CN1491757A - 封装容器的制造方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种用于盛装液体物品的封装容器的制造方法,该封装容器包括一壳体(2)和顶部(3),壳体(2)是通过将腹板形的多层材料卷绕成套筒形式、之后以沿套筒纵向延伸的不透液体的接缝(9)使各材料边缘相互密封而形成的;顶部(3)是通过将热塑料性塑料挤塑以形成软管(15)、使该软管(15)经受吹塑且被形成多个连续的顶部(3)而形成的,该顶部(3)与套筒(5)和圆筒形部分(10)相互交替地连接在一起;所述顶部(3)被分成各单独的顶部(3);并且壳体(2)的上端和一单个顶部(3)的下端以不透液体的方式相互连接。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种制造封装容器的方法,其中该封装容器用于盛装液体物品并且包括一个壳体和一个顶部。
背景技术
用于各种类型的饮料、诸如果汁、运动型饮料或其它非碳酸型饮料的封装件以多种不同的形式出现在市场上。例如吹塑瓶子或深冲压杯子或罐子等塑料封装件是市场上常见的。层压纸制/塑料层压板制的封装件以及深冲压铝罐也是常见的。低成本的封装容器的先决条件是低制造成本、高生产率(大量生产)以及材料的合适选择。封装件的材料类型应该选择成使得材料的性能能够适用于其所封装的饮料、封装件类型及其用途。换言之,对材料的性能例如机械耐久性、液密性和隔气性应该进行选择,使得作为一个整体的材料组合针对其目的而言质量不会过于富裕,例如在采用一个深冲压铝罐盛装非碳酸型制品时,就可能要考虑这种情况,因为它的机械耐久性大大超过所需要的并且所需的隔气性可以仅利用极薄的铝层或其他阻隔材料即能获得。在用于封装所谓不含气体的饮料(still drink)时,从机械强度的观点而言,深冲压塑料瓶通常也是超过所需要强度的,总体上可以断定不含气体的饮料通常确实是封装在太过高档和昂贵的封装容器中了。
特别适用于不含气体的饮料并且还是无菌的从而适用于饮料无菌封装的一种最佳封装容器是由几个部分构成的,例如一个壳体、一个顶部和一个底部、以及一个封口装置,这些部分从材料选择和制造方法上而言都分别适用于其给定的目的。通过采用一个独立的顶部,这可以例如由强度较高或机械上较稳定的材料制成,使得可以在不损害封装容器本身的情况下进行封口装置的加装和处理。
在本领域中已得知用各种类型的塑性材料制造封装容器或者其各部件、例如顶部或底部,其中这些塑性材料是利用成形热塑性塑料的各种本身已知的技术形成的。顶部常包括一个封口装置或螺纹盖上的螺纹,这增加了对这个特定部分的制造方法和塑性性能的要求。例如,已知通过注射模塑来制造封装容器的顶部,这提供了高度的准确性和性能但是妨碍了利用一体的隔气层来制造顶部或使之成为不可能的,而这例如又是果汁的封装件所需要的。另一种已知的成形技术是对腹板形(web-shaped)的加热材料进行常规的热成形,在该材料本身中包括一体的阻隔层。然而,这种方法以令人所不希望的方式改变了材料的厚度并且降低了各个部件的准确度,这对于以足够的精度成形带有螺纹的颈部或成形用于封口装置的其它机械接合区域的可能性而言,具有负作用。
此外,一种制造封装容器的本身已知的技术是吹塑法,在该方法中,原始材料优选是新挤塑出的塑料软管,该塑料软管本身可包括由适当的本身已知的阻隔塑料制成的一体阻隔层。采用围绕着软管的各模瓣以及适当的压力差,可使塑料软管具有所需的封装件构型。正如上面所描述的,封装容器在这种情况下可以包括一个阻隔层,并且该方法还使得能就例如带螺纹的颈部区域而言以高度准确性制造封装容器,但是该方法的主要缺点在于,在挤塑用于封装容器的所需长度的软管以及对由软管形成的封装容器进行冷却时,由于封装容器必须保持在模瓣中直到其温度已降至使得材料已变成在几何上是稳定的,其过程是比较缓慢的。大的且不均匀分布的塑料体积不仅延迟了冷却过程,而且还产生了不均匀的冷却效果;并且由于实际上补助冷却是不能应用的,对于封装容器的现代的高生产率制造而言,这种方法被认为是太过缓慢了。
另一种用于封装例如果汁或其它不含气体的饮料的现有技术的封装容器是平行六面体形的封装容器,该封装容器是通过折叠且热密封层压材料来制成的,该层压材料包括纤维层、热塑性塑料层以及根据应用情况所需的阻隔层,例如铝箔。尽管这种封装件可以由合理的且节省材料的方式制造,但它的成形可能性受到限制,并且设置一个可封闭的开口装置的可能性也降低了。
在欧洲专利EP0108166A1中披露了一种容器,它包括一个可折叠的管形主体,一个由塑料制成且可固定连接于该主体的一端上的底部,以及一个由塑料制成的可固定连接于该主体的另一端上的口部。所述封装容器已经解决了上述存在的一些问题,但是封装容器的制造并没有得到改进。
