱动地转动车轮。不可转动的定子在车轮内周边和车轮外周边之间位于车轮空腔中以便驱动地转动转子。转子和定子一起组成马达。
可转动的制动盘可操作地连接到车轮和转子上,并且位于车轮空腔中的制动卡钳可松脱地连接到马达外壳上,制动卡钳适于选择性地将力施加在制动盘上。该制动盘机械连接到轮毂上。在一个实施例中,制动卡钳与底盘上的液压制动管线可操作地连接和响应,并且构制成响应于该液压管线上的液压力将力施加在制动盘上。本发明包括马达,其包括转子和定子。在一个实施例中,马达构制成进行再生制动。本发明的一个实施例还包括位于车轮空腔中的机械驻车制动卡钳,该机械驻车制动卡钳可松脱地连接到马达外壳且可操作地连接到底盘上的驻车制动缆索上。
车轮马达牵引组件还包括轮毂配件,其包括螺柱轴,也被称为轴;轮毂,该轮毂刚性连接到螺柱轴上并且可拆卸地连接到转子和车轮上,使得轮毂和螺柱轴与转子和车轮一起转动;可操作地连接到螺柱轴上的轴外壳和轴承,其中车轮和转子绕着轴承转动。定子和轴外壳可操作地连接并且相对于马达外壳静止不动。螺柱轴、转子和轮毂可以相对于马达外壳转动,使得轴承用作转子和车轮的轴承,并且马达、轮毂配件和马达外壳基本上配装在车轮内周边和车轮外周边中。轮毂配件还可包括速度传感器和位置传感器,该速度传感器和位置传感器位于车轮空腔中且可操作地连接到轮毂上。
车轮马达牵引组件包括密封的电力电缆配装件,该电力电缆配装件可操作地连接到定子和马达外壳上并且适于将定子连接到底盘上的电力电缆上。
车轮马达牵引组件包括车轮马达。该车轮马达是一种紧凑的盘形轴向通量马达(flux motor),其用于装配在车轮空腔中。该车轮马达包括不可转动的马达外壳,其中该马达外壳构制成充分扩展以封闭车轮空腔的盘。马达外壳是充分结构化的以便至少部分地支承车辆底盘。在马达外壳的一侧上,车轮马达包括悬架系统结构连接器,也被称为车辆悬架控制臂拾取部分,在马达外壳的另一侧上,包括制动卡钳。马达定子可操作地连接到马达外壳上。车轮马达包括可转动的轮毂和轴,其中轮毂和轴由马达外壳可转动地支承并且适于安装车轮。车轮马达包括制动盘和马达转子,其中该制动盘和马达转子连接到轮毂和轴上以便与它们一起转动。制动盘可操作地连接到制动卡钳上,并且马达转子可操作地连接到定子上。车轮马达还包括传感器连接端口和下悬架控制臂球窝接头,也被称为下悬架系统结构连接器,这两者作为悬架控制臂拾取部分位于马达外壳的同一侧上。
通过阅读以下对实现本发明的最佳模式的详细描述并结合参阅附图,本发明所属领域的普通技术人员将会清楚了解本发明的上述目的、特征与优点以及其它的目的、特征与优点。
附图说明
图1是整个车轮马达牵引组件的一个实施例的示意性垂直截面图;
图2是图1中的车轮马达的示意性垂直截面图;
图3是图1中的车轮马达和盘式制动配件的示意性分解透视图;
图4a和4b分别表示了用于图2的车轮马达中的轮毂、轴承、传感器和密封配件的示意性侧视图和示意性透视图;
图5a、5b和5c分别表示了图1中所示的车轮马达和盘式制动配件的整体组件的轴向后(内)视图、轴向前(外)视图和示意性透视图;
图6是用于图1的车轮马达牵引组件的再生制动系统的示意图;
图7a和7b分别是用于图1的车轮马达牵引组件的驻车制动器的示意性前视图和示意性侧视图;以及
图8a和8b是连接有车辆的上、下悬架控制臂的图1的车轮马达牵引组件的示意性前视透视图和示意性后视透视图。
具体实施方式
车轮马达牵引组件
