CN104781383B - 涉及包封的有益剂的改进 - Google Patents
涉及包封的有益剂的改进 Download PDFInfo
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- CN104781383B CN104781383B CN201380060208.6A CN201380060208A CN104781383B CN 104781383 B CN104781383 B CN 104781383B CN 201380060208 A CN201380060208 A CN 201380060208A CN 104781383 B CN104781383 B CN 104781383B
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- Prior art keywords
- particle
- composition
- acid
- particle described
- dextran aldehyde
- Prior art date
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- IBDSNZLUHYKHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;3-oxidodioxaborirane;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Na+].[O-]B1OO1 IBDSNZLUHYKHQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium;oxido carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OC([O-])=O MWNQXXOSWHCCOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;oxidooxy(oxo)borane Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]OB=O YKLJGMBLPUQQOI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940031439 squalene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N squalene Natural products CC(=CCCC(=CCCC(=CCCC=C(/C)CCC=C(/C)CC=C(C)C)C)C)C TUHBEKDERLKLEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000003702 sterols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 150000003900 succinic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000020 sulfo group Chemical group O=S(=O)([*])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010384 tocopherol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930003799 tocopherol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229960001295 tocopherol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011732 tocopherol Substances 0.000 description 1
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M toluene-4-sulfonate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M trans-cinnamate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XMLSXPIVAXONDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-jasmone Natural products CCC=CCC1=C(C)CCC1=O XMLSXPIVAXONDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000844 transformation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960001727 tretinoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001019 trigonella foenum-graecum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HTJNEBVCZXHBNJ-XCTPRCOBSA-H trimagnesium;(2r)-2-[(1s)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]-3,4-dihydroxy-2h-furan-5-one;diphosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O HTJNEBVCZXHBNJ-XCTPRCOBSA-H 0.000 description 1
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N urea hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO.NC(N)=O AQLJVWUFPCUVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000016788 valerian Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- YEIGUXGHHKAURB-UHFFFAOYSA-N viridine Natural products O=C1C2=C3CCC(=O)C3=CC=C2C2(C)C(O)C(OC)C(=O)C3=COC1=C23 YEIGUXGHHKAURB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019158 vitamin B6 Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011726 vitamin B6 Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019154 vitamin C Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011718 vitamin C Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019165 vitamin E Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011709 vitamin E Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940046009 vitamin E Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940011671 vitamin b6 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000341 volatile oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010497 wheat germ oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002087 whitening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001285 xanthan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940071104 xylenesulfonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940043810 zinc pyrithione Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical class [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PICXIOQBANWBIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;1-oxidopyridine-2-thione Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]N1C=CC=CC1=S.[O-]N1C=CC=CC1=S PICXIOQBANWBIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N α-tocopherol Chemical compound OC1=C(C)C(C)=C2O[C@@](CCC[C@H](C)CCC[C@H](C)CCCC(C)C)(C)CCC2=C1C GVJHHUAWPYXKBD-IEOSBIPESA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
