CN1451012A - N-保护的-3-吡咯烷-内酰胺取代的鏻盐的制备 - Google Patents
N-保护的-3-吡咯烷-内酰胺取代的鏻盐的制备 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1451012A CN1451012A CN01814169A CN01814169A CN1451012A CN 1451012 A CN1451012 A CN 1451012A CN 01814169 A CN01814169 A CN 01814169A CN 01814169 A CN01814169 A CN 01814169A CN 1451012 A CN1451012 A CN 1451012A
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- bipyrrolidine
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical class 0.000 title claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Chemical group BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical group [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 125000001309 chloro group Chemical group Cl* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910052740 iodine Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011630 iodine Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 46
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 45
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethyl ester of formic acid Natural products O=COCC1=CC=CC=C1 UYWQUFXKFGHYNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000001584 benzyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group C(=O)(OCC1=CC=CC=C1)* 0.000 claims description 12
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- QGRRJTQMMXJUNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pyrrolidin-1-ylpyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCCN1N1CCCC1 QGRRJTQMMXJUNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000005931 tert-butyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(OC(*)=O)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylphosphine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1P(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 RIOQSEWOXXDEQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- QSSXJPIWXQTSIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromo-2-methylbenzene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1Br QSSXJPIWXQTSIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003849 aromatic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- MFPWEWYKQYMWRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl carboxy carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)OC(O)=O MFPWEWYKQYMWRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- SBMSLRMNBSMKQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-1-amine Chemical class NN1CCCC1 SBMSLRMNBSMKQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001246 bromo group Chemical group Br* 0.000 claims 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 229940124587 cephalosporin Drugs 0.000 abstract 1
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 37
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 33
- -1 triphenyl-phosphonium halide compound Chemical class 0.000 description 29
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 8
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 7