参见图1,根据本发明的适于电力牵引的轻型车辆底盘3所用的车轮马达牵引组件2包括可转动车轮4。轻型车辆包括消费者通常购买和使用的任何客车或者卡车。适于电力牵引的轻型车辆可以包括带有电池电源、燃料电池、或者燃料电池、电池电源或内燃机的混合式结构的车辆。在图1中,所示的轮胎6连接在车轮4上。车轮4具有径向外侧轮胎支承部分8和径向内侧轮毂支承部分10。径向外侧轮胎支承部分8和径向内侧轮毂支承部分10配合构制成限定了车轮空腔12,该车轮空腔12相对于车辆底盘3轴向向内开口并且具有车轮内周边14和车轮外周边16。车轮具有内侧11。
图1中所示的车轮马达牵引组件2的实施例还包括图2中所示的车轮马达,其具有在车轮内、外周边14、16之间位于车轮空腔12中的转子18。转子18可拆卸地连接到轮毂支承部分10上以便驱动地转动车轮4。转子18和轮毂支承部分10的可拆卸连接能力在图1中由图3所示的螺柱紧固件58、60、62、64表示。车轮4的可拆卸能力允许容易地操作车轮马达牵引组件2以便进行任何所需的维护和修理。本领域普通技术人员应该认识到用于连接转子18和轮毂支承部分10的其他装置。所示的不可转动的定子22,也称为马达定子,在车轮内、外周边14、16之间位于车轮空腔12中。马达21包括转子18和定子22。所示的带有轴向外部23和轴向内部24的不可转动的马达外壳19构制成基本上封住向内开口的车轮空腔12的内端13。马达外壳的轴向内部24也称为马达外壳的一侧,而马达外壳的轴向外部23也称为马达外壳另一侧。电连接器15将定子22连接到所示的刚性连接到马达外壳19上的密封的电力电缆配装件86。从底盘向定子的连接在图1中表示为从底盘的定子连接142。
图1中所示的不可转动的马达外壳19还包括适于面对底盘的外表面25,其上安装着构制成将车轮马达牵引组件2连接到底盘3上的悬架系统的上悬架系统结构连接器26和下悬架系统结构连接器27,以及构制成将车轮马达牵引组件2连接到底盘3上的转向系统的转向系统结构连接器28。上悬架系统结构连接器26也被称为车辆悬架控制臂拾取部分。下悬架控制臂27也被称为下悬架控制臂球窝接头。马达外壳19具有足够的强度,以便在通过悬架系统结构连接器26、27和转向系统结构连接器28连接到车辆底盘悬架系统和转向系统上时承受车辆底盘载荷。从底盘向转向系统结构连接器28的连接在图1中表示为从底盘的转向连接142。从底盘向上悬架系统结构连接器26和下悬架系统结构连接器27的连接分别表示为从底盘的上、下悬架连接146、148。马达21在车轮空腔12中的有效封装设计降低了车轮马达牵引组件2的总重量,从而减小了作用在车辆底盘3上的总的非悬挂质量(即,从车辆悬架系统轴向向外定心的质量)。作为车辆底盘转向系统和车辆底盘悬架系统的连接位置的马达外壳19的组合功能保证了进一步的尺寸经济性并且将非悬挂质量减到最小。
图1中所示的车轮马达牵引组件2包括轮毂组件30。轮毂组件30包括轮毂32。车轮4可松脱地连接到轮毂32上。在图1中,可松脱的连接是通过螺柱和螺母组20实现的。当这样连接时,车轮4可以与轮毂32一起转动。
图1表示了可操作地连接到车轮4和转子18上并且与轮毂32机械连接的制动盘34。制动盘34可以与轮毂32一起转动。图1还表示了制动卡钳36,该制动卡钳安装在马达外壳的轴向外部23的外表面25上且相对其固定,并且可操作地连接到制动盘34上。制动盘34和制动卡钳36一起称为制动配件33。从底盘向制动卡钳36的连接在图1中表示为从底盘的制动连接140。
车轮马达