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- C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
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- A61K8/8129—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an alcohol, ether, aldehydo, ketonic, acetal or ketal radical; Compositions of hydrolysed polymers or esters of unsaturated alcohols with saturated carboxylic acids; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers, e.g. polyvinylmethylether
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
- C11B—PRODUCING, e.g. BY PRESSING RAW MATERIALS OR BY EXTRACTION FROM WASTE MATERIALS, REFINING OR PRESERVING FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES, e.g. LANOLIN, FATTY OILS OR WAXES; ESSENTIAL OILS; PERFUMES
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- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
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Abstract
本发明提供沉积改进且泄漏降低的益处的颗粒,其包含:(a)包含有益剂的核;(b)壳,其中所述壳包含交联的、疏水改性的聚乙烯醇,其包含含有以下组分的交联剂:i)分子量从2,000至50,000Da的第一葡聚糖醛;和ii)分子量从大于50,000至2,000,000Da的第二葡聚糖醛。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及将包含有益剂的颗粒递送到基体,涉及制备所述颗粒的方法,以及包含所述颗粒的制剂的制备和用途。本文将参考衣物处理组合物具体地描述,但其具有其它的和更广泛的应用。
背景技术
很多家庭护理或个人护理制剂寻求递送有益剂至基体如织物、硬表面、头发和皮肤。已有人提出将有益剂包封在颗粒中作为增强递送的手段。近年来,对香料的包封产生了特别的兴趣和活动。
然而,仍然存在很大的改进空间,因为消费者对于在多个洗涤过程阶段中、例如在洗涤结束时、对改进的香料感觉的偏好,以及对于比以前更持久的香料性能的偏好驱动在该领域的商业利益。
包封物的泄漏仍然是一个问题,其不仅导致降低的性能,而且限制了可稳定包封的成分。
三聚氰胺甲醛囊状物是已知的,但不利地需要与甲醛清除剂组合使用。
US2008146478(International Flavors and Fragrances Inc)公开了一种包含活性材料、纳米级材料以及包封聚合物的微囊。包封的聚合物选自乙烯基聚合物、丙烯酸酯聚合物、丙烯酸酯丙烯酰胺共聚物、三聚氰胺-甲醛聚合物、脲醛聚合物及其混合物,以形成聚合物包封的香料。参见权利要求1、2以及[0111]段和[0113]段。
US2004071742(International Flavors and Fragrances Inc)公开了包含香料材料的组合物,所述香料材料被聚合物包封以提供聚合物包封的香料;所述聚合物包封的香料进一步用阳离子聚合物涂覆。
US2004072719(International Flavors and Fragrances Inc)公开了包含香料材料的组合物,所述香料材料被聚合物包封以提供聚合物包封的香料;所述聚合物包封的香料进一步用聚胺聚合物涂覆。
US5460817(Allied Colloids Ltd)公开了包含颗粒的颗粒状组合物,所述颗粒具有无水核,其包含(a)固体基质聚合物以及分布在整个固体基质聚合物中的活性成分和(b)外层保护性的凝聚聚合物壳。所述外壳由交联聚合物(聚乙烯醇)形成。
WO92/06672(Revlon Inc.)公开了包含一种或多种包封在壳壁内的止汗剂盐的微囊,所述壳壁易于渗透、酶解、或电解降解或由于壳壁的水溶性而降解。
我们已经出乎意料地发现使用包含具有不同分子量的葡聚糖的混合物的交联剂、以及因此产生的交联mPVOH包封物(capsule)导致沉积效率的显著提高以及相应的消费者可察觉的有益剂递送的提高。
有利地,新的包封物基本上从可再生原料制备,其有助于降低环境影响。
发明简述
因此,本发明的第一方面提供了颗粒,其包含:
(a)包含有益剂的核;
(b)壳,其中所述壳包含交联的、疏水改性的聚乙烯醇,其包含含有以下组分的交联剂:
i)分子量从2,000至50,000Da的第一葡聚糖醛(dextran aldehyde)
ii)分子量从大于50,000至2,000,000Da的第二葡聚糖醛。
本发明的第二方面提供了家庭护理或个人护理组合物,其包含至少一种根据本发明第一方面的颗粒,所述组合物优选是衣物洗涤剂、衣物调理剂、除臭剂、止汗剂、洗发剂、头发调理剂或皮肤护理或皮肤清洁产品。
本发明的第三方面提供了处理基体的方法,优选其中所述基体选自皮肤、头发和/或织物材料,其包括用包含根据本发明的第一方面的颗粒的组合物处理所述基体的步骤。
发明详述
为了使本发明可被进一步和更好地理解,下面将通过参考本发明的特定的实施方式及进一步优选和/或任选的特征对其进一步描述。除非另有说明,所有提及的量均为总组合物的wt%。
颗粒
核典型地在颗粒的内部区域中形成,并容纳所述有益剂。“壳”保护有益剂并调节有益剂流入和流出所述核。
颗粒尺寸
本领域技术人员知晓如何测定包封物的颗粒尺寸分布,例如,通过利用MalvernMastersizer 2000。典型地,所述颗粒具有少于5-50微米的平均直径,优选10到40微米,更优选25到35微米和最优选30微米。
核
核包含一种或多种有益剂。
有利地,所述有益剂是疏水性有益剂,优选感官性的有益剂,例如调味剂或香味剂(术语“香味剂”和“香料”在本文中交替使用)。
有益剂
可以将各种有益剂并入颗粒中。在颗粒的最终用途与含表面活性剂体系有关的情况下,可以使用能够为用表面活性剂组合物处理的基体提供益处的任何相容的有益剂。优选的有益剂为衣物领域的,例如织物有益剂,和为衣物清洗和/或漂洗介质提供益处的有益剂。或者,有益剂可以提供皮肤或头发相关的益处。在表面活性剂存在下,本发明的颗粒的优点是在制剂储存时有益剂的良好保持性和在产品使用过程中和之后有益剂的可控释放。
优选的实例包括调味剂、香味剂、酶、消泡剂、荧光增白剂、遮蔽染料和/或颜料、调理剂(例如水不溶性的季铵材料和/或聚硅氧烷)、防晒剂、神经酰胺类、抗氧化剂、还原剂、螯合剂、颜色护理添加剂、密度匹配聚合物、光漂白剂、润滑剂、不饱和油、润肤剂/保湿剂和抗微生物剂,最优选香味剂和抗微生物剂。
优选的抗微生物剂包括TriclosanTM、氯咪巴唑、octapyrox、酮康唑、吡啶硫酮锌、和季铵化合物。
优选的防晒剂和/或皮肤美白剂是维生素B3化合物。适合的维生素B3化合物选自烟酸、烟酰胺、烟醇、或其衍生物或盐。其它的作为皮肤美白剂的维生素可以有利地包括在皮肤美白组合物中,以提供额外的皮肤美白效果。这些包括维生素B6、维生素C、维生素A、或其前体。在本发明的组合物中也可以采用维生素的混合物。特别优选另外的维生素是维生素B6。其它非限制性的本文可用的皮肤美白剂的实例包括阿达帕林、芦荟提取物、乳酸铵、熊果苷、壬二酸、丁基羟基茴香醚、丁基羟基甲苯、柠檬酸酯、脱氧熊果苷、1,3-二苯基丙烷衍生物、2,5-二羟基苯甲酸及其衍生物、2-(4-乙酰氧基苯基)-1,3二噻烷(dithane)、2-(4-羟基苯基)-1,3二噻烷(dithane)、鞣花酸、葡糖吡喃糖基-1-抗坏血酸盐、葡糖酸、乙醇酸、绿茶提取物、4-羟基-5-甲基-3[2H]-呋喃酮、氢醌、4羟基茴香醚及其衍生物、4-羟基苯甲酸衍生物、羟基辛酸、抗坏血酸肌醇酯、曲酸、乳酸、柠檬提取物、亚油酸、抗坏血酸磷酸镁、5-辛酰基水杨酸、2,4-间苯二酚衍生物、3,5-间苯二酚衍生物、水杨酸、3,4,5三羟基苄基衍生物、及其混合物。优选的在本发明中有用的防晒剂是2-乙基己基-对-甲氧基肉桂酸酯、丁基甲氧基二苯甲酰甲烷、2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、辛基二甲基-对-氨基苯甲酸及其混合物。特别优选的防晒剂选自2-乙基己基-对-甲氧基肉桂酸酯、4-叔丁基-4’-甲氧基二苯甲酰甲烷或其混合物。其它的适于在本发明的皮肤美白组合物中使用的常规防晒剂包括2-羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、辛基二甲基-对-氨基苯甲酸、二没食子酰三油酸酯、2,2-二羟基-4-甲氧基二苯甲酮、乙基-4-(双(羟基丙基))氨基苯甲酸酯、2-乙基己基-2-氰基-3,3-二苯基丙烯酸酯、2-乙基己基水杨酸酯、甘油基-对-氨基苯甲酸酯、3,3,5-三甲基环己基水杨酸酯、甲基氨基苯甲酸酯、对-二甲基-氨基苯甲酸或氨基苯甲酸酯、2-乙基己基-对-二甲基-氨基-苯甲酸酯、2-苯基苯并咪唑-5-磺酸、2-(对-二甲基氨基苯基)-5-磺酸基苯并噁唑酸(benzoxazoic acid)和这些化合物的混合物。
优选的抗氧化剂包括维生素E、视黄醇、基于羟基甲苯的抗氧化剂如IrganoxTM或可商购的抗氧化剂如TrolloxTM系列。
香料和香味剂材料(其包括前香味剂)是特别优选的有益剂。
前香味剂可以例如是食品脂类。食品脂类典型地含有明显疏水性的结构单元。大多数脂类衍生自脂肪酸。在这些“酰基”脂质中,脂肪酸主要以酯类存在,包括单、二、三酰基甘油、磷脂类、糖脂类、二醇脂、蜡、甾醇酯和生育酚。在它们的天然状态,植物脂类包含抗氧化剂以防止氧化。虽然这些可以在从植物中分离油类的过程中至少部分被去除,但是某些抗氧化剂可以保留。这些抗氧化剂可以是前香味剂。特别地,包括维生素A、视黄醇、视黄醛、视黄酸和维生素原A的类胡萝卜素和相关的化合物能够转化为包括紫罗酮类、大马酮类和大马烯酮类的香料物质。优选的前香味剂食品脂类包括橄榄油、棕榈油、芥花籽油、角鲨烯、葵花籽油、小麦胚芽油、杏仁油、椰子油、葡萄籽油、油菜籽油、蓖麻油、玉米油、棉籽油、红花油、花生油、罂粟籽油、棕榈仁油、米糠油、芝麻油、大豆油、南瓜子油、荷荷巴油和芥子油。作为散发气味的物质的香料成分在下面进一步详细描述。
