CN1489515A - 制造防渗透塑料容器的方法和设备 - Google Patents

制造防渗透塑料容器的方法和设备 Download PDF

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CN1489515A
CN1489515A CNA028042948A CN02804294A CN1489515A CN 1489515 A CN1489515 A CN 1489515A CN A028042948 A CNA028042948 A CN A028042948A CN 02804294 A CN02804294 A CN 02804294A CN 1489515 A CN1489515 A CN 1489515A
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汉斯－里夏德·基尔
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C2045/14237—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the inserts being deformed or preformed, e.g. by the injection pressure the inserts being deformed or preformed outside the mould or mould cavity
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    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C45/14467—Joining articles or parts of a single article
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    • B29C2045/14483—Joining juxtaposed parts of a single article, e.g. edges of a folded container blank overlapping edges of the juxtaposed parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
    • B29C2045/1486—Details, accessories and auxiliary operations
    • B29C2045/14901—Coating a sheet-like insert smaller than the dimensions of the adjacent mould wall
    • B29C2045/14918—Coating a sheet-like insert smaller than the dimensions of the adjacent mould wall in-mould-labelling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
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    • B29K2995/0067—Permeability to gases non-permeable
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    • Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
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    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
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    • Y10T428/1379—Contains vapor or gas barrier, polymer derived from vinyl chloride or vinylidene chloride, or polymer containing a vinyl alcohol unit
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Abstract

一种制造带有底部和侧壁部分的防渗透塑料容器的方法，包括的步骤有：a)提供一平面的防渗透膜材料，b)从该膜材料中切割出标签，该标签有与塑料容器底部一致的底部和至少一个从该底部延伸的与塑料容器的侧壁一致的侧翼，c)根据塑料容器的外表面预成形标签，从而形成重叠区域，d)在重叠区域密封膜材料，从而标签成形为膜材料体的形状，e)将标签放置到模具中，该模具具有与待制造的塑料容器的外表面一致的内表面，f)闭合模具，从而形成模腔，其厚度与塑料容器的厚度一致，g)将塑料注入模腔中制造塑料容器，由此标签一体结合到塑料材料中形成塑料容器的外表面。

