CN1312265C - 包胶的芳香化学品 - Google Patents
包胶的芳香化学品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1312265C CN1312265C CNB2003101015044A CN200310101504A CN1312265C CN 1312265 C CN1312265 C CN 1312265C CN B2003101015044 A CNB2003101015044 A CN B2003101015044A CN 200310101504 A CN200310101504 A CN 200310101504A CN 1312265 C CN1312265 C CN 1312265C
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- spices
- wash
- polymkeric substance
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Abstract
公开了聚合包胶的香料,它适合用在个人护理和清洁产品中。在本发明优选的实施方案中,香料被第一聚合物材料包胶,形成香料包胶的聚合物,聚合物包胶的壳然后用阳离子聚合物的混合物涂敷,在优选的实施方案中,涂敷的聚合物是聚胺和(氯甲基)环氧乙烷或(溴甲基)环氧乙烷的反应产物。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及用聚合材料包胶的香料,包胶的香料进一步用阳离子聚合物材料涂覆。包胶的香料很适合于与个人的护理和清洁产品有关的洗净应用。
发明背景
芳香化学品应用在许多产品中,提高消费者对产品的享受。芳香化学品加到消费的产品中,比如:洗衣洗涤剂、织物柔顺剂、肥皂、洗涤剂,个人护理产品,比如:洗发香波、沐浴露、除臭剂等,以及许多其他产品。
为了提高香料对使用者的有效性,已使用了各种技术增强香料在需要时释放。一种广泛使用的技术是把香料包胶在保护性涂层中。保护性涂层经常是聚合材料。聚合材料用于防止在使用前香料挥发、反应、氧化或以其他方式散发。聚合物包胶的香料的简述,在下列美国专利中公开:美国专利号4,081,384,揭示了适合用在织物调理剂中的柔顺剂或涂敷了缩聚物的抗静电芯;美国专利号5,112,688揭示了选择的、具有适合挥发性的、通过以壁的形式用微粒凝聚涂敷的香料,壁在织物调理中可被活化;美国专利5,145,842揭示了脂肪醇、酯的固体芯,或其他固体加用氨基塑料层涂覆的香料;美国专利6,248,703揭示了把香料包含在氨基塑料层中的各种试剂,氨基塑料层包含在压出的条形肥皂中。这里列出的上述美国专利全文供参考。
虽然香料包封在聚合层中可有助于防止香料降解和损失,但经常不足以明显地改进香料在消费产品中的性能。所以,公开了帮助包胶香料沉积的方法。美国专利号4,234,627揭示了涂有氨基塑料层的液态香料,而该层进一步用不溶于水的可熔融阳离子涂料涂敷,以便改进从织物调理剂沉积胶囊。美国专利号6,194,375揭示了使用水解的聚乙烯醇帮助从洗涤产品沉积香料聚合物颗粒。美国专利号6,329,057揭示了使用具有自由羟基基团或阳离子侧基的材料,帮助从消费产品沉积香料的固体颗粒。
尽管有这些以及许多其他揭示,仍不断需求改进各种洗净产品的香料释放,提供改进的性能。
发明的概述
本发明涉及聚合物包胶的香料,聚合物包胶的香料进一步用阳离子聚合物处理,以改进沉积。
更具体地说,本发明涉及一种组合物,其包括:
香料;所述的香料由聚合物包胶,形成聚合物包胶的香料;聚合物包胶的香料进一步由阳离子聚合物涂敷。在发明的优选实施方案中,阳离子聚合物选自聚酰胺和阳离子杂环化合物,以及它们的混合物。在本发明更优选的实施方案中,阳离子材料包括1H-咪唑与(氯甲基环氧乙烷)和1,6-己二胺的聚合物、N-(6-氨基己基)-与(氯甲基)环氧乙烷的聚合物。尤其,已知在Chemical Abstract Service number(CAS)68797-57-9下,1H-咪唑和(氯甲基)环氧乙烷的反应产物。另外,优选的是包括1,6-己二胺,N-(6-氨基己基)与(氯甲基)环氧乙烷的聚合物,已知在CAS 67953-56-4下。这些材料可在Regency,Chemicals,Leics,England购买。还揭示了制备阳离子涂敷聚合物包胶香料的方法。在一个优选的实施方式,香料为组合物的10-50重量%。
本发明还涉及一种赋予洗净产品嗅觉有效量的香料的方法,包括下列步骤:提供香料;用聚合物包胶香料,形成聚合物包胶的香料;将阳离子聚胺聚合物提供到聚合物包胶香料的表面,形成阳离子涂敷的聚合物包胶材料;和将涂敷的聚合物包胶材料,提供到洗净产品。优选的包胶聚合物选自乙烯基聚合物、丙烯酸酯聚合物、蜜胺-甲醛、脲甲醛以及它们的混合物。
本发明很适合用在洗净产品中,它们是应用于底物、然后以一些方法除去的产品。使用本发明的阳离子涂有聚合物的包胶香料的特别优选产品包括,但不限于,洗发和宠物香波,头发调理剂,洗衣粉,织物调理剂等。本发明的这些及其他实施方案,在参阅下面的本发明的图和描述下,将变得更清楚。
发明的详细描述
适合用于本发明的香料包括,但不限于,香料、精油、植物提取物的任何组合或其相容并能被聚合物包胶的混合物。
本发明中可使用许多类型的香料,唯一的限制是相容性,以及被所用聚合物包胶的能力。适合的香料包括,但不限于,水果,比如:杏仁、苹果、樱桃、葡萄、梨、菠萝、橘子、草莓、覆盆子;麝香,花香,比如:象熏衣草、玫瑰、鸢尾和康乃馨的香味。其他愉悦的香味包括香草的香味,比如:迷迭香、百里香和鼠尾草;产生自松木、云杉和其他森林气息的林地香味。香味也可产生自各种油,比如,精油或产生自植物材料,比如:薄荷、留兰香等。在本发明中也可应用其他熟悉和常用的香味,比如:婴儿粉、爆米花、比萨饼、棉花糖等。
适用香料的说明在美国专利4,534,891,5,112,688和5,145,842中提供,它们的内容在此作为参考。适用香料的另一个来源在
香水化妆品和肥皂(第二版,W.A.Poucher编著,1959)中找到。在这篇论文中提供的香料是阿拉伯树胶、金合欢、麦心蓝、仙客来(cylamen)、蕨类植物、栀子花、山楂、天芥莱、金银花、风信子、茉莉、紫丁香、百合、木兰、含羞草、水仙、刚割的干草、橙黄花、兰花、木樨草、香豌豆、车轴草(trefle)、晚香玉、香子兰、紫罗兰、罗兰花等。
如这里使用的,嗅觉有效量理解为是指香料组合物中,各组分对其特殊香味的贡献的化合物量,但香料组合物的嗅觉作用是每一香料成分作用的总和。因此,通过改变组合物中另一成分贡献的嗅觉反应,发明的化合物可用于改变香料组合物的芳香特性。此量可根据许多因素变化,包括其他成分、它们的相对量及所需的作用。
在涂有阳离子聚合物的包胶香料中香料的含量,以干基计约在5-95重量%变化,优选约40-95重量%,最优选约50-90重量%。除香料外,其他试剂可与香料一起使用,并理解为包括其他试剂。
如上面提到的,香料也可与多种用于增加各种材料兼容性的溶剂结合,增加掺合物的整体疏水性,影响材料的蒸汽压力,或用来构成掺合物。具有这些功能的溶剂在本领域是已知的,包括矿物油、甘油三酯油、硅油、脂肪、蜡、脂肪醇和邻苯二甲酸二乙酯。
许多包胶方法的共同特征是:在形成胶囊壁前,要求包胶的香料分散在聚合物、予缩合物、表面活性剂等的水溶液中。所以,优选具有低水溶性的材料,比如:高疏水的材料,因为它们倾向于留在分散的香料相中,只分配很少进入水溶液。香料的Clog P值大于1,优选大于3,最优选大于5,这样,形成的微胶囊含有最类似于最初组合物的芯,与形成胶囊壁材料反应的可能性较小。
本发明的一个目的是:在洗涤和漂洗过程中,把含香料芯的胶囊沉积在要求的底物上,比如:衣服、头发和皮肤。而且,希望一旦沉积,胶囊经小的裂缝或者物理或机械方式干燥造成的胶囊壁中的缺陷,通过胶囊壁扩散,或者通过胶囊壁的大规模破裂释放包胶的香料。在这些情况的每一情况中,包胶香料的挥发性对释放速度和持续时间是关键性的,它又控制消费者的感觉。因此,在要求香料迅速释放和冲击的情况下,优选具有较高挥发性的香料化学品,表现为正常沸点低于250℃,优选低于约225℃。相反,具有较低挥发性的香料化学品(沸点高于225℃),在要求较长的香味持续时间时是优选的。当然,具有不同挥发性的香料化学品可以任何比例混合,从而达到要求的速度和感觉持续时间。
为了产生来自沉积于上面各种底物上香料包胶胶囊的最大香味冲击,优选使用具有高气味活性的材料。具有高气味活性的材料,可通过感觉接受器在空气中低浓度检测,由此,从低含量的沉积胶囊,产生高的香味感觉。这性质必须与上面所述的挥发性相平衡。上面提到的一些原理,在美国专利5,112,688中公开。
而且,很明显,除香料外的材料可应用在这里所述的体系中。利用本发明从洗净产品有效沉积的其他材料的例子包括:防晒剂、柔顺剂、驱虫剂和织物调理剂等。