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IVSZLXZYQVIEFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N m-xylene Chemical group CC1=CC=CC(C)=C1 IVSZLXZYQVIEFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydroxide Substances [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl tert-butyl ether Chemical compound COC(C)(C)C BZLVMXJERCGZMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 4
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 150000001507 asparagine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloromethane Chemical compound ClC NEHMKBQYUWJMIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000005982 diphenylmethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])(*)C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
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- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Para-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)C=C1 URLKBWYHVLBVBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
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- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium docusate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)CC(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC APSBXTVYXVQYAB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- NBKZGRPRTQELKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxymethanone Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O[C]=O NBKZGRPRTQELKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RIAKTZDASLHEIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C)OC(N(CC1)CC1N(CCC1)C1=O)=O Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(N(CC1)CC1N(CCC1)C1=O)=O RIAKTZDASLHEIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XJUZRXYOEPSWMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloromethyl methyl ether Chemical compound COCCl XJUZRXYOEPSWMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FXXACINHVKSMDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetyl bromide Chemical compound CC(Br)=O FXXACINHVKSMDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
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- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- SHFJWMWCIHQNCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydron;tetrabutylazanium;sulfate Chemical compound OS([O-])(=O)=O.CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC SHFJWMWCIHQNCP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
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- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical group II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 125000004044 trifluoroacetyl group Chemical group FC(C(=O)*)(F)F 0.000 description 2
- JBWKIWSBJXDJDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylmethyl chloride Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C=1C=CC=CC=1)(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 JBWKIWSBJXDJDT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- HFZLSTDPRQSZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-pyrrolidin-3-ylpyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCCN1C1CNCC1 HFZLSTDPRQSZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMXVIRCAGMRKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dibromobutanoyl bromide Chemical compound BrCCC(Br)C(Br)=O DMXVIRCAGMRKKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DZAHXNNEQCZPGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCOC(OC)=O.COC(O)=O Chemical compound CCCCOC(OC)=O.COC(O)=O DZAHXNNEQCZPGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000124209 Crocus sativus Species 0.000 description 1