参见图2,其中相同的参考标记是指与图1中相同的部件,图1的车轮马达牵引组件2包括具有转子18的车轮马达37,该转子18的结构形成轴向外侧转子环形盘38和轴向内侧转子环形盘40。转子环形盘38、40还被称为马达转子盘。轴向外侧转子环形盘38和轴向内侧转子环形盘40各自具有内半径46和外半径48之间的轴向表面42、44。转子18还包括刚性连接到轴向内侧转子环形盘40并且刚性连接到轴向外侧转子环形盘42的转子盘单元50,使得转子空腔52形成在转子环形盘38、40的轴向表面42、44之间。定子22位于转子空腔52中。定子22具有径向外表面54。
车轮马达37是一种紧凑的盘形轴向通量马达,用于装配在图1的车轮空腔中。车轮马达37包括不可转动的马达外壳19,其中马达外壳19构制成充分扩展以封闭图1的车轮空腔12的盘。马达外壳19是充分结构化的以便至少部分地支承图1的车辆底盘3。在也称为马达外壳的一侧的马达外壳的轴向内部24上,车轮马达37包括图1中所示的上悬架系统结构连接器26,其也被称为车辆悬架控制臂拾取部分。在也称为马达外壳的另一侧的马达外壳的轴向外侧23上,车轮马达37包括图1中所示的制动卡钳36。马达定子22可操作地连接到马达外壳19上。车轮马达37包括可转动的轮毂32和螺柱轴88,也称为轴,两者都在图1中示出,其中轮毂32和螺柱轴88由马达外壳19可转动地支承并且适于安装图1的车轮4。车轮马达37包括图1中所示的制动盘34,以及连接到轮毂32和轴88上以便与其一起转动的马达转子18,该轮毂32和轴88都在图1中示出。如图1中所示,制动盘34可操作地连接到制动卡钳36上并且马达转子18可操作地连接到定子22上。车轮马达37还包括图1中所示的传感器连接端口80,以及图1中所示的下悬架控制臂球窝接头,其也被称为下悬架系统结构连接器27,该传感器连接端口80和下悬架控制臂球窝接头都位于马达外壳的轴向内部24上,该轴向内部也被称为马达外壳的一侧,它是上面定位有上悬架系统结构连接器26,即悬架控制臂拾取部分的马达外壳的同一侧。
在图2中所示的车轮马达中,液体冷却环56刚性连接到定子22的径向外表面54上以便冷却定子22和转子18。本发明设想到了用于冷却定子22和转子18的其他机构。本领域普通技术人员将会认识到用于从定子22和转子18散热的各种装置。液体冷却环56与马达外壳23、24机械连接并且相对于马达外壳23、24静止不动。本发明设想到了使用可操作地连接到马达上的温度传感器以便检测马达温度并且将关于温度的反馈提供给图1中所示的车辆底盘3上的冷却控制系统。
车轮马达和盘式制动配件
图3以分解视图示出了车轮马达37和盘式制动配件33的部分,其中相同的参考标记是指与图1、2中相同的部件。从左向右,示出了轮毂螺栓58、60、62、64、66,用于将轮毂32连接到转子18的转子盘单元50的部分上。螺栓58、60、62、64、66的右侧是制动盘34。所示的制动卡钳36可操作地连接到制动盘34上。制动卡钳36安装在正好显示于制动盘34的右侧的马达外壳的轴向外部23上。接下来,液体冷却环56可操作地连接到马达外壳23、24上。液体冷却环56可操作地连接到进一步在右侧示出的定子22的径向外表面上。接下来,轴向外侧转子环形盘38具有位于内半径46和外半径48之间的轴向表面42。轴向内侧转子环形盘40进一步表示在右侧。更靠右侧,一组磁体70围绕着轴向外侧转子环形盘38的整个周边定位。到达定子22的电输入产生了围绕磁体70的力场,这就导致了转子环形盘40、42和转子盘单元50转动。更靠右侧,更多的磁体72围绕着轴向内侧转子环形盘40的周边定位。在分解视图的中部,是轮毂32和轴外壳74。更靠右侧的是马达外壳的轴向内部24。马达外壳的轴向外部23和马达外壳的轴向内部24设计成在图1中所示的车轮空腔中连接、封闭住液体冷却环56、轮毂32、转子18和定子22以及磁体70、72。更靠右侧,示出了液体冷却配装件76、78。液体冷却配装件76、78安装在马达外壳的外表面25上。所示的传感器连接端口80位于液体冷却配装件76、78的右侧。在右侧远处,示出了密封的电力电缆配装件82、84、86。