香料的包胶在本领域是已知的,参见例如:美国专利号2,800,457、3,870,542、3,516,941、3,415,758、3,041,288、5,112,688、6,329,057和6,261,483,所有这些在这里引为参考。香料包胶的另一个讨论在Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia中可找到。
优选的包胶聚合物包括从蜜胺(三聚氰胺)-甲醛或脲-甲醛缩合物形成的聚合物,以及类似类型的氨基塑料。另外,经简单或复杂的明胶凝聚制备的胶囊,也优选带有涂层供使用。有壳壁的胶囊由聚氨酯、聚酰胺、聚烯烃、多糖、蛋白质、硅氧烷、类脂、改性纤维素、树胶、聚丙烯酸酯、多磷酸酯、聚苯乙烯和聚酯组成,或这些材料的组合。
用于氨基塑料包胶的代表性方法,在美国专利号3,516,941中揭示,此专利认为:关于材料和工艺步骤的许多变化是可能的。用于明胶包胶的代表性方法在美国专利号2,800,457中揭示,而且认为:关于材料和工艺步骤的许多变化是可能的。这两种方法分别在美国专利号4,145,184和5,112,688的香料包胶用于消费产品的文中讨论。
除上面所述的聚合物外,熟知的材料比如:溶剂、表面活性剂、乳化剂等可用于包胶香料而不偏离本发明的范围。术语“包胶的”可理解为意指:香料整体被基本上覆盖。根据应用的包胶技术,包胶可提供空隙或裂缝开口。本发明更优选全部香料部分被包胶。
包括香料和各种聚合和非聚合基质材料的颗粒也适合使用。它们可由聚合物组成,比如:聚乙烯、脂肪、蜡、或各种其他适合的材料。基本上可使用任何胶囊、颗粒或分散的小滴,其在应用中相当稳定,一旦沉积,香料在适当时间释放。
颗粒或胶囊直径可约在10纳米-1000微米变化,优选约50纳米-100微米,最优选约2-15微米。胶囊的分布可以是窄的、宽的、或多峰形的。多峰形分布可以由不同类型的胶囊化学品组成。
一旦香料被包胶,将带阳离子电荷的水溶性聚合物涂布到香料包胶的聚合物。这水溶性聚合物也可是具有阳离子和阴离子官能度比例的、形成净总电荷是零和正的,即,阳离子的两性聚合物。本领域的技术人员都知道,根据使用这技术的产品,通过变化pH可调节这些聚合物的电荷。可使用任何把带阳离子电荷的材料涂到包胶香料上的适合方法。有助于胶囊传送至界面的带阳离子电荷的合适聚合物的性质取决于与胶囊壁化学性质的相容性,因为必须存在一些与胶囊壁的结合。这结合可通过物理相互作用,比如:氢键、离子相互作用、疏水相互作用、电子转移相互作用、或者,聚合物涂层可用化学方法(共价地)接枝到胶囊或颗粒表面。胶囊或颗粒表面的化学改性,是聚合物涂层最佳锚固到胶囊或颗粒表面上的另一方法。而且,需要胶囊和聚合物到要求的界面,所以,需要与该界面的化学性质(例如,极性)相容。所以,根据使用的胶囊化学性质和界面(例如,棉、聚酯、头发、皮肤、羊毛),阳离子聚合物选自一个或多个具有总电荷为零(两性的:阳离子和阴离子官能团的混合物)聚合物或净正电荷的聚合物,所述聚合物基于下列聚合物主链:多糖、多肽、聚碳酸酯、聚酯、聚烯烃的(乙烯基、丙烯酸类、丙烯酰胺、聚二烯),聚酯、聚醚、聚氨酯、聚噁唑啉、聚胺、硅氧烷、聚膦嗪、聚杂环的或聚紫罗烯,分子量(MW)的范围约在1000-1000,000,000,优选约5000-10,000,000。这里使用的分子量以重均分子量提供。这些阳离子聚合物可能通过凝聚形成,可任选地与非离子的和阴离子的聚合物及表面活性剂结合使用。
可用来涂布包胶香料的阳离子聚合物的更详细的说明在下面提供:
多糖包括,但不限于,瓜耳胶、藻酸盐、淀粉、黄原胶、聚氨基葡糖、纤维素、葡聚糖、阿拉伯胶、角叉菜胶、透明质酸酯。这些多糖可在以下情况下使用:
a)阳离子改性和烷氧基-阳离子改性,比如;阳离子羟乙基、阳离子羟丙基。例如,阳离子试剂的选择是3-氯-2-羟丙基三甲基氯化铵或其环氧化物。另一个例子是纤维素上聚DADMAC的接枝-共聚物,如:CelquatL-200(polyquaternium-4),Polyquaternium-10和Polyquaternium-24,可从NatonalStarch,Bridgewater,N.J.购得;
b)醛、羧基、琥珀酸酯、醋酸酯、烷基、酰胺、磺酸酯、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基,以及这些官能团的组合。直链淀粉和支链淀粉的任何组合和多糖的总分子量;和
c)任何疏水改性(与多糖主链的极性相比)。
上面(a)(b)和(c)中所述的改性可以任何比率,并官能化的程度最高至所有可官能化的基团完全取代,只要聚合物的理论净电荷是零(阳离子和阴离子官能团的混合物)或优选正的。而且,最多5个不同类型的官能团可连接到多糖上。除了主链外,聚合物接枝链可被不同地改性。抗衡离子可以是任何卤离子或有机抗衡离子。美国专利号6,297,203和6,200,554在此供参考。
阳离子聚合物的另一个来源含可质子化的胺基,这样总的净电荷是零(两性的:阳离子和阴离子官能团的混合物)或正的。使用时的pH将决定聚合物的总的净电荷。例子有丝蛋白、玉米蛋白、明胶、角蛋白、胶原和任何多肽,比如:聚赖氨酸。
阳离子聚合物还包括聚乙烯基聚合物,具有最多5个不同类型的单体,具有单体通式-C(R2)(R1)-CR2R3-。也可使用在这说明书中列出的任何类型的共聚单体。全部聚合物具有理论净的正电荷或等于零(阳离子和阴离子官能团的混合物)。R1是C1-C25的烷基或H;双键数的范围0-5。而且,R1可以是具有任何烷氧基碳链、烷氧基数和C1-C25烷基链的烷氧基化的脂肪醇。R1也可以是可给予聚合物热致液晶性质的液晶部分,或选择的烷基可造成侧链熔融。上式中,R2是H或CH3;R3是-C1、-NH2、-NHR1、-NR1R2、-NR1R2 R6(这里R6=R1、R2,或-CH2-COOH或其盐)、-NH-C(O)-H、-C(O)-NH2(酰胺)、-C(O)-N(R2)(R2’)(R2”)、-OH、苯乙烯磺酸盐、吡啶、吡啶-N-氧化物、季铵化吡啶、卤化咪唑啉_、卤化咪唑_、咪唑、哌啶、吡咯烷酮、烷基-取代的吡咯烷酮、己内酰胺或吡啶、苯基-R4或萘-R5,其中R4和R5是R1、R2、R3,磺酸或其碱盐、-COOH、-COO-碱盐、乙氧基硫酸盐或任何其他有机抗衡离子。可使用这些R3基团的任何混合物。而且,含羟基烷基乙烯基胺单元的适合阳离子聚合物,如美国专利号6057404中公开的,在此结合供参考。
另一类材料是聚丙烯酸酯,有最多5个不同类型单体,单体的通式:-CH(R1)-C(R2)(CO-R3-R4)-。也可使用此说明书列出的任何类型的共聚单体。全部聚合物具有净理论正电荷或等于零(阳离子和阴离子官能团的混合物)。在上式中,R1是C1-C25烷基或H,具有双键数0-5;芳族部分,聚硅氧烷,或它们的混合物。而且,R1可以是具有任何烷氧基碳链,烷氧基团的数目和C1-C25烷基链的烷氧基化的脂肪醇。R1也可以是赋予聚合物热致液晶性质的液晶部分,或者,选择的烷基可造成侧链熔融。R2是H或CH3;R3是C1-C25的烷基醇或具有任何双键数的烯化氧,或者R3可以没有,这样,C=O键(经C-原子)直接连接到R4上。R4是:-NH2、-NHR1、-NR1R2、-NR1R2 R6(这里R6=R1、R2,或-CH2-COOH或其盐)、-NH-C(O)-、磺基甜菜碱、甜菜碱、聚环氧乙烷、带有任何端基的聚(环氧乙烷/环氧丙烷/环氧丁烷)接枝物、H、OH、苯乙烯磺酸盐、吡啶、季铵化吡啶、烷基-取代的吡咯烷酮或吡啶、吡啶-N-氧化物、卤化咪唑啉_、卤化咪唑鎓、咪唑、哌啶、-OR1、-OH、-COOH碱盐、磺酸盐、乙氧基硫酸盐、吡咯烷酮、己内酰胺、苯基-R4或萘-R5,这里、R4和R5是R1、R2、R3,磺酸或其碱盐或有机抗衡离子。可使用任何混合物或这些R3基团。而且,可使用二羟乙酸化的阳离子聚丙烯酰胺。选择的典型聚合物是含阳离子单体甲基丙烯酸二甲基氨基乙酯(DMAEMA)或甲基丙烯酰基酰氨基丙基三甲基氯化铵(MAPTAC)。DMAEMA可从ISP的Gafquat和Gaffix VC-713聚合物中找到。MAPTAC可在BASF的Luviquat PQ11 PN和ISP的Gafquat HS100中找到。
另一组可使用的聚合物是主链或骨架中含阳离子基团的聚合物。包括在该组中的是:
(1)聚亚烷基亚胺,比如:聚乙烯亚胺,可从BASF以Lupasol购得。任何分子量和任何程度交联的该聚合物,可用在本发明中;
(2)具有通式-[N(+)R1R2-A1-N(R5)-X-N(R6)-A2-N(+)R3R4-A3]n-2Z-的紫罗烯,如美国专利号4395541和4597962中揭示的,在此结合供参考;
(3)己二酸/二甲基氨基羟丙基二亚乙基三胺共聚物,比如,可从Sandoz购得的Cartaretin F-4和F-23;
