CN1446207A - 浆果赤霉素ⅲ衍生物的制备方法 - Google Patents
浆果赤霉素ⅲ衍生物的制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了用于制备具有抗肿瘤活性的新型紫杉烷衍生物的14β-羟基-1,14-碳酸酯-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III的制备方法和中间体。
Description
本发明涉及用于合成14β-羟基-1,14-碳酸酯-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III衍生物的新中间体及其制备方法。采用本发明方法获得的中间体可用于制备具有抗肿瘤活性的新型紫杉烷衍生物。
紫杉烷类化合物是近年来开发出来的最重要的一类抗肿瘤剂。紫杉醇是一种复杂的二萜,是从短叶红豆杉(Taxus brevifolia)的树皮中分离出来的,被认为是一种癌症治疗的“先导化合物”。目前,人们对具有更高药理学活性和改善的药动学性质的紫杉烷衍生物正进行着深入的研究。具体的研究涉及对基础结构进行各种修饰的浆果赤霉素III衍生物。这种化合物的实例为公开于下述文献中的14β-羟基浆果赤霉素III衍生物:US5,705,508、WO 97/43291、WO 96/36622。目前,14β-羟基-1,14-碳酸酯-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III衍生物的制备原料为14β-羟基-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III前体,它是一种天然化合物,可以少量地从西藏红豆杉(Taxuswallichiana)的叶子中提取得到,如EP 559,019中所述。目前,强烈需要新的衍生物和那些常用方法的替代方法,通过它们可以简单而有效地制备14β-羟基-1,14-碳酸酯-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III衍生物。
业已发现,14β-羟基-1,14-碳酸酯-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III可以用10-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III作为起始化合物进行制备,与14β-羟基-浆果赤霉素III不同,这种10-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III可从欧洲红豆杉(Taxusbaccata)的叶子中大量分离。
其中,R和R1选自氢、C1-C10烷基或芳基、C1-C10烷基-或芳基-羰基、三氯乙酰基、C1-C4三烷基甲硅烷基;优选地,当R和R1相同时,它们均为三氯乙酰基,而当它们不同时,优选R为三氯乙酰基而R1为乙酰基,或者R为三乙基-或三甲基-甲硅烷基而R1为乙酰基;2.经两步氧化得到在13-位氧化并在14-位羟基化的衍生物:3.将1-位和14-位的相邻的羟基进行碳酸酯化,得到1,14-碳酸酯衍生物:4.将13-位的羰基还原:5.除去7-位和10-位的保护基:
保护7-位和10-位羟基的方法如下述文献所述:Holton等,Tetrahedron Letters 39,(1998)2883-2886。由于具有不同的反应性,对起始化合物脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III的羟基进行选择性地保护是可能的。具体而言,对酰化、烷基化或甲硅烷基化试剂的反应性按照如下次序变化:C(7)-OH>C(10)-OH>C(13)-OH>C(1)-OH,因此,可选择性地对7-位和10-位上的基团进行保护而使1-位和13-位上的羟基保持游离状态。
此外,通过改变反应条件,可以使7-位和10-位上的羟基的反应性次序颠倒,从而可以对它们进行不同的取代。用于保护10-位和7-位羟基的试剂和反应条件的例子在上述引用的公开文献中有述。
13-位羟基的氧化步骤可在选自乙腈、丙酮或乙酸乙酯/二氯甲烷9∶1混合物的溶剂中,在剧烈搅拌下,用二氧化锰或二氧化铋进行氧化,优选在乙腈或丙酮中用二氧化锰进行氧化。反应进行的很快,得到在13-位氧化了的衍生物,其可从反应介质中回收,而更长时间的反应将得到13-位氧化和14-位羟基化的衍生物。
