CN1487982A - 用作粘结促进剂的双组分聚氨酯粘合剂 - Google Patents
用作粘结促进剂的双组分聚氨酯粘合剂 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1487982A CN1487982A CNA028040880A CN02804088A CN1487982A CN 1487982 A CN1487982 A CN 1487982A CN A028040880 A CNA028040880 A CN A028040880A CN 02804088 A CN02804088 A CN 02804088A CN 1487982 A CN1487982 A CN 1487982A
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- use according
- coating
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- polyisocyanate
- organic
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Abstract
本发明涉及含溶剂的双组分聚氨酯粘合剂作为粘结促进剂的用途。所述粘合剂含有由多异氰酸酯与烷氧基硅烷的加成产物组成的硬化剂组分及能与异氰酸酯基团发生反应的涂料树脂。
Description
本发明涉及用带溶剂的双组分聚氨酯粘合剂作为粘结促进剂(Haftvermittler),它涂布在一个底基上,然后在其上再涂布一个有机或无机或有机-无机混杂涂层。
塑料是具有一系列所需性能的品种特别繁多的材料。但这类材料的缺点是,例如,它们的表面易受机械损伤或易受化学品如溶剂的侵蚀。
保护塑料表面免受这类损伤的一种方法是在塑料底基上涂布一种合适的涂料。涂料的组成主要取决于表面是否要保护更耐力学损伤、辐照、化学品作用或其它环境作用(例如污染等)。透明塑料,如聚碳酸酯,特别易受表面机械损伤。因此,已知许多涂料能特别有效地防护聚碳酸酯免受机械损伤。它们基本上是有机改性的无机涂料,通常是缩聚或紫外光固化的。实例可见诸于J.Sol-Gel Sci.Techn.1998,11,153-159,Abstr.23rd,Annual Conference in Organic Coatings,1997,271-279,EP-A 0 263 428,DE-A 29 14 427和DE-A 43 38361。
但是涂布这类无机涂料时常带来塑料与涂料之间粘结性不足的问题。尽管如此,为获得足够的粘结性,在现有技术中已描述了一系列方法。物理方法包括,例如,等离子体处理或电晕处理;适用的化学方法的一个实例是用一种粘结促进剂(底漆)。
许多粘结促进剂同时与塑料表面和涂料反应并形成(共价)化学键。在聚碳酸酯底基的情况下,要用,例如,氨基硅烷,如氨基丙基三烷氧基硅烷(如DE-A 19 858 998中所述)。在这种情况下,氨基与聚碳酸酯表面反应,以及烷氧基甲硅烷基与有机改性的含硅无机涂料反应。但是,这类N-H官能化粘结促进剂有下述缺点:由于碱性氮的作用,聚碳酸酯受严重损伤,表现在,例如,明显可见的发黄。另一个缺点是:无机-有机混杂涂料的粘结性在水中,尤其在温水中,迅速降低。涂膜变得,例如,发雾、起泡,最终涂膜完全脱层。
因此本发明的目的是要为聚合物底基上的含硅涂层提供一种粘结促进剂(底漆),它能使有机改性的含硅无机涂层与聚合物底基表面之间有良好的粘结性,且既不会导致光学性能下降,也不会遇水而不稳定。
现已发现,可以用带溶剂的双组分聚氨酯粘合剂作为粘结促进剂,所述粘合剂包含由多异氰酸酯与烷氧基硅烷的加成物组成的固化剂组分和能与异氰酸酯基发生反应的涂料树脂。这类带溶剂的双组分体系既在例如聚合物底基与无机涂料之间有很高的粘结促进作用,又有很好的耐大气老化稳定性。
例如,多异氰酸酯与氨基硅烷的加成物已是现有技术。这类湿固化的烷氧基硅烷-封端的聚氨酯用在柔软的室温固化密封剂和粘结剂组合物中(例如,US-A 5 700 868,US-A 4 625 012,US-A 4 474 933,US-A 3 979 344,DE-A 4 234 325,DE-A 2 155 259)。
此外,H.Ni等在“Polymer 41(2000),57-71页”中描述了用HDI-异氰脲酸酯与3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷的反应产物作为飞机上用的改进涂料体系。