(4)通式-[N(CH3)2-(CH2)x-NH-(CO)-NH-(CH2)y-N(CH3)2-(CH2)z-O-(CH2)p]n-的聚合物,x,y,z,p=1-12,n根据分子量的要求。例子是Polyqauternium 2(Mirapol A-15),Polyquaternium-17(Mirapol AD-1),和Polyquaternium-18(Mirapol AZ-1)。
其他聚合物包括阳离子聚硅氧烷和有碳基接枝的、有净理论正电荷或等于零(阳离子和阴离子官能团的混合物)的阳离子聚硅氧烷。这包括阳离子端基官能的硅氧烷(即,Polyquaternium-80)。具有一般结构的硅氧烷:-[Si(R1)(R2)-O-]x-[Si(R3)(R2)-O-]y-,其中R1是C1-C25的任何烷基或H,双键数0-5;芳族部分,聚硅氧烷接枝物,或它们的混合物。R1也可以是赋予聚合物热致液晶性质的液晶部分,或者,选择的烷基可造成侧链熔融。R2是H或CH3,R3可以是-R1-R4,这里R4可以是:-NH2、-NHR1、-NR1R2、-NR1R2 R6(这里R6=R1,R2,或-CH2-COOH或其盐)、-NH-C(O)-、-COOH、-COO-碱盐、任何C1-C25醇、-C(O)-NH2(酰胺)、-C(O)-N(R2)(R2’)(R2”)、磺基甜菜碱、甜菜碱、聚环氧乙烷、带有任何端基的聚(环氧乙烷/环氧丙烷/环氧丁烷)接枝物、H、OH、苯乙烯磺酸盐、吡啶、季铵化吡啶、烷基-取代的吡咯烷酮或吡啶、吡啶-N-氧化物、卤化咪唑啉鎓、卤化咪唑鎓、咪唑、哌啶、吡咯烷酮、己内酰胺、-COOH、-C00-碱盐、磺酸盐、乙氧基硫酸盐、苯基-R5或萘-R6、这里,R5和R6是R1、R2、R3、磺酸或其碱盐或有机抗衡离子。R3也可是-(CH2)x-O-CH2-CH(OH)-CH2-N(CH3)2-CH2-C00H和其盐。可选择这些R3基团的任何混合物。只要聚合物的理论净电荷是零(两性的)或正的,x和y可变化。另外,可使用含最多5个不同类型单体单元的聚硅氧烷。适合的聚硅氧烷的例子可在美国专利号4,395,541,4,597,962和6,200,554中找到,结合在此供参考。可用于改进胶囊/颗粒沉积的另一组聚合物是用阳离子聚硅氧烷改性的磷脂。这些聚合物的例子在美国专利号5849313,WO专利申请9518096A1和欧洲专利EP0737183B1中可找到,结合在此供参考。
而且,可使用硅氧烷和多糖及蛋白质的共聚物(Crodasone系列)。
另一类聚合物包括任何比率环氧乙烷/环氧丙烷/环氧丁烷,与阳离子基团形成净理论正电荷或等于零(两性的)的环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷-环氧丁烷共聚物。一般结构是:
其中,R1,2,3,4是-NH2,-N(R)3-X+,R与R是H或任何烷基。R5,6是-CH3或H。抗衡离子是卤离子或有机抗衡离子。X,Y是任何整数,有平均和标准偏差的分布,所有12可以不同。这些聚合物的例子是市售的TETRONIC牌聚合物。
适合的多杂环(在骨架中显示不同分子量)聚合物包括哌嗪-亚烷基主链共聚物,在
Ind.Eng.Chem.Fundam.,(1986),25,pp.120-125,由Isamu Kashiki和Akira Suzuki揭示。
也适合用在本发明的是主聚合物链中含带阳离子电荷的单体的共聚物。可使用最多5种不同类型的单体。也可使用这说明书中列出的任何共聚单体。这些聚合物的例子有DADMAC与乙烯基吡咯烷酮、丙烯酰胺、咪唑、卤化咪唑啉_等的聚二烯丙基二甲基卤化铵(聚DADMAC)共聚物。这些聚合物在Henkel EP032792A和PCT专利申请01/62376A1中揭示。还有适合的是Polyquaternium-6(Merquat 100),Polyquaternium-7(Merquats S,550,和2200),Polyquaternium-22(Merquat 280和295)和Polyquaternium-39(Merquat Plus 3330),可购自Ondeo Nalco。
可使用含一般类型-CH2-C(R1)(R2-R3-R4)-的非-氮阳离子单体的聚合物,其中R1是H或C1-C20烃基。R2是二取代的苯环或酯、醚、或酰胺键。R3是C1-C20烃基,优选C1-C10,更优选C1-C4。R4可以是三烷基鏻,二烷基锍,或benzopyrilium基团,各自有卤化物抗衡离子。R4的烷基是C1-C20烃基,最优选甲基和叔丁基。这些单体可以最多5种不同类型单体共聚。也可使用这说明书中列出类型的任何共聚单体。
这些聚合物的亲和性(substantivity),通过与阳离子的、两性的、和非离子的表面活性剂和乳化剂的配制,或通过在表面活性剂和聚合物之间或不同聚合物之间凝聚的形成而进一步改进。聚合物体系的组合(包括前面提到的那些)以及EP1995/000400185中公开的可用于此目的。
而且,上面列出单体聚合成嵌段、接枝或星型(有不同臂)聚合物,经常可增加对各种表面的亲和性。在各种嵌段、接枝和臂中的单体可选自在此说明书中列出的各种聚合物类别。
聚合物,或下列聚合物的混合物:
(a)聚合物包括聚胺和(氯甲基)环氧乙烷或(溴甲基)环氧乙烷之间的反应产物。聚胺是2(R1)N-[-R2-N(R1)-]n-R2-N(R1)2、2HN-R1-NH2、2HN-R2-N(R1)2和1H-咪唑。而且,聚胺可以是蜜胺。在聚胺中的R1是H或甲基。R2是C1-C20的亚烃基或亚苯基。这些聚合物的例子已知在CAS号67953-56-4和68797-57-9中。在阳离子聚合物中(氯甲基)环氧乙烷对聚胺的比,在0.05-0.95的范围。
(b)聚合物包括链烷双酸、聚胺和(氯甲基)环氧乙烷或(溴甲基)环氧乙烷的反应产物。链烷双酸中烷基是C0-C20。聚胺结构如(a)中提到的。聚合物的另外试剂是二甲基胺、氮丙啶和聚环氧烷(任何分子量,但至少,二-羟基终端的;亚烷基是C1-20,优选C2-4)。也可使用的聚环氧烷聚合物是Tetronics系列。这里提及的聚合物的例子,已知在CAS号68583-79-9(另外的试剂是二甲基胺),96387-48-3(另外的试剂是脲),和167678-45-7(另外的试剂是聚环氧乙烷和氮丙啶)。这些试剂可以任何比例使用。
(c)聚氨基胺和聚氨基酰胺-表氯醇树脂,如David Devore和Stephen Fisher在Tappi Journal,vol.76,No.8,pp.121-128(1993)中所述。还可参见“聚酰胺-聚胺-表氯醇树脂”W.W.Moyer and R.A.Stagg in Wet-Atrength in Paper andPaperboard,Tappi Monograph Series No.29,Tappi Press(1965),Ch.3,33-37。
优选的阳离子带电材料选包括聚胺与(氯甲基)环氧乙烷的反应产物。尤其,1H-咪唑与(氯甲基)环氧乙烷的反应产物,在CAS号68797-57-9下。还优选的是1,6-己二胺、N-(6-氨基己基)与(氯甲基)环氧乙烷的反应产物,在CAS号67953-56-4下。咪唑聚合物和己二胺,氨基己基聚合物的重量比宜为约5∶95到约95∶5重量%,优选约25∶75到约75∶25。
外层阳离子聚合物的量约为1-3000%,优选约5-1000%,最优选约10-500%的含香料的组合物,以香料干基的比例为基准。
包胶聚合物对香料的重量比约1∶25至约1∶1。优选产品的包胶聚合物对香料的重量比在约1∶10至约4∶96变化。
例如,如果胶囊掺合物有20重量%香料和20重量%聚合物,聚合物比例是(20/20)乘以100(%)=100%。
本发明,包胶的香料适合于洗净产品。洗净产品被理解为:在给定的一段时间中使用,然后除去的那些产品。这些产品通常在这些领域,比如,洗衣产品,包括:清洁剂,织物调理剂等;以及个人的护理产品,包括洗发香波,护发素,沐浴露,肥皂等。
我们发现,本发明很好地应用于这些产品,包括织物漂洗调理剂,其PH小于7,优选小于约5,最优选小于约4。
较好的产品,包括洗净产品,比如,织物漂洗调理剂在限制盐含量时也可得到。织物漂洗调理剂的改进,为较长时间的留香和/或改进香味的散发。改进包胶香料释放的一个方法,是限制产品基料中的盐量。在漂洗调理产品中盐含量以产品重量计宜小于或等于约1重量%,优选小于约0.5重量%,最优选小于约0.1重量%。
具体的,发现:限制氯化钙的含量,将改进本发明包胶香料的香味释放。通过限制氯化钙的量至小于约2重量%,典型的小于1重量%,更优选小于0.5重量%,提供改进的香味释放。如本领域所知道的,加入氯化钙来控制配剂的粘度,由此在粘度和香味释放之间协调。我们发现合适制剂的氯化钙含量约为制剂的0.05-1重量%,优选约0.1-0.7重量%,最优选约0.25-0.5重量%。发现:如上所述限制氯化钙的含量,在织物漂洗调理产品中特别有利。
