CN1419797A - Led发光系统 - Google Patents

Led发光系统 Download PDF

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CN1419797A
CN1419797A CN01807029A CN01807029A CN1419797A CN 1419797 A CN1419797 A CN 1419797A CN 01807029 A CN01807029 A CN 01807029A CN 01807029 A CN01807029 A CN 01807029A CN 1419797 A CN1419797 A CN 1419797A
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led light
light source
led
light
light intensity
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CN1319417C (zh
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S·穆图
C·蒋
G·W·布伦林
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Signify Holding BV
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Koninklijke Philips Electronics NV
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/20Controlling the colour of the light
    • H05B45/22Controlling the colour of the light using optical feedback
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05BELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B45/00Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
    • H05B45/20Controlling the colour of the light
    • H05B45/28Controlling the colour of the light using temperature feedback

Abstract

一种用于为LED光源提供电源以产生所需颜色光的LED发光系统,包括:一个电源级,被配置用于提供DC电流信号;一个与所述电源级相连的光混合电路,它包括多个被配置用于接收所述DC电流信号的红、绿、蓝LED光源;和一个与所述电源级相连的控制系统,被配置用于向所述电源级提供控制信号,以使所述DC电流信号保持在所需电平上,所述控制系统还被配置用来根据LED光源的结温和希望在所述光混合电路上所生成的光的色度坐标来测出与所述LED光源有关的相对光强。所述光混合电路包括一个用于测量与LED光源有关的温度的温度传感器和一个用于测量LED光源所发出光的光强水平的光探测器。根据所测温度,所述控制系统确定出每个LED光源必须产生的光强,以便能得到所需的混合光输出,所述的光探测器结合反馈回路来维持每个LED光源的所需光强。

Description

LED发光系统
本发明涉及的是LED发光系统,尤其涉及一种提供具有可选色温和暗度的白光的控制系统。
在过去几年里,LED技术已有显著发展,LED阵列的发光效率达到甚至超过了白炽灯的效率。在许多照明应用中,都使用红、绿、蓝LED阵列来产生一种适当的白光。通过对每组红、绿、蓝LED的光流明进行适当混和,便可控制该LED阵列所发白光的“色温”。理论上将光源的色温定义为普朗克(Plankian)辐射体(理想光源)的温度,其辐射与光源的辐射具有相同的色度,并用Kelvins方法进行测量。对于一般的观察者来说,所述色温是指白光的颜色。较冷的白光—类似于商业区荧光灯发出的光—具有较低的色温,而较暖的白光—类似于住宅用的白炽灯发出的光—具有较高的色温。