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SAHIZENKTPRYSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [2-[3-(phenoxymethyl)phenoxy]-6-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-4-yl]methanamine Chemical compound O(C1=CC=CC=C1)CC=1C=C(OC2=NC(=CC(=C2)CN)C(F)(F)F)C=CC=1 SAHIZENKTPRYSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002451 electron ionisation mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorosulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(F)(=O)=O UQSQSQZYBQSBJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000012038 nucleophile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003261 o-tolyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C(*)=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 1
- CFHIDWOYWUOIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxomethyl Chemical compound O=[CH] CFHIDWOYWUOIHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000951 phenoxy group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(O*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003822 preparative gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004742 propyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium bromide Chemical class [Na+].[Br-] JHJLBTNAGRQEKS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RUPAXCPQAAOIPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl formate Chemical group CC(C)(C)OC=O RUPAXCPQAAOIPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ILMRJRBKQSSXGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl(dimethyl)silicon Chemical group C[Si](C)C(C)(C)C ILMRJRBKQSSXGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHRNULOCNSKMGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran thf Chemical compound C1CCOC1.C1CCOC1 WHRNULOCNSKMGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tfa trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F.OC(=O)C(F)(F)F WROMPOXWARCANT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C07D207/18—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member
- C07D207/22—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having one double bond between ring members or between a ring member and a non-ring member with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
- C07D207/24—Oxygen or sulfur atoms