改进本发明包胶香料释放性能的另一种方法是限制一些软化试剂的含量。我们发现,限制软化活化剂(比如:三乙醇季铵化物,二乙醇季铵化物,ACCOSOFT阳离子表面活性剂(Stepan Chemical),或二牛油基二甲基氯化铵(DTDMAC))的量至约产品的5-30重量%,优选约10-20%,更优选织物漂洗调理产品的约12-14重量%,将改进香料的性能。上述柔顺试剂在本领域是熟知的,并在美国专利6,521,589和6,180,594中公开,它们的内容结合在此供参考。
改进本发明香料释放的另一种方法是限制应用在产品(包括织物软化产品)中的非离子表面活性剂的含量。许多非离子表面活性剂在本领域是已知的,包括烷基乙氧基化物(可以NEODOL(Shell Oil Company)购得),壬基苯酚乙氧基化物,TWEEN表面活性剂(ICI Amercas Inc.)等。我们发现,当非离子表面活性剂含量低于产品的约5重量%,优选小于约1重量%,最优选小于0.5重量%时,使用本发明包胶香料是有利的。
增强织物柔顺剂产品的另一种方法是限制包含在织物柔顺剂中的除水以外的助溶剂的含量。发现降低助溶剂的含量,比如乙醇和异丙醇,至小于产品的约5重量%,优选小于约2重量%,最优选小于织物柔顺剂产品的约1重量%,改进香味释放。
改进的香味性能包括:香味持续更长,提高在衣服上的香味亲和性,或者提供改进香味香韵的能力,比如,通过本发明使用的特殊香味的香韵。
虽然上面的描述主要对织物漂洗调理产品,但另外对洗发香波、洗涤剂和其他清洁产品的研究也得到了这些产品的优选实施方案。
如织物漂洗调理剂中发现的,另外的研究已确定:在香料用于产品基料中时,较低的pH对香味的释放是合乎需要的。优选的基料是中性的或弱酸性的,对香波、洗涤剂和其他清洁产品,优选pH7,更优选小于约5,最优选小于约4。
我们发现:粉状洗涤剂和其他清洁产品,在涂布包胶聚合物的物质也是中性的或弱酸性时,产生增强的香味释放。优选的物质是NaHSO4、乙酸、柠檬酸和其他类似的酸性物质及其混合物。这些物质的pH小于约7,优选小于约5,最优选小于约4。
如织物漂洗调理剂中所述,在本发明的香波、洗涤剂和其他清洁产品基料中使用的表面活性剂量低是有利的。表面活性剂的量优选低于产品基料的约30%,更优选低于约20重量%,最优选低于约10重量%。在香波、洗涤剂和其他清洁产品中还发现与织物漂洗调理剂类似的优选的盐含量。盐含量优选小于产品的约5重量%,更优选小于约2重量%、最优选小于0.5重量%。
在基料中存在较低的溶剂量也改进香波、洗涤剂和其他清洁产品中香味的释放。除水基外,溶剂,除水外,包括但不限于,乙醇、异丙醇、二丙二醇,水溶增溶剂量宜小于总产品基料的5重量%,更优选小于约2重量%,最优选小于1重量%。
对香波、洗涤剂和其他清洁产品的优选表面活性剂类有乙氧基化的表面活性剂,比如:烷基乙氧基化硫酸盐,(C12-C14)(环氧乙烷)nSO4M;或乙氧基化羧酸盐表面活性剂(C12-C14)(环氧乙烷)nCOOM,其中,n是1-约15,M是Na+,K+或NH4 +阳离子。本发明中更优选使用的表面活性剂类是两性离子表面活性剂,比如:烷基氧化胺,氨基乙磺酸盐,甜菜碱和磺基甜菜碱。两性离子表面活性剂在美国专利6,569,826中更详细地公开,结合在此供参考。其他市售的表面活性剂是AMPHOSOL系列的甜菜碱(Stepan Chemical);TEGOTIAN(Goldschmidt);以及HOSTAPAN和ARKOPAN(Clariant)。
与本发明包胶香料体系一起使用的最优选表面活性剂体系是非离子表面活性剂。可使用的非离子表面活性剂包括伯醇和仲醇乙氧基化物,尤其是每摩尔醇用平均1-20摩尔环氧乙烷进行乙氧基化的C8-C20脂肪族醇,特别是每摩尔醇用平均1-10摩尔环氧乙烷进行乙氧基化的C10-C15脂肪族伯醇和仲醇。非乙氧基化的非离子表面活性剂包括烷基聚苷,甘油单醚,和多羟基酰胺(葡糖酰胺)。这些非离子表面活性剂在美国专利6517588中公开,其内容结合在此供参考。
已知作为沉积助剂并在优选实施方案中也是阳离子的聚合物,可在下面的来源中找到:
化妆品用聚合物和增稠剂大全,Rober Lochhead and William From,在Cosmetics& Toiletries中,第108卷,1993年5月,95-138页。
改性淀粉:性质与用途,O.B.Wurzburg,CRC Press,1986,具体为第3,8和10章;
美国专利6,190,678和6,200,554,结合在此供参考;
PCT专利申请WO 01/62376A1,Henkel。
宜使用本发明包胶香料聚合物的洗净产品,包括洗衣粉,织物柔顺剂,漂白剂,增白剂,个人护理产品,比如:香波,染发液,雪花膏,沐浴露等。它们可以是液体、固体、糊或凝胶的任何物理形式。而且,在包胶香料的用途中所包括的应用,是包含第二个活性成分以提供对应用的额外好处。额外有益成分包括织物柔顺成分,皮肤湿润剂,防晒剂,驱虫剂和其他对应用有利的成分。还包括的是没有香味的其他有益试剂。
虽然优选的涂敷材料可简单地溶解在水中,并在加入到最后产品前与胶囊的悬浮液混合,其他的涂敷使用和涂布方式也是可能的。这些方式包括:干燥用于干的产品如洗涤剂的涂敷溶液和胶囊悬浮液,或使用较高浓度的涂料,这样形成凝胶结构,或者将涂敷材料与改进物理特性或基料相容性的其他聚合物或添加剂混合。在涂料加入前干燥或降低胶囊悬浮液的水含量也是可能的,并且,在使用一些涂敷材料时是优选的。而且,在使用一些涂敷材料时,可把涂料与包胶的香料分开加入到应用基料中。
除水以外的溶剂或助溶剂,也可与涂敷材料一起使用。这里可使用的溶剂是:(1)多元醇,比如:乙二醇,丙二醇,甘油等,(2)高极性有机溶剂,比如:吡咯烷,乙酰胺,乙二胺,哌嗪等,(3)极性聚合物的湿润剂/增塑剂,比如单糖(葡糖,蔗糖等),氨基酸,尿素和羟乙基改性的尿素等,(4)较小极性聚合物的增塑剂,比如:己二酸二异癸酯(DIDA),邻苯二甲酸酯等。
涂料聚合物也可加到含反应性组分的胶囊悬浮液,使涂料以化学方式(共价地)接枝到胶囊壁,或者涂料聚合物可在胶囊壁的交联阶段加入,使涂料的共价部分接枝发生。
而且,如果胶囊和涂料系统的稳定性由产品基料中的包含物组成,可使用大量基料与香组合物分开的产品形式。本发明的阳离子涂层的聚合物颗粒,根据使用的其他材料,可以固体和液体的形式提供。为了提供干形式的阳离子涂层聚合物,最好用本领域熟知的干燥技术干燥材料。在优选的实施方案中,材料在合适条件下喷雾干燥。喷雾干燥的颗粒也可按大小分类,提供一致的粒径和粒径分布。有利地包括本发明干颗粒的一个应用是可结合于粉状洗衣粉。另外,湿的胶囊涂层浆可被吸收到合适的干粉上,得到适合于干产品使用的可流动固体。
本发明还包括将硅氧烷或硅氧烷材料加入到含本发明包胶香料的产品中。这里使用的硅氧烷意指包括硅氧烷和硅氧烷材料。而且,包括在硅氧烷材料的定义中的阳离子和季铵化的硅氧烷。这些材料在本领域是熟知的,并包括直链和支链的聚合物。
除了硅氧烷外,本发明还包括使用类似材料的中矿物油、甘油、三酯油和类似材料的中蔗糖聚酯材料作为硅氧烷材料。为了简便起见,认为这些材料,除非另有说明,就包括在本说明书所用的术语硅氧烷中。本领域熟练的技术人员还知道,在实施本发明时可将硅氧烷与矿物油等组合加入。
在香料包胶后,宜将硅氧烷材料混合到含包胶香料的产品。硅氧烷材料可在加入包胶香料之前或之后,直接与产品基料混合。
合适的硅氧烷材料包括:氨基甲基硅酮(amodiemthicone),聚甲基烷基硅氧烷,聚二甲基烷基硅氧烷,二甲基硅酮(dimethicone),二甲基硅酮共聚醇(copolyol),二甲基硅氧烷醇(dimethiconol),二硅氧烷,环己硅氧烷,环甲基硅酮,环戊硅氧烷,苯基二甲基硅酮,苯基三甲基硅酮,硅氧烷季铵化材料,包括硅氧烷quaternium-8,和硅氧烷quatrnium-12,三甲基甲硅烷氧基酰氨基二甲基硅酮,三甲基甲硅烷氧基硅酸酯等。这些材料是熟知的市售材料,并可从供应商如:Dow Corning,Shin-Etsu,Wacker Silicones等公司购得。优选的硅氧烷是Dow Corning245液体(Dow Corning,Midland Michigan),它们被描述成含约60重量%以上十甲基环戊硅氧烷,以及小于或等于约4重量%的二甲基环硅氧烷。
氨基官能的硅油,比如在美国专利6355234和6436383中描述的,它们的内容结合供参考,也可用在本发明中。
本发明优选的硅氧烷材料的分子量(Mw)约100-200,000,优选约200-10,000,最优选约300-50,000。
硅氧烷材料的粘度一般在0.5-约25,优选约1-15,最优选约2-10平方毫米/秒,使用的是Dow Corning产品小册子描述的Corporate Test Method(协会测试方法)。
本发明中使用的硅氧烷量随产品而变化,但一般小于产品总重量的10重量%,一般约在产品总重量的0.5-8重量%。优选的硅含量约2-6重量%,最优选约3-5重量%。