因此在封装工业中普遍需要获得一种制造技术,使其能够制造用以封装不加压的所谓不含气体的制品的封装容器,该封装容器具有成形和最佳材料组成(当需要时,该材料组成可包括一阻隔层)方面的大范围自由度,并且还使其能快速且以高精度制造封装容器。
发明内容
因此,本发明的一个目的是提供一种制造封装容器的方法,使得容器具有的材料组成和构造能够解决上述缺陷并且在机械强度、制造精度和阻隔性能方面获得所需的性能,从而制造封装容器的方法能够以合理的方式且高产量地制造用于盛装不含气饮料的封装容器。
因此,本发明的另一目的是提供一种制造封装容器的方法,该方法可以通过单独最佳制造各个部分并且随后将各部分组装成一个不透液体的封装容器成品来制造多部分封装容器。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种制造封装容器的方法,该方法能够快速且有效地并以最低的材料消耗制造完整的封装容器,使得适当选择材料的容器将制造时间和单位材料成本降至最低,而在稳定性和紧密性方面没有任何损失。
本发明的又一目的是提供一种制造封装容器的方法,该方法能够快速实现且能经济地利用原料,因此该方法不会存在现有技术制造方法中固有的缺点,例如低生产率、不足的成形精度和高成本。
本发明的还一目的是提供一种制造封装容器的方法,该方法能够提供整体上带有隔气材料层的封装容器。
上述和其它目的可以通过本发明得以实现,本发明提供了一种制造用于盛装液体物品的封装容器的方法,该封装容器包括一个壳体和一个顶部,该方法的特征在于,该壳体通过将腹板形的多层材料卷绕成套筒形状而形成,从而各材料边缘以沿套筒纵向延伸的不透液体的接缝来实现相互密封;顶部是通过挤塑形成软管的热塑性塑料制成的,该软管经受吹塑操作并且被分成连续的多个顶部,该顶部和套筒以及圆柱形部分相互交替连接;所述顶部被分成各单独的顶部部分,壳体的上端与一单个顶部的下端以不透液体的方式相互连接。
本发明的制造封装容器的方法的优选实施方案还具有附属权利要求2至5中所描述的特征。
采用本发明的方法,可以使不同封装容器部分的制造在材料类型、材料强度、紧密性和隔气性能方面得以优化,同时制造可以合理的且高生产率的方式实现。
附图说明
下面将具体参照附图详细描述本发明的封装容器的一个优选实施方案以及本发明的制造方法,该附图是示意性的并且只示出了理解本发明所必需的那些细节。在附图中:
图1示出将多层材料重新成形为套筒形状;
图2示出本发明的挤塑软管且将其重新成形为顶部的方法;
图3示出按照图2所示方法制造的顶部;
图4示出设有封口装置的单个顶部;
图5示出本发明的封装容器的部分截面图;以及
图6是以放大比例示出图1所示封装容器的一部分的截面图。
具体实施方式
本发明的封装容器1在图5中示出,由此将显而易见封装容器1的优选实施方案基本上是瓶形的并且包括一个基本上呈圆筒形的中间壳体部分2、一个与该壳体部分一端以不透液体的方式相连的基本上呈圆锥形的顶部3以及一个与壳体部分2的另一端以不透液体的方式相连的底部4。顶部3的上部自由端被设计成颈部5并且设有螺纹盖形式的封口装置6,该封口装置上的螺纹与颈部5上的外螺纹7相配合。
从图1特别显而易见的是,壳体部分2是由腹板形的多层材料或层压腹板8制造,该多层材料或层压腹板8已被横向分割开以用于形成单个坯料,该坯料被再成形为管状壳体部分2,其中坯料的各竖直边缘相互搭叠并且以不透液体的纵向接缝9的形式相互密封。腹板形的多层材料或层压板优选为已知类型的,它用于制造平行六面体形的饮料封装件。更确切地说,材料包括一基本上位于中间的载体或者纤维材料芯层,该载体或芯层优选在各侧由热塑性塑料、例如聚乙烯来包围。材料还可包括一个阻隔材料层、例如某些适当的阻隔塑料或铝箔。因为该材料还包括一个位于阻隔层外侧的热塑性塑料层,可以对材料进行自身的热密封而无需附加材料或者除了热和压力之外的其它能源。不同类型的热密封方法是众所周知的技术并且因此无需在此作任何详细的描述。尽管如果纵向接缝9如图1所示形式,即采用搭接接头的形式,其中一个材料端部的外层连接于相对材料端部的内层,即可以获得最佳强度,当然也可以将纵向接缝制成内侧-内侧密封的形式。从阻隔的观点而言这可能是有利的,但是所提供的材料强度较差并且选择这种密封还是其它类型的密封必须取决于所制成制品的所需性能。