色度这一术语用来表示光源的颜色而与亮度或流明无关。当不同光源的色度相等时,每个光源的颜色对眼睛来说是相同的而与亮度无关。光源的所述色度用色度坐标表示。这种坐标的一个例子是CIE1931色度图,其中用x和y坐标来表示辐射光的颜色。
实际上,LED阵列的色温定义为相关色温。术语相关色温是一种光源,其色度坐标与某种理想光源的任何色度坐标都不完全相等。实际光源如:某种灯,其相关色温定义为:在相同亮度和特定的观察条件下,所感觉颜色最类似于该实际光源的某理想光源的温度。在本文中,描述所使用的术语色温和相关色温可以互换。
RGB LED阵列的相关色温和暗度取决与其它条件:LED的工作温度、LED的寿命以及LED生产中批与批之间的差别。
因此需要一种控制设备以便在所有希望的工作条件下使白色LED发光系统能维持某一特定的亮度。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,用于提供白色光的LED发光系统由多个红、绿、蓝LED形成的三种LED光源构成。所设置的一种光控制系统,用于维持所发白光的色温和光强水平。该控制系统包括一个前馈温度补偿装置和一个光反馈控制系统,用于保持该目标白光。所述LED的结温和光输出经探测后送至该光控制系统。
所述前馈温度补偿装置用来校正所述目标色温和所述白光显色指数之中的偏差。根据LED的结温和目标白光,设置诸如前馈温度补偿装置等处理装置以使红、绿、蓝LED光源具有所要求的相对光强。通过使用所述目标白光的色度坐标和LED光源根据结温发光的色度坐标,计算出相对于目标白光所需红、绿、蓝LED光源的光输出。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,事先将红、绿、蓝LED光源发出光的色度坐标按结温的函数进行计算,并存储在存储装置中。根据本发明的另一实施方案,还能对所需的红、绿、蓝LED光源的相对光强按结温的函数进行脱机计算,并存储在存储装置中。
在忽略结温、寿命、批与批之间的差别的前提下,使用一种带有光强控制器的光强模块,以使LED光源的光输出与用前馈温度补偿器所产生的光输出值相等。
图1为根据本发明实施方案,带控制系统的白色LED发光系统的方块图;
图2为根据本发明实施方案,具有与图1所示不同元件的控制系统的方块图;
图3为根据本发明实施方案,为说明控制系统所使用的控制过程的流程图;
图4为根据本发明实施方案,为说明控制系统所使用的光强控制过程的流程图;
图5为根据本发明实施方案,为说明利用单一光探测器来测量光强的过程的流程图。
图1所示为根据本发明的一种实施方案的带控制系统的、用于发出白光的LED发光系统。该发光系统包括:一个电源10,与光混合器26相连,并为光混合器供电;一个控制器单元34,与电源10和光混合器26均相连。所述控制器用来为白光提供功率因数校正控制、亮度控制、色温控制以及可变颜色控制。
混合器26包括多个LED光源,如一个红色LED阵列光源24,一个绿色LED阵列光源22和一个蓝色LED阵列光源28。电源10分别为红、绿、蓝LED光源提供调节电源。
电源10包括一个整流器16,用于接收来自主电源的AC供电电流;一个DC-DC转换器,与整流器16的输出端相连。DC-DC转换器12的输出端分别与为所述LED光源供电的独立电源14、18和20相连。根据本发明的一种实施方案,DC-DC转换器可以是目前已知的逆向转换器。根据本发明另一实施方案,所述DC-DC转换器还可以是正向或反向转换器。而且,该转换器还能与控制器34一同在主电源端提供功率因数校正。独立电源14,18和20作用为给由红、绿、蓝LED阵列形成的红、绿、蓝LED光源提供所需功率的电流源。
光混合器26包括对红、绿、蓝LED阵列的光输出进行混合的混合镜片。每个LED阵列均受控制器34的控制,以产生适当的具有所需色温和暗度的光输出。
光混合器26还包括一个光反馈传感器30和一个温度反馈传感器32。光反馈传感器30由LED光源得到所述光强并将该信息提供给控制器34。该光反馈传感器包括一个类似光电二极管的光探测器和一个运算放大器电路,用于将LED的光强水平转换成电信号并将所述光电二极管产生的电信号进行放大。而且,温度传感器32包括用来获得所述LED结温的传感装置。