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- C07D207/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D207/10—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having no double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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- C07D207/30—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D207/34—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings not condensed with other rings, with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom with only hydrogen or carbon atoms directly attached to the ring nitrogen atom having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with hetero atoms or with carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals, directly attached to ring carbon atoms
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种制备式I的联吡咯烷基化合物的方法,其中*表示具有(R)或(S)构型的不对称中心,X表示氯、溴或碘。式I的化合物是生产对于化学和药物工业有用的产品的重要构成部分。特别是,它们用于生产抗菌物质,例如乙烯基吡咯烷酮-头孢菌素衍生物。
Description
式I的化合物在EP-A0849269中已公开,可以通过多步合成来获得,其中使相应的受烯丙氧基羰基(ALLOC)保护的[1,3’]-联吡咯烷基-2-氧代衍生物脱除烯丙氧基羰基保护基并与叔丁氧基羰基结构部分进行保护反应,得到式I的受叔丁氧基羰基(BOC)保护的[1,3’]-联吡咯烷基-2-氧代化合物。
已经发现,式I的化合物可以通过本发明的改进并简化的方法来制备。制备式I的(1’-叔丁氧基羰基-2-氧代-[1,3’]-联吡咯烷基-3-(R,S)-基)-三苯基-卤化鏻化合物的新方法包括:其中*表示具有(R)或(S)构型的不对称中心,X表示氯、溴或碘,步骤1)使式II的N-苄基-3-吡咯烷胺
其中*如上所定义,与式X(CH2)2CH(X)COX的化合物反应,其中X独立地是氯、溴或碘;和然后在碱存在下进行环化,得到式III的化合物,
其中*和X如上所定义;步骤2)使式III的化合物与三苯基膦反应,得到式IV的鏻盐
其中*和X如上所定义;和步骤3)使式IV的鏻盐与二碳酸二叔丁酯在氢化条件下反应,得到式I的化合物。
令人惊奇的是,已经发现式II的N-苄基-3-吡咯烷胺经过上述反应顺序,得到式I的化合物,尽管预期到中间体III的不稳定性。相应的受t-BOC和Alloc保护的式II原料的衍生物不能通过所述方法得到。
在本申请给出的化合物的结构式中,楔形键
表示位于纸平面以上的取代基。
本发明的化合物显示立体异构现象,可以是任何立体异构体。本发明的具有一个不对称碳原子的化合物可以作为立体异构体的能溶解的外消旋混合物,在本发明方法的适宜步骤中,通过本领域公知的获得给定立体异构体或具有所需立体构型的纯对映体的方法而获得。或者,所需的异构体可以直接通过本领域公知的方法合成。
在本发明化合物中的不对称碳原子表示为“*”。表示为“*”的不对称碳原子的立体构型可以根据其所代表的特定立体异构体来表示。本发明的化合物包括这样的化合物,其中表示为“*”的碳原子具有S、R或R,S-构型,优选R-构型。
术语“卤素”表示氯、溴和碘,更优选氯或溴,最优选的卤素是溴。
本发明的化合物如反应路线1所示来制备。
反应路线1:
其中*和X如上所定义。
在反应的第一步中,式II的化合物与1-4当量、优选1-2当量的X(CH2)2CH(X)COX(其中X独立地是氯或溴或碘,优选溴(其制备如下所示))在碱例如Na3PO4、K2CO3、Na2CO3、KOH或NaOH、优选Na3PO4以及适宜的溶剂存在下偶合。适宜的溶剂是极性非质子溶剂例如乙腈(CH3CN)、二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、二甲基乙酰胺或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),优选CH3CN。该反应在约-20℃至约30℃的反应温度下进行,优选反应温度为约-10℃至约10℃。然后,环化反应在中间偶合产物存在下进行,得到式III的化合物。环化反应在1-3当量、优选2-2.5当量的碱例如K2CO3、Na2CO3、KOH或NaOH、优选NaOH水溶液存在下进行,反应温度为约-10℃至约50℃,优选约10℃至约30℃。
其中X独立地为氯或溴或碘的式X(CH2)2CH(X)COX化合物可从商业获得或根据教科书公开的方法合成。例如其中X为氯的式X(CH2)2CH(X)COX化合物根据Mathew,K.K.等人的Indian J.Chem.,Sect.B(1981),20B(4),340-2页所述制备。其中X为溴的X(CH2)2CH(X)COX化合物根据Marinelli,E.R等人的Tetrahedron(1996),52(34),11177-11214所述制备。其中X为碘的式X(CH2)2CH(X)COX化合物通过使三溴化物(X=Br)与NaI在CH3CN中反应而获得。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,式IIIa的化合物根据上述反应的第一步形成。式IIIa的化合物是新的,所以是本发明的一部分。
在本方法的第二步中,式III的化合物与1-5当量、优选2-4当量的三苯基膦反应,得到式IV的鏻盐。该反应在芳族溶剂例如甲苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯、对二甲苯或苯、优选甲苯中进行,反应温度为约20-180℃,优选约80-140℃。在本发明的优选实施方案中,式IVa的化合物根据上述反应的第二步形成。式IVa的化合物是新的,所以是本发明的一部分。
在本方法的第三步中,式IV的鏻盐与1-5当量、优选2-4当量的二碳酸二叔丁酯(可从Fluka购得)在氢化条件下在催化剂例如Pd/C(可从Degussa购得)、优选在活性碳上的10%Pd存在下反应,得到式I的化合物。该反应在醇溶剂例如甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇、优选甲醇中进行,反应温度为约10-100℃,优选约40-80℃。
在本发明的优选实施方案中,对于其中*表示具有(R)构型的不对称中心且X为氯或溴、优选溴的化合物进行步骤1-3。
在本发明方法中用作原料的式II化合物根据反应步骤a→b→c如反应路线2所示制备。式II化合物的制备也是本发明的一部分。
其中R1是烷基,R2是氨基保护基团和*如上所定义。
在本发明描述中已经提到和将要提到的术语如下定义:
所用的术语“烷基”表示任选被取代的含1-12个碳原子的直链或支链烃残基,例如甲基、乙基、丙基、异丙基、正丁基、异丁基、叔丁基、戊基、己基、庚基、辛基、壬基、癸基、十一烷基、十二烷基及其异构体。
R1中的烷基优选是未取代的含1-4个碳原子的直链或支链烃残基,更优选甲基或乙基,最优选甲基。