香料典型地以占颗粒总重量的10-85%的量、优选占颗粒总重量的15-75%的量存在。香料适宜地具有50-500道尔顿的分子量。前香味剂可以具有更高的分子量,通常为1-10kD(千道尔顿)。
香料的有用成分包括天然和合成来源的材料。它们包括单一化合物和混合物。可以在目前的文献中找到这种成分的具体实例,如Fenaroli's Handbook of FlavourIngredients,1975,CRC出版社;M.B.Jacobs的Synthetic Food Adjuncts,1947,由VanNostrand编辑;或S.Arctander的Perfume and Flavour Chemicals 1969,Montclair,N.J.(USA)。这些物质对本领域技术人员是公知的加香、调味和/或芳香化消费产品,即赋予传统的加香或调味的消费产品以香气和/或香味或味道,或改良所述消费产品的香气和/或味道。
在本文中,香料不仅指完全配制的产品香味剂,也指该香味剂的所选组分,特别是易于损耗的那些,例如所谓的“头香”。
头香由Poucher(Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Chemists 6(2):80[1955])定义。公知的头香的实例包括柑桔油、里哪醇、乙酸里哪醇酯、薰衣草、二氢月桂烯醇、玫瑰醚和顺式3-己醇。头香典型地为香料组合物的15至25重量%,并且在本发明的那些含有增加水平的头香的实施方式中,设想其至少以20wt%存在于颗粒中。
有利地用在本发明的实施方式中的典型的香料成分包括具有相对低的沸点的那些,优选具有小于300℃,优选100-250℃的沸点的那些。
包封具有低LogP(即将被分配到水中的那些)的香料成分也是有利的,优选具有小于3.0的LogP。这些具有相对低沸点和相对低LogP的材料已经被称为“延迟释放的”香料成分,并包括以下材料:
己酸烯丙酯、乙酸戊酯、丙酸戊酯、大茴香醛、苯甲醚、苯甲醛、乙酸苄酯、苄基丙酮、苯甲醇、甲酸苄酯、异戊酸苄酯、丙酸苄酯、β,γ-己烯醇、樟脑胶、左旋香芹酮、右旋香芹酮、肉桂醇、甲酸肉桂酯、顺式茉莉酮、顺-3-己烯基乙酸酯、枯茗醇、女贞醛(Cyclal C)、二甲基苄基甲醇、醋酸二甲基苄基甲酯、醋酸乙酯、乙酰乙酸乙酯、乙基戊基酮、苯甲酸乙酯、丁酸乙酯、乙基己基酮、乙酸乙基苯酯、桉树脑、丁子香酚、醋酸葑酯、弗洛尔醋酸酯(FlorAcetate,醋酸三环癸烯酯)、Frutene(丙酸三环癸烯酯)、香叶醇、己烯醇、醋酸己烯酯、乙酸己酯、甲酸己酯、氢化阿托醇、羟基香茅醛、二氢茚酮、异戊醇、异薄荷酮、乙酸异胡薄荷酯、异喹啉酮、女贞醛、芳樟醇、芳樟醇氧化物、甲酸芳樟酯、薄荷酮、薄荷基苯乙酮、甲基戊基酮、邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯、苯甲酸甲酯、乙酸甲基苄酯、甲基丁子香酚、甲基庚烯酮、甲基庚炔碳酸酯、甲基庚基酮、甲基己基酮、乙酸甲基苯基甲酯、水杨酸甲酯、N-甲基邻氨基苯甲酸甲酯、橙花醇、辛内酯、辛醇、对-甲酚,对-甲酚甲醚、对-甲氧基苯乙酮,对-甲基苯乙酮、苯氧基乙醇、苯乙醛、醋酸苯基乙酯、苯乙醇、苯基乙基二甲基甲醇、醋酸异戊二烯酯、龙脑酸丙酯(Propyl Bornate)、胡薄荷酮、玫瑰醚、黄樟油精、4-萜品醇、α-萜品醇、和/或Viridine。
多个香料成分存在于制剂中是平常的。在本发明的包封物中,可以使用来自上面给出的延迟释放的香料的给定清单中的四种或更多种、优选五种或更多种、更优选六种或更多种或甚至七种或更多种不同的香料成分存在于颗粒中。
本发明可以施用的另一组香料是所谓的“芳香疗法”材料。这些包括很多也用于香料制作的成分,包括精油的成分如鼠尾草、桉树、天竺葵、薰衣草、玛卡提取物(Macaextract)、橙花油、肉豆蔻、留兰香、香堇叶和缬草。通过本发明的方式,这些材料能够被转移到将穿着或以另外的方式与人体接触的纺织制品上(如手帕和床单枕套)。
核优选地进一步包含附加组分例如聚合物试剂、溶剂及其混合物。
合适的溶剂包括白矿物油、天然脂肪酸酯和合成脂肪酸酯。优选的溶剂是邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、PEG400-PEG2000材料、苯甲酸C12-15烷基酯及其混合物,更优选肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、PEG600、苯甲酸C12-15烷基酯及其混合物。
合适的聚合物试剂包括疏水改性的多糖材料,例如烷基衍生的纤维素。优选的材料是羟丙基纤维素、羟乙基纤维素、羟乙基甲基纤维素、羟丙基甲基纤维素、羟丁基纤维素、羟丁基乙基纤维素、甲基纤维素及其混合物。特别优选的聚合物试剂是羟丙基甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素及其混合物。