硅液体可加到各种产品中,以便增强香味的释放。适合的产品包括织物调理剂和洗涤剂,个人护理产品,比如:香波,液体肥皂,沐浴露等;以及在比如好香料和古龙香水中的应用。
例如,织物柔顺剂漂洗产品的代表性配方包括下列材料:
阳离子季铵柔顺剂,约3-30重量%;
本发明包胶的香料产品,约0.1-5重量%;
硅油,约1-10重量%。
织物柔顺剂产品的剩余部分可另外无限制地含有,增白剂、分散助剂、表面活性剂、稳定剂、去污剂和水。
不希望受任何理论的束缚,认为硅氧烷液体阻止包胶香料从胶囊中浸出。虽然,提供的包胶材料防止在使用前香味损失,但是认为在洗涤剂、织物调理剂、香波和其他洗净产品中存在的表面活性剂在储存期间和使用前随着时间的流逝从胶囊浸出一些香料。认为硅氧烷液体加入到含香胶囊材料中,以硅层涂敷包胶材料,它防止香料浸出。通过加入硅油改进香味释放的另一个原理是:油填充产品基料中的赋形剂(vesticle)空隙。产品基料如洗涤剂,含有高含量的表面活性剂,理论上产品基料中高含量的表面活性剂随时间会从胶囊除去香料。将硅氧烷加入到含包胶香料的浆中,理论上使表面活性剂浸出香料变慢,由此,随着时间提供额外的和持续更长的香味释放。
在本发明的另一个实施方案中,我们发现:阳离子涂料是不需要的,硅包含在包胶混合物中,在香味的释放中可提供令人满意的性能。在本发明的这一实施方案中,香料被上面所述的聚合材料包胶,并将上面所述的硅量提供给包胶的香料。
更具体地说,本发明涉及,包括香料的组合物,所述香料由聚合物包胶,形成聚合物包胶的香料,所述聚合物包胶的香料还具有硅氧烷材料。这一实施方案与本发明的其他实施方案的不同在于:不提供阳离子聚合物。提供硅油而没有阳离子聚合物存在。上面提供了合适硅油的说明,以及使用的硅油量。
可向各种产品,包括洗净产品,包括但不限于,织物漂洗调理产品,洗涤剂,香波,沐浴露和其他清洗产品,提供聚合物包胶的硅氧烷材料。
由下面的配方举例说明书本发明优选的实施方案:
阳离子季铵柔顺剂,约3-30重量%;
聚合物包胶的含香料胶囊,约0.1-5重量%;和
硅油约1-10重量%。
配方的剩余部分包括水、漂白剂、去渍剂和其他本领域技术人员熟知的成分。
目前,本发明的作用机理尚不完全清楚。认为阳离子聚合物溶液涂敷并与聚合物胶囊结合,这样赋予与基料或底物相互作用的正电荷,以这种方式明显改进胶囊至底物表面的沉积。
应注意,使用的聚合物涂料的阳离子特性不足以确定它是否对于改进胶囊或颗粒沉积起作用。不希望受理论的束缚,假定当阳离子电荷对感兴趣的通常阴离子的底物(即,头发、皮肤和衣服)产生亲和力时,聚合物的其他物理特性对功能也是重要的。另外,认为胶囊或颗粒表面、基料成分和涂料聚合物之间的相互作用对改进沉积到给定的底物是重要的。
使用下面所述的涂料体系便于胶囊、颗粒及用阳离子电荷的聚合物涂敷的分散液滴更有效的沉积。不希望受任何理论的束缚,认为本发明的优点是由结合带阳离子电荷涂料与含香料胶囊或颗粒产生的,该带阳离子电荷涂料有助于将底物粘附到施加的产品上。我们发现:一旦包胶颗粒粘着到底物上,包胶的香料可通过如梳头发、织物的运动、洗擦皮肤等的作用,破裂或损坏聚合物涂层而释放。
通过顶空分析法,测定本发明对释放本发明香料和其他成份的增强。顶空分析可提供在本发明提供的所需底物上所含香料的测量。本发明提供在底物上的香料含量,用传统方法沉积到底物上香含量高得多。如下列实施例所证实的,本发明可释放到底物上的香料含量,比普通方法高约2倍,优选高约3倍,比传统的方法更优选高约5倍。
例如,这可通过测量含有用惯用方法赋于的香波中香味的测试头发样品的香料含量,与本发明赋于的香料含量相比较。应使用相同的香味,以相同的方法洗相同的试验头发。从头发洗擦释放香味后,对照的试验头发样品上的香料含量和本发明的香料含量可通过顶空分析测量。由于本发明香料对头发优良的附着性,各样品的顶空分析证明:与惯用方法所施加的香料相比,改进了香料的水含量。
为了更好控制和测量洗擦或摩擦时香味从底物(即,头发或棉布)释放,固定重量的洗过并干燥的底物放在定制的、含有SILCOSTEEL(Resteck Corp.,Bellefont,PA)处理的钢球轴承的玻璃容器中。在平衡时用Tenax活门从容器收集顶部空间。在含底物的容器与平台振动器上的钢珠一起振动20分钟后,收集第二顶部空间。来自未振动和振动底物和随后吸在Tenax活门中的、存在于顶部空间的香料,通过Gerstel热解吸系统(Gersteel,Inc.,Baltimore,MD)解吸。解吸的香料挥发物注射到装有火焰电子检测器的气相色谱仪中(惠普-Packard,Agilent 6890型)。然后收集和分析各香料组分的面积数目,该面积根据保留时间确定。
本发明的这些和另外的改良和改进,对本领域技术人员也是显而易见的。这里描述和举例说明的部分的具体组合,只用来代表本发明的某个实施方案,不作为对发明精神和范围的限制。除非另行说明,所有材料以重量百分数报道。本文使用的所有百分数,理解为重量百分数。
实施例1 香料的制备
混合下列组分配制下面实施例中使用的香料。除非有另有相反说明,所有组分可从International Flavors & Fragrances Inc.,N.Y,即本领域中技术人员所知的IFF购得。P&G理解为Cincinnati,OH的Procter & Gamble Company。
成分 | 重量份 |
2-甲基戊酸乙酯 | 7.143 |
苧烯 | 7.143 |
二氢月桂烯醇 | 7.143 |
苯基乙基醇 | 7.143 |
乙酸苄酯 | 7.143 |
二甲基苄基碳酸酯乙酸酯 | 7.143 |
甲基壬基乙醛 | 7.143 |
CYCLACET(IFF) | 7.143 |
LILIAL(Givaudan) | 7.143 |
水杨酸己酯 | 7.143 |
吐纳麝香 | 7.143 |
香叶醇 | 7.143 |
甲氧基萘 | 7.143 |
β-紫罗酮 | 7.143 |
实施例2 裸(无电荷的)胶囊和阳离子聚合物涂层胶囊的制备
含约32重量%的香料和57重量%的水的蜜胺-甲醛胶囊浆(由CellessenceInternational Ltd.,West Molesey,Surrey,UK制造),用作下面实施例中的裸(无电荷的)胶囊。为了制备蜜胺-甲醛胶囊浆,聚丙烯酰胺和丙烯酸的共聚物,与甲基化的蜜胺-甲醛树脂一起,分散在水中。香料在加入到该溶液中,高速剪切下形成小液滴。在香料滴上聚合膜固化作为胶囊壁,受增高聚合聚合物溶液PH的影响,接着加热溶液到50-85℃。
通过在上面规定的裸胶囊制备过程的固化阶段中,加入阳离子聚合物的混合物,制备涂覆阳离子聚合物的胶囊。完成的阳离子胶囊浆含有25.6重量%的香料和56.9重量%的水。
实施例3 含对照香料和裸胶囊的、用于头发洗涤的香波的制备
在30克样品香波基料中,混合0.75重量%纯香料5分钟,制备对照香波。以相同的方法,通过将蜜胺-甲醛胶囊浆混合在香波中得到0.75重量%香料,制备含无阳离子涂层的裸胶囊的香波。形成的含香料或胶囊的香波加入到570克40℃的温水中,混合2分钟。4个未经发型处理的头发样品(每个约2.5克)加到温的洗涤液中,在40℃水浴中振动2分钟。从洗液取出样品,随后在3个各含有600克清洁温水的玻璃缸里漂洗。洗涤和漂洗重复一次,从头发除去过量的水。头发样品排齐干燥(line-dried)24小时,随后进行感觉评价和顶空分析。
实施例4 含阳离子胶囊的、用于头发样品洗涤的香波制备
用根据实施例2制备的阳离子聚合物涂层胶囊,混合在30克样品香波基料中,得到香料含量0.75重量%。根据实施例3所述的步骤,用所得的香波洗涤4个未经发型处理的头发样品。头发样品排齐干燥(line-dried)24小时,随后进行感觉评价和顶部空间分析。
实施例5 头发样品的感觉评价和顶空分析
通过一个4人的评判小组,用0-5强度等级,评价干头发样品,其中,0=无,1=弱,2=中等,3=强,4=很强,5=极强。记录在用手摩擦头发样品之前和之后的感觉记分。香料和胶囊的沉积及释放用清除-和-收集方法,随后通过对5.0克干头发样品在密闭的容器中用钢球振动之前和之后进行气相色谱分析来评价。测试变量的平均的感觉记分和总顶空面积数列于下表:
头发样品变量 | 感觉分(摩擦前) | 感觉分(摩擦后) |
净香料 | 1.7 | 2.0 |
没有阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | 2.0 | 2.0 |
涂有阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | 3.0 | 3.7 |
化学品 | 净香料 | 无阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | 涂有阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | |||