Description

制造防渗透塑料容器的方法和设备
本发明涉及一种制造防渗透塑料容器的方法和一种用在本发明范围内的标签。
在制造已知的防渗透塑料容器，特别是在食品和动物食品部门中，以原有已知的方式制造的塑料容器带有内或外层防渗透材料，如铝箔，它们同时可作为印刷基片。
本发明的要解决的问题包括提供一种方法和设备来制造防渗透塑料容器，它与迄今为止现有技术相比需要的步骤更少，质量更高。
根据本发明提供的一种制造带有底部和侧壁部分的防渗透塑料容器的方法可解决该问题，该方法的步骤包括有：a)提供一个平面的防渗透膜材料，b)从膜材料中切割出标签，该标签有与塑料容器底部一致的底部和至少一个从该底部延伸的与塑料容器的侧壁一致的侧翼，c)根据塑料容器的外表面预成形标签，从而形成重叠区域，d)在重叠区域密封膜材料，其结果是将标签成形为膜材料体，e)将标签放置到模具中，该模具具有与待制造的塑料容器的外表面一致的内表面，f)闭合模具，这样形成模腔，其厚度与塑料容器的厚度一致，g)将塑料材料注入模腔中制造塑料容器，而标签一体结合到塑料材料中形成塑料容器的外表面。
在步骤d)之前、同时、或之后，标签还可以至少部分以类似深冲这样的方式变形，以此得到一个与塑料容器的外表面相符的三维曲面。
在此过程中，最好设计为标签在模具中通过注入的塑料材料至少部分以类似深冲这样的方式变形，以此得到一个与塑料容器的外表面相符的三维曲面。
标签可包括多个侧翼，并能够以类似深冲这样的方式变形，尤其是在容器的角落区域中。标签的角落区域还可倒圆角，或者待制造的塑料容器的角落区域倒圆角。
在塑料容器上(以及标签上)形成周向的密封边是有用的，该周向的密封边可带有边缘塑料卷边。
通过在制造防渗透塑料容器时使用的标签可进一步地解决本发明的问题，该标签与塑料容器的外表面一致，是从一个平面的防渗透膜材料预成形的，而该防渗透膜材料有一个与塑料容器的底部一致的底部和至少一个与塑料容器的侧壁部分一致的侧翼，膜材料有重叠区域并在此处被密封，所述标签至少部分以类似深冲这样的方式变形并具有一三维曲面。
标签可包括多个侧翼和倒圆角的角落区域，并在角落区域以类似深冲这样的方式变形。
最好设计为膜材料根据使用目的或预先确定的要求而具有防护性能，特别是在杀菌过程中，也就是在达到约130℃的温度时，提供非常重要的防渗透性能。
膜材料，例如，可以为金属或塑料膜或复合材料，它可有SiOx或EVOH涂层。
下面将结合一个可实行的实施方式并参照附图来描述本发明，其中
图1显示了一个处于闭合位置的注塑模具的剖面图，该注塑模具为根据本发明的装置的一部分；
图2显示了图1的注塑模具处于打开位置的情况，另外还显示了制造标签的情况；
图3显示了图1的注塑模具在刚刚完成注塑工序后的情况；
图4以放大比例详细显示了图3的一部分；
图5显示了根据本发明处于平面初始状态下的标签的透视图；
图6显示了图5中的标签处于完全形成并密封状态下的膜材料元件形式的透视图。
图1显示了一个穿过注塑模具的剖面，该注塑模具包括两个部分来实现本发明的方法，即阴模具1和啮合到所述阴模具1的型芯2。型芯2包括一个深入到模腔4的浇铸道3，模腔4决定了待制造的塑料容器的形状。模腔4的区域内位于阴模具和型芯之间的空间与塑料容器壁的厚度相符。模腔4可以为任意需要的基本形状，也就是说，它能够制造圆形、椭圆形或多边形的塑料容器，或者其它形状的塑料容器。
图2显示了图1的注塑模具1、2处于分开状态的情况，另外还显示了一个预制型芯5，该型芯5的任务包括容纳来自送料装置8的标签6，该标签6是从一片膜材料中切割出来并仍然大体上平整，还包括与阴模具1协同工作来将所述标签转换成与待制造的塑料容器的外表面相对应的所需形状。为此目的，预制型芯5能够在水平方向(箭头7)和垂直方向(箭头10)上移动。虽然型芯2的外表面2a和阴模具1的内表面1a协同工作来形成所述模腔4，但所述预制型芯5的外表面5a比所述外表面2a大，从而，当预制型芯和阴模具一起移动时，只会留下一个间隙，该间隙基本上等于用来产生所述标签的所述膜材料的厚度(或者近似于它的两倍厚度)，从而能够预先精确地确定所述标签的形状。所述标签不是在所述阴模具1中预制出的，而是在一个单独的预制模具(未显示)中预制出的。
图5显示了从一片平面的膜材料中切割或冲压出的标签，它有一个与待制造的塑料容器的底部一致的基部或底部15，在理论上它可成形为任何形状，如正方形、长方形、圆形、椭圆形、多边形，带圆角等等。从底部15径向向外延伸的是若干侧翼16，它们的(径向)长度与待制造的塑料容器的侧壁的一部分的高度加上水平密封或加固圈(由19表示)的宽度相等。所述侧翼的宽度(圆周方向)或分开侧翼的凹口17的尺寸是这样选择的，即使得当所述标签已经获得其三维形状(图6)后，每一个相邻侧翼16的相邻侧缘都在重叠区域27重叠起来。这保证了待制造的塑料容器的全部外表面(基部和侧壁)都以防渗透方式得到覆盖，而不会留下任何缺陷，如侧翼的相邻边的毗邻部分或注入点不整齐。
在所示的实施方式中，标签6在底部15的外部有凸起的或深冲的轮廓21围绕，它提高了待制造的塑料容器的形状的稳定性。
下面结合图2到6描述根据本发明制造防渗透塑料容器的方法的各加工步骤。预制型芯5从送料装置8(标签6堆)上移开一个上标签6，所述标签以局部真空方式紧紧固定，该局部真空通过管路23提供在与所述标签的底部相对应的所述预制型芯的底部表面上。标签稍微向上抬起并移动到左边，如图2中箭头7所示，该位置下，标签位于阴模具1上方并与后者对齐。此后，预制型芯5降低(箭头10)，标签6的侧翼16向上弯曲(箭头12)直到侧翼16的全部表面搁在阴模具1的内表面1a上。在此过程中，相邻侧翼16的相邻边在重叠区域27(图6)重叠。在所述重叠区域27，所述标签6的膜材料得到密封，如通过熔化或通过与合适的粘合剂粘合等，这可在所述阴模具1内部(如通过在所述阴模具内和/或在所述预制型芯5上相应的加热元件)实现或者预制的标签从所述阴模具1移开之后实现。
另外，根据本发明可以看出，标签至少在一些部位，如特别在基部和侧翼之间的过渡区域，应该以深冲方式变形或伸展，使得标签适合于塑料容器外表面的圆形形状。在此过程中，至少在一些区域使标签获得与塑料容器的外表面一致的三维曲面，也就是标签的膜材料能在各个方向上弯曲的曲面。以深冲方式变形的标签原则上能够在制造标签过程中任何阶段预制出来，或者从基本上平整的形状就已经进行，如图5所示，或者可替代地在通过预制型芯5成形的过程中进行。可替代地，深冲变形可能只在重叠区域27已经得到密封时发生。最后，能够提供的是，没有以深冲方式变形的标签放置在模腔中，它只能由注入的塑料来变形。
所描述的从预裁切的带径向翼的坯料制造标签的方法比从平整的预裁切的坯料通过深冲方式整体制造标签的方法有利，因为在深冲方式下翼的塑料变形的程度较小，从而可以使用较为便宜的膜材料，另外由于伸展程度小，这还将更进一步地在预制成的区域表现出更大的防渗透性能。
如图4所示，在注射步骤中，侧翼16的外边水平向外折叠，以便形成覆盖有加强卷边25的密封边19。密封边19与防渗透密封膜(盖膜)一起用来在密封塑料容器已经注满所需产品后密封塑料容器，这样允许完全地防渗透密封产品。如下事实可以有助于防渗透性，即塑料材料是通过朝向塑料容器3内部的浇铸道3输送的，这样甚至连标签的基部都无间断地制造成防渗透的。