轮毂、轴承、传感器和密封配件
参见图4a,其中相同的参考标记是指与图1-3中相同的部件,本发明包括轮毂配件30。轮毂配件30包括刚性固定到螺柱轴88上的轮毂32,该螺柱轴88也被称为轴。轴外壳74位于也被称为轴的螺柱轴88的周围。轴外壳74包括马达外壳安装件90以便将轴外壳74可操作地连接到图1中所示的马达外壳的轴向内部24上。如图1中所示,可转动的轮毂32和螺柱轴88由马达外壳19可转动地支承并且适于安装车轮4。密封空腔92形成在螺柱轴88和轴外壳74之间。轴承94位于密封空腔92中并且可操作地连接到螺柱轴88上。轴承94也用作图1中所示的车轮4的轴承,从而不需要单独的车轮轴承并且将空间效率最大化。轮毂传感器96位于轴外壳74中并且可操作地连接到轮毂32上,使得轮毂传感器96能够测量轮毂32的转速以及相对于轴外壳74的位置的轮毂32的位置,因此其既是速度传感器又是位置传感器。在这个实施例中既用作速度传感器连接端口又用作位置传感器连接端口的连接端口98可操作地连接到轮毂传感器96上。可以是速度传感器连接线或者位置传感器连接线的轮毂传感器连接线100在一端可操作地连接到轮毂传感器96上,在另一端可操作地连接到连接端口98上。因此,传感器信号可以从轮毂传感器96转接至轮毂传感器连接端口98。轮毂传感器连接端口98能够传送由轮毂传感器96发射的传感器信号。本领域普通技术人员将会认识到用于检测轴的速度和位置的各种机构和设计。图4b表示了轮毂配件30的示意性侧视透视图。本发明还设想了其他的传感器,例如可操作地连接到定子上的温度传感器。
整体组件
在本发明的实施例中,如图5a中所示,其中相同的参考标记是指与图1-4中相同的部件,示出了带有制动配件33的车轮马达37的轴向内侧视图。该轴向内侧视图表示了马达外壳的轴向内部24,带有安装在马达外壳的外表面25上的上、下悬架系统结构连接器26、27,液体冷却配装件76、78以及转向系统结构连接器28。图5b示出了图5a中所示的车轮马达37的轴向外侧视图,其中相同的参考标记是指与图1-5a中相同的部件,带有机械连接到轮毂32上的制动盘34。在这个实施例中,机械连接是通过制动盘34来实现的,该制动盘的结构形成了与图5a中所示的轮毂32的几何形状互补的在图3中部分可见的空腔。制动卡钳36机械安装在马达外壳的轴向外部23上的马达外壳的外表面25上,并且定位成可操作地连接到制动盘34。
图5a的车轮马达37和制动配件33的透视图表示在图5c中。本发明的这个实施例包括马达外壳19上的液压管线通过结构102,适于允许图1中所示的底盘3上的液压管线通过马达外壳的轴向内、外部分23、24,到达制动卡钳36。本发明也包括其他的非液压式的制动器。本领域普通技术人员将会认识到适用于轻型车辆的车轮上的各种制动机构。
再生制动系统
