CN1518768A - 用于局部照明的高功率led模块 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种发光模块,包括一个发光二极管组件,该组件设置了一个前侧发光二极管阵列和一个后侧。后侧与一个导热的延伸片热联通,一个导热芯体与传导性的延伸片热联通。导热芯体包括一个电导体,在工作中与前侧发光二极管阵列联系,以及多个附件置于导热芯体的周围,以便它们与传导性的延伸片热联通。
Description
技术领域
本发明一般涉及照明应用的发光二极管(LED)技术。它得到与局部模块照明(spot module illumination)应用有关的具体应用并具体参照其进行描述。然而,可以认识到本发明也可以修改为其他类似的应用。
背景技术
目前的局部模块灯技术主要依靠用于微型反射器(MR)和抛物线反射器(PAR)类型的灯照明的卤素类型的灯。但是使用卤素类型的灯用于局部照明有一些缺点。例如,过热会限制这些类型的灯用于商业和消费者应用。现有的LED方案在光源阵列中利用标准的、成品的、环氧树脂封装的、通孔的LED源。这些配置严重的限制了灯的输出亮度。因此,可以被LED技术实现的潜在市场突破相应地很有限。
到目前为止,在这个技术领域的努力主要集中在输出光的多色数字控制,以便在各种风格的封装件中提供“彩色薄涂(color wash)”能力。基于LED的灯已经被设计用于模仿MR灯的照明区域。然而,由于用来形成这些灯的LED不可以导热,这种灯的热阻系数大约为300℃/W,这些LED灯产生过热。因此,热负载对于传统的基于LED的MR灯是关键的问题。
解决热问题的一个尝试是将表面安装装置封装到金属包层(metal clad)印刷电路板(PCB)上。然而,这仅是平面的方法,在这种情况下PCB没有直接集成到包括在灯体中的吸热器固定装置中。因此,不可能将高功率LED灯包含在MR封装件中。
本发明提供一种新的和改进的装置和方法,克服了上述问题和其他问题。
发明内容
根据本发明的一个方面,提供了一种发光模块。它包括发光二极管组件,设置了前侧发光二极管阵列和后侧。后侧与一个导热延伸片热联通,一个导热芯体与该导热延伸片热联通。导热芯体包括一个电导体,在工作中与前侧发光二极管阵列联系,多个附件置于导热芯体的周围以便它们与该导热延伸片热联通。
根据本发明的另一方面,一个发光二极管阵列包括由电连接元件穿过的本体支撑的发光面。该本体包括与发光面热联通的导热芯体,导热芯体包括与发光面中的发光二极管电联通的电连接元件。多个导热附件围绕该导热芯体,并且它们与发光二极管组件热联通。
根据本发明的又一方面,提供了一种使用局部模块平台的灯。该灯包括安排在具有反向前向和后向侧面的LED组件中的多个LED。当将电供至那里时前向侧面选择性的从该LED提供照明。一个吸热器与LED组件的后向侧热联通,它用于吸收来自LED的热量。散热装置与吸热器热联通,它通过对流将来自吸热器的热散掉。
本发明的一个优点是它将会减少MR或PAR类型的灯或其他新颖的灯配置中的基于LED的局部模块(spot modules)的热阻系数。
本发明的另一个优点是它使得在MR或PAR类型的灯或其他新颖的灯配置中的局部模块中应用高功率LED成为可能。阵列中的LED数量可以根据具体应用的需要而改变。
本发明的另一个优点是它制造出了基本上可以模仿传统的MR灯的照明区域的基于LED灯。同样的方法也可以用于PAR类型灯的情况。
本发明的另一个优点是它产生的亮度水平超过传统的用夹子夹住的(clip-on)过滤MR灯。
本发明的另一个优点是初级或者初级和次级镜头结合的配置可以用于将光输出聚焦,以提供来自局部模块的从10°到65°光谱半波宽(full-width-half-maximum)范围的角度输出。
本发明的另一个优点是LED的工作温度被降低了,从而增加了基于LED的灯的工作寿命。
本发明的另外的优点将在本领域的技术人员阅读和理解了以下优选实施例的描述后变得明显。
附图说明
本发明可以以各种元件和元件的安排的形式、以及以各种步骤和步骤的排列而实现。附图只是为了解释优选实施例,而不被解释为对本发明的限制。
图1图解了适合于实施本发明的装置的第一实施例。
图2图解了适合于实施本发明的装置的第二实施例。
图3图解了适合于实施本发明的装置的第三实施例。
图4图解了适合于实施本发明的装置的第四实施例。
图5图解了适合于实施本发明的装置的另一实施例。
具体实施方式
参照图1,装置8包括分别安装到各自的电绝缘子安装架(submount)20,22,24的高功率LED 10,12,14的集成阵列。子安装架20,22,24固定到各自的井(well)30,32,34内的金属制成的后侧衬底26上。可以选择的是,LED 10,12,14直接固定到金属衬底26,由此可以不使用子安装架。LED 10,12,14所在的井30,32,34通常是直接冲压或钻孔到衬底材料中,以便优选地形成“反射器”形状。然而,还可以预见其它LED和井的配置。子安装架20,22,24(或者可选择的是LED 10,12,14)通过高导热材料(例如焊料、填充的环氧树脂、热胶带(heat tape)和/或其他具有优良导热性的粘合剂)固定到作为吸热器的后侧衬底26。LED 10,12,14通过导体38连接到电接触点36。
