CN1583346A - 同时加热材料的方法和装置 - Google Patents

同时加热材料的方法和装置 Download PDF

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CN1583346A
CN1583346A CNA2004100578709A CN200410057870A CN1583346A CN 1583346 A CN1583346 A CN 1583346A CN A2004100578709 A CNA2004100578709 A CN A2004100578709A CN 200410057870 A CN200410057870 A CN 200410057870A CN 1583346 A CN1583346 A CN 1583346A
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陈杰伟
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Leste Processing Tech AG
Leister Process Technologies
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Abstract

借助激光束并按照基本成平面的加热轮廓的任何形状来同时加热材料且尤其是焊接塑料构件的方法和装置。为此，借助于适当的光学组件将激光束转变成环形激光束并聚焦和耦合输入到一个光导管的端侧壁上。在输出侧，该管按照所希望的加热轮廓变形，从而使输出的激光束具有这种加热轮廓。

Description

同时加热材料的方法和装置
技术领域
本发明涉及利用激光束并按照基本成平面的加热轮廓的任何形状同时加热材料的方法和装置。
背景技术
众所周知，借助激光束加热材料是为了材料成形，例如是为了焊接、钎焊、切割等等。还知道了借助激光如在激光透射法里使塑料相互连接。借助红外射线(IR)的激光透射法使得待焊接部件里的不同吸收能量被用于焊接。靠近激光源的上层部件允许激光束透过，而下层部件是能吸收激光束的，因而在焊接点上由于下层部件被加热而使这两个构件熔化并在施压作用下被压接在一起。借助激光束，可以进行尤其是针对微型机械构件的精密高精度焊接。有利地在整个焊接线上同时进行焊接，从而在一次照射过程中就使整个基本成平面的焊接轮廓被加热并使构件相互焊接。这样一来，就能在焊接时跨接构件之间的气隙并使不平度得到补偿。
发明内容
因而，本发明的任务是提出一种方法和装置，在此能借助激光束并按照任意的加热线轮廓形状来同时加热材料，尤其是焊接塑料构件。
按照本发明，该任务通过按照独立权利要求所述的方法和按照独立装置权利要求所述的装置来完成，其它的有利实施方案见各自相关的从属权利要求。
按照此方法，激光束借助光学元件沿纵向在端侧被耦合输入一个传导红外射线的管的壁里，该管在输出侧对应于轮廓地变形，输出的激光束接着借助聚焦透镜被投影在加热平面上。借助薄壁管出现射束成形，该管不仅作为光导和辐射变换器，而且也作为光强度均化装置。为此，该薄壁管的两端被精抛光，以保证激光束的无损失耦合输入和输出。导光管的圆周对应于所希望的整个加热轮廓长度，因而实现了大多闭合的加热轮廓。管在其一侧最好保持其圆形。这一侧用作光耦合输入接口区。管的另一侧按构件规格来成形，以便产生所希望的轮廓。这一侧的成形可以通过不同的方式方法来实现，其中一种方法是例如用热空气加热塑料管，使塑料稍稍软化并接着用成型辅助工具成形出所希望的轮廓构造。另一种成形则是借助注塑模进行制造。通常所有保证上述功能的材料如塑料、玻璃和基于玻璃的模具都是适用的。
为了能够使光束均匀地耦合输入，最好可以使激光束变形成环状。此时，环的圆周应该对应于塑料管的圆周。
更为有利的是，借助轴向锥体透镜实现呈环形的激光束。该透镜将激光转变成环形并借助一个紧接着的聚焦透镜清晰地聚焦到导光管的横断面上。因而就能使激光能量无损失地耦合输入导光管里。
例如可能从光导纤维里出来的激光束通过一个聚焦透镜被对准到轴向锥体透镜上。若激光从导光管另一侧出来，则以较大的发散角射出。由于在塑料管出口和加热平面之间有一个不可减少的距离，因而输出图形更有利地又借助一个聚焦的透镜被精确投影在加热平面上。因此，在管端侧和构件之间得到了想要的工作间距。光束强度的均匀化通过管的长度来改善。管的长度本身能可变化地选择。
通过本发明，在作为光学模具地制造这样的导光管时获得了高度的灵活性。环形激光束的形成和环形圆周的改变都能比较简单地实现，因此制造这样一整套装置的成本不大并因而很有利。
该技术设备还允许实现塑料构件的同时焊接，其中，可以从一个点发出愈来愈高的激光功率的先进技术装备是有利的。在这里，纤维激光器提供一个小的聚焦光点，其大小为6-50μm。该激光器的光功率可以从几瓦至几千瓦，因此，本发明的技术有着广阔的应用领域。
附图说明
以下，结合焊接塑料构件时的实施例并根据附图来原则上示出和说明本发明。附图所示为：
图1：整个装置的透视图；
图2：从导光管端至焊接构件的局部放大图；
图3：具有各个辐射锥体的光路图。
具体实施方式
图1表示一个光学纤维1，从光学纤维里出来的激光束12经过一个聚焦的透镜2对准一个轴向锥体透镜或者圆锥透镜3。轴向锥体透镜3使激光束变形，如图3所示，因而形成锥形光路。在下一个聚焦的透镜4上产生的环被聚焦到导光管的端侧圆端部13上并在那里进入壁板里。不言而喻，由透镜4形成的环必然与管5的外形尺寸一致。然后，激光束通过管5(在此实施例里也呈塑料管状)被传输至输出端。在输出端上，管5按照轮廓6变形，因而在那里出来的激光束就具有这种相应的轮廓。为使激光束聚焦到焊接平面8上，在从变形的端侧端部14出来之后，激光束就射到一个聚焦的精密投影透镜7上，从而在焊接平面8上形成了在图1、2示出的轮廓9。
图2以缩小比例示出了管5，该管具有圆形的端侧端部13和变形的端侧端部14，还示出了要相互连结的构件，它具有透明的接缝部10和吸收光的接缝部11。