参见图6,其中相同的参考标记是指与图1-5c中相同的部件,示出了用于本发明的一个实施例中的再生制动系统的示意图。该示意图表示了位于车辆(未示出)上的制动变换器104。机械输入力106,例如制动踏板上的力或者手刹制动控制器上的力,施加在制动变换器104上。制动变换器104可操作地连接到制动控制单元108上,该制动控制单元108在一个实施例中位于车辆上。制动变换器104将机械输入力106转换成制动控制单元输入信号110。制动控制单元输入信号110被转接至制动控制单元108。制动控制单元108可操作地连接到马达21、制动致动器114和传感器116上。传感器将车辆信息例如车速通过传感器信号118转接至制动控制单元108。
制动控制单元108分析制动控制单元输入信号110和传感器信号118,并且根据预编程的算法选择性地向马达21发送马达控制信号120,或者向制动致动器114发送制动致动器控制信号122,或者进行这两种操作。马达21可操作地连接到能量存储装置124上。马达控制信号120闭合了马达21和能量存储装置124之间的回路126,使马达将其一些电能形式的能含量转向能量存储装置124。电能这样排向能量存储装置124就使得马达21变慢,同时在能量存储装置124中收集电能以便以后使用。制动控制单元108也可以将制动致动器控制信号122发送到制动致动器114,使得制动致动器114向车轮4施加机械力128。本发明还包括再生制动系统的其他构型。
驻车制动卡钳
图7a和7b表示了用于本发明的一个实施例中的机械驻车制动卡钳130的前视和侧视的示意图。驻车制动卡钳130通过使用驻车制动卡钳螺栓132、134而可松脱地安装在马达外壳的轴向外部23(图1中所示)上。从底盘3向驻车制动卡钳130的连接在图7a中表示为从底盘的驻车制动缆索连接150。本领域普通技术人员将会很容易认识到将驻车制动卡钳130安装到马达外壳23上的其他方法。
轮胎和车轮组件
图8a和8b是图1的车轮马达牵引组件2的前视和后视的透视示意图,其中相同的参考标记是指与图1-7b中相同的部件。图8a和8b表示了在上悬架系统结构连接器26和下悬架系统结构连接器27处刚性安装在马达外壳19上的上悬架控制臂136和下悬架控制臂138(这两者都是底盘3的部分)。本发明设想了用于悬架控制臂136、138的其他连接结构。
因此,参见图1,车轮4具有可操作地连接在车轮4中的电动马达21,用于驱动地转动车轮4。电动马达21具有马达外壳19。转向系统结构连接器28可操作地连接到马达外壳19上,以便将车轮马达牵引组件2连接到底盘3上的转向系统上。如图8a中所示,上悬架系统结构连接器26和下悬架系统结构连接器27可操作地连接到马达外壳19上,以便将车轮马达牵引组件2连接到底盘3上的转向系统上。马达外壳19构制成这样,当其通过悬架系统结构连接器26、27和转向系统结构连接器28将车轮4与底盘3结构互连时承受车辆载荷。换句话说,马达外壳19是充分结构化的以便至少部分地支承车辆底盘3。
尽管详细描述了用于实现本发明的最佳模式,但是本发明相关领域的普通技术人员将会认识到用于在所附权利要求书的范围内实现本发明的各种替代设计和实施例。

Claims (18)

1.一种适于电力牵引的轻型车辆底盘所用的车轮马达牵引组件,其包括:
可转动的车轮,该车轮相对于底盘具有内侧;
电动马达,该电动马达可操作地连接到车轮的内侧上以便驱动地转动车轮,并且具有马达外壳;
悬架系统结构连接器,该悬架系统结构连接器可操作地连接到马达外壳上,以便将车轮马达牵引组件连接到车辆底盘上的悬架系统上;以及
转向系统结构连接器,该转向系统结构连接器可操作地连接到马达外壳上,以便将车轮马达牵引组件连接到车辆底盘上的转向系统上;