随后在1-位和14-位的羟基上进行的碳酸酯化步骤通常是在吡啶的存在下,在二氯甲烷/甲苯混合物中用光气或三光气进行。随后,很容易将形成的1,14-碳酸酯衍生物在13-位还原而得到相应的13-羟基衍生物。所述的还原反应区域选择性地在13-位的羰基上进行,而9-位的羰基保持不变,并且立体选择性地、几乎排它性地得到13-α异构体。该反应通常可用硼氢化钠于甲醇中高收率地进行。最后一步是对7-位和10-位上的羟基进行脱保护,得到最终的产物14β-羟基-1,14-碳酸酯脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III。用于对7-位和10-位上的羟基进行选择性脱保护的条件和试剂如下述文献所述:Zheng等,Tetrahedron Lett.,1995,36,2001,以及Datta等,J.Org.Chem.,1995,60,761。形成的最终产物是合成各种紫杉烷衍生物的极为有用的中间体。如前所述,所述的中间体到目前为止还采用提取自西藏红豆杉叶子的14β-羟基浆果赤霉素III低收率地制备。本发明的方法允许高收率地制备相同的中间体,其所采用的原料可大量获得。用14β-羟基-1,14-碳酸酯脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III作为原料制备的具有抗肿瘤活性的化合物的实例参见以下文献:US 5,705,508、WO 97/43291、WO 96/36622。
按照本发明的优选实施方案,将脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III与三氯乙酰氯在二氯甲烷中在三乙胺的存在下进行反应,并使用催化量的N,N-二甲基氨基吡啶(DMAP)。已证明,使用三氯乙酸酯作为保护基在本发明方法中的氧化、碳酸酯化和还原步骤中是非常有利的。具体而言,氧化和碳酸酯化后的7,10-双三氯乙酸酯衍生物(由起始化合物以定量收率获得)很容易在13-位被还原,并同时脱除三氯乙酸酯基团,得到14β-羟基-1,14-碳酸酯-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III。使用催化量的DMAP从工业和环境的角度提供了明确的优点,因为到目前为止,该物质的酰化反应都是在吡啶中进行的,存在着残留溶剂排放的问题。
下述实施例更详细地说明了本发明。
实施例I7,10-双三氯乙酰基-10-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III的制备第一种方法:
将4.77ml三氯乙酸酐(42.32mmol)滴加至10g的10-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III(18.4mmol)在125ml无水二氯甲烷和42ml吡啶中的溶液中。将反应混合物搅拌3小时或直到反应完成,通过硅胶TLC进行检测,用正己烷/乙酸乙酯1∶1混合物作为洗脱剂。反应完成后,加入5ml甲醇以破坏过量的三氯乙酸酐,然后加入水。有机相用酸性的水(HCl)充分洗涤以除去吡啶,然后将剩余的有机相用硫酸镁干燥,真空浓缩至干得到浅黄色固体(17g),将其在氯仿中进行结晶:[α]D-34(二氯甲烷C5.8);IR(KBr)3517,1771,1728,1240,981,819,787,675cm-1;
1H-NMR(200MHz):δ8.11(Bz C),7.46(Bz,BB′),6.50(s,H-10),5.72(m,H-7 H-29),5.02(d,J=8Hz,H-5),4.95(m,H-13),4.37(d,J=8Hz,H-20a),4.18(d,J=8Hz,H-20b),4.02(d,J=6Hz,H-3),2.32(s,4-Ac),2.22(s,H-18),1.91(s,H-19),1.25和1.11(s,H-16,H-17),1.94(m,H 14α),1.89(m,H14β)。第二种方法:
将10-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III(10g,18.38mmol)悬浮于二氯甲烷(120ml)中,加入DMAP(220mg,1.4mmol,0.1当量)并在冰浴中冷却至0℃。加入三乙胺(10.26ml,73.6mmol,4当量),随后立即在氮气流下于5分钟内加入Cl3CCOCl(4.12ml,36.8mmol,2当量),保持温度在10℃以下。加完后,将混合物在冰浴中搅拌15分钟,然后除去冰浴,在室温下搅拌1小时。1小时后,通过TLC检测反应(乙酸乙酯2/正己烷3,Rf 10-DAB III=0.05,Rf7,10-双三氯乙酰基-10-DAB III=0.26)并加入Cl3CCOCl(1ml,0.5当量)。继续在室温下搅拌10分钟,然后将反应物倒入盛有160g碎冰的烧杯中,在搅拌下放置,直至在室温下达到平衡(约1小时)。分离出水相,用二氯甲烷(3x40ml)萃取。将合并后的有机相用1N HCl(20ml)洗涤,然后用NaHCO3饱和溶液(20ml)洗涤,用硫酸钠干爆,蒸出溶剂。粗品重:16.5g。在氯仿中结晶后,IR、1H-NMR和[α]D光谱值与采用吡啶和三氯乙酸酐获得的化合物相同。
实施例II7,10-双三氯乙酸酯10-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III在13-位的氧化和14-位的羟 基化
将30g活化的MnO2加至10-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III7,10-双三氯乙酸酯(3g)的乙腈(40ml)溶液中,室温下通过磁搅拌器对悬浮液进行搅拌,通过TLC检测反应进程(石油醚-乙酸乙酯5∶5;原料的Rf大约为0.31)。在约1小时后,完成了13-脱氢衍生物的形成(TLC分析,13-脱氢衍生物的Rf约为0.50)。继续搅拌约72小时,在此期间,13-脱氢衍生物被缓慢地氧化成相应的14β-羟基衍生物(Rf约0.36)。将反应混合物用硅藻土过滤,滤饼反复用乙酸乙酯洗涤。蒸出溶剂,将残余物用硅胶柱色谱(100ml,洗脱剂∶石油醚-乙酸乙酯7∶3)纯化,得到170mg的13-脱氢衍生物和2.38g的14β-羟基-13-脱氢衍生物。
13-脱氢-14β-羟基-10-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III,7,10-双三氯乙酸酯:白色粉末,m.p.97℃;IR(KBr片):3440,1780,1767,1736,1686,1267,1232,1103,1010,854cm-1;1H-NMR(200MHz,CDCl3):δ8.07(Bz AA′),7.60(Bz,C),7.49(Bz,BB′),6.52(s,H-10),5.92(d,J=6.7Hz,H-2),5.70(br t,J=8.0Hz,H-7),4.95(brd,J=8.2Hz,H-5),4.37(d,J=8.2Hz,H-20a),4.31(d,J=8.2Hz,H-20b),4.17(s,H14),4.02(d,J=6.7Hz,H-3),2.71(m,H-6),2.29(s,OAc),2.17(s,OAc),1.96(s,H-18),1.27,1.01(s,H-16,H-17和H-19)。
实施例III7-三乙基甲硅烷基浆果赤霉素III的氧化/羟基化
将10g活化的MnO2加至7-三乙基甲硅烷基浆果赤霉素III(1.0g)的乙腈(10ml)溶液中,在室温下用磁搅拌器搅拌悬浮液,通过TLC监测反应进程(石油醚-乙酸乙酯6∶4;原料的Rf约为0.25)。约2小时后,完成了13-脱氢衍生物的形成(TLC分析,13-脱氢衍生物的Rf约0.45)。继续搅拌188小时,在此期间再加入MnO2(10g)。13-脱氢衍生物被缓慢地氧化成相应的14β-羟基衍生物(Rf约0.38)。将反应混合物用硅藻土过滤,滤饼用乙酸乙酯洗涤。蒸出溶剂,将残余物用硅胶柱色谱(40ml,洗脱剂∶石油醚-乙酸乙酯7∶3)纯化,得到126mg的13-脱氢衍生物、479mg(46%)的14β-羟基-13-脱氢衍生物和189mg两者的混合物。