所用的术语“氨基保护基团”表示例如在肽化学中所用的基团,例如烯丙氧基羰基(ALLOC),低级烷氧基羰基例如叔丁氧基羰基(t-BOC)等,取代的低级烷氧基羰基例如三氯乙氧基羰基,任选被取代的芳氧基羰基例如对-硝基苄氧基羰基或苄氧基羰基(Z),芳基烷基例如三苯甲基、二苯甲基或苄基,烷酰基例如甲酰基、乙酰基或苯甲酰基,卤素-烷酰基例如三氟乙酰基,或甲硅烷基保护基团例如叔丁基二甲基甲硅烷基。
优选的氨基保护基团是苄氧基羰基、叔丁氧基羰基或烯丙氧基羰基。
对于R2特别优选的氨基保护基团是苄氧基羰基。
术语“低级烷氧基”表示通过氧原子键接的上述烷基。例子是甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、叔丁氧基等。
所用的术语“芳基”表示任选被取代的苯基基团(Ph),其中一个或多个芳基氢原子可以被一个或多个苯基、烷基、低级烷氧基、卤代烷氧基、卤原子或硝基取代。例子是苯基、邻甲苯基、间-甲苯基、对-甲苯基、邻-甲氧基苯基、间-甲氧基苯基、对-甲氧基苯基、邻-三氟甲基苯基、间-三氟甲基苯基、对-三氟甲基苯基、邻-三氯甲基苯基、间-三氯甲基苯基、对-三氯甲基苯基、对-氟苯基、对-氯苯基、对-溴苯基、对-硝基苯基。
术语“芳氧基”表示通过氧原子键接的上述芳基。例子是苯氧基、苄氧基等。
术语“低级烷氧基羰基”表示所定义的低级烷氧基残基附着在羰基(-C(=O))上。例子是甲氧基羰基、乙氧基羰基、丙氧基羰基、叔丁氧基羰基等。
术语“芳氧基羰基”表示所定义的芳氧基残基附着在羰基(-C(=O))上。例子是苯氧基羰基和苄氧基羰基。
所用的术语“芳基烷基”表示烃基,其中一个或多个烷基氢原子被上述定义的芳基取代。例子是三苯甲基、二苯甲基或苄基。
所用的术语“羟基保护基团”表示烷基、环烷基或芳基烷基。优选的羟基保护基团是芳基烷基,特别优选的是三苯甲基。
术语“羧酸保护基团”包括通常用于代替羧基的质子的保护基团。这些基团的例子描述在Green T.Protective Groups in Organic Synthesis,第5章,John Wiley and Sons Inc.(1981),152-192页中。这些保护基团的例子是:二苯甲基、叔丁基、对-硝基苄基、对-甲氧基苄基、甲氧基甲基等。二苯甲基是优选的羧酸保护基团。
所用的术语“环烷基”表示3-6元饱和碳环部分,例如环丙基、环丁基、环戊基或环己基,优选是环己基。
其中*和R2如上所定义。
适用于环化反应的溶剂是醚类,例如四氢呋喃、二乙醚、二噁烷或上述溶剂的混合物,优选四氢呋喃。然后,在本发明的优选实施方案中,式A的中间体与可从商业获得的苄基溴在适宜的溶剂存在下反应,得到式VI的3-氨基保护的苄基-2,5-二氧代-吡咯烷。适宜的溶剂是极性非质子溶剂,例如二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、二甲基乙酰胺或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),优选DMF。该反应在约0-50℃的温度下进行,优选约10-40℃。
在本发明的另一实施方案中,式A的中间体与可从商业获得的对-甲氧基苄基溴、3,4-二甲氧基苄基溴、三苯甲基氯、甲氧基甲基氯或烯丙基溴在上述反应条件下反应或者根据有机化学教科书(例如J.March(1992),《高等有机化学:反应、机理和结构》(“Advanced Organic Chemistry:Reactions,Mechanisms,and Structure”,第4版,John Wiley & Sons)公开的方法反应,得到相应的式VI的1-N-取代的3-氨基保护的-2,5-二氧代-吡咯烷。
反应步骤(a)可以任选通过两步法进行。首先,式V的天冬酰胺衍生物用0.5-2.0当量、优选1.0-1.5当量的碱例如NaH、NaOH或KOH、优选NaH在适宜的溶剂中处理,得到式A的环状化合物。适用于第一步的溶剂是醚类,例如四氢呋喃、二乙醚、二噁烷或上述溶剂的混合物,优选四氢呋喃。该反应在约-10℃至约30℃的温度下进行,优选从0℃开始;在反应期间,温度升高到室温。在反应后,将反应混合物酸化到3.0-5.0、优选3.5-4.5的pH,然后蒸发有机溶剂。第二步,式A的化合物用碱例如NaH、NaOH或KOH、优选NaH在醚类例如四氢呋喃、二乙醚、二噁烷或上述溶剂的混合物、优选四氢呋喃中处理。
然后,在本发明的优选实施方案中,该混合物与可从商业获得的苄基溴在适宜的溶剂存在下反应,得到式VI的3-氨基保护的苄基-2,5-二氧代-吡咯烷。适用于该反应的溶剂是极性非质子溶剂,例如二甲基亚砜(DMSO)、二甲基乙酰胺或N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF),优选DMF。该反应在约-10℃至约30℃的温度下进行,优选从0℃开始;在反应期间,反应温度升高到室温。在反应后,按照公知的方法对产物进行处理,例如用水淬灭和用芳族有机溶剂例如甲苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯、对二甲苯或苯、优选甲苯萃取,用无水硫酸镁、硫酸钠、氯化钙、优选硫酸镁干燥,最后蒸发有机溶剂。
在本发明的另一实施方案中,该混合物与可从商业获得的对-甲氧基苄基溴、3,4-二甲氧基苄基溴、三苯甲基氯、甲氧基甲基氯或烯丙基溴在上述反应条件下反应或者根据有机化学教科书(例如J.March(1992),《高等有机化学:反应、机理和结构》,第4版,John Wiley & Sons)公开的方法反应,得到相应的式VI的1-N-取代的3-氨基保护的-2,5-二氧代-吡咯烷。
式V的天冬酰胺衍生物可从商业获得,或可以根据有机化学教科书(例如J.March(1992),《高等有机化学:反应、机理和结构》,第4版,JohnWiley & Sons)公开的方法合成,例如由游离氨基官能团的D-或L-天冬酰胺(Fluka)保护开始,然后酯化,得到相应的式V的天冬酰胺衍生物。
通过两步法进行步骤(a)的反应的优点是以高产率获得式VI的化合物。两步法也是本发明的一部分。
在本方法的步骤(b)中,式VI的化合物的氨基保护基团(R2)在下述条件下脱除。对于R2优选的氨基保护基团是苄氧基羰基、叔丁氧基羰基或烯丙氧基羰基,最优选苄氧基羰基。作为氨基保护基团的苄氧基羰基例如在氢化条件下在催化剂例如Pd/C(可从Degussa购得)、优选在活性碳上的10%Pd存在下脱除。脱保护反应在乙酸、三氟乙酸、含乙醇的HCl、甲磺酸或氟代磺酸的存在下进行,得到相应的式VII的氨基盐,其比游离碱更稳定,所以储存时不会降解。在优选的实施方案中,乙酸用于制备式VII的乙酸盐。该反应在约10-50℃的温度下进行,优选约20-40℃。
根据氨基保护基团,脱保护如下所述进行:
氨基保护基团可以通过例如含水甲酸、三氟乙酸的酸解来断裂(例如叔丁氧基羰基或三苯甲基),或通过碱解来断裂(例如三氟乙酰基)。其它氨基保护基团可以通过肼解来断裂(例如邻苯二甲酰氨基)。烯丙氧基羰基可以通过Pd催化转移成亲核物质来断裂。氯乙酰基、溴乙酰基和碘乙酰基通过用硫脲处理来断裂。