聚合物试剂优选与有益剂混溶/可溶的。可另外使用溶剂以提高聚合物的混溶性/溶解性。
壳
葡聚糖
壳包含i)第一葡聚糖醛,分子量为从2,000至50,000Da,优选从5,000至30,000Da,甚至更优选从10,000至25,000Da,还更优选从15,000至22,000Da,最优选20,000Da;以及ii)第二葡聚糖醛,分子量为从大于50,000至2,000,000Da,优选从75,000至1,000,000Da,甚至更优选从100,000至500,000Da,还更优选从150,000至300,000Da,最优选200,000Da。
葡聚糖是α-D-1,6-葡萄糖-连接的葡聚糖,具有1-3连接至葡聚糖的骨架单元的侧链。通常,支化度为大约5%。支链大多为1至2个葡萄糖单元长。令人惊讶地,α-1,6多糖应显示出对纤维素和聚酯二者的任何的亲和性。
葡聚糖醛材料必须包含2个或更多个醛基团以进行交联。
葡聚糖的量
我们已经发现使用的葡聚糖交联剂的总量对所述包封物的质量有影响。当葡聚糖醛的使用量为2.0-5.0重量%、优选2.8-3.0重量%时,包封物合适地是均匀的和规则的。葡聚糖醛材料(即高和低分子量葡聚糖醛)的总量以颗粒的总重量计优选为0.5-5.0重量%、更优选1.0-3.5重量%、最优选2.0-3.0重量%。
两种分子量葡聚糖的比率
我们已经发现第二葡聚糖醛(高MWt)与第一葡聚糖醛(低MWt)的比率对交联mPVOH包封物的质量是重要的。高与低MWt葡聚糖醛的重量/重量比率合适地在0.1-10、优选0.5-5并最优选1-2的范围内。
mPVOH
发现mPVOH的量影响包封物的制备。均匀且规则的包封物仅可以在合适的mPVOH浓度下获得。
mPVOH的合适量在2-50重量%、优选10-30重量%、最优选18-20重量%的范围内。
低于该量,香料滴不会完全乳化。高于该量时,所获得的包封物由于包封物之间交联的更高可能性而聚集。
PVOH(母体材料)(水解度为60-99%)首先与衍生化材料例如丁醛反应以得到mPVOH。
mPVOH包含通常在C3至C18之间的烷基链。烃基链长大于22是不期望的,因为获得所述衍生化基团的母体材料与聚合骨架的反应性很差或根本不与其反应。
获得衍生化基团的母体材料上的初始官能团的烃基链长优选为4-22,更优选5-20。
在本申请上下文中,烃基的碳数包括与衍生化材料内的任何其它官能团连接的链内的任何碳。例如,丁醛的烃基链长为4。
衍生化材料在聚合物中的存在水平,基于聚合物的总重量,优选为0.1-40重量%、更优选2-30重量%、最优选5-15重量%,例如8-12%。
在聚合骨架基于PVOH的情况下,衍生化材料的存在水平优选使得衍生基团与骨架上的自由羟基对的数目比为1:3至1:30,更优选1:4至1:20,最优选1:7至1:15,例如1:8至1:13。
优选用于本发明中的聚乙烯醇基聚合物的平均分子量为1,000至300,000,优选2,000至100,000,最优选2,000至75,000。水解、或醇解定义为树脂上的乙酸基被羟基、-OH基团取代时反应完成的百分比。优选的水解范围为PVOH基的膜形成树脂的60-99%,而更优选的水解范围为约88-99%。在本申请中使用时,术语“PVOH”包括具有本文中公开的水解水平的聚乙酸乙烯酯化合物。
优选的PVOH聚合物优选地具有70-99%范围内的平均皂化度、以7%的溶液在环境温度下在20s-1的剪切速率下测量的100至5000mPa.s范围内的粘度。
所有的上述聚合物包括前述聚合物类别,或者作为单一聚合物,或作为由单体单元形成的共聚物,或作为由衍生自具体类别的单体单元形成的共聚物,或作为其中那些单体单元与一种或多种共聚单体单元共聚合的共聚物。
用于本发明中的特别优选的聚合物由下式表示:
其中z与x的平均数字比在1∶200至1∶6、更优选1∶100至1∶8、最优选1∶50至1∶12的范围内,例如1∶30至1∶14;y是母体化合物水解后保留的剩余乙酸酯,其优选在1-20%、更优选1-10%、最优选1-5%的范围内,并且R是具有3-22个碳原子的烷基或烯基。
更优选地,R是具有3至6个碳原子的烷基。最优选R为C3H7。
mPVOH的制备
通过将100g的PVOH(Mowiol 20-98(商品名),获自Kuraray Specialities)和900g的脱矿物质水放入烧瓶中,并加热至70℃,来制备10重量%的PVOH的水溶液。向其中加入10ml的盐酸(36%水溶液)以催化该反应,然后添加丁醛。然后在70C下在惰性气氛下搅拌混合物5小时,在该时间之后停止加热,并在室温下继续再搅拌20小时。然后使用氢氧化钠溶液将反应混合物的pH调节至7。
所得溶液在丙酮中沉淀以得到缩醛化的PVOH聚合物,并用丙酮(500ml)然后用水(50ml)重复洗涤。然后在真空中在70C下干燥过夜,获得白色聚合物。
沉积助剂
颗粒可包含沉积助剂。优选的沉积助剂对蛋白质表面、纤维素表面、聚酯表面、脂质表面或聚酰胺表面具有亲和性。通过使用这种沉积助剂,可以提高递送至特定基体的效率。
沉积助剂改良颗粒的外部特性。可以用这些材料得到的一个特别的益处是使颗粒对于期望基体更加亲和。期望的基体包括纤维素(包括棉)、聚酯(包括用于制备聚酯织物的那些)和含蛋白质的基体(如皮肤和头发)。沉积助剂优选选自非可水解的基体亲和性聚合物、可水解的基体亲和性聚合物和聚酯亲和性聚合物。