13-脱氢-7-三乙基甲硅烷基浆果赤霉素III,白色粉末,m.p.168℃。[α]D 25-35(二氯甲烷,C0.67);IR(KBr)3488,1726,1711,1676,1373,1269,1244,1230,1105cm-1;1H-NMR(200MHz,CDCl3):δ8.07(Bz AA′),7.60(Bz,C),7.49(Bz,BB′),6.59(s,H-10),5.69(d,J=6.9Hz,H-2),4.92(d,J=8.2Hz,H-5),4.48(dd,J=10.6Hz,H-7),4.33(d,J=8.0Hz,H-20a),4.12(d,J=8.0Hz,H-20b),3.91,(d,J=6.9Hz,H-3),2.96(d,J=20Hz,H-14a),2.65(d,J=20Hz,H-20b),2.50(m,H-6α),2.23(s,OAc),2.19(s,OAc+H-18),1.67,1.28,1.19(s,H-16,H-17和H-19),0.19(m,TES)。
13-脱氢-14β-羟基-10-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III,7,10-双三氯乙酸酯∶白色粉末,m.p.153℃;[α]D 25+20(二氯甲烷,C 0.75);IR(KBr)3431,1723,1692,1371,1269,1242,1223,1096 cm-1;1H-NMR(500MHz,CDCl3):δ8.06(Bz AA′),7.60(Bz,C),7.48(Bz,BB′),6.51(s,H-10),5.88(d,J=6.9Hz,H-2),4.90(d,J=8.2Hz,H-5),4.47(dd,J=10.67Hz,H-7),4.30(d,J=8Hz,H-20a),4.28(d,J=8.2Hz,H-20b),4.13(brd,J=2Hz,H-14),3.84(d,J=6.9Hz,H-3),3.69(brd,J=2Hz,14-0H),3.62(s,1-0H),2.52(m,H-6α),2.24(s,0Ac),2.21(s,0Ac),2.11(s,H-18),1.92(m,H-6β),1.74,1.56,1.28(s,-H-16,H-17和H-19),0.94(m,TES),0.59(m,TES)。HRNS:714.3092(C37H50O12Si的计算值714.3092)。实施例IV7-三乙基甲硅烷基浆果赤霉素III的氧化/羟基化
将10g活化的MnO2加至7-三乙基甲硅烷基浆果赤霉素III(1.0g)的乙腈(10ml)溶液中,将悬浮液在室温下用磁搅拌器搅拌,通过TLC监测反应进程(石油醚-乙酸乙酯6∶4;原料的Rf约为0.25)。约2小时后,完成了13-脱氢衍生物的形成(TLC分析,13-脱氢衍生物的Rf约0.45)。继续搅拌188小时,在此期间再加入MnO2(10g)。13-脱氢衍生物被缓慢地氧化成相应的14β-羟基衍生物(Rf约0.38)。将反应混合物用硅藻土过滤,滤饼用乙酸乙酯洗涤。蒸出溶剂,将残余物用硅胶柱色谱(40ml,洗脱剂∶石油醚-乙酸乙酯7∶3)纯化,得到126mg的13-脱氢衍生物、479mg(46%)的14β-羟基-13-脱氢衍生物和189mg两者的混合物。
13-脱氢-7-三乙基甲硅烷基浆果赤霉素III。白色粉末,m.p.210℃;[α]D 25-48(二氯甲烷,C 0.50);IR(KBr)3478,1728,1676,1373,1271,1240,1071,1026cm-1;1H-NMR(200MHz,CDCl3):δ8.07(Bz AA′),7.64(Bz,C),7.50(Bz,BB′),6.46(s,H-10),5.70(d,J=6.9Hz,H-2),4.95(d,J=8.2Hz,H-5),4.51(dd,J=10.7Hz,H-7),4.32(d,J=8.4Hz,H-20a),4.14(d,J=8.4Hz,H-20b),3.92,(d,J=6.9Hz,H-3),2.99(d,J=20Hz,H-14a),2.68(d,J=20Hz,H-14b),2.56(m,H-6α),2.29(s,OAc),2.18(s,OAc),2.08(s,H-18),1.68,1.29,1.20(s,H-16,H-17和H-19),0.19。