未振动 | 振动 | 未振动 | 振动 | 未振动 | 振动 | |
2-甲基戊酸乙酯 | 278 | 681 | 117 | 676 | 2644 | 7274 |
苧烯 | 2081 | 4157 | 765 | 2527 | 11014 | 37382 |
二氢月桂烯醇 | 5 | 61 | 4 | 99 | 408 | 3009 |
苯基乙基醇 | 18 | 67 | 27 | 225 | 52 | 168 |
乙酸苄酯 | 16 | 71 | 13 | 55 | 75 | 212 |
香叶醇 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7 | 59 |
二甲基苄基碳酸酯乙酸酯 | 9 | 181 | 5 | 88 | 751 | 4441 |
甲基壬基乙醛 | 25 | 313 | 5 | 76 | 495 | 2976 |
CYCLACET(IFF) | 10 | 139 | 74 | 66 | 383 | 2301 |
甲氧基萘 | 21 | 76 | 9 | 72 | 174 | 405 |
β-紫罗酮 | 0 | 24 | 0 | 12 | 109 | 1074 |
LILIAL(Givaudan) | 0 | 25 | 68 | 117 | 75 | 691 |
水杨酸己酯 | 0 | 9 | 3 | 5 | 15 | 92 |
吐纳麝香 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12 |
香料总面积数 | 2463 | 5804 | 1090 | 4018 | 16202 | 60096 |
在这实施例中,由感觉的结果认为:无电荷的蜜胺-甲醛裸胶囊不沉积在通过香波洗涤的头发上。另外,认为揉擦产生的摩擦,是在用含阳离子胶囊香波洗涤的头发上释放沉积胶囊香味的关键。用有阳离子胶囊的香波洗涤的揉擦头发样品,与用含净香料或无电荷裸胶囊香波洗涤的头发相比,明显改进感觉强度。这些观察得到顶部空间分析的支持,用阳离子胶囊洗涤的头发的顶部空间面积数是10,是头发用钢珠摩擦后,用净香料和裸胶囊洗涤头发的15倍。摩擦前用阳离子胶囊洗涤头发的顶部空间面积数的明显增加,也证明阳离子聚合物在增强胶囊沉积中的好处。
实施例6 用于织物样品洗涤的含对照香料和裸胶囊洗衣粉的制备
通过将上面实施例1中制备的纯香料以0.3重量%混合在2.13克市售洗衣粉(无香料的TIDE,Procter & Gamble)中,制备对照洗衣粉。以相同的方法通过将蜜胺-甲醛胶囊浆混合在洗涤剂中,得到0.3重量%香料,制备含裸胶囊的洗衣粉。形成的含香料或胶囊的洗涤剂加到在分液玻璃漏斗中的1升水中。三个毛巾布样品(每个约2克)加到洗液中,在洗液从每个漏斗的底部排放前振动15分钟。通过注射器从样品除去过量的水,用相同的装置,以1升水漂洗样品5分钟。重复漂洗一次,最后,样品排齐干燥24小时,接着,感觉评价和顶空分析。
实施例7 织物样品洗涤的含阳离子胶囊洗衣粉的制备
将按实施例2中所述制备的有阳离子涂层的含香料胶囊,混合在2.13克市售洗衣粉TIDE(P&G)中,得到香料含量0.3重量%。根据实施例6中所述的步骤,把形成的洗涤剂用于洗涤三个织物样品。织物样品排齐干燥24小时,接着,感觉评价和顶空分析。
实施例8 用洗衣粉洗涤的织物样品的感觉评价和顶空分析
通过一个4人的评判小组,用0-5强度等级,评估干织物样品,其中,0=无,1=弱,2=中等,3=强,4=很强,5=极强。记录在用手摩擦头发样品之前和之后的感觉记分。香料和胶囊的沉积及释放用清除-和-收集方法,接着通过对2个干织物样品在密闭的容器中用钢球振动之前和之后,进行气相色谱分析来评价。三个测试变量的平均的感觉记分和总顶空面积数,列于下表:
织物样品变量 | 感觉分(摩擦前) | 感觉分(摩擦后) |
净香料 | 1.0 | 0 |
没有阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | 0 | 0.8 |
阳离子聚合物涂层的胶囊 | 1.5 | 2.5 |
化学品 | 净香料 | 无阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | 涂有阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | |||
未振动 | 振动 | 未振动 | 振动 | 未振动 | 振动 | |
2-甲基戊酸乙酯 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15 | 31 | 93 |
苧烯 | 86 | 98 | 82 | 189 | 654 | 4392 |
二氢月桂烯醇 | 5 | 10 | 3 | 14 | 9 | 12 |
苯基乙基醇 | 740 | 1258 | 503 | 845 | 327 | 761 |
乙酸苄酯 | 689 | 1991 | 207 | 669 | 167 | 578 |
香叶醇 | 0 | 0 | 6 | 39 | 0 | 0 |
二甲基苄基碳酸酯乙酸酯 | 4 | 6 | 3 | 4 | 14 | 196 |
甲基壬基乙醛 | 16 | 77 | 3 | 8 | 20 | 162 |
CYCLACET(IFF) | 7 | 11 | 7 | 11 | 8 | 11 |
甲氧基萘 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9 |
β-紫罗酮 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 27 |
LILIAL(Givaudan) | 0 | 10 | 4 | 8 | 0 | 19 |
水杨酸己酯 | 0 | 11 | 3 | 7 | 0 | 10 |
吐纳麝香 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
香料总面积数 | 1547 | 3472 | 823 | 1809 | 1230 | 6270 |
感觉结果显示:在与洗衣粉一起使用时,在摩擦棉布样品中,无电荷裸胶囊改进的香味感觉略胜于净的非-包胶香料。可能由于组分总量较低,这一轻微强度增加得不到气相色谱顶部空间面积数的支持。相反,本发明涂有阳离子聚合物的胶囊,明显改进摩擦时样品的感觉强度。这一分析确认:用阳离子胶囊洗涤的揉擦样品的顶部空间面积数,比用裸胶囊和净香料洗涤的增加3.5和1.8倍。
实施例9 机洗的含胶囊洗衣粉的制备和感觉的结果
在类似于市售产品的未加香洗衣粉的基料中,通过混合0.35重量%的净香料(选作有令人愉快象花的感觉),制备对照洗衣粉。含裸胶囊洗衣粉的制备是通过:以75/25重量比,用Aerosil 200(Degussa Goldschmidt Aktengesellschaft Inc.),吸收蜜胺-甲醛胶囊浆,接着,将它混合在洗衣粉中,得到0.35重量%香料。以相同的方法,通过在洗衣粉中混合Aerosil 200/阳离子胶囊浆的自由流动的粉末,得到0.35重量%香料,制备含阳离子胶囊的洗衣粉。为了进行稳定性测试,这些含香料/胶囊的基料在37℃/70%相对湿度条件下存储。
重2200克的毛巾,T-恤衫,枕头套,和茶巾的标准组,用于Miele(型号W362)洗衣机洗涤。采用40℃的标准程序,短程序和900转/分钟的旋转速率。洗涤试验使用每种洗衣粉样品约100毫升。衣服通风干燥一天后,由经培训的人员在干的衣服上得到感觉分级,参与人员在嗅它们前揉擦毛巾1-2秒钟。最初和存储2周的感觉分级记录如下。
纤维毛巾变量 | 感觉分(新鲜样品) | 感觉分(存储的样品) |
净香料 | 1.2 | 1.6 |
无阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | 1.4 | 1.5 |
涂有阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | 3.4 | 2.6 |
感觉结果确认了在加入到大规模机洗用洗衣粉中时,与胶囊一起使用的本发明阳离子聚合物的好处。虽然,洗洁剂在加速条件下存储2周后感觉强度降低,仍能觉察到含阳离子胶囊洗洁剂的性能远优于无阳离子涂层的净香料和裸胶囊。
实施例10 织物样品洗涤用的含对照香料和含裸胶囊织物柔顺剂的制备