US-A 5 854 338公开了一种可水稀释的双组分聚氨酯涂料的粘合剂组合,它由羟基-和/或氨基官能化丙烯酸酯的含水分散体和含一定比例异氰酸酯基和烷氧基甲硅烷基的固化剂组分所组成。烷氧基甲硅烷基由未改性多异氰酸酯与相应的氨基官能化烷氧基甲硅烷基化合物反应而制成。在固化剂组分中加入烷氧基甲硅烷基化合物就可能获得在硬度、耐酸性或粘结性方面都有改进性能谱的双组分聚氨酯涂料。
本发明提供包含下列组分的含溶剂双组分聚氨酯粘合剂作为粘结促进剂的应用:
1)包含至少一种有机多异氰酸酯(B)和一种烷氧基硅烷(C)的加成产物的固化剂组分(A),所述多异氰酸酯(B)的平均NCO官能度为2.5-5.0,异氰酸酯含量为8-27重量%,所述烷氧基硅烷(C)具有至少一个通式(I)的对异氰酸酯-反应性的基团:
Q-Z-SiXaY3-a (I)
其中
Q是对异氰酸酯-反应性的基团,优选OH,SH或NHR1,其中R1是一个C1-C12烷基或C6-C20芳基或是-Z-SiXaY3-a,
Z是直链或支链C1-C12亚烷基,优选直链或支链C1-C4亚烷基,
X是可水解基团,优选C1-C4烷氧基,
Y相同或不同,是C1-C4烷基,以及
a是1-3的整数,
以及
2)对异氰酸酯-反应性的涂料树脂(D)。
涂料树脂(D)中的对异氰酸酯-反应性的基团与固化剂(A)中的异氰酸酯基之比在0.5∶1-2∶1之间,优选0.7∶1-1.3∶1。
优选固化剂组分(A)中所含的多异氰酸酯(B)的平均NCO官能度为2.3-4.5,优选异氰酸酯基的含量为11.0-24.0重量%。单体二异氰酸酯的含量低于1重量%,优选低于0.5重量%。
多异氰酸酯(B)由至少一种具有脂族、脂环族、芳脂族和/或芳族连接的异氰酸酯基的有机多异氰酸酯组成。
多异氰酸酯或多异氰酸酯混合物(B)包含任何所需的多异氰酸酯,是通过简单脂族、脂环族、芳脂族和/或芳族二异氰酸酯的改性制成的,由至少两种二异氰酸酯构建的并具有脲二酮、异氰脲酸酯、脲基甲酸酯、缩二脲、亚氨基噁二嗪二酮和/或噁二嗪三酮结构,如下列文献中所述:J.Prakt.Chem.336(1994)185-200和DE-A 16 70 666,DE-A 19 54 093,DE-A 24 14 413,DE-A 24 52 532,DE-A 26 41 380,DE-A 37 00 209,DE-A 39 00 053和DE-A 39 28 503或EP-A 336 205,EP-A 339 396和EP-A 798 299。
制备这类多异氰酸酯的合适二异氰酸酯是任何能由光气法或非光气法,例如通过氨酯热裂解获得,分子量范围为140-400且具有脂族、环脂族、芳脂族和/或芳族连接的异氰酸酯基的二异氰酸酯,例如,1,4-二异氰酸根合丁烷、1,6-二异氰酸根合己烷(HDI)、2-甲基-1,5-二异氰酸根合戊烷、1,5-二异氰酸根合-2,2-二甲基戊烷、2,2,4-和/或2,4,4-三甲基-1,6-二异氰酸根合己烷、1,10-二异氰酸根合癸烷、1,3-和1,4-二异氰酸根合环己烷、1,3-和1,4-二(异氰酸根合甲基)环己烷、1-异氰酸根合-3,3,5-三甲基-5-异氰酸根合甲基环己烷(异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯,IPDI)、4,4′-二异氰酸根合二环己基-甲烷、1-异氰酸根合-1-甲基-4(3)-异氰酸根合甲基环己烷、二(异氰酸根合甲基)降冰片烷、1,3-和1,4-二(1-异氰酸根合-1-甲基乙基)苯(TMXDI)、2,4-和2,6-甲苯二异氰酸根合甲苯(TDI)、2,4′-和4,4′-二异氰酸根合二苯基甲烷(MDI)、1,5-二异氰酸根合萘或这些二异氰酸酯的任意混合物。
起始组分(B)优选是所述类的只具有脂族和/或环脂族连接的异氰酸酯基的多异氰酸酯或多异氰酸酯混合物。
尤其优选的起始组分(B)是具有基于HDI、IPDI和/或4,4′-二异氰酸根合二环己基甲烷的缩二脲或异氰脲酸酯结构的多异氰酸酯或多异氰酸酯混合物。
合适的、具有通式(I)所示对异氰酸酯基反应性的官能团的烷氧基硅烷(C)是,例如,带仲氨基或巯基的羟基甲基三(甲)乙氧基硅烷和烷氧基甲硅烷基化合物。仲氨基烷氧基硅烷的实例有N-甲基-3-氨基-丙基三(甲)乙氧基硅烷、N-苯基-3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷、双(γ-三甲氧基甲硅烷基丙基)胺、N-丁基-3-氨基-丙基三(甲)乙氧基硅烷、N-乙基-3-氨基异丁基三(甲)乙氧基硅烷或N-乙基-3-氨基异丁基甲基二(甲)乙氧基硅烷以及类似的C2-C4烷氧基硅烷。
也适用于本发明意义上的烷氧基硅烷(C)是,按照US-A 5 364 955的方法,由前述通式(I)中R1=H的氨基硅烷与通式(II)的马来酸酯或富马酸酯反应而获得的氨基官能化烷氧基甲硅烷基化合物,