13-脱氢-14β-羟基-7-三乙基甲硅烷基浆果赤霉素III:白色粉末,m.p.220℃;[α]D 25+19(二氯甲烷,C 0.42);IR(KBr)3568,1710,1719,1686,1372,1282,1240,1219,1073cm-1;1H-NMR(200MHz,CDCl3):δ8.09(BzAA′),7.60(Bz,C),7.51(Bz,BB′),6.39(s,H-10),5.89(d,J=6.9Hz,H-2),4.94(d,J=8.2Hz,H-5),4.47(dd,J=10.7Hz,H-7),4.31(br s,-H-20a+H-20b),4.15(s,H-14),3.69(d,J=6.9Hz,H-3),2.29(s,OAc),2.16(s,H-18),2.14(s,OAc),1.74,1.21,1.10(s,H-16,H-17和H-19),HRMS:600.6112 0.19(C31H36O12Si的计算值600.6103)。实施例V1,14-碳酸酯-13-脱氧-7-三乙基甲硅烷基-浆果赤霉素III的制备
在5分钟内,将13-脱氢-14β-羟基-7-三乙基甲硅烷基浆果赤霉素III(124mg,1.17mMol)在二氯甲烷(1ml)和吡啶(0.56ml,6.8mmol,20摩尔当量)中的溶液滴加至光气(1.8ml 20%的甲苯溶液,3.4mmol,20摩尔当量)的二氯甲烷(2ml)溶液中。将混合物在室温下搅拌1小时,随后用碳酸氢钠饱和溶液中和过量的光气并用二氯甲烷萃取。有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液和盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥。蒸出溶剂,得到红色的残余物,将其用小的硅胶柱(约5ml,洗脱剂∶己烷/乙酸乙酯8∶2)纯化,得到118mg(92%)碳酸酯。当用三乙胺作为碱进行反应而无反向加成时,得到1,14-碳酸酯和2-脱苯甲酰基-1,2-碳酸酯-14-苯甲酸酯的混合物(约1∶15)。
13-脱氢-14β-羟基-7-三乙基甲硅烷基浆果赤霉素III 1,14-碳酸酯,白色粉末,m.p.153℃;[α]D 25+23(二氯甲烷,C 0.75)IR(KBr);谱带OH号1834,1734,1709,1373,1242,1225,1088,1057cm-1;1H-NMR(200MHz,CDCl3):δ7.99(Bz AA′),7.60(Bz,C),7.48(Bz,BB′),6.51(s,H-10),6.12(d,J=6.9Hz,H-2),4.90(d,J=8.2Hz,H-5),4.78(s,H-14),4.44(dd,J=10.7Hz,H-7),4.34(d,J=8Hz,H-20a),4.19(d,J=8.2Hz,H-20b),3.80(d,J=6.9Hz,H-3),2.50(m,H-6α),2.23(s,OAc),2.22(s,OAc),2.19(s,H-18),1.92(m,H-6β),1.72,1.39,1.26(s,-H-16,H-17和H-19),0.90(m,TES),0.56(m,TES)。HRNS:740.2851(C38H48O13Si的计算值740.2864)。
13-脱氢-14β-羟基浆果赤霉素III 1,14-碳酸酯,白色粉末;240℃;[α]D 25-2.5(二氯甲烷,C 0.4);IR(KBr)3539,1831,1736,1240,1088,1068,1057,1024cm-1;1H-NMR(200MHz,CDCl3):δ7.98(Bz AA′),7.61(Bz,C),7.50(Bz,BB′),6.39(s,H-10),6.14(d,J=6.9Hz,H-2),4.98(d,J=8.2Hz,H-5),4.80(s,H-14),4.43(dd,J=10.7Hz,H-7),4.35(d,J=8Hz,H-20a),4.24(d,J=8.2Hz,H-20b),3.80(d,J=6.9Hz,H-3),2.50(m,H-6α),2.30(s,OAc),2.20(s,OAc),2.15(s,H-18),1.90(m,H-63),1.74,1.34,1.25(s,H-16,H-17和H-19),HRMS:626.2005(C33H34O1的计算值626.1999)。实施例VI1,14-碳酸酯-7-O-三乙基甲硅烷基浆果赤霉素III的制备
将过量的NaBH4(约20mg)分成小份加至13-脱氢-14β-羟基-7-三乙基甲硅烷基浆果赤霉素III 1,14-碳酸酯(50mg)的甲醇(5ml)溶液中。30分钟后,向反应混合物中加入饱和氯化铵,用乙酸乙酯萃取,用盐水洗涤,用硫酸钠干燥并除去溶剂得到残余物,将其用硅胶柱色谱(约5ml,用己烷-乙酸乙酯8∶2洗脱)纯化,得到35mg的13α-羟基衍生物和9mg的13β-羟基衍生物。