封装容器1的顶部3示出图4中,由此将显而易见顶部包括一个基本上呈圆筒形的下部边缘部分10、一个与该下部边缘部分10相连的锥形部分11、以及与该锥形部分自由端相连的颈部5,该颈部5的形状同样基本上呈圆筒形,但其直径明显小于位于顶部3另一端的圆筒形边缘部分10。从图4显而易见,颈部5包括与封口装置实现机械接合的外螺纹或其它装置,该封口装置例如从图5中显而易见,它可以采用本身常用的螺纹盖的形式。
顶部3通过挤塑和吹塑方法制成,正如图2示意出的,由此显而易见的是挤塑机12如何在挤塑机螺纹13(仅在附图中示出)的辅助作用下对经加热的塑性材料进行加工并且将其挤塑出挤塑机的喷嘴14以形成可成形塑性材料的软管15。软管15被导入两个模瓣16中,该两个模瓣16关闭在一起时界定并限定了软管15的一部分并且以本身已知的方式通过压力差将该部分再形成所需的构型。软管15的由此所形成的一个部分示出图3中,由此显而易见的是软管15如何再形成为多个连续的顶部3,该顶部3与颈部5和圆筒部分10彼此交替地相互形成整体。
从图5显而易见的是通过将两部分2、4的边缘区域相互密封在一起并且通过再折叠以形成密封折叠部分17使封装容器的底部4如何与壳体部分2的下端形成一体。这种技术本身是已知的并且适于使用,因为壳体部分2的外层材料和底部4的外层材料可直接相互热密封,正如本发明的封装容器那样,因为底部4是由与壳体相同的多层材料制造的。
从图6显而易见壳体2的上端如何以不透液体的方式与顶部3的下端、即与顶部3的圆筒形边缘部分10和顶部3的锥形部分11的下部区域成一体的。从图6还显而易见壳体2的多层材料如何设置有热塑性塑料的内层18、纤维材料的外层19以及阻隔材料的中间层20。阻隔材料可以是铝箔或者某些本身已知的阻隔塑料,内层18可以是例如聚乙烯。纤维层19可以设有热塑性塑料的附加外层,并且还可以设有装饰性例如印刷油墨的附加层。为了从机械强度和阻隔及外观性而言皆能确保壳体2和顶部3之间的密封是最佳的,壳体2的热塑性塑料内层18直接密封于顶部3的下部圆筒形部分的外侧。通过将壳体2的位于密封位置上方的边缘部分再折叠,封装件的外部将具有吸引人的外观,因为壳体2的上部剪切边缘是看不见的。从机械强度的观点而言,这也是一个优点,因为一个粗糙的剪切边缘易于在存放封装容器时吸收潮气并且可削弱材料的机械强度。
在按照本发明的方法制造上述封装容器时,封装容器的各个不同部分可以单独制造,之后,以合适的方式将其组合且相互连接起来。壳体部分2的制造以基本上常规的方式实现,其中层压腹板形式的腹板形多层材料被送至一个本身已知的套筒成形机(未示出)中,在此处层压腹板的一个适当部分被分离出来并且卷绕成套筒形,该套筒上设有不透液体的纵向接缝9。为了获得如图5所示的壳体部分2的再折叠的上端边缘,最好在将层压腹板8再成形为套筒形式之前对其上边缘(图1中未示出)进行再折叠,处于再折叠状态的该边缘最好还对自身进行了热密封。然而,这种技术是本领域周知的因此在此将不作详细描述。
底部4是由与壳体部分2相同类型的腹板形多层材料以本身已知的方式进行制造的。因此,在此采用的一个层压腹板,由它冲切成适当直径的圆盘。圆盘的外边缘区域基本上折叠成90°以便于在图5所示的密封折叠部分17中与壳体部分2成一体,这部分地是通过热密封形成的以便确保所需的液体不可透过性,部分地是通过机械成形(折叠)实现的以便进一步提高机械强度并且为封装容器提供一个防护液体的下边缘。
顶部3的制造借助于以前未用作制造顶部的吹塑技术实现。该技术利用本身已知的挤塑机12,该挤塑机12借助挤塑机螺纹13将经加热的塑性材料挤塑出喷嘴14以形成软管15。借助于彼此相互对应的模瓣16,经挤塑的、仍可成形的软管15的一部分被包围且封闭在两个模瓣之间。通过一个入口喷嘴(未示出),将空气输入到被夹住的软管部分的内部,由此获得的压力差迫使软管膨胀使其完全充满模瓣16并因此获得一外部轮廓和尺寸,该外部轮廓和尺寸相应于合在一起的两个模瓣16的整个内壁轮廓。以前已采用了类似的吹塑方法来制造完整的封装容器,该封装容器类似于本发明的顶部可以通过共挤塑方法设置一个适当的塑性材料阻隔层。在成形操作之后,由于所涉及的比较大的材料量和受限制的冷却可能性,冷却阶段的开始耗用了比较长的时间,这使得以前采用这种方法合理制造完整的封装容器成为不可能的。不过,通过按照本发明在每一成形步骤中制造多个顶部分(优选例如为八个),顶部的总冷却时间被分割使得与完整封装容器的相应制造相比生产速度提高了八倍。在某种程度上,通过吸入冷却空气和/或对模瓣16的冷却可以加速冷却阶段,但是产生速度的主要差别最主要取决于目前每个吹塑操作生产出大量的顶部的这一事实。通过沿两个无端腹板以本身已知的方式设置和移动模瓣,该方法可以连续地进行。