光反馈传感器30用于测量这三种LED光源列阵的光输出。最好能直接测出以流明表示的光输出强度。为此,用一种配有适当滤波器—为了匹配人眼的感受—的光电二极管直接测量所述LED光源的光强。根据本发明另一实施方案,利用不带任何滤波器的光电二极管来测量LED光源的辐射输出强度。但在本实施方案中,要用适当的装置来校准光反馈系统以便由所测得的辐射量将光输出转换成光计量学的量。
更详细的阐述如下:根据本发明实施方案,所述光测量装置设计成每个LED光源阵列的输出只用一个光电二极管来测量。所以用一种测量步骤便可测出所述LED光源阵列的光输出。
该测量步骤首先对工作时所有三种LED光源阵列的光输出进行测量。这种测量除了这三种LED光源的输出光之外还包括环境光。然后暂时关掉一个LED光源阵列并进行测量。这种测量包含了环境光和其它两个LED光源的输出光。接着根据这两次测量之间的差得出被关掉的LED光源阵列的光输出。由于这个LED光源阵列只是短时间关掉,以至在所述光源阵列中的这些LED的结温不会有明显的变化。然后再对其余两个LED光源阵列的光输出重复进行这种测量。控制器34会根据需要循环地执行这种测量步骤。
温度传感器32用来测量所述光源阵列中LED的结温,根据本发明实施方案,温度传感器32包括一个热敏电阻或一个热电偶或任何硅基传感器,用来测量所述光混器26的外壳温度。根据本发明实施方案,只使用了一个温度传感器来测量LED光源阵列的外壳温度,然后利用该LED光源的热模型和对该LED的输入电流来计算结温,更详细的阐述如下。
计算出LED的结温以便确定出能提供所需色温的LED的光强。最好用光源的色度坐标来计算所需光强,这在下文有阐述。如上所述,根据本发明的一种实施方案,当经红、绿、蓝LED光源阵列的光输出按适当比例混合时,便会产生白光。在每个阵列中最好大多数LED具有基本上相同的光电特性,因此,通过适当地选择每个LED光源的光输出量便会产生具有所需或目标色温的白光。通过利用目标白光的色度坐标和所述LED光源所发光的色度坐标便能计算出对于某一目标色的红、绿、蓝LED光源阵列的所需光强。
根据本发明的一种实施方案,Iw是对应某一所需色温的目标白光的总光强,xw、yw是它的色度坐标。所需白光中的红色LED光部分的色度坐标是xr、yr。同样,所需白光中的绿色LED光部分的色度坐标是xg、yg。而所需白光中的蓝色LED光部分的色度坐标是xb、yb。另外,Ig,Ir和Ib分别为红、绿、蓝LED光源阵列的光强。于是,所述白光的总光强则可以表示为这三种光源阵列光强的和,
         Iw=Ir+Ig+Ib                             (1)
而且,所述红、绿、蓝LED光源阵列的相对光强I’g,I’r,I’b定义为
         I’r=Ir/Iw
         I’g=Ig/Iw                              (2)
         I’b=Ib/Iw.
所述白光的色度坐标与所述相对光强和LED光源阵列的色度坐标的关系如下, xw yw 1 yw 1 = xr yr xg yg xb yb 1 yr 1 yg 1 yb 1 1 1 x I r ′ I g ′ I b ′ - - - - ( 3 )
根据本发明的一个实施方案,由控制器34计算出所述LED光源的色度坐标。因此,由已知所需白光的色度坐标和LED光源的色度坐标,根据等式(3)便能计算出所需的相对光强。在本发明的这一实施方案中,根据预先设定的所需白光的坐标以及相应的LED光源的坐标,这些计算可以离线地完成。应注意,对应于所需白光所给出的某一色度坐标,所述相对光强总是正的而且是唯一的。
更详细的阐述如下,所述白光的色度坐标根据该白光所需的色温得出。因此,根据本发明的一种实施方案,控制器34将存储每个与用户可选择的多个色温相对应的白光的色度坐标。
而且,还可以根据控制器34测得的结温计算出所述LED光源的色度坐标。这是因为LED光源的特性会随温度发生变化。所述LED光源的光强与结温成指数变化,其峰值波长与结温成线性变化。当所述LED所发光的峰值波长发生变化时,这个LED光源的色度坐标也会发生变化。所以,当LED的结温发生改变时,从该LED发光系统得到的混合光的色度坐标就会不同于目标白光或所需彩色光。因此,没有控制器34便不能在结温变化时保证白光的目标色温。
根据本发明的一种实施方案,控制器34根据所需白光的色度坐标和所述LED光源的色度坐标,得出所需的相对光强,并调整其反馈系统维持该LED光源的此光强,以便产生与计算出的相对光强基本相等的光强。