其中
R2和R3相同或不同,是含1-8个碳原子的(环)烷基。
通式(II)的优选化合物是马来酸二甲酯和马来酸二乙酯。
带通式(I)所示对异氰酸酯基反应性的官能团的烷氧基硅烷(C)的另一些实例是3-巯基丙基三甲氧基硅烷和3-巯基丙基三乙氧基硅烷。
优选的烷氧基硅烷(C)是N-丁基-3-氨基丙基三(甲)乙氧基硅烷和3-巯基丙基三(甲)乙氧基硅烷。
为制备按照本发明用途中所用的固化剂(A),当然也可能使用所述通式(I)所示的烷氧基硅烷(C)的混合物。例如,可以是含相同的对异氰酸酯基反应性的官能团Q但不同的可水解基团X的烷氧基硅烷(C)的混合物。包含带不同官能团Q的通式(I)的烷氧基硅烷(C)的混合物也适用。
用烷氧基硅烷(C)对多异氰酸酯组分(B)的改性按NCO/Q之摩尔比为1∶0.01-0.75进行,优选NCO/Q之摩尔比为1∶0.05-0.4,其中Q的含义如通式(I)所示。
原则上,自然也可能让多异氰酸酯与本发明用途中所用的氨基官能化烷氧基甲硅烷基化合物(Q=NH)按更高的摩尔比或甚至完全地,即对应于NCO/Q之比为1∶1,进行反应。
适用的对异氰酸酯基反应性的涂料树脂(D)是多羟基化合物,例如,三-和/或四官能度的醇和/或常用的聚醚多元醇、聚酯多元醇、聚碳酸酯多元醇和/或聚丙烯酸酯多元醇。
原则上,也适合用作按照本发明用途中所用固化剂(A)的反应伴侣(D)的是除羟基外具有对异氰酸酯基反应性的基团的涂料粘合剂或涂料粘合剂组分。它们包括,例如,聚氨酯或聚脲,它们因分别存在于氨酯或脲基中的活泼氢原子而能与多异氰酸酯交联。适用的其它反应伴侣(D)的实例包括氨基已保护住了的多元胺,例如聚酮亚胺、聚醛亚胺或噁唑烷,它们在例如水份作用下,形成能与多异氰酸酯混合物反应的游离氨基和,在噁唑烷的情况下,游离羟基。优选的涂料树脂(D)是聚丙烯酸酯多元醇和聚酯多元醇。
在按照本发明中所用的带溶剂双组分PUR粘合剂中,多异氰酸酯组分和/或粘合剂组分一般以它们用溶剂稀释的形式使用。这些溶剂是,例如,乙酸丁酯、乙酸乙酯、1-甲氧基-2-丙基乙酸酯、甲苯、2-丁酮、二甲苯、1,4-二噁烷、二丙酮醇、N-甲基吡咯烷酮、二甲基乙酰胺、二甲基甲酰胺、二甲基亚砜或这些溶剂的任意混合物。优选的溶剂是乙酸丁酯、乙酸乙酯和二丙酮醇。
作为其它组分,如果需要,可以向按照本发明所用的含溶剂双组分PUR粘合剂中加入涂料技术中常用的助剂。常用助剂是适用于制备清漆和涂料的所有已知添加剂,如有机或无机颜料,光稳定剂,涂料添加剂如分散剂,均化剂、增稠剂,抑泡剂和其它助剂,增粘剂,杀真菌剂,杀细菌剂,稳定剂或阻聚剂,以及催化剂。当然也可加入两种或多种所述助剂。
按照本发明所用的双组分PUR粘合剂可用涂料技术中常用的涂布方法,如喷涂、浇涂、浸涂、旋涂或刮涂,涂布到底基上。
适用于本发明的底基的实例包括,聚合物底基如ABS、聚酰胺或聚氨酯;金属底基,其上可任选具有一个有机涂层;或玻璃。
按照本发明用作粘结促进剂的双组分PUR粘合剂特别适用于透明聚合物底基,例如,热塑性聚合物,如聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯基环己烷及其共聚物或聚氯乙烯或其共混物。
在已涂有按照本发明所用的粘结促进剂的底基上,可以再涂布无机涂层,例如,纯无机涂料体系或有机改性的无机涂料体系或由等离子体工艺沉积的涂层(例如,Al2O3、TiO2、SiOx、TiC等)。
所谓纯无机涂料体系是指,例如,由溶胶-凝胶法制备的那些涂料:它们由不带有机基团的单体单元组成,有机基团如果存在且形成一个理想网状结构,则可作为组分保留在网状结构中。
这类单体单元的实例是四烷氧基硅烷,如四(甲)乙氧基硅烷,或金属烷氧化物,如烷氧化铝、钛或锆。
此外,这类无机涂料体系当然还可包括无机填料颗粒,如SiO2、Al2O3或AlOOH。
所谓有机改性的无机涂料体系是指,例如,由溶胶-凝胶法形成的下述涂料:它们由带有机基团的单体单元组成,有机基团作为组分保留在形成的网状结构中。这些有机基团可以是官能化的或非官能化的。
带非官能化有机基团的单体单元包括,例如,烷基烷氧基硅烷,例如甲基三(甲)乙氧基硅烷、芳基烷氧基硅烷或苯基三(甲)乙氧基硅烷,以及碳硅烷(Carbosilan)化合物,如US-A 5 679 755、US-A 5677 410、US-A 6 005 131、US-A 5 880 305或EP-A 947 520中所述。
带官能化有机基团的单体单元包括,例如,含乙烯基、丙烯酰基或甲基丙烯酰基的烷氧基硅烷,例如乙烯基三(甲)乙氧基硅烷、丙烯酰基氧基丙基三(甲)乙氧基硅烷或甲基丙烯酰基氧基丙基三(甲)乙氧基硅烷和环氧官能化烷氧基硅烷,例如,缩水甘油基氧基丙基三(甲)乙氧基硅烷或NCO-官能化烷氧基硅烷,如3-异氰酸根合丙基三(甲)乙氧基硅烷。