当冷却操作已完成并且模瓣16已打开时,可获得一组一体的顶部3,如图3所示。顶部与颈部5彼此交替地成一体,并且与较大的圆筒形边缘部分10彼此交替地成一体。由于吹塑技术可以获得高度的制造准确性,颈部5可以设有机械式作用装置,以用于与任何类型的封口装置、例如螺纹盖形成锁定接合。因此,颈部5已随同吹塑过程形成有用于与螺纹盖6或封口装置形成锁定接合的已制成的外螺纹7。
应当注意到,尽管本发明所描述的实施方案涉及一种其壳体部分或套筒为圆形截面构形的封装容器,但是并不限制其它的截面构形、例如八角形的或不规则形状的(例如非圆筒形的)。当然,封装容器的其它部分必须适应于相关壳体部分的构形。
由于套筒滚压操作(即壳体部分2的成形)、吹塑操作(即顶部3的成形)以及冲压操作(即底部4的成形)都可以比较高的速度实现,故可以利用本发明的方法以合理且经济的方式来制造设有阻隔层的封装容器1。对于壳体部分2/底部4和顶部3分别采用不同的材料在机械强度、阻隔性及不透液体性方面均可以最佳利用各种单独材料,这能够以低成本制造封装容器并且与仅由吹塑法或仅由对层压材料的折叠/热密封所制造的早期封装容器相比,可以使制造周期最佳化。
本发明不应限制于附图中所描述和示出的,在不脱离附属权利要求的范围内可以进行许多变型。
Claims (5)
1.一种用于盛装液体物品的封装容器的制造方法,该封装容器包括一壳体(2)和顶部(3),其特征在于,壳体(2)是通过将腹板形的多层材料卷绕成套筒形式、之后以沿套筒纵向延伸的不透液体的接缝(9)使各材料边缘相互密封而形成的;顶部(3)是通过将热塑料性塑料挤塑以形成软管(15)、使该软管(15)经受吹塑且被形成多个连续的顶部(3)而形成的,该顶部(3)与套筒(5)及圆筒形部分(10)相互交替地连接在一起;所述顶部(3)被分成各单独的顶部部分(3);并且壳体(2)的上端和一单个顶部(3)的下端以不透液体的方式相互连接。
2.权利要求1的方法,其特征在于,套筒(2)和顶部(3)通过在顶部的外侧和套筒的热塑性塑料内层(18)之间的热密封来相互连接。
3.权利要求1或2的方法,其特征在于,套筒(2)以及顶部、底部(3,4)均设有隔气材料层。
4.权利要求1至3中任一项的方法,其特征在于,对形成顶部(3)的软管(15)的挤塑是包括对隔气材料层的共挤塑。
5.上述权利要求中任一项或多项的方法,其特征在于,所述顶部(3)设有伴随吹塑工艺形成的与一封口装置(6)相配合的装置(7)。
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-
1997
- 1997-01-29 SE SE9700259A patent/SE513572C2/sv not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-28 CN CN97181589A patent/CN1107621C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-28 AT AT97946225T patent/ATE232815T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-28 CA CA002278094A patent/CA2278094C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-11-28 AT AT01125694T patent/ATE261375T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-28 EP EP01125694A patent/EP1197438B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-28 DE DE69728074T patent/DE69728074T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-28 US US09/341,359 patent/US6399014B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-28 DE DE69719219T patent/DE69719219T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-28 ES ES01125694T patent/ES2217074T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-28 