Claims (14)

1.一种制造带有底部和侧壁部分的防渗透塑料容器的方法，包括步骤：
a)提供一平面的防渗透膜材料；
b)从该膜材料上切割出标签(6)，该标签具有与所述塑料容器的底部一致的底部(15)和至少一个从该底部延伸的与所述塑料容器的侧壁部分一致的侧翼(16)；
c)根据塑料容器的外表面预成形标签(6)，从而形成重叠区域(27)；
d)在重叠区域(27)中密封所述膜材料，从而标签成形为膜材料体的形状；
e)将标签放置到模具(1)中，该模具具有与待制造的塑料容器的外表面一致的内表面(1a)；
f)闭合该模具，从而形成模腔(4)，其厚度与塑料容器的厚度一致；以及
g)将塑料材料注入模腔(4)中制造塑料容器，由此标签(6)一体结合到塑料材料中形成该塑料容器的外表面。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：在步骤d)之前、同时、或之后，标签(6)的至少部分以类似深冲这样的方式变形以提供具有与容器外表面一致的三维曲面的标签，由此获得一个与塑料容器外表面一致的三维曲面。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：标签(6)在模具中通过注入的塑料材料至少部分以类似深冲这样的方式变形，以此获得一个与塑料容器的外表面一致的三维曲面。
4.如权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于：标签(6)包括多个侧翼(16)。
5.如上述任意一项权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于：所述标签在容器的角落区域以类似深冲这样的方式变形。
6.如权利要求5所述的方法，其特征在于：所述角落区域被倒圆角。
7.如上述任意一项权利要求所述的方法，其特征在于：在塑料容器上形成有周向的密封边(19)。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，其特征在于：所述周向的密封边(19)带有边缘塑料卷边(25)。
9.一种用于制造防渗透塑料容器的标签(6)，该标签(6)与容器的外表面一致，其由一平面的防渗透膜材料预制成形，该标签(6)具有与容器的底部一致的底部(15)和至少一个与容器的侧壁部分一致的侧翼(16)，所述膜材料具有重叠区域(27)，在该区域中其被密封，所述标签的至少部分以类似深冲这样的方式变形并具有一三维曲面。
10.如权利要求9所述的标签，其特征在于：所述标签具有多个侧翼(16)。
11.如权利要求9或10所述的标签，其特征在于：所述标签具有倒圆角的角落区域，该区域以类似深冲这样的方式变形。
12.如权利要求9到11中任意一项所述的标签，其特征在于：所述膜材料根据使用目的具有防护性能。
13.如权利要求9到12中任意一项所述的标签，其特征在于：所述膜材料为金属或塑料膜或复合材料。
14.如权利要求9到13中任意一项所述的标签，其特征在于：所述膜材料具有SiOx或EVOH涂层。
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