14β-羟基-7-三乙基甲硅烷基浆果赤霉素III 1,14-碳酸酯;[α]D 25-35(二氯甲烷,C 0.60);IR(KBr)3054,1819,1736,1603,1371,1261,1238,1090,1069,cm-1;1H-NMR(200MHz,CDCl3):δ8.06(Bz AA′),7.65(Bz,C),7.50(Bz,BB′),6.47(s,H-10),6.12(d,J=6.9Hz,H-2),5.05(br d,J=5.5Hz,H-13),4.98(br d,J=9Hz,H-5),4.83(d,J=5Hz,H-14),4.50(dd,J=10.7Hz,H-7),4.34(d,J=8Hz,H-20a),4.23(d,J=8Hz,H-20b),3.75(d,J=6.9 Hz,H-3),2.56(m,H-6α),2.34(s,OAc),2.22(s,OAc),1.78(m,H-6β),1.35(s,H-18),1.75,1.18,0.95(s,-H-16,H-17和H-19),0.90(m,TES),0.62(m,TES)。
14β-羟基-7-三乙基甲硅烷基-13-表浆果赤霉素(epibaccatin)III 1,14-碳酸酯,无定形;[α]D 25-13(二氯甲烷,C0.60);IR(KBr)3630,1825,1734,1603,1375,1262,1091,1071,1049 cm-1;1H-NMR(200MHz,CDCl3):δ8.01(Bz AA′),7.63(Bz,C),7.48(Bz,BB′),6.44(s,H-10),6.12(d,J=7.2Hz,H-2),4.90(br d,J=9Hz,H-5),4.81(d,J=8Hz,H-14),4.48(br,J=8Hz,H-13),4.50(dd,J=10,7Hz,H-7),4.41(d,J=8Hz,H-20a),4.31(d,J=8Hz,H-20b),3.68(d,J=7.2Hz,H-3),2.60(m,H-6α),2.32(s,OAc),2.26(s,H-18),2.21(s,OAc),1.80(m,H-6β),1.72,1.43,1.27(s,-H-16,H-17和H-19),0.93(m,TES),0.61(m,TES)。
实施例VII13-脱氢-14β-羟基-7,10-双三氯乙酰基-浆果赤霉素III 1.14-碳酸酯的制备
在5分钟内,将13-脱氢-14β-羟基-7,10-双三氯乙酰基浆果赤霉素III(200mg)在二氯甲烷(2ml)和吡啶(1.12ml,20当量)中的溶液加至光气(20%的甲苯溶液,3.6ml,20当量)的二氯甲烷(2ml)溶液中。将混合物在室温下搅拌1小时,随后用碳酸氢钠饱和溶液(3ml)中和过量的光气。将混合物用二氯甲烷萃取,有机相用饱和碳酸氢钠溶液洗涤,然后用饱和氯化钠溶液洗涤并用硫酸钠干燥。蒸出溶剂后,将残余物通过硅胶柱色谱纯化(洗脱剂∶己烷/乙酸乙酯9∶1),得到175mg(89%)碳酸酯。
13-脱氢-14β-羟基-7,10-双三氯乙酰基-浆果赤霉素III 1,14-碳酸酯,无定形白色固体。IR(KBr)1834,1771,1735,1709,1232,1103,1010,854cm-1。
1H NMR(200MHz,CDCl3):δ=8.03(Bz AA′),7.60(Bz,C),7.50(Bz,BB′),6.52(s,H-10),5.92(d,J=6.7Hz,H-2),5.70(br t,J=8.0Hz,H-7),4.95(br d,J=8.2Hz,H-20b),4.77(s,H-14),4.02(d,J=6.7Hz,H-3),2.71(m,H-6),2.29(s,OAc),1.96(s,H-18),1.27-1.01(m,H-16,H-17,H-19)。
实施例VIII14β-羟基-10-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III 1,14-碳酸酯的制备
于冰浴中将13-脱氢-14β-羟基-7,10-双三氯乙酰基-浆果赤霉素III1,14-碳酸酯(500mg)在甲醇(8ml)中的溶液冷却至0℃,在5分钟内加入固体NaBH4(44mg)。将混合物在室温下搅拌1小时,然后冷却至℃。在5分钟内加入丙酮(2ml),将混合物浓缩,然后加入乙酸乙酯(10ml)并用硅藻土过滤。将澄清的溶液用氯化钠饱和溶液洗涤并用硫酸钠干燥。蒸出溶剂得到残余物(4.5∶1 C13差向异构体的混合物),将其通过硅胶柱色谱纯化(洗脱剂∶己烷/乙酸乙酯1∶1),得到脱保护的碳酸酯的251mg 13β差向异构体和55mg13α差向异构体(合计88%)。