透镜40,42,44分别覆盖LED 10,12,14。可以选择的是,包括一个次级光学透镜阵列的帽被固定到井中的LED上。在这种情况下,透镜阵列中各个小透镜与LED和井以一对一的关系对应。
衬底26被固定到散热延伸片60上,它包括像金属这样的导热材料。在使用中,LED 10、12、14产生的热量被传递给衬底26,然后传送到散热延伸片60。热量在散热延伸片60上被基本均匀分布。散热延伸片60固定到导热芯体62上。导热的散热鳍片64包围芯体并从芯体62延伸。在所解释的实施例中,散热鳍片64形成了一个与芯体62干涉配合的独立的组件。在一个实施例中,在装配前通过收缩芯体62和扩大散热鳍片64来确保紧密的干涉配合。更具体而言,通过冷却芯体62(例如冷冻)将芯体的外径暂时收缩,通过加热散热鳍片64将吸热器散热鳍片64的内径暂时扩大。然后,散热鳍片组件被滑动到或被置于芯体62的周围。一旦部件恢复到周围环境的温度,就在散热鳍片组件和芯体62之间形成了紧密的干涉配合。由于散热鳍片64接触芯体62,热量通过散热鳍片64从芯体传导到外部环境。另外,散热延伸片60和鳍形的吸热器64可以作为一个单独的导热材料成型。电导体68、70穿过芯体62和散热延伸片60,以便将被引脚72、74接收的电供给LED 10,12,14。除了所示的例子外,也可以预见吸热器用于增加外表面区域以改进热控制的鳍形吸热器,同时提供给“灯”更具美感的外观。
本领域的技术人员可以理解阵列中LED的数量可以根据灯输出的需要而变化。
图2-5图解了本发明的其它实施例。这些实施例中的元件的参考标号采用与图1中图解的实施例中对应的元件参考标号相同的标号并在其后加了(’)符号。新的元件标示有新的标号。
参照图2,装置77包括基本为平面的衬底78,高功率LED 10’,12’,14’安装在其上。盖子80固定在衬底78上。盖子80包括与LED10’,12’,14’具有一对一对应关系的凹进部分82,84,86。凹进部分82,84,86被成型用来形成各自的反射器(例如蜂窝形状),反射器的形状可以是圆锥形、抛物线形或者是提供所需要的光线输出方向特性的具有特定断面形状的外形。
参照图3,本发明的另一个实施例包括一个装置90,具有安装到金属芯子(例如散热延伸片)110的多个高功率LED 100,102,104。可以选择的是,每个LED通过电绝缘的子安装架安装到金属芯子110。在这个实施例中,每个LED 100,102,104单独的封装为离散元件。此外,每个封装件包括单个的初级光学部件(例如透镜)112,114,116。封装件利用电路板120电连接。电路板120设计用于将从离散的封装件的散热最优化,例如带有金属芯的印刷电路板。可以选择的是,该板包含通孔122,124,126以允许包括在封装件中的吸热器直接连接到作为组件的吸热器的金属芯子110。LED 102,102,104通过导热粘合剂或焊料(例如热胶带)固定到金属芯子110。另外,导热粘合剂或焊料将LED 100,102,104固定到各自的子安装架,此外,将子安装架固定到金属芯子110。板120上的电路(未显示)将LED 100,102,104电连接到电源。电路最好由标准的金属或陶瓷材料形成;然而,还可以预见其它材料。
现在参照图4,另一个实施例的LED模块130包括多个导热柱或从LED阵列后侧伸出的成形的突出部分132,与上述的从导热芯体伸出相对。现在对于本领域的技术人员显而易见的是发光模块上的散热延伸部分或突出部分的位置是可以变化的,其他等同的功能布局也是可能的。此外,对于具体的应用,延伸部分或突出部分的形状、物理连续性和材料也可以变化。
图4还图解了外壳136,由塑料、金属或其他材料制成,附着在发光面周边的周围。在LED的对面,一个光学部件140优选的是通过螺纹、咬合、夹子、螺钉或类似物附着到外壳136上。光学部件140可以根据需要被着色(tinted),或者与下面的LED颜色匹配来提供想要的颜色输出,或者可以是透明的,可以作为一个扁平的窗口、一个透镜、或其它光调节系统或者光线整形器、一个多菲涅耳光学系统、一个漫射片或者另外的装置而形成。可以选择的是,光学部件140可以包括一个微透镜板或这一个具有与下面的LED对准的光轴的小透镜阵列。在任何情况下,优选的是光学部件140附着到外壳136,以便其不同类型的种类根据需要易于互换,从而选择性地为各种应用定制模块130。另外,外壳136可以选择高度可调和/或可与各种不同高度的外壳互换,从而选择光学部件140和下面的LED之间需要的距离。技术人员将意识到,通过以这种方式在LED和光学部件140之间形成各种分隔,可以适应不同焦距的透镜。