用这类单体单元,尤其有可能除了存在的或形成的无机网状结构以外,构成一个交联有机聚合物体系。
但是,官能化有机基团还应理解为包括不一定参与有机交联结构的那些基团,例如,卤素、酸基、醇基或硫醇基。适用有机涂料的实例有聚氨酯体系、蜜胺树脂交联体系或醇酸树脂涂料体系。
除无机涂料外,还优选有机-无机混杂涂料。它们的特点在于它们不仅具有有机聚合物体系而且还有无机聚合物体系,两者同时存在或彼此交联在一起。
可能的有机-无机混杂涂料是,例如,其中的有机聚合物基质已通过加入无机结构单元而改性的那些涂料。无机结构单元可以是,例如,二氧化硅溶胶在水中或有机溶剂中的分散体和/或(有机官能化)烷氧基硅烷的水解产物。
如果在已涂有按照本发明所用的粘结促进剂的聚合物底基上,涂布了基于有机官能化烷氧基硅烷和/或硅氧烷的涂料体系,则可达到特高的耐磨与耐刮性以及非常好的耐溶剂性。制备这类涂料粘合剂的一种周知方法是溶胶-凝胶法,如C.J.Brinker和W.Scherer已在“Sol-Gel Science”:The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-GelProcessing,Academic Press,New York(1990)作了详尽的阐述。具有很高机械稳定性的合适溶胶-凝胶涂料是现有技术,且,例如,描述于下列文献中:US-A 4 624 870、US-A 3 986 997、US-A 4 027 073、EP-A 358 011、US-A 4 324 712、WO 98/52992、WO 94/06 807、US-A6 005 131和EP-A 947 520。具有防粘和/或防乱涂性的疏水和/或疏油的有机-无机混杂涂料描述在,例如,DE-A 41 18 184、WO 99 03 941和EP-A 967 253中。
因此能有效地保护聚合物底基免受机械损伤和/或UV光和/或污染之类的环境影响。
例如,涂有按本发明用作粘结促进剂的双组分PUR粘合剂和按照EP-A 947 520(实施例14)所述方法制备的有机改性无机涂料的聚碳酸酯板,能有效地免遭机械损伤和辐照损伤。即使经苛烈的大气老化后仍完全保留了防护作用。涂有所述涂料体系的聚碳酸酯板可暴露在沸腾的完全去离子水中数天而无明显的粘结性损失或光学变化。在UV-A试验中以1.35W/m2的强度(ASTM G 154-97,循环4)大气老化1000小时后,在不论底基或底漆或无机涂料上,均未观察到光学变化。
按照本发明所用的双组分PUR粘合剂的干燥与固化,在室温与聚合物底基软化温度之间进行。例如,对于聚碳酸酯底基,固化温度范围优选在20℃与130℃之间(Makrolon,Bayer AG,Leverkusen,或Lexan,GE Plastics,USA)或对于Apec HT(Bayer AG,Leverkusen),在20℃-160℃之间,固化时间在1min-60min之间。更优选固化温度范围,对Makrolon是100℃-130℃,对Apec HT是100℃-160℃,固化时间为30-60min。
无机涂料的涂布条件和固化条件取决于各种情况下的粘合剂体系。按照本发明所用的双组分PUR粘合剂和有机改性的无机涂料可相继涂布与固化。也能用湿-湿法涂布,然后在上述温度与时间范围内一步固化。
对于特定的涂布,只要合适,在室温下固化可能就够了。
实施例
在下列实施例中,所有的百分数都是重量百分数。
所用的涂料添加剂是,例如,BaysiloneOL 17(Bayer AG,Leverkusen),Tinuvin292(Ciba Spezialittenchemie GmbH,Lampertheim)和/或Tinuvin1130(Ciba Spezialittenchemie GmbH,Lampertheim)。
实施例1
按US-A 5 364 955实施例5的方法,通过3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷与马来酸二乙酯的等摩尔量反应,制备N-(3-三甲氧基甲硅烷基丙基)天冬氨酸二乙基酯。
实施例2
在一个标准搅拌装置中,装入180g(1当量NCO)粘度为1200mPas(23℃)、NCO平均含量为23%和NCO官能度为3.2的100%HDI异氰脲酸酯。在室温下边剧烈搅拌边滴加入17.55g(0.05mol)实施例1中的N-(3-三甲氧基甲硅烷基丙基)天冬氨酸二乙基酯,并继续搅拌该混合物1小时。所得加成物的NCO含量为20%。
实施例3-20
用与实施例2中相同的方法。表1给出了在各种情况下多异氰酸酯和烷氧基硅烷的用量。所得加成物的NCO含量以%表示。多异氰酸酯A HDI异氰脲酸酯,在乙酸丁酯中的浓度为90%,