图2所示为根据本发明一种实施方案的具有不同元件的控制器34。控制器34包括一个前馈温度补偿器70用于接收:(1)来自温度传感器32的LED结温;(2)用户在输入端UI1输入的发光选择色或白光的色温。前馈温度补偿器70用于提供LED光源的相对光强。
相对光强存储器72与前馈温度补偿器70相连。该存储器存储了事先已经根据本发明实施方案计算得出的相对光强,其阐述如下。
已知能指定目标色温的白光或所需彩色光的色度坐标,便可按结温的一种函数离线地计算出红、绿、蓝LED光源的所需相对光强。
为了按结温的函数得出相对光强,可根据LED厂商给出的数据按结温函数计算出红、绿、蓝光源所发光的色度坐标。接着,对于所有所需白光的色度坐标,按结温函数离线地计算出所需红、绿、蓝光源的相对光强。最后,将按结温函数计算出的相对光强存储在相对光强存储器72中。根据结温和输出光的所需颜色,前馈温度补偿器用于修正存储的相对光强。应注意,虽然对于输出光是指所需的白光,但是也能通过提供其它所需颜色光的相应色度坐标来生成其它所需的颜色。
控制器34还包括一个与前馈温度补偿器70相连的变暗控制器74,用来接收用户在输入端UI2输入的对LED光源阵列产生的混合光加亮或变暗的控制。这样,将目标光的总光强与相对光强相乘便可得到LED光源必须产生的光强。变暗控制器74与光强模块76相连,该模块是控制器34用来在其光反馈系统中维持LED光源所需光强值的装置。
控制器34还包括一个泛光照明/聚光照明控制器75,用于接收用户在输入端UI3输入的所需泛光照明或聚光照明。控制器75确定在每个LED光源阵列中需要驱动哪些LED以满足所需照明。从控制器75一个输出端向每个LED光源阵列中的所述LED发出控制指令。另外,根据本发明另一实施方案,控制器75的另一个输出端向光强模块78输出光强指令。
光强模块78被配置用来存储每个光源阵列中的每个LED光源所需的光强。因此控制器34使用了如下一种装置,其中可以实现所需的白色色温或所需的显色指数或所需的泛光或聚光照明。
光强模块78与加法器80的一个输入端相连,作为控制器34所使用的光反馈控制装置的一部分。该加法器的输出端与光强控制器82相连,该控制器将产生相应的信号送至转换器12和独立电源14,18和20。
光反馈系统86通过使用光反馈传感器30得到所述LED光源的光强,并将接收到的光信号转换成相应的电信号。光反馈系统86的一个输出端与反馈回路装置中加法器80的第二输入端相连。
根据本发明的不同实施方案计算出所述LED光源的结温。但本发明并不仅限于这里讨论的某个特定的实施方案,其它用于测量所述LED光源结温的装置均可采用。因此根据本发明的一种实施方案,一种方法就是利用LED两端的正向电压降来测量结温。一个LED两端的正向电压降与所述温度呈线性变化。因此能够通过测出在光源阵列中的一串LED两端的正向电压降并利用正向电压降中的变化来确定所述LED的平均结温。在某些情况下,通过LED光源的正向电压变化可能很小。因此,对于大量LED串联的情况使用这种实施方案很有利,因为对于所述结温的精确测量来说有足够大的LED正向压降。
根据本发明另一实施方案,也可以利用由所述光反馈系统和温度传感器的测量得到所述LED的结温。首先,当该发光系统未工作时,LED的结温等于开始时测量时的外壳温度,该温度在开始时可以测量。作为开始处理的一部分,还要测量测试条件下所述LED光源的输出。作为测试条件,为LED光源提供测试电流。短暂地接通LED光源,那么结温几乎不变。对应于测试电流If1以及外壳温度T1检测器30的输出为IV1。已知所述LED的光输出与正向电流成正比,而且与温度呈指数变化。所以,所述光检测器在温度T1的输出IV1可表示为: I v 1 ( T 1 ) = k v 1 · I f 1 · e - ( T 1 - T n ) / T 0 - - - - ( 4 )
其中,kV1是所述光检测器输出与前向电流之间的增益常数,Tn是标称温度,T0是厂商提供的常数,定义为该LED的强度温度系数,它说明LED光强如何随着温度变化。当所述白色LED发光系统接通并工作时,LED的结温慢慢上升。LED的光强会随着结温的上升而下降。现在便能根据工作电流If2来测量LED的光强。所述光检测器对应于结温T2的输出IV2(T2)通过下式得到, I V 2 ( T 2 ) = k v 1 · I f 2 · e - ( ( T 2 ) - T n ) / T 0 - - - - ( 5 )