参照图5,备用的固定装置150包括金属衬底152或折叠作为灯具的外壳的散热固定装置。包含在内的是高功率LED156,158和对应的透镜160,162。这种本体152最好由铝或其他导热材料以适当铸造或机械加工的形状制成。用于将LED内连到电源(未图解)的电路170可以是直接在外壳组件上形成图案,或由附在外壳的顶表面的印刷线路板构成。该电路包括用于LED 156,158的开口并且还可以选择包括用于附加镜头160,162的机械特征。到电路170的电连接通过中间部分的接头174进行,其可以适合于接收电源或来自装置外的电源的引线。另外,可以通过在外壳中的通路或孔电连接。外壳中空的中间部分还可以用于容纳其它用于LED 156,158的电气控制电路,外壳的底部可以连接到一个合适的连接器设计中,以便连接到一个插座。散热片178包围组件的外部。本领域的技术人员可以理解一个单独的外壳中的阵列中的LED的数量和颜色可以根据灯输出的需要而改变。此外,附加的散热片的数量和排布可以根据需要而改变。
本发明的装置中公开的机械设计具有与约40℃/W或者更少的相似(例如大约15℃/W)的热阻系数。此外,可以理解装置8,77,90,130,150可以设计为模仿传统的MR或PAR类型的灯(例如MR-16灯)的照明区域。
优选的是,本发明使用的高功率LED产生饱和色(例如绿色,蓝色,青色,红色,橙色,黄色,或者琥珀色)和/或白光,以便各个灯产生至少大约60流明(lumens)的光。还可以预见到在阵列中的多种颜色。
优选的是,本发明的透镜和小透镜是折射、绕射、或菲涅耳透镜类型的并设计用于产生用于聚光灯应用的范围从大约10°到大约65°范围的局部照明光线。
还可以预见电源转换元件也被包括在装置8,77,90,130,150中,用于将交流(AC)输入(例如,12VAC,120VAC,或220 VAC)转换成为LED供电的直流、低电压电源。还可以预见到用于通用的AC输入的电源转换元件。
还可以预见到装置8,77,90,130,150中的单个LED被选择性的操作。在这种情况下,单个的或成组的LED寻址(addressing)可以局部的通过位于灯具中的合适的控制电路实现,或者通过通信装置选择性地远程寻址单个的LED。
已经参照优选实施例对本发明进行了说明。显然,其他人在阅读和理解了以上详细描述后可以想到修改和变化。本发明意图构造成将所有这样的修改和变化包括在所附的权利要求和其等价物的范围之内。
Claims (24)
1.一种发光模块,包括:
发光二极管组件,设置了一个前侧发光二极管阵列和一个后侧,所述后侧与一个导热延伸片热联通;
导热芯体,与所述导热延伸片热联通,所述导热芯体提供用于导电体在工作中与所述前侧发光二极管阵列联系的装置;和
多个附件,置于所述导热芯体的周围,所述多个附件与所述导热延伸片热联通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的发光模块,还包括:
外壳,围绕所述前侧发光二极管阵列;和
光学部件,可拆卸地固定到与所述前侧发光二极管阵列相对的所述外壳。
3.根据权利要求2所述的发光模块,其中所述光学部件包括:
多个对应于所述前侧发光二极管阵列中的发光二极管的小透镜。
4.根据权利要求2所述的发光模块,其中所述外壳提供所述光学部件和所述前侧发光二极管阵列之间的一个选择性变化的间隔。
5.根据权利要求1所述的发光模块,其中所述多个附件包括附着在所述导热芯体周围的散热鳍片。
6.根据权利要求1所述的发光模块,其中所述多个附件包括从所述发光二极管阵列的后侧向外延伸的杆。
7.根据权利要求1所述的发光模块,其中所述发光二极管组件包括多个发光二极管,每个发光二极管放置在一个成形的凹进部分中,所述凹进部分和发光二极管被一个透镜覆盖。
8.根据权利要求1所述的发光模块,其中所述发光二极管组件包括单独封装的发光二极管元件。
9.根据权利要求8所述的发光模块,其中所述单独封装的发光二极管元件以与所述导热延伸片热联通的方式被固定。
10.根据权利要求1所述的发光模块,其中所述发光模块具有小于40摄氏度每瓦特的热阻系数。
11.根据权利要求1所述的发光模块,其中所述导热芯体和所述电导体适合于被容纳在一个固定装置中,所述固定装置从一组MR类型的固定装置和PAR类型的固定装置中选择。
12.根据权利要求1所述的发光模块,其中所述前侧发光二极管阵列选择性的产生饱和色光。
13.根据权利要求1所述的发光模块,其中所述前侧发光二极管阵列选择性的产生白光。
14.根据权利要求1所述的发光模块,其中所述前侧发光二极管阵列选择性的产生基于来自各种饱和色LED的混合的降低饱和度的颜色。
15.根据权利要求1所述的发光模块,其中所述前侧发光二极管阵列选择性的产生至少50流明的光。