Claims (10)

1.借助激光束并按照基本呈平面的加热轮廓的任何形状来同时加热材料的方法，其特征在于，该激光束(12)借助光学元件(2-4)在纵向上被耦合输入一个对红射线(IR)透明的管(5)的壁里，该管在输出侧(14)按照所希望的加热轮廓(9)变形，所输出的激光束接着借助一个聚焦的透镜(7)被投影到加热平面(8)上。
2.按权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，该激光束(12)借助该光学元件(2-4)被变形成环状并被耦合输入一个在输入侧(13)呈圆形的管(5)的壁里。
3.按权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，该激光束(12)借助一个轴向锥体透镜(3)变为环形并接着借助一个聚焦的透镜(4)被清晰聚焦在管(5)输入侧的端侧(13)上。
4.按权利要求1-3之一所述的方法，其特征在于，塑料管被用作该管(5)，该输出侧(14)通过材料加热而适应于所需的焊接轮廓(9)。
5.按权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，该管(5)的输出轮廓(6)借助一个聚焦的透镜(7)被清晰聚焦到该聚焦平面上。
6.按权利要求1-5之一所述的方法，其特征在于，该激光束由纤维激光器(1)产生。
7.借助激光束并按照基本是平面的加热轮廓的任何形状来同时加热材料的装置，其特征在于，设有一个光学组件(2-4)，该光学组件用于使激光束(1)成形并聚焦到一个透红外射线(IR)的管状光导(5)上，该光导在输出侧(14)按照所希望的加热轮廓(9)变形，还设有一个随后的装置(7)用于将射出的激光束聚焦到加热平面(8)上。
8.按权利要求7所述的装置，其特征在于，该管状光导(5)的端部被抛光。
9.按权利要求7或8所述的装置，其特征在于，该管状光导(5)在输入侧(13)是圆形的。
10.按权利要求9所述的装置，其特征在于，该光学组件具有一个轴向锥体透镜(3)和一个用于将激光束(1)聚焦到该光导(5)的输入侧(13)上的聚焦透镜(4)。
CNB2004100578709A 2003-08-21 2004-08-20 同时加热材料的方法和装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1305631C (zh)

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CN107427960A (zh) * 2014-12-15 2017-12-01 丰田自动车欧洲公开有限公司 使用光束整形装置和遮挡装置焊接的系统和方法
CN110864677A (zh) * 2019-12-03 2020-03-06 中国矿业大学(北京) 基于光学反射与折射的方形轮廓激光标示方法及装置

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US8404994B2 (en) 2006-12-27 2013-03-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Laser beam welding device and method
CN103465471A (zh) * 2013-08-09 2013-12-25 上海大学 激光封装方法及装置
CN107427960A (zh) * 2014-12-15 2017-12-01 丰田自动车欧洲公开有限公司 使用光束整形装置和遮挡装置焊接的系统和方法
CN107215847A (zh) * 2017-07-06 2017-09-29 上海应用技术大学 一种特氟龙快速微加工装置及方法
CN110864677A (zh) * 2019-12-03 2020-03-06 中国矿业大学(北京) 基于光学反射与折射的方形轮廓激光标示方法及装置

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EP1508397B1 (de) 2006-06-07
US7285744B2 (en) 2007-10-23
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US20050077276A1 (en) 2005-04-14
ATE328698T1 (de) 2006-06-15

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