优选的多糖聚合物,无论是否水解,可以衍生自广泛的多糖类物质。优选地,多糖选自:罗望子胶(优选由木葡聚糖聚合物构成)、瓜耳胶、洋槐豆胶(优选由半乳甘露聚糖聚合物构成)、和其它工业胶和聚合物,其包括但不限于塔拉、胡芦巴、芦荟、芡欧鼠尾草、亚麻籽、车前草籽、榅桲籽、黄原胶、结冷胶、维兰胶、鼠李胶、右旋糖酐、凝胶多糖、普鲁兰多糖、硬葡聚糖、裂褶菌多糖(schizophllan)、甲壳质、羟烷基纤维素、阿拉伯糖(优选来自甜菜)、去支化阿拉伯糖(优选来自甜菜)、阿拉伯木聚糖(优选来自黑麦和小麦面粉)、半乳聚糖(优选来自羽扁豆和土豆)、果胶半乳聚糖(优选来自土豆)、半乳甘露聚糖(优选来自角豆,包括低和高粘度)、葡甘露聚糖、地衣多糖(优选来自冰岛苔藓)、甘露聚糖(优选来自象牙棕榈果)、茯苓聚糖、鼠李聚糖半乳糖醛酸、阿拉伯树胶、琼脂、藻酸盐、角叉菜胶、壳聚糖、clavan、透明质酸、肝素、菊粉、纤维糊精、纤维素、纤维素衍生物、及其混合物。
优选的非可水解基体亲和性沉积助剂包括非可水解多糖。对于棉的亲和性优选的多糖例如具有β-1,4-连接的骨架。
优选的多糖是纤维素,纤维素衍生物,或另一种对于纤维素具有亲和性的β-1,4-连接的多糖(如多聚甘露糖、多聚葡萄糖、多聚葡甘露糖、多聚木葡糖和多聚半乳甘露糖或其混合物)。更优选的是,多糖选自多聚木葡糖和多聚半乳甘露糖。最优选地,沉积助剂是洋槐豆胶、木葡聚糖、瓜尔胶或其混合物。
优选的可水解基体亲和性的沉积助剂包括可水解多糖,这些包括已经通过将基团经可水解键共价连接到多糖上的方式被改性以使得其更可溶于水的多糖。优选的基团可以例如独立地选自乙酸酯、丙酸酯、三氟乙酸酯、2-(2-羟基-l-氧基丙氧基)丙酸酯、乳酸酯、乙醇酸酯、丙酮酸酯、巴豆酸酯、异戊酸酯、肉桂酸酯、甲酸酯、水杨酸酯、氨基甲酸酯、甲基氨基甲酸酯、苯甲酸酯、葡糖酸酯、甲磺酸酯、甲苯、磺酸酯的基团和富马酸、丙二酸、衣康酸、草酸、马来酸、琥珀酸、酒石酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、和苹果酸的半酯基团中的一种或多种。
在这些有助于棉亲和性的可水解沉积助剂之中优选的是纤维素单醋酸酯。
合适的和优选的聚酯亲和性沉积助剂包括含邻苯二甲酸酯的聚合物,更优选为具有一种或多种非离子亲水成分(包括氧化乙烯、聚氧化乙烯、氧化丙烯或聚氧化丙烯链段)和一种或多种疏水成分(包括对苯二甲酸酯链段)的聚合物。典型地,这些沉积助剂的氧化烯链嵌段将具有1到约400的聚合度,但可以使用更高的水平,优选100至约350,更优选200到大约300。
一种优选的沉积助剂是具有对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯和聚环氧乙烷对苯二甲酸酯的无规嵌段的共聚物。
另一个优选的聚合沉积助剂是具有对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯单元的重复单元的聚酯,其含有10-15wt%的对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯单元和90-80wt%的衍生自平均分子量为0.2kD-40kD的聚乙二醇的聚氧化乙烯对苯二甲酸酯单元。这类聚合物的实例包括可商购的材料ZELCON 5126(来自DuPont)和MILEASE T(来自ICI)。相关聚合物的实例可以在US4702857中找到。
另一种优选的聚合物沉积助剂是基本上直链的酯低聚物的磺化产物,所述酯低聚物由对苯二甲酰基和氧化烯氧基重复单元的低聚酯骨架和共价连接到骨架上的端基部分构成。在US4968451中充分描述了这些去污剂。其它适合的聚合去污剂包括US4711730的对苯二甲酸酯聚酯、US4721580的阴离子封端的低聚酯、和US4702857的嵌段聚酯低聚化合物。
优选的聚合物沉积助剂也包括US4877896的去污剂,其公开了阴离子(尤其是磺基芳酰基)封端的对苯二甲酸酯。
另外的优选沉积助剂为具有对苯二甲酰单元、磺基异对苯二甲酰单元、氧化乙烯氧基和氧-1,2-丙烯单元的重复单元的低聚物。重复单元形成低聚物的骨架,并且优选以改性的羟乙磺酸酯封端为末端。特别优选的这种类型的沉积助剂包含约一个磺基间苯二酰单元、5个对苯二酰单元、比率为约1.7至约1.8的氧化乙烯氧基和氧基-1,2-丙烯氧基单元以及两个2-(2-羟基乙氧基)-乙烷磺酸钠的封端单元。所述去污剂还包含以低聚物重量计约0.5%至约20%的结晶减少稳定剂(crystalline reducing stabilizer),所述稳定剂优选选自二甲苯磺酸酯、枯烯磺酸酯、甲苯磺酸酯及其混合物。
沉积助剂可以是直链或支链的。聚合物沉积助剂的优选分子量为约5kD-约500kD,优选10kD-500kD,更优选20kD-300kD范围内。
优选地,沉积助剂聚合物以使得聚合物:颗粒固体的比例为1:500-3:1,优选1:200-1:3范围内的水平存在。
制备方法
有益剂在反应混合物中的存在水平可以是使得有益剂在所得颗粒中的水平为上文描述的水平,但也可能形成“空的”颗粒(具有或不具有有益剂载体,例如蜡)并随后将它们暴露于可能被吸收到内部区域中的有益剂。
沉积助剂通常在包封的早期部分或晚期阶段添加。
对于简单的核-壳颗粒,不包括有益剂的核小于或等于颗粒质量的95wt%,并且壳一般为颗粒质量的5wt%或更大。
特别优选的实施方式