粘度为600mPas(23℃),平均NCO含量为19.6%,
NCO官能度为3.2。多异氰酸酯B HDI缩二脲,在乙酸丁酯中的浓度为75%,粘
度为160mPas(23℃),平均NCO含量为16.5%,
NCO官能度为3.8。多异氰酸酯C IPDI异氰脲酸酯,在乙酸丁酯中的浓度为70%,
粘度为700mPas(23℃),平均NCO含量为11.8%,
NCO官能度为3.2。烷氧基硅烷1:来自实施例1中的N-(3-三甲氧基甲硅烷基丙基)
天冬氨酸二乙基酯。烷氧基硅烷2:N-丁基-3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷,(Dynasilan
1189,Degussa-Hüls AG)烷氧基硅烷3:二(三甲氧基甲硅烷基丙基)胺,(Silquet
A-1170,Wite)烷氧基硅烷4:N-甲基-3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷,(Dynasilan
1110,Degussa-Hüls AG)烷氧基硅烷5:3-巯基丙基三甲氧基硅烷,(DynasilanNTNS,
Degussa-Hüls AG)
表1:实施例3-20
实施例 | 多异氰酸酯 | 起始质量[g] | 烷氧基硅烷 | 起始质量[g] | NCO含量[%] | 备注*1 |
3 | A | 216 | 1 | 17.55 | 17.1 | --- |
4 | B | 255 | 1 | 17.55 | 14.7 | --- |
5 | C | 178 | 1 | 8.78 | 10.7 | --- |
6 | B | 50 | 1 | 0.7 | 16.1 | --- |
7 | B | 50 | 1 | 13.8 | 10.3 | --- |
8 | B | 100 | 5 | 4.7 | 14.9 | |
9 | B | 100 | 5 | 9.4 | 13.5 | |
10 | B | 100 | 5 | 18.7 | 11.1 | |
11 | B | 100 | 5 | 46.7 | 5.9 | 在RA中,60% |
12 | C | 100 | 2 | 3.29 | 10.8 | |
13 | C | 100 | 2 | 6.5 | 9.8 | |
14 | C | 100 | 2 | 13.1 | 8.3 | |
15 | C | 100 | 2 | 32.6 | 3.5 | 在BA中,60% |
16 | B | 50 | 2 | 2.3 | 14.9 | |
17 | B | 50 | 4 | 1.89 | 15.0 | |
18 | B | 100 | 3 | 6.69 | 14.7 | |
19 | C | 100 | 5 | 3.34 | 10.8 | |
20 | B | 100 | 1 | 103.23 | 1.8 | 在BA中,70% |
*1)FK:固体含量,重量%,BA:乙酸丁酯
适用于按照本发明所用的双组分PUR粘合剂的助剂与多元醇罗列在表2中。组分B1-B5可按任意顺序任意组合表2中所列的各种组分,然后在室温下混合而制成。
多元醇1:三羟甲基丙烷
多元醇2:Desmophen670(Bayer AG,Leverkusen),一种商品
含羟基低支化度聚酯,在BA中浓度为80%,羟基含量
为3.5%,酸值为2mg KOH/g,粘度为2800mPas
(23℃)。
多元醇3:Desmophen800(Bayer AG,Leverkusen),一种商品
含羟基高支化度聚酯,无溶剂,羟基含量为8.6%,酸
值为4mg KOH/g,粘度为850mPas(23℃,70%MPA)。
多元醇4:DesmophenVPLS 2249/1(Bayer AG,Leverkusen),
一种商品支化的短链聚酯,无溶剂,羟基含量为16%,
酸值为2mg KOH/g,粘度1900mPas(23℃)。
DAA:二丙酮醇
表2:多元醇与助剂(本发明)
B1 | B2 | B3 | B4 | B5 | |
多元醇(X)X=1,2,3,4 | 12.3g(1) | 15.4g(2) | 11.6g(2)3.1g(3) | 3.9g(2)9.2g(3) | 12.3g(4) |
乙酸丁酯 | 3.1g | - | 0.8g | 2.3g | 3.1g |
BaysiloneOL 17在DDA中浓度10% | 0.2g | 0.2g | 0.2g | 0.2g | 0.2g |
Tinuvin292在DDA中浓度10% | 2.0g | 2.0g | 2.0g | 2.0g | 2.0g |