可通过酸解断裂的氨基保护基团优选在可以被卤化的低级链烷羧酸的协助下脱除。特别使用甲酸或三氟乙酸。该反应在酸中或在共溶剂例如卤代低级烷烃例如二氯甲烷存在下进行。酸解通常在室温下进行,尽管可以在稍高或稍低的温度下进行(例如约-30至40℃的温度)。可在碱性条件下断裂的保护基团通常用稀的苛性碱水溶液在0-30℃下水解。氯乙酰基、溴乙酰基和碘乙酰基保护基团可以用硫脲在酸性、中性或碱性介质中于约0-30℃下断裂。
在本发明方法的步骤(c)中,式VII的氨基盐化合物用碱例如NaOH、KOH、Na2CO3或K2CO3、优选NaOH在水溶液中在卤代烃例如一氯甲烷或二氯甲烷、优选二氯甲烷存在下处理,从而将pH调节到7.0-9.0,优选7.5-8.5,脱除酸,得到式VII的无酸的中间体化合物。该中间体然后用卤代烃例如一氯甲烷或二氯甲烷、优选二氯甲烷萃取处理,然后蒸发有机溶剂。随后,将无酸的式VII衍生物用还原剂例如Vitride、NaBH4、LiBH4、LiAlH4、BH3·THF、优选用Vitride还原,得到式II的氨基吡咯烷。还原剂可以从Aldrich或Fluka获得。该反应在芳族溶剂例如甲苯、邻二甲苯、间二甲苯、对二甲苯或苯中、优选在甲苯中进行,反应温度为约-10℃至约100℃,优选从0℃开始;在反应期间,温度升高到80℃。然后,将混合物冷却到约-20℃至约20℃之间的温度,优选冷却到约-10℃至约10℃之间的温度,并用碱例如氢氧化钠在水溶液中处理。
在本发明方法的优选实施方案中,对于其中*表示具有(R)构型的不对称中心且R1为甲基或乙基、优选甲基和R2为苄氧基羰基、叔丁氧基羰基或烯丙氧基羰基、优选苄氧基羰基以及X为氯或溴、优选溴的化合物进行步骤a-c。
式I-VII的化合物是生产对于化学和药物工业有用的产品的重要构成部分。特别是,它们用于生产抗菌物质,例如乙烯基吡咯烷酮-头孢菌素衍生物,如EP-A0849269中所述。优选式I-VII的化合物是用于生产式VIII的化合物,其中R3是羟基保护基团,R4是羧酸保护基团,*如上所定义,R5是氨基保护基团,优选叔丁氧基羰基,或式B的基团,其中R6优选是未取代的含1-4个碳原子的直链或支链烷基,更优选甲基、乙基或异丙基,最优选甲基。
式VIII化合物的制备方法描述在EP-A0849269中。
在以下实施例中所用的缩写具有以下含义:
ISP-MS 离子喷雾正性质谱法
EI-MS 电子冲击质谱法
GC 气相色谱法
SFC 超临界流体色谱法
NMR 核磁共振光谱法
IR 红外光谱法
TLC 薄层色谱法
HPLC 高分辨率液相色谱法
HV 高度真空
FID 火焰离子化检测器
THF 四氢呋喃
DMF N,N-二甲基甲酰胺
DMSO 二甲基亚砜
TBME 叔丁基甲基醚
TFA 三氟乙酸
TBAHS 四丁基硫酸氢铵
min 分钟
h 小时
rt 室温
实施例1
(R)-(1-苄基-2,5-二氧代-吡咯烷-3-基)氨基甲酸苄基酯的制备
1.1(一步法):1.12克60%NaH的75毫升THF悬浮液用7.50克Z-(D)-天冬酰胺甲基酯(99.9%(R)-异构体)(根据J.Liq.Chromatogr.(1994),17(13),2759页合成或例如由D-天冬酰胺(Fluka)合成),并用苄氧基羰基保护游离氨基官能团,随后酯化成相应的式I的甲基酯天冬酰胺衍生物;该反应根据有机化学教科书(例如J.March(1992),“AdvancedOrganic Chemistry:Reactions,Mechanisms,and Structure”,第4版,John Wiley & Sons)公开的方法在室温下进行5分钟。20分钟后,加入3.57毫升苄基溴(从Fluka获得),然后加入120毫升THF。3小时后,转化完全(由HPLC表示)。该反应用150毫升水终止,并用120毫升甲苯萃取三次。有机层用水洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,过滤,滤液,将滤液蒸发至干。残余物用100毫升TBME滴定,所得的悬浮液经过过滤和干燥(35℃/10毫巴),得到8.13克(90%)的(R)-(1-苄基-2,5-二氧代-吡咯烷-3-基)氨基甲酸苄基酯,是白色晶体:m.p.143.3-144.5℃。光学纯的物质可以从二氯甲烷/正己烷中结晶获得,回收72%;m.p.145.9-146.7℃;99.9%(R)-异构体。
1.2.1(两步法;第一步):856毫克60%NaH的50毫升THF悬浮液于0℃用5.0克Z-(D)-天冬酰胺甲基酯3(99.9%(R)-异构体)处理,于室温搅拌90分钟,同时TLC指示原料的完全消耗。用6.0毫升AcOH将反应混合物酸化至pH4,蒸馏出THF。剩余的含水层用20毫升TBME萃取三次,组合的有机相用20毫升盐水洗涤,用MgSO4干燥,浓缩得到4.66克白色粘性固态(105%含有约5%重量的AcOH)的(R)-(2,5-二氧代-吡咯烷-3-基)氨基甲酸苄基酯,是一种白色粘性固体,将其直接用于下述第二步(实施例1.2.2)。在EtOAc/正己烷中纯化得到3.47克(75%)的(R)-(2,5-二氧代-吡咯烷-3-基)氨基甲酸苄基酯,是一种白色晶体,m.p.117.2-117.8℃。
1.2.2(两步法;第二步):48.4毫克60%NaH的3毫升THF悬浮液于0℃用300毫克(R)-(2,5-二氧代-吡咯烷-3-基)氨基甲酸苄基酯处理,然后用161.3微升苄基溴处理。30分钟后,所得的沉淀物加温到室温,用3毫升DMF处理,15分钟后得到溶液,将其在室温下搅拌16小时,然后用60毫升水终止,用40毫升甲苯萃取。组合的有机层用MgSO4干燥,浓缩得到409毫克(74%)的(R)-(2,5-二氧代-吡咯烷-3-基)氨基甲酸苄基酯,是一种白色晶体,m.p.145.1-145.5℃。两个工艺步骤的总收率是78%。
实施例2
3-(R)-氨基-1-苄基-吡咯烷-2,5-二2酮乙酸(1∶2)的制备
7.80克(R)-(1-苄基-2,5-二氧代-吡咯烷-3-基)氨基甲酸苄基酯(93%(R)-异构体)的160毫升乙酸溶液用7.80克10%Pd/C(从Degussa获得;1835),并于30℃氢化20分钟,同时TLC和HPLC指示反应完成。反应混合物经过过滤、蒸发,残余物从EtOAc和正己烷中结晶,得到5.80克(78%)的3-(R)-氨基-1-苄基-吡咯烷-2,5-二酮乙酸(1∶2),是白色晶体;HPLC(100%):HP1050,nucleosil100-5C18柱,CH3CN,H2O,TFA体系,用TBAHS缓冲;GC(99.8%作为游离胺):J and W,DB-1,15mx0.32mm,载体气体He,程序:50-320℃(5℃/分钟);注射温度250℃;FID:320℃;91%(R)-异构体,用GC(BGB-177)相对于三氟乙酰胺分析:15mx0.25mm,载体气体:He;程序:150-200℃(1℃/分钟);注射温度210℃;FID:220℃;
NMR(CDCl3,400MHz;1.6eq AcOH)7.32(m,5H,H-ar),5.64(bs,4H,NH),4.65(s,2H,PhCH2O,3.92(dd,J=5.4和7.8,1H,NCH),3.05(dd,J=7.8和18,COCH2,1H),2.50(dd,J=18和5.4,COCH2,1H),2.08(s,2x CH3CO2,6H).