13α-14β-羟基-10-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III 1,14-碳酸酯。无定形白色固体。IR(KBF):3520(OH),1834,1709,1232,1103,1010,854cm-1。
1H NMR(200 MHz,CDCl3):δ=8.03(Bz AA′),7.60(Bz,C),7.50(Bz,BB′),6.27(s,H-10),5.92(d,J=6.7Hz,H-2),4.95(br d,J=8.2Hz,H-20b),4.85(m,H-13),4.77(s,H-14),4.42(br t,J=8.0Hz,H-7),4.02(d,J=6.7Hz,H-3),2.71(m,H-6),2.29(s,OAc),1.96(s,H-18),1.27-1.01(m,H-16,H-17,H-19)。
13α-14β-羟基-10-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III 1,14-碳酸酯,无定形白色固体。IR(KBr):3520(OH),1834,1709,1232,1103,1010,854cm-1。
1H NMR(200MHz,CDCl3):δ=8.03(Bz AA′),7.60(Bz,C),7.50(Bz,BB′),6.27(s,H-10),5.92(d,J=6.7Hz,H-2),4.95(br d,J=8.2Hz,H-20b),4.80(m,H-13),4.77(s,H-14),4.42(br t,J=8.0Hz,H-7),4.02(d,J=6.7Hz,H-3),2.71(m,H-6),2.29(s,OAc),1.96(s,H-18),1.27-1.01(m,H-16,H-17,H-19)。
Claims (8)
1.制备14β-羟基-1,14-碳酸酯-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III的方法,该方法包括下述步骤:
a.对10-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III的7-位和10-位的羟基进行保护:其中,R和R1选自氢、C1-C10烷基或芳基、C1-C10烷基-或芳基-羰基、三氯乙酰基、C1-C4三烷基甲硅烷基;优选地,当R和R1相同时,它们均为三氯乙酰基,而当它们不同时,优选R为三氯乙酰基而R1为乙酰基,或者R为三乙基-或三甲基-甲硅烷基而R1为乙酰基;
d.将13-位的羰基还原:
e.除去7-位和10-位的保护基:
2.根据权利要求1的方法,其中,R和R1相同并且是三氯乙酰基,或者R和R1不同并且R为三氯乙酰基而R1为乙酰基,或R为三乙基-或三甲基-甲硅烷基而R1为乙酰基。
3.根据权利要求2的方法,其中,R和R1为三氯乙酰基。
4.根据权利要求3的方法,其中,7-位和10-位的羟基的保护步骤在二氯甲烷中、在三乙胺和催化量的N,N-二甲基氨基吡啶的存在下用三氯乙酰氯进行。
5.根据权利要求1-4的方法,其中,13-位羟基的氧化和14-位的羟基化用二氧化锰或二氧化铋在选自乙腈、丙酮或乙酸乙酯/二氯甲烷混合物的溶剂中进行。
6.根据权利要求1-5的方法,其中,1-和14-位羟基的碳酸酯化步骤用光气在二氯甲烷/甲苯混合物中在吡啶的存在下进行。
7.根据权利要求1-6的方法,其中,13-位羟基的还原步骤用硼氢化钠在甲醇中进行。
8.下述反应中间体:7,10-双三氯乙酰基-10-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III,13-脱氢-14β-羟基-10-脱乙酰基浆果赤霉素III,13-脱氢-14β-羟基-7-三乙基甲硅烷基浆果赤霉素III,1,14-碳酸酯-13-脱氢-7-三乙基甲硅烷基浆果赤霉素III,1,14-碳酸酯-7-O-三乙基甲硅烷基浆果赤霉素III,13-脱氢-14β-羟基-7,10-双三氯乙酰基-浆果赤霉素III 1,14-碳酸酯。
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