Tinuvin1130在DDA中浓度10% | 2.0g | 2.0g | 2.0g | 2.0g | 2.0g |
辛酸锌在DDA中浓度10% | 0.4g | 0.4g | 0.4g | 0.4g | 0.4g |
DAA | 170.5g | 170.5g | 170.5g | 170.5g | 170.5g |
当量 | 692.0g | 6012.0g | 4835.0g | 3521.0g | 1639.0g |
按照本发明用作粘结促进剂(底漆)的双组分PUR粘合剂的制备
(实施例21-27)
将表1中的一种硅-改性多异氰酸酯与表2中的多元醇混合物B1-B5之一在室温下加到一起并混合这些组分,在所有情况下,NCO∶OH之比都是1.2∶1。按照本发明所用的双组分PUR粘合剂由此制就,随时可用。多元醇混合物B1-B5与表1中硅-改性多异氰酸酯的相应组合是可能的。表3列举了为制备按照本发明所用的双组分PUR粘合剂由表1与表2产生的所有可能的组合。
表3:按照本发明用作粘结促进剂(底漆)的双组分PUR粘合剂
实施例 | 来自下列实施例中的多异氰酸酯 | 起始质量[g] | 多元醇组分 | 起始质量[g] |
21 | 4 | 5.7 | B2 | 100 |
22 | 8 | 48.9 | B1 | 100 |
23 | 12 | 7.75 | B2 | 100 |
24 | 14 | 37.3 | B5 | 100 |
25 | 15 | 30.1 | B3 | 100 |
26 | 18 | 21 | B5 | 100 |
27 | 12 | 13.2 | B4 | 100 |
实施例28
将26.4g羟基含量为2.8%、酸值为2mg KOH/g、粘度为3500mPas(23℃)的羟基官能化聚丙烯酸酯在二甲苯中浓度为75%的溶液与0.94g Baysilone油OL 17(在二甲苯中浓度为10%)、0.35gDBTL(月桂酸二丁基锡,在二甲苯中浓度为10%)和25g二甲苯均匀混合。向该混合物中搅拌加入12.5g来自实施例4的硅-改性异氰酸酯组分。
应用实施例
现以下列实施例证明按照本发明用作粘结促进剂(底漆)的双组分PUR粘合剂的效果。
实施例29
用于疏水/疏油含硅涂料的粘结促进剂
在涂有商品粘结促进剂(Sigma Universal Primer 7417,Sigmakalan,NL)和环氧抗蚀涂料(Sigma Multiguard,Sigmakalan,NL)的钢板上,涂布按本发明用作粘结促进剂的来自实施例28的双组分PUR粘合剂,干膜厚度约15μm,涂层在室温下干燥24小时。
在粘结促进剂上涂布一种有机改性的无机涂料,其组成为64.6重量%按WO98/52992实施例2制备的乙氧基官能化硅氧烷、12.9重量%四乙氧基硅烷缩聚产物在正丁醇中的50%分散体、15.5重量%的OH含量约6%的α,ω-羟基-官能化聚二甲基硅氧烷、1.3重量%3-硫基三乙氧基硅烷和5.7重量%对甲苯磺酸在正丁醇中浓度约2%的溶液,干膜厚度约40μm,同样该涂层也在室温下干燥24小时。
所得保护性涂层表现出与聚合物底基有很好的粘结性。它对大气老化稳定并有效地保护免受污染。该涂层不被Edding的永久性标记(Edding850)润湿,24小时后所述标记能用布擦去而不留残余,无需用清洁产品辅助。
按照本发明用作粘结促进剂(底漆)的双组分PUR粘合剂在聚碳酸酯上
的粘结性
实施例30
用旋涂法将按照本发明用作粘结促进剂的表3中实施例22的双组分PUR粘合剂以约0.2μm膜厚涂布到Makrolon板上,并在130℃固化60min。然后再用旋涂法涂布厚3μm EP-A 0947 520中实施例14所述的含硅涂料并在130℃固化60min。
实施例31
方法同实施例30。但是用旋涂法涂布按照本发明用作粘结促进剂的来自表3中实施例23的双组分PUR粘合剂,膜厚约0.2μm。
对比例1
方法同实施例30和31。但用旋涂法涂布现有技术中作聚碳酸酯底漆的3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷代替按照本发明用作粘结促进剂的双给分PUR粘合剂,膜厚约0.2μm。
对比例2
方法同实施例30和31。用一种非-硅-改性多异氰酸酯作为交联剂。为此,按NCO∶OH=1.2∶1将100g表2中多元醇组分B2与7.2g IPDI异氰脲酸酯在乙酸丁酯中浓度为70%的溶液一起搅拌,所述IPDI的平均NCO含量为11.8%,NCO官能度为3.2,粘度为700mPas(23℃),并用旋涂法涂布,膜厚约0.2μm。
对比例3