其中,当马达外壳通过悬架系统结构连接器和转向系统结构连接器将车轮与底盘结构互连时,该马达外壳构制成承受车辆底盘的载荷。
2.根据权利要求1所述的车轮马达牵引组件,其还包括:
可转动的制动盘,该制动盘可操作地连接到车轮上以便与车轮一起转动;
可操作地连接到制动盘上的制动卡钳;
其中,制动卡钳可操作地连接到马达外壳上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的车轮马达牵引组件:
其中电动马达包括定子和转子;以及
其还包括:
轴承,该轴承可操作地连接到电动马达上,使得转子可以绕着轴承转动;以及
其中车轮可以绕着轴承转动。
4.一种轻型车辆底盘所用的车轮马达牵引组件,其包括:
可转动的车轮,该车轮具有径向外侧轮胎支承部分和径向内侧轮毂支承部分,所述部分配合构制成限定了车轮空腔,该车轮空腔相对于底盘轴向向内开口并且具有车轮内周边和车轮外周边;
转子,该转子在所述周边之间位于车轮空腔中并且可拆卸地连接到所述轮毂支承部分上以便驱动地转动车轮;
不可转动的定子,该定子在所述周边之间位于车轮空腔中以便驱动地转动转子;以及
不可转动的马达外壳,该马达外壳构制成基本上封住向内开口的车轮空腔的内端并且包括结构连接器和电连接器,所述结构连接器和所述电连接器适于将车轮马达牵引组件连接到底盘上。
5.根据权利要求4所述的车轮马达牵引组件,其中,结构连接器是悬架系统结构连接器,该悬架系统结构连接器构制成将车轮马达牵引组件连接到底盘上的悬架系统上。
6.根据权利要求4所述的车轮马达牵引组件,其中,结构连接器是转向系统结构连接器,该转向系统结构连接器构制成将车轮马达牵引组件连接到底盘上的转向系统上。
7.根据权利要求4所述的车轮马达牵引组件,其还包括:
位于车轮空腔中的可转动的制动盘,该制动盘可操作地连接到转子上;以及
位于车轮空腔中的制动卡钳,该制动卡钳可松脱地连接到所述马达外壳上,其中制动卡钳适于选择性地将力施加在制动盘上。
8.根据权利要求4所述的车轮马达牵引组件,其中,制动卡钳可操作地连接到底盘上的液压制动管线上,并且构制成响应于液压管线中的液压力将力施加在制动盘上。
9.根据权利要求4所述的车轮马达牵引组件,其还包括位于车轮空腔中的机械驻车制动卡钳,该机械驻车制动卡钳可松脱地连接到马达外壳且可操作地连接到底盘上的驻车制动缆索上,并且构制成响应于驻车制动缆索上的力将力施加在制动盘上。
10.根据权利要求4所述的车轮马达牵引组件,其还包括:
轮毂配件,其包括:
螺柱轴;
轮毂,该轮毂刚性连接到螺柱轴上并且可拆卸地连接到转子和车轮上,使得轮毂和螺柱轴与转子和车轮一起转动;
可操作地连接到螺柱轴上的轴外壳;以及
可操作地连接到螺柱轴上的轴承,其中车轮和转子绕着轴承转动。
11.根据权利要求10所述的车轮马达牵引组件,其中轮毂配件还包括:
速度传感器,该速度传感器位于车轮空腔中且可操作地连接到轮毂上,并且能够测量轮毂的转速;
刚性固定到马达外壳上的速度传感器连接端口;以及
速度传感器连接线,该速度传感器连接线在一端可操作地连接到速度传感器上,并且在另一端可操作地连接到速度传感器连接端口上。
12.根据权利要求10所述的车轮马达牵引组件,其中轮毂配件还包括:
位置传感器,该位置传感器位于车轮空腔中且可操作地连接到轮毂和轴外壳上,并且能够相对于轴外壳的位置检测轮毂的位置;
刚性固定到马达外壳上的位置传感器连接端口;以及
位置传感器连接线,该位置传感器连接线在一端可操作地连接到位置传感器上,并且在另一端可操作地连接到位置传感器连接端口上。