接着便能得出: I v 2 ( T 2 ) I v 1 ( T 1 ) = I f 2 I f 1 e - ( T 1 - T 2 ) / T 0 - - - - ( 6 )
解方程(6)求得T2。测试电流If1优选地是在开始时的电流,它可以是预先设定的值。电流If1最好设定为在温度T2的工作电流,这样不用施加任何测试电流便能进行测量。求解T2-T1涉及指数常数。因此,能够离线地求出这些指数常数,并存储在存储阵列查询表中。这样,通过检查事先存储的对应于指数常数的结果便能得到T2-T1。所述查询表可被周期性地更新以反映这些LED的寿命。结温的变化能够根据上述表达式得出。根据本发明的另一实施方案,能够用一种简单的近似来求解上述方程。
根据上述实施方案来确定结温具有显著优点。例如,它能克服所述LED的参数因其寿命而发生的变化。
控制器34将光反馈系统86(图2)和所述结温传感器32(图1)的输出作为输入,因此,该控制器控制供电输出以保证目标光应对于白光或其所需色彩的光具有所需的色温。由于所述电源由高频PWM转换器构成,所以所述控制器到该电源的输出或是代表PWM脉冲的占空比,或是代表接通时间。
根据本发明的不同实施方案,所述控制器的功能由模拟和/或数字电路实现。但是,对于本发明的目的数字方法尤其适合。例如,带有数字装置的控制器34使用低成本微控制器和数字信号处理器(OSP)。
图3为根据本发明一种实施方案的控制器34的工作流程图。当在步骤102接通灯电源时,则在步骤104提供用户所需白光或其它色彩光的色温。而且,在步骤104,控制器34为响应用户的色彩需求,根据用户的请求来调整相应于白光所需的温度和颜色的色度成分。
在步骤106,控制器34利用上述图1中的温度传感器32来测定所述LED光源阵列的结温。在步骤108,该控制器检索那些在该发光系统工作之前就已离线地存储的所需相对光强。如前所述,与已计算出的所述相对光强一起,将作为温度函数的LED光源的色度存储在控制器34中,这样,根据所述的结温和光颜色,从控制器34的存储阵列中读出所述LED光源的所需相对光强。
在步骤110,控制器34接收用户输入的亮度或暗度。结果,通过将所述相对光强与该白光的总光强相乘计算出所述LED光源的所需光强。用这些计算出的LED光源阵列的光强来确定该光强控制系统的参考值。
在步骤112,控制器34还测出用户对泛光或聚光照明模式操作的要求,并使每个光源阵列中相应的LED光源发出泛光或聚光照明束。
一旦获得所需的LED光源的参考光强,所述控制器便在步骤114执行对红、绿、蓝LED光源的光强控制。所述光强控制系统对电源进行控制,以便LED光源的光输出等于所述参考光强。控制器34连续进行光强控制操作,直到判断步骤116确定出温度测量时间以及用户输入已产生。其结果是控制器34返回步骤104。
图4为对红、绿、蓝LED光源进行光强控制的流程图。在步骤132控制器34等待采样时间的产生,以获得所述LED光源的光强,后面还将参照图5对此进行说明和描述。
在步骤134,控制器34得到红、绿、蓝LED光源的光强,在步骤136,控制器34执行对红LED光源的光强控制。在步骤138,控制器34向对应于红LED光源阵列的电源18(图1)发出相应的控制信号。类似地,在步骤140,控制器34执行对绿LED光源的光强控制。在步骤142,控制器34向对应于绿LED光源阵列的电源14(图1)发出相应的控制信号。在步骤144,控制器34执行对蓝LED光源的光强控制。在步骤146,控制器34向对应于蓝LED光源阵列的电源20(图1)发出相应的控制信号。
图5为测量每个LED光源阵列光强的测量步骤流程图。当“接通”所有LED光源使所述发光系统开始工作时,在步骤202测量光强,包括测量环境光成分。在步骤204,开始测量单个LED光源阵列,例如,暂时“关掉”红LED光源阵列并在步骤206进行测量。在步骤208重新“接通”红LED光源阵列,并在步骤210根据两次测量之差得出红LED光源阵列的光强。
同样,在步骤212,暂时“关掉”绿LED光源阵列并在步骤214进行测量。在步骤216重新“接通”绿LED光源阵列,并在步骤218计算出两次测量之差得出绿LED光源阵列的光强。
同样,在步骤220,暂时“关掉”蓝LED光源阵列并在步骤222进行测量。在步骤224重新“接通”蓝LED光源阵列,并在步骤226计算出两次测量之差得出蓝LED光源阵列的光强。