实施例3
(R)-1-(苯基甲基)-3-吡咯烷胺的制备
将10.87克3-(R)-氨基-1-苄基-吡咯烷-2,5-二酮乙酸(1∶2)的100毫升水溶液用100毫升二氯甲烷处理,然后于室温用67.60毫升1N NaOH调节PH为8.0。用NaCl饱和后,混合物用100毫升二氯甲烷萃取七次,用MgSO4干燥,在35℃/10毫巴下蒸发,得到6.32克(97%)的NMR清洁游离碱,是浅黄色固体。
NMR(CDCl3,250MHz):
7.30(m,5H,H-ar),4.64(s,2H,PhCH2),3.88(dd,J=5和7.5,1H,NCH),3.04(dd,J=7.5
和17.5,1H,COCH2),2.43(dd,J=5和17.5,1H,COCH2).
将5.90克该黄色油于0℃用33毫升3.5M Vitride的甲苯溶液处理20分钟,所得的橘黄色溶液加热到80℃30分钟(MS指示反应的完全),冷却到℃,用80毫升1N NaOH溶液处理。各相分离,含水相用其它两份15毫升甲苯萃取。组合的有机相用76毫升1N NaOH、70毫升盐水洗涤,干燥并蒸发,得到4.42克(87%)的(R)-1-(苯基甲基)-3-吡咯烷胺,是一种浅褐色油。GC(97%,J and W,DB-1,条件如实施例2所述;93%的(R)-异构体,通过GC相对于三氟乙酰胺分析:(BGB-177),条件如实施例2所述;MS(离子喷雾):
177.1(M+H+);1H-NMR(CDCl3,250MHz):7.28(m,5H,H-ar),3.63和3.56(2xd,J=12.5,2H,PhCH2N),2.69(m,2H,NCH2CHNH2和NCH2CH2CHNH2),2.44(m,1H,NCH2CH2CHNH2),2.24(dd,J=4.5和9.5,1H,NCH2CHNH2),2.15(m,1H,NCH2CH2CHNH2),1.45(bm,3H,NH2和NCH2CH2CHNH2);IR(Film):(NH)3357(m),(NCH)2789(s).
实施例4
(R)-(1’-苄基-3-溴-[1,3’]联吡咯烷基-2-酮)的制备
将5.0克(R)-1-(苯基甲基)-3-吡咯烷胺的50.0毫升CH3CN溶液于室温用2.72克Na3PO4处理。所得的浅黄色细悬浮液冷却到0℃,用10.07克2,4-二溴丁酰溴(根据Marinelli,E.R.;Arunachalam,T.;Diamantidis,G.;Emswiler,J.;Fan,H.;Neubeck,R.;Pillai,K.M.R.;Wagler,T.R.;Chen,C.-K.;等人,Tetrahedron(1996),52(34),11177-11214中所述制备)的5.0毫升CH3CN溶液处理20分钟。30分钟后,很细的悬浮液经过过滤,浓缩到30毫升的体积,然后用130.1毫升的0.497M NaOH溶液于室温处理。所得的浑浊橙色溶液搅拌2小时,浓缩,所得的含水相用三份50毫升TBME萃取。组合的有机相用水洗涤直至中性,用MgSO4干燥,浓缩得到5.79克(63%)的(R)-(1’-苄基-3-溴-[1,3’]联吡咯烷基-2-酮),是黄色蜡状晶体。
上述得到的细悬浮液用100毫升CH3CN滴定,过滤,浓缩到40毫升的体积,并用50毫升0.497m NaOH处理,然后于室温搅拌1小时。蒸馏出CH3CN,所得的含水相进行上述处理,得到另外2.57克(28%)产物。总产率是8.36克(91%)。1H-NMR(CDCl3,400MHz,非对映体的14∶1混合物):
7.32(m,5H,H-ar),4.65(m,1H,NCH),
4.39(dd,1H,CHBr),3.60(2d,2H,PhCH2N),3.52(m,2H,CONCH2),2.92(ddd,1H,
PhCH2NCH2CH2),2.71(dd,1H,PhCH2NCH2CHNCO),2.49(m,2H,COCHBrCH2和
PhCH2NCH2CH),2.25(m,3H,PhCH2NCH2CH2,COCHBrCH2和PhCH2NCH2CH2),
1.70(m,1H,PhCH2NCH2CH2).