将1.0重量%的净香料混合在1.0克液体织物柔顺剂中制备对照样品。使用3个不同织物柔顺剂基料,它们是市售的Downy Ultra无香料织物柔顺剂(Procter &Gamble),含9重量%软化表面活性剂的典型织物柔顺剂#1,含5重量%软化表面活性剂的典型织物柔顺剂#2。以相同的方法,蜜胺-甲醛胶囊浆混合在织物柔顺剂中得到1.0重量%香料,制备含胶囊、无阳离子涂层的织物柔顺剂。将形成的含香料或胶囊的柔顺剂加到在玻璃分液漏斗中的1升水中。三个纤维棉布样品(每个约2克)加到洗液中,在洗液从每个漏斗的底部排放前,振动10分钟。通过唧筒从样品除去过量的水,样品排行干燥24小时,接着,感觉评估和分析的顶部空间分析。
实施例11 织物样品洗涤用的含阳离子胶囊的织物柔顺剂的制备
按照实施例2中所述,制备涂有阳离子淀粉的含香胶囊,将该胶囊混合在1.0克液体织物柔顺剂中,得到1.0重量%的香料量。根据实施例9中描述的步骤,用形成的织物柔顺剂洗涤三个织物样品。排行干燥纤维24小时,接着,感觉评估和分析的顶部空间分析。
实施例12 用液体柔顺剂洗涤的织物样品的感觉评估和顶部空间分析
通过一个4人的评判小组,用0-5强度,评估干织物样品,其中,0=无,1=弱,2=中等,3=强,4=很强,5=极强。记录在用手摩擦头发样品前、后的感觉分。用排空-和-收集方法评定香味和胶囊的沉积及释放,接着,对在密闭容器中用钢球振动前、后的2个干织物样品进行气相色谱分析。平均的感觉分和3个变量测试的顶部空间面积数,列于下表:
织物样品变化 | 纤维调理剂基料 | 感觉分(摩擦前) | 感觉分(摩擦后) |
净香料 | P&G DOWNY ULTRA | 1.3 | 1.5 |
没有阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | P&G DOWNY ULTRA | 1.2 | 2.0 |
涂有阳离子淀粉的包胶香料 | P&G DOWNY ULTRA | 1.0 | 2.2 |
净香料 | 模拟的典型织物柔顺剂产品基料1 | 0.9 | 1.0 |
没有阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | 模拟的典型织物柔顺剂产品基料1 | 2.3 | 3.5 |
涂有阳离子淀粉的包胶香料 | 模拟的典型织物柔顺剂产品基料1 | 2.5 | 4.5 |
净香料 | 模拟的典型织物柔顺剂产品基料2 | 1.8 | 2.3 |
没有阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | 模拟的典型织物柔顺剂产品基料2 | 1.8 | 3.0 |
涂有阳离子淀粉的包胶香料 | 模拟的典型织物柔顺剂产品基料2 | 2.3 | 4.5 |
市售P&G DOWNY织物柔顺剂
化学品 | 净香料 | 无阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | 涂有阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | |||
未振动 | 振动 | 未振动 | 振动 | 未振动 | 振动 | |
2-甲基戊酸乙酯 | 14 | 21 | 195 | 2038 | 157 | 3957 |
苧烯 | 32 | 63 | 8456 | 81512 | 4291 | 82294 |
二氢月桂烯醇 | 18 | 122 | 43 | 683 | 20 | 759 |
苯基乙基醇 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 117 | 0 | 0 |
乙酸苄酯 | 71 | 311 | 147 | 775 | 127 | 606 |
香叶醇 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 11 |
二甲基苄基碳酸酯乙酸酯 | 0 | 2 | 137 | 4146 | 24 | 2733 |
甲基壬基乙醛 | 3 | 50 | 77 | 1975 | 26 | 1415 |
CYCLACET(IFF) | 0 | 12 | 56 | 1932 | 19 | 1289 |
甲氧基萘 | 0 | 25 | 5 | 68 | 0 | 101 |
β-紫罗酮 | 0 | 4 | 5 | 600 | 0 | 457 |
LILIAL(Givaudan) | 0 | 26 | 3 | 261 | 0 | 209 |
水杨酸己酯 | 0 | 39 | 0 | 148 | 0 | 81 |
吐纳麝香 | 0 | 8 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 11 |
香料总面积数 | 138 | 683 | 9124 | 94284 | 4664 | 93923 |
模拟典型织物柔顺剂产品基料1
化学品 | 净香料 | 无阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | 涂有阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | |||
未振动 | 振动 | 未振动 | 振动 | 未振动 | 振动 | |
2-甲基戊酸乙酯 | 0 | 0 | 552 | 8325 | 1077 | 19188 |
苧烯 | 59 | 84 | 6792 | 92094 | 9331 | 161851 |
二氢月桂烯醇 | 41 | 178 | 11 | 878 | 81 | 2533 |
苯基乙基醇 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 227 |
乙酸苄酯 | 29 | 731 | 38 | 503 | 486 | 1983 |
香叶醇 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 17 |
二甲基苄基碳酸酯乙酸酯 | 5 | 18 | 34 | 3271 | 144 | 5102 |
甲基壬基乙醛 | 20 | 115 | 28 | 2027 | 90 | 2740 |
CYCLACET(IFF) | 0 | 16 | 12 | 1580 | 72 | 2719 |
甲氧基萘 | 0 | 13 | 4 | 139 | 15 | 180 |
β-紫罗酮 | 10 | 51 | 0 | 359 | 7 | 793 |
LILIAL(Givaudan) | 0 | 28 | 0 | 208 | 6 | 353 |
水杨酸己酯 | 0 | 42 | 0 | 65 | 0 | 170 |
吐纳麝香 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 10 | 0 | 18 |
香料总面积数 | 164 | 1286 | 7471 | 109464 | 11309 | 197874 |
模拟典型织物柔顺剂产品基料2
化学品 | 净香料 | 无阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | 涂有阳离子聚合物的包胶香料 | |||
未振动 | 振动 | 未振动 | 振动 | 未振动 | 振动 | |
2-甲基戊酸乙酯 | 0 | 0 | 878 | 8607 | 796 | 15925 |
苧烯 | 45 | 75 | 10421 | 123405 | 8389 | 174473 |
二氢月桂烯醇 | 15 | 41 | 118 | 1684 | 37 | 1978 |
苯基乙基醇 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 218 | 0 | 95 |
乙酸苄酯 | 573 | 5309 | 3147 | 7987 | 1103 | 6662 |
香叶醇 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 22 | 0 | 16 |
二甲基苄基碳酸酯乙酸酯 | 0 | 9 | 217 | 4854 | 55 | 4467 |
甲基壬基乙醛 | 6 | 124 | 173 | 2951 | 41 | 3015 |
CYCLACET(IFF) | 0 | 12 | 122 | 2599 | 26 | 2886 |
甲氧基萘 | 0 | 8 | 13 | 119 | 7 | 173 |
β-紫罗酮 | 0 | 4 | 16 | 886 | 0 | 842 |
LILIAL(Givaudan) | 0 | 34 | 10 | 456 | 0 | 468 |
水杨酸己酯 | 0 | 44 | 0 | 191 | 0 | 218 |
吐纳麝香 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 24 | 0 | 29 |
香料总面积数 | 639 | 5673 | 15115 | 154003 | 10454 | 211247 |