根据本发明的一个实施方案,参照图5所述的测量顺序还克服了环境光影响的问题。对所有三种LED光源阵列进行测量并得出这些LED光源的光强。然后,按顺序对红、绿、蓝LED光源阵列执行LED光源阵列的光强控制。
因此,根据本发明的不同实施方案,采用白色发光控制系统能够精确有效地保持白色色温和光强的所需级别。

Claims (14)

1.一种用于为LED光源(24,22,28)提供电源以产生所需光颜色的LED发光系统(8),所述LED发光系统包括:
一个电源级(10),被配置用于提供DC电流信号;
一个与所述电源级(10)相连的光混合电路(26),所述光混合电路(26)包括多个被配置用于接收所述DC电流信号的LED光源(24,22,28);和
一个与所述电源级(10)相连的控制系统(34),被配置用于向所述电源级(10)提供控制信号,以使所述DC电流信号保持在所需电平上,所述控制系统(34)还被配置用来根据LED光源的结温和希望在所述光混合电路(26)上生成的光的色度坐标来测出与所述LED光源(24,22,28)有关的相对光强。
2.根据权利要求1的LED发光系统,其中,所述光混合电路还包括多个红、绿、蓝LED光源。
3.根据权利要求2的LED发光系统,其中,所述光混合电路还包括:一个温度传感器(32),用于测量与所述LED光源有关的温度;和一个光探测器(30),用于测量所述LED光源所发光的光强水平。
4.根据权利要求3的LED发光系统,其中,所述光控制器还包括一个存储表(72),用于存储作为所述LED光源结温的函数的相对光强和所需光颜色的色度坐标。
5.根据权利要求4的LED发光系统,其中,所述LED光源的结温根据所述LED光源的正向电压降测出。
6.根据权利要求4的LED发光系统,其中,所述LED光源的结温根据供给所述LED光源的电流信号和相对于该电源信号的光强水平被测出。
7.根据权利要求6的LED发光系统,其中,所述结温通过求解下式测出: I v 2 ( T 2 ) I v 1 ( T 1 ) = I f 2 I f 1 e - ( T 1 - T 2 ) / T 0
其中,IV1(T1),IV2(T2)是所述LED光源在特定温度T1,T2下的光强,If1,If2是对应于所述特定温度向所述LED光源提供的电流信号,T0是常数。
8.用于在LED发光系统(8)中向LED光源(24,22,28)供电以产生所需光颜色的方法,该方法包括以下步骤:
产生多个DC电流信号;
由多个LED光源(24,22,28)接收一个相应的DC电流信号以产生相应的绿色,蓝色和红色光;以及
根据所述LED光源的结温和希望由所述多个LED光源生成的光的色度坐标来测出与所述LED光源有关的相对光强。
9.根据权利要求8的方法,其中,所述计算相对光强的步骤还包括以下步骤:
以所述LED光源的结温为函数测出所述LED光源的色度坐标;
以所述的结温和多个所需光颜色级的色度坐标为函数产生多个相对光强;以及
以结温为函数存储所述的相对光强。
10.根据权利要求9的方法,还包括该步骤:根据与所述相对光强有关的所述LED光源的发光级提供反馈控制以保证所需的光颜色。
11.根据权利要求10的方法,还包括该步骤:测量与所述LED光源有关的温度和测量由所述LED光源产生的光的光强水平。
12.根据权利要求11的方法,还包括该步骤:根据所述LED光源的正向电压降计算出该LED光源的所述结温。
13.根据权利要求11的方法,还包括该步骤:根据供给所述LED光源的电流信号以及对应于该电流信号的光强水平计算出所述LED光源的结温。
14.根据权利要求13的方法,其中所述计算步骤还包括求解 I v 2 ( T 2 ) I v 1 ( T 1 ) = I f 2 I f 1 e - ( T 1 - T 2 ) / T 0
其中,IV1(T1),IV2(T2)是所述LED光源在特定温度T1,T2下的光强,If1,If2是对应于所述特定温度向所述LED光源提供的电流信号,T0是常数。
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US6441558B1 (en) 2002-08-27
US20020097000A1 (en) 2002-07-25
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EP1346609A2 (en) 2003-09-24
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