AU AU51442/98A patent/AU732564B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-11-28 BR BR9714332A patent/BR9714332A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-28 RU RU99118770/13A patent/RU2202502C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-11-28 CN CNB02132025XA patent/CN1246098C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-28 EP EP97946225A patent/EP0963321B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1997-11-28 WO PCT/SE1997/001997 patent/WO1998032666A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1997-11-28 JP JP53188798A patent/JP4009326B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2001
- 2001-11-09 US US09/986,784 patent/US6729486B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2002
- 2002-08-20 US US10/223,481 patent/US6689307B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU5144298A (en) | 1998-08-18 |
DE69728074D1 (de) | 2004-04-15 |
SE513572C2 (sv) | 2000-10-02 |
EP0963321B1 (en) | 2003-02-19 |
ES2217074T3 (es) | 2004-11-01 |
US6689307B2 (en) | 2004-02-10 |
CA2278094C (en) | 2006-10-03 |
DE69719219D1 (de) | 2003-03-27 |
DE69728074T2 (de) | 2004-07-29 |
JP4009326B2 (ja) | 2007-11-14 |
EP1197438A1 (en) | 2002-04-17 |
BR9714332A (pt) | 2000-03-21 |
ATE232815T1 (de) | 2003-03-15 |
RU2202502C2 (ru) | 2003-04-20 |
CA2278094A1 (en) | 1998-07-30 |
DE69719219T2 (de) | 2003-07-24 |
US20020066740A1 (en) | 2002-06-06 |
US6399014B1 (en) | 2002-06-04 |
CN1245467A (zh) | 2000-02-23 |
CN1107621C (zh) | 2003-05-07 |
US6729486B2 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
ATE261375T1 (de) | 2004-03-15 |
SE9700259D0 (sv) | 1997-01-29 |
AU732564B2 (en) | 2001-04-26 |
US20020190108A1 (en) | 2002-12-19 |
EP0963321A1 (en) | 1999-12-15 |
EP1197438B1 (en) | 2004-03-10 |
SE9700259L (sv) | 1998-07-30 |
CN1246098C (zh) | 2006-03-22 |
WO1998032666A1 (en) | 1998-07-30 |
JP2001509115A (ja) | 2001-07-10 |
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