实施例5
(R)-(1’-苄基-2-氧代-[1,3’]联吡咯烷-3-基)-三苯基-鏻;溴化物的制备
将800毫克1’-苄基-3-溴-[1,3’]联吡咯烷基-2-酮的1.0毫升甲苯悬浮液用1.95克Ph3P处理,于110℃搅拌30分钟,此时TLC指示反应完全。棕色的两相混合物用10毫升EtOAc稀释,有机相用三份10毫升饱和NaBr溶液萃取。组合的含水相用10毫升EtOAc洗涤三次(为了除去Ph3P),然后用15毫升CH2C12萃取七次,组合的有机相用MgSO4干燥,浓缩得到1.13克(R)-(1’-苄基-2-氧代-[1,3’]联吡咯烷-3-基)-三苯基-溴化鏻,是一种浅棕色泡沫。1H-NMR(250MHz;CDCl3,非对映体的约1∶1混合物):
7.32-8.04(m,5H),7.50-7.82(m,
10H),7.19-7.40(m,5H),6.44-6.64(m,1H),4.39-4.50(m,1H),3.10-3.88(m,5H),2.85-
3.00(m,0.5H),2.62-2.80(m,1H),2.32-2.5(m,0.5H),1.72-2.32(m,5H).
实施例6
(1’-叔丁氧基羰基-2-氧代-[1,3’]-(R)-联吡咯烷-3-(R,S)-基)-三苯基-鏻;溴化物的制备
将880毫克(R)-(1’-苄基-2-氧代-[1,3’]联吡咯烷-3-基)-三苯基-溴化鏻和820毫克二碳酸二叔丁基酯(可从Fluka获得)的混合物在5.5毫升MeOH中的溶液用880毫克10%Pd/C(从Degussa获得;1835)处理,于60℃氢化3小时,过滤并蒸发得到627毫克(70%)的(1’-叔丁氧基羰基-2-氧代-[1,3’]-(R)-联吡咯烷基-3-(R,S)-基)-三苯基鏻;溴化物,是一种褐色泡沫。1H-NMR(CDCl3,250MHz;非对映体和旋转异构体的混合物):
7.82-8.01(m,5H),7.55-7.81(m,10H),6.71-6.88(m,1H),4.22-4.51(m,1H),3.70-3.91(m,1H),3.35-3.50(m,1H),2.61-3.32(m,4H),1.90-2.20(m,2H),1.64-1.80(m,2H),1.44(s,9H).
Claims (12)
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其特征在于步骤1在Na3PO4存在下进行,随后的环化反应在氢氧化钠存在下进行。
3.根据权利要求1-2任一项的方法,其特征在于步骤2在芳族溶剂中进行。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项的方法,其特征在于步骤3在甲醇中进行,氢化反应在活性碳上的钯存在下进行。
5.根据权利要求1的制备式I的联吡咯烷基化合物的方法,其特征在于式II的化合物
其中*如上定义;通过使式VII的化合物与碱反应制备,
其中*如上定义;并随后与还原剂进行还原反应,得到式II的氨基吡咯烷化合物。
7.根据权利要求6的制备式I的联吡咯烷基化合物的方法,其特征在于如下制备式VI化合物:
其中*和R2如上定义;使式V化合物
其中R1是烷基,*和R2如上所定义,在碱存在下进行环化反应,随后与苄基溴反应,得到式VI的化合物。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项的方法,其特征在于*表示具有(R)构型的不对称中心,R1是甲基或乙基,R2是苄氧基羰基、叔丁氧基羰基或烯丙氧基羰基,X是氯或溴。
9.根据权利要求1-8任一项的方法,其特征在于R1是甲基,R2是苄氧基羰基,X是溴。
10.式IIIa的(R)-(1’-苄基-3-溴-[1,3’]联吡咯烷基-2-酮)化合物。
11.式IVa的(1’-苄基-2-氧代-[1,3’]-(R)-联吡咯烷基-3-(R,S)-基)-三苯基-溴化鏻化合物。
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JP2002212155A (ja) * | 2001-01-17 | 2002-07-31 | Toray Ind Inc | 光学活性アスパラギンエステル誘導体、光学活性3−アミノピロリジン−2,5−ジオン誘導体および光学活性3−アミノピロリジン誘導体の製造方法 |
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