感觉数据表明:阳离子聚合物确实增强了胶囊沉积,由此,相对于市售的无阳离子涂层胶囊的DOWNY织物柔顺剂,尤其用模拟典型织物柔顺剂产品1和2漂洗,在摩擦的棉样品上提供较强感觉。在大多数情况下,分析的顶部空间面积数支持感觉的结果。
实施例13 机洗用的含胶囊的漂洗调理剂制备和感觉结果
下面的实施例,将使用的令人愉快的花香香料,加到使用1.0%量quaternary织物柔顺基料的浓缩的典型织物柔顺基料中,作为对照。制备二个另外的样品。一个加入含相同香料的裸胶囊,另一个加入含相同香料的阳离子胶囊,两者都给出相当量的1.0%香料。
重2200克的毛巾,T-恤衫,枕头套,和茶巾的标准组,用于Miele(型号W362)洗衣机洗涤。采用40℃的标准程序,短程序和900转/分钟的旋转速率。用约100毫升常规市售洗衣粉洗涤样品,并在洗衣机的调理剂抽斗里加入35毫升上面提到的各种浓缩的纤维调理剂样品。
通风干燥一天后,记录感觉数据。经培训的参与人员在嗅这些衣物前揉擦它们1-2秒钟。
衣物在通风环境中再保持14天,对它们在7天和14天再次进行评估。
浓茶中样品(samplesinconc.TEA Quat Fab con) | 1天干燥 | 7天干燥 | 14天干燥 |
花香对照精油 | 1.84 | 1.66 | 0.64 |
有阳离子聚合物涂层的花香包胶香料 | 3.66 | 3.91 | 3.15 |
花香包胶香料(裸的) | 2.63 | 2.62 | 1.84 |
在上表中,阳离子聚合物涂层极大地增强来自干纤维的香味感觉,并在洗涤后香味可超过14天,明显优于精油和无涂层胶囊。
实施例 14
在当地商店购买下列用于测试的产品:
1.DOWNY ULTRA,织物柔顺剂(Procter & Gamble),无染料和香水;
2.SUAVITEL Field Flower,织物柔顺剂(Colgate Palmolive公司);
3.SNUGGLE Ultra,Pure & Gentle,(unilever)-无染料产品。
由于上面产品含有不同量的表面活性剂,香料可按比例加入于表面活性剂,并调节在漂洗水中的表面活性剂量,使香料量在所有产品中是一致的。
用bench-top漂洗步骤,随后通过室内空气干燥,用于评估棉布样品上的沉积。用气相色谱,通过评估干布上顶部空间,进行分析,不搅拌和用钢球搅拌,粉碎沉积的胶囊和释放香味。类似于上面实施例2描述的阳离子涂敷(涂层的胶囊)和包胶的香料,与非-包胶的或净香料进行比较。
结果如下:
体系 | 不振动的(毫微克/升) | 振动的(毫微克/升) |
DOWNY ULTRA+净香料 | 17 | 85 |
DOWNY ULTRA+涂敷的胶囊 | 690 | 8674 |
SUAVITEL+净香料 | 62 | 270 |
SUAVITEL+涂敷的胶囊 | 798 | 10725 |
SNUGGLE+净香料 | 51 | 124 |
SNUGGLE+涂敷的胶囊 | 682 | 7727 |
如从上面的结果可以看到的,用顶部空间分析测量的香料沉积,略好于使用SUAVITEL基料。这可能是由于在基料中使用不同的柔顺剂和/或表面活性剂,或者其他添加剂。当胶囊产品在升高的温度(37℃)存储时,虽然观察到稳定性的差异,但所有样品的性能都下降。在使用本发明包胶的香料时,发现SUAVITEL产品最稳定,SNUGGLE产品次之,DOWNY ULTRA产品最不稳定。不希望受任何具体理论的束缚,香料性能的差异很可能是由于香料从胶囊的浸出。认为从胶囊浸出的香料的量,取决于使用的具体表面活性剂,表面活性剂量,pH和产品基料的其他因数。
Claims (20)
1.一种组合物,包含:香料,所述香料被聚合物包胶,形成聚合物包胶的香料;聚合物包胶的香料进一步用阳离子聚胺聚合物涂敷。
2.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,聚胺聚合物是聚胺和环氧乙烷类材料的反应产物。
2.如权利要求2所述的组合物,其特征在于,环氧乙烷类材料选自(氯甲基)环氧乙烷,(溴甲基)环氧乙烷及其混合物。
4.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,香料是液体,由此向聚合物包胶的香料提供液体芯。
5.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述香料是不溶于水的。
6.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,香料为组合物的10-50重量%。
7.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,所述组合物可加入到选自下列的产品中:个人护理、织物护理和清洁产品。
8.如权利要求7所述的组合物,其特征在于,个人护理产品选自洗发香波、头发漂洗液、条状肥皂、和沐浴露。
9.如权利要求1所述的组合物,其特征在于,聚胺聚合物涂层包括聚胺与(氯甲基)环氧乙烷或(溴甲基)环氧乙烷的反应产物,以及另外的阳离子聚合物、卤化物。
10.赋予洗净产品嗅觉有效量的香料的方法,包括下列步骤:
提供香料;
用聚合物包胶香料,形成聚合物包胶的香料;
将阳离子聚胺聚合物提供到聚合物包胶香料的表面,形成阳离子涂敷的聚合物包胶材料;和
将涂敷的聚合物包胶材料,提供到洗净产品。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法,其特征在于,包胶聚合物选自乙烯基聚合物、丙烯酸酯聚合物、蜜胺-甲醛、脲甲醛以及它们的混合物。
12.洗净产品,包括嗅觉有效量的权利要求1所述的组合物。
13.如权利要求12中所述的洗净产品,其特征在于,所述洗净产品选自:个人护理、织物护理和清洁产品。
14.洗净产品,包含权利要求1中所述的组合物和硅氧烷材料。
15.如权利要求14所述的洗净产品,其特征在于,洗净产品是织物漂洗调理剂。
16.如权利要求15所述的洗净产品,其特征在于,所述洗净产品具有的软化活化剂含量为5-30重量%。
17.如权利要求15所述的洗净产品,其特征在于,所述洗净产品具有的氯化钙含量为0.05-1重量%。
18.如权利要求14所述的洗净产品,其特征在于,硅氧烷含量为产品的0.5-8重量%。
19.如权利要求18所述的洗净产品,其特征在于,所述洗净产品是织物漂洗调理剂。
20.如权利要求16所述的洗净产品,其特征在于,软化试剂以10-20重量%的量提供。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US10/268,526 US7125835B2 (en) | 2002-10-10 | 2002-10-10 | Encapsulated fragrance chemicals |
US10/268,526 | 2002-10-10 | ||
US10/460,434 | 2003-06-12 |
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CN1497008A CN1497008A (zh) | 2004-05-19 |
CN1312265C true CN1312265C (zh) | 2007-04-25 |
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CNB2003101015044A Expired - Fee Related CN1312265C (zh) | 2002-10-10 | 2003-10-10 | 包胶的芳香化学品 |
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US (3) | US7125835B2 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1312265C (zh) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN1497008A (zh) | 2004-05-19 |
US7125835B2 (en) | 2006-10-24 |
US20090042759A1 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
US20040072719A1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
US7196049B2 (en) | 2007-03-27 |
US20040072720A1 (en) | 2004-04-15 |
US7632789B2 (en) | 2009-12-15 |
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