16.根据权利要求1所述的发光模块,还包括在所述前侧发光二极管阵列中的可单独供电的多组二极管。
17.一种发光二极管组件,包括由一个本体支撑的发光面,电连接元件通过所述本体,所述本体包括:
一个导热芯体,与所述发光面热联通,所述导热芯体提供一个路径用于所述电连接元件与所述发光面中的发光二极管电联系;
多个围绕所述导热芯体的导热附件,所述多个导热附件与所述发光二极管组件热联通。
18.根据权利要求17所述的发光二极管组件,其中所述多个导热附件包括附着到所述导热芯体的散热鳍片。
19.根据权利要求18所述的发光二极管组件,其中所述散热鳍片包括附着到所述导热芯体的一个附件边缘,所述附件边缘与所述导热芯体的中心轴平行。
20.根据权利要求17所述的发光二极管组件,其中所述导热附件包括附着到与所述发光面相反的一侧的细长柱。
21.一种使用了局部模块平台的灯,所述灯包括:
多个LED,安排在一个具有反向的前向和后向侧的LED组件中,当供电至所述前向侧时,所述前向侧选择性地从所述LED提供照明;
一个吸热器,与所述LED组件的所述后向侧热联通,所述吸热器用于从所述LED吸收热量;以及,
散热装置,与所述吸热器热联通,所述散热装置通过对流将来自所述吸热器的热量散掉。
22.根据权利要求21所述的灯,其中所述散热装置包括具有暴露在外的表面区域的多个部件,所述部件与所述吸热器热联通。
23.根据权利要求22所述的灯,其中所述吸热器包括:
一个导热基底,与所述LED组件的后向侧接触;和
一个导热芯体,从所述基底向远离所述LED组件的方向延伸。
24.根据权利要求23所述的灯,其中所述散热装置的部件与至少所述基底和所述吸热器的芯体之一接触并且从至少所述基底和所述吸热器的芯体之一向外延伸。
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- 2002-05-24 EP EP10171923.5A patent/EP2241803B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-24 EP EP02739450.1A patent/EP1393374B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-24 US US10/063,924 patent/US6799864B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-05-24 WO PCT/US2002/016750 patent/WO2002097884A1/en active Application Filing
- 2002-05-24 CN CNB028123662A patent/CN100524746C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
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CN102884376A (zh) * | 2010-02-23 | 2013-01-16 | 宗拓贝尔照明器材有限公司 | 用于光源的散热器 |
CN103968273A (zh) * | 2013-02-04 | 2014-08-06 | 中山伟强科技有限公司 | 可提升散热效率的散热结构及其灯泡 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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WO2002097884A1 (en) | 2002-12-05 |
JP2004528698A (ja) | 2004-09-16 |
CN100524746C (zh) | 2009-08-05 |
US20020176250A1 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
EP2241803B1 (en) | 2018-11-07 |
EP1393374A1 (en) | 2004-03-03 |
JP4452495B2 (ja) | 2010-04-21 |
EP2241803A3 (en) | 2016-03-23 |
US6799864B2 (en) | 2004-10-05 |
EP2241803A2 (en) | 2010-10-20 |
EP1393374B1 (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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