13.根据权利要求7所述的车轮马达牵引组件,其中转子和定子组成被构制为进行再生制动的马达。
14.一种适于电力牵引的轻型车辆底盘所用的车轮马达牵引组件,其包括:
可转动的车轮,该车轮具有径向外侧轮胎支承部分和径向内侧轮毂支承部分,所述部分配合构制成限定了车轮空腔,该车轮空腔相对于底盘轴向向内开口并且具有车轮内周边和车轮外周边;
转子,该转子在所述周边之间位于空腔中并且可拆卸地连接到所述轮毂支承部分上以便驱动地转动车轮;
不可转动的定子,该定子在所述周边之间位于空腔中以便驱动地转动转子;
不可转动的马达外壳,该马达外壳构制成基本上封住向内开口的车轮空腔的内端,并且包括电连接器、悬架系统结构连接器和转向系统结构连接器,该悬架系统结构连接器构制成将车轮马达牵引组件连接到底盘上的悬架系统上,该转向系统结构连接器构制成将车轮马达牵引组件连接到底盘上的转向系统上,所述连接器适于将车轮马达牵引组件连接到底盘上。
15.一种适于电力牵引的轻型车辆底盘所用的车轮马达牵引组件,其包括:
包括不可转动的定子和转子的马达;
轮毂配件,该轮毂配件包括螺柱轴、轮毂、轴外壳和轴承,该轮毂刚性连接到螺柱轴上并且机械连接到转子上,使得轮毂和螺柱轴与转子一起转动,轴外壳和轴承都可操作地连接到螺柱轴上,其中车轮和转子绕着轴承转动;
车轮,该车轮具有径向外侧轮胎支承部分和径向内侧轮毂支承部分,所述部分配合构制成限定了车轮空腔,该车轮空腔相对于底盘轴向向内开口并且具有车轮内周边和车轮外周边,其中车轮可拆卸地连接到轮毂上以便使得车轮可与轮毂一起转动;
不可转动的马达外壳,该马达外壳支承着轴外壳并且构制成基本上封住向内开口的车轮空腔的内端;
转向系统结构连接器,该转向系统结构连接器可操作地连接到马达外壳上以便将车轮马达牵引组件连接到底盘上的转向连接件上,以及悬架系统结构连接器,该悬架系统结构连接器可操作地连接到马达外壳上以便将车轮马达牵引组件连接到底盘上的悬架系统上;
位于车轮空腔中的可转动的制动盘,该制动盘机械连接到轮毂上以便使得制动盘可与轮毂一起转动,以及位于车轮空腔中的制动卡钳,该制动卡钳安装在马达外壳上且相对于马达外壳固定,并且可操作地连接到制动盘上;以及
密封的电力电缆配装件,该电力电缆配装件可操作地连接到马达外壳和定子上并且适于将定子连接到底盘上的电力电缆上;
其中,定子和轴外壳可操作地连接并且相对于马达外壳静止不动,并且其中,螺柱轴、转子、轮毂和车轮可以相对于马达外壳转动,使得轴承用作转子和车轮的轴承,并且马达、轮毂配件和马达外壳基本上配装在车轮内周边和车轮外周边中。
16.一种紧凑的盘形轴向通量马达,其用于装配在车轮空腔中并且包括:
不可转动的马达外壳,该马达外壳构制成充分扩展以封闭车轮空腔的盘,并且在其一侧上包括车辆悬架控制臂拾取部分,在其另一侧上包括制动卡钳,以及可操作地连接到马达外壳上的马达定子,其中马达外壳是充分结构化的以便至少部分地支承车辆底盘;
由马达外壳可转动地支承的可转动的轮毂和轴,其中轮毂适于支承车轮;以及
制动盘和马达转子,该制动盘和马达转子连接到轮毂和轴上以便与它们一起转动;
其中制动盘可操作地连接到制动卡钳上,并且马达转子可操作地连接到定子上。
17.根据权利要求16所述的轴向通量马达,其还包括位于马达外壳的一侧上的传感器连接端口。
18.根据权利要求17所述的轴向通量马达,其还包括位于马达外壳的一侧上的下悬架控制臂球窝接头。
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