方法同实施例30和31。用一种非-硅-改性多异氰酸酯作为交联剂。为此,按NCO∶OH=1.2∶1将100g表2中多元醇组分B2与5.1g HDI异氰脲酸酯在乙酸丁酯中浓度为75%的溶液一起搅拌,所述HDI异氰脲酸酯的平均NCO含量为16.5%,NCO官能度为3.8,粘度为160mPas(23℃),并用旋涂法涂布,膜厚约0.2μm。
测定按照实施例30和31以及对比例1-3涂布的Makrolon板材在试验老化前后的粘结性。为此,在每一情况下,将一块板在100℃软化水中放置8小时。另一块板在65℃软化水中放置14天。此外,在每一情况下,都要将一块板按ASTM G 154-97循环4大气老化1000小时。老化后用正交DIN EN ISO 2409法试验粘结性。老化后正交试验的结果示于表4中。
表4:大气老化后DIN EN ISO 2409正交试验
实施例30 | 实施例31 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 | 对比例3 | |
基线粘结性(老化前) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 |
在100℃软化水中放置8小时后的粘结性 | 0 | 0 | 5 | --- | 5 |
在65℃软化水中放置14天后的粘结性 | 0 | 0 | 5 | --- | 5 |
在按ASTM G 154-97循环4老化1000小时后的粘结性 | 0 | 0 | --- | --- | --- |
正交指数:
绝无分层 (0)
完全分层 (5)
未进行试验 (---)
从表4可清楚看到,按照本发明用作粘结促进剂的双组分PUR粘合剂,使有机改性的无机涂层在聚合物底基如聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯或聚氨酯上,具有良好的粘结性和优良的老化稳定性。而现有技术中聚碳酸酯的底漆,3-氨基丙基三甲氧基硅烷,在软化水中放置时,导致完全分层。基于不是按本发明改性的多异氰酸酯的粘结促进剂,与本发明的粘结促进剂相比,或者基线粘结性不足,或者耐老化/耐水性低得多。
Claims (12)
1.包含下列组分的带溶剂双组分聚氨酯粘合剂作粘结促进剂的用途:
1)包含至少一种有机多异氰酸酯(B)和一种烷氧基硅烷(C)的加成产物的固化剂组分(A),所述(B)的平均NCO官能度为2.5-5.0,异氰酸酯含量为8-27重量%,所述(C)具有至少一个通式(I)的对异氰酸酯基反应性的基团:
Q-Z-SiXaY3-a (I)
其中
Q是对异氰酸酯基反应性的基团,
Z是直链或支链C1-C12亚烷基,
X是可水解基团,优选C1-C4烷氧基,
Y相同或不同,是C1-C4烷基,以及
a是1-3的整数,
以及
2)对异氰酸酯基团反应性的涂料树脂(D)。
2.按照权利要求1的用途,其特征在于,涂料树脂(D)的对异氰酸酯基团反应性的基团与固化剂(A)的异氰酸酯基团之比在0.5∶1-2∶1之间。
3.按照权利要求1的用途,其特征在于,固化组分(A)中所含的多异氰酸酯(B)的平均NCO官能度为2.3-4.5以及异氰酸酯基含量为11.0-24.0重量%。
4.按照权利要求1的用途,其特征在于,有机多异氰酸酯(B)是指只具有脂肪族和/或脂环族连接的异氰酸酯基团的多异氰酸酯或多异氰酸酯混合物。
5.按照权利要求1的用途,其特征在于,有机多异氰酸酯(B)是指具有基于HDI、IPDI和/或4,4′-二异氰酸根合二环己基甲烷的缩二脲或异氰脲酸酯结构的多异氰酸酯或多异氰酸酯的混合物。
6.按照权利要求1的用途,其特征在于,有机多异氰酸酯(B)与烷氧基硅烷(C)按NCO/Q的摩尔比为1∶0.01-0.75进行反应,Q具有如通式(I)所述的含义。
7.按照权利要求1的用途,其特征在于,烷氧基硅烷(C)是通式(I)的化合物
Q-Z-SiXaY3-a (I)
其中,
Q是OH、SH或NHR1,其中R1是C1-C12烷基或C6-C20芳基或是-Z-SiXaY3-a,
Z是直链或支链C1-C4亚烷基,
X是C1-C4烷氧基,
Y相同或不同,是C1-C4烷基,以及
a是1-3的整数。
8.按照权利要求1的用途,其特征在于,将粘结促进剂涂布在底基上,然后又涂布上一层涂料。
9.按照权利要求8的用途,其特征在于,所述底基选自聚合物底基、金属底基或玻璃底基。
10.按照权利要求9的用途,其特征在于,聚合物底基选自聚碳酸酯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚苯乙烯、聚乙烯基环己烷及其共聚物、聚氯乙烯或其共混物。
11.按照权利要求8的用途,其特征在于,涂料选自无机涂料、有机涂料或无机-有机混杂涂料。
12.按照权利要求11的用途,其特征在于,无机涂料是含硅涂料。
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DE10103027.4 | 2001-01-24 | ||
DE10103027A DE10103027A1 (de) | 2001-01-24 | 2001-01-24 | Zweikomponenten-Polyurethan-Bindemittel als Haftvermittler |
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DE (1) | DE10103027A1 (zh) |
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HU (1) | HUP0302795A3 (zh) |
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WO2008003191A1 (en) * | 2006-06-26 | 2008-01-10 | Shanghai Phichem Corporation | Radiation curable adhesion promoter |
CN102076796B (zh) * | 2008-06-25 | 2013-12-25 | 巴斯夫涂料有限公司 | 基于多异氰酸酯的部分硅烷化的化合物作为交联剂在涂料组合物中的用途以及含有所述化合物的涂料组合物 |
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CN109843954B (zh) * | 2016-08-08 | 2022-08-12 | 博斯蒂克股份公司 | 合成甲硅烷基化聚氨酯的方法和甲硅烷基化聚氨酯的组合物 |
US11780952B2 (en) | 2016-08-08 | 2023-10-10 | Bostik Sa | Process for the synthesis of silylated polyurethanes and silylated polyurethane composition |
CN112204063A (zh) * | 2018-04-30 | 2021-01-08 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | 基于异氰酸酯封端的硅烷的双组分粘合剂组合物及制造其的方法 |
CN112204063B (zh) * | 2018-04-30 | 2022-12-09 | 陶氏环球技术有限责任公司 | 基于异氰酸酯封端的硅烷的双组分粘合剂组合物及制造其的方法 |
CN114026184A (zh) * | 2019-07-03 | 2022-02-08 | 科思创知识产权两合公司 | 耐受性2k-pur涂层 |
CN114479626A (zh) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-05-13 | 陈培坤 | 一种涂料组合物 |
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WO2002059224A1 (de) | 2002-08-01 |
HUP0302795A3 (en) | 2012-09-28 |
KR20040030494A (ko) | 2004-04-09 |
HUP0302795A2 (hu) | 2003-11-28 |
EP1356004A1 (de) | 2003-10-29 |
DE10103027A1 (de) | 2002-07-25 |
CZ20032033A3 (cs) | 2003-10-15 |
CA2435430C (en) | 2011-12-13 |
US6756464B2 (en) | 2004-06-29 |
CA2435430A1 (en) | 2002-08-01 |
CN1243808C (zh) | 2006-03-01 |
JP2004525213A (ja) | 2004-08-19 |
PL205153B1 (pl) | 2010-03-31 |
MXPA03006536A (es) | 2004-06-25 |
HK1064697A1 (en) | 2005-02-04 |
PL361766A1 (en) | 2004-10-04 |
US20020142169A1 (en) | 2002-10-03 |
SK9182003A3 (en) | 2003-11-04 |
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