特别优选的是上述颗粒包括含于核中、被壳包围和/或吸收于载体材料例如矿物油(其被壳或被壳外部的多糖沉积助剂围绕)中的香味剂。尤其优选的颗粒的粒径为5-50微米。
产品的用途
本发明的终产品组合物可以是任何物理形式,例如固体(如粉末或颗粒状物)、片剂、固体棒、糊剂、凝胶或液体(尤其是水基液体)。
本发明的颗粒可以有利地并入到含表面活性剂的、特别是洗衣组合物和个人护理组合物中。该颗粒典型地以总组合物重量的0.001%至10%、优选0.005%至7.55%,最优选0.01%至5%的水平包括在所述组合物中。
对于洗衣应用,组合物中的一种活性成分优选为表面活性试剂或织物调理剂。可以包含超过一种活性成分。对于某些应用,可以使用活性成分的混合物。
包含本发明的颗粒的配制组合物可以含有表面活性化合物(表面活性剂),所述表面活性化合物可以选自皂和非皂阴离子型、阳离子型、非离子型、两性的和两性离子型表面活性化合物及其混合物。许多合适的表面活性化合物是可得到的,并充分描述在文献中,例如,在Schwartz,Perry和Berch的“Surface-Active Agents and Detergents”,卷Ⅰ和Ⅱ中。可以使用的优选的表面活性化合物是皂类和合成的非皂阴离子型和非离子型化合物。
本发明的组合物可以含有直链烷基苯磺酸盐,特别是烷基链长度为C8至C15的直链烷基苯磺酸盐。优选的是直链烷基苯磺酸盐的水平为总组合物重量的0wt%到30wt%,更优选为1wt%到25wt%,最优选从2wt%到15wt%。
除上述百分比以外,组合物可以以一定量含有其它阴离子表面活性剂。合适的阴离子表面活性剂是本领域技术人员公知的。实例包括伯和仲烷基硫酸盐,特别是C8至C15伯烷基硫酸盐;烷基醚硫酸盐;烯烃磺酸盐;烷基二甲苯磺酸盐;二烷基磺基琥珀酸盐和脂肪酸酯磺酸盐。一般优选钠盐。
组合物还可以含有非离子型表面活性剂。可使用的非离子表面活性剂包括伯和仲醇乙氧基化物,尤其是每摩尔醇用平均1-20摩尔环氧乙烷乙氧基化的C8到C20脂族醇,并且更尤其是每摩尔醇用平均1-10摩尔环氧乙烷乙氧基化的C10到C15伯和仲脂族醇。非乙氧基化的非离子表面活性剂包括烷基多糖苷、甘油单醚、和聚羟基酰胺(葡糖酰胺)。
优选的是非离子型表面活性剂的水平为以包含本发明颗粒的完全配制的组合物的重量计0wt%到30wt%,优选为1wt%到25wt%,最优选为2wt%到15wt%。
可以使用任何常规的织物调理剂。调理剂可以是阳离子型或非离子型的。如果织物调理化合物被用在主洗洗涤剂组合物中,则该化合物通常为非离子型的。用于漂洗阶段时通常为阳离子型的。它们例如可以以包含本发明颗粒的完全配制的组合物的重量计0.5%到35%,优选1%到30%,更优选3%到25%的量使用。
合适的阳离子织物软化化合物是包含单个烷基或烯基长链(平均链长大于或等于C20)的基本上水不溶性的季铵盐材料,或更优选地,是包含极性头部基团和两个烷基或烯基链(平均链长大于或等于C14)的化合物。优选地,织物软化化合物具有两个长链烷基或烯基链,其各自的平均链长大于或等于C16。最优选地,至少50%的长链烷基或烯基具有C18或更长的链长。如果织物软化化合物的长链烷基或烯基主要是线性的,则是优选的。
具有两个长链脂族基的季铵化合物,例如,二硬脂基二甲基氯化铵和二(硬化牛脂烷基)二甲基氯化铵,被广泛用于可商购的漂洗调理剂组合物中。这些阳离子化合物的其它实例可以在“Surfactants Science Series”第34卷Richmond编辑1990,第37卷Rubingh编辑1991和第53卷Cross和Singer编辑1994,纽约Marcel Dekker Inc.中找到。
织物软化化合物优选为提供优异软化的化合物,并且特征在于链熔融的Lβ至Lα转变温度大于25℃,优选大于35℃,最优选大于45℃。该Lβ至Lα转变可通过如在“Handbook ofLipid Bilayers”,D Marsh,CRC出版社,Boca Raton,Florida,1990(第137页和第337页)中所定义的示差扫描量热法来测定。
基本上水不溶性的织物软化化合物被定义为在20℃时在去矿物质水中溶解度小于1×10-3wt%的织物软化化合物。优选地,织物软化化合物的溶解度小于1×10-4wt%,更优选为从小于1×10-8wt%至1×10-6wt%。
特别优选的是水不溶性的季铵材料的阳离子织物软化化合物,该季铵盐材料具有两个经由至少一个酯键、优选两个酯键连接至分子的C12-22烷基或烯基。二(牛脂氧基氧乙基)二甲基氯化铵和/或其硬化牛酯类似物是特别优选的此类化合物。
第二种优选类型包含衍生自三乙醇胺的那些(以下称为“TEA季铵物质”),如在例如US3915867中描述的。合适的材料为例如N-甲基-N,N,N-三乙醇胺二牛油酯或二硬化牛油酯季铵氯化物或硫酸二甲酯。可商购的TEA季铵物质的实例包括Rewoquat WE18和RewoquatWE20,两者都是部分不饱和的(来自WITCO)、Tetranyl AOT-1(完全饱和,来自KAO)和Stepantex VP85(完全饱和,来自Stepan)。
有利的是,季铵盐材料在生物学上是生物可降解的。
也可包括某些单烷基阳离子表面活性剂,其可被用在织物的主洗组合物中。可使用的阳离子表面活性剂包括通式R1R2R3R4N+X-的季铵盐,其中R基团是长烃链或短烃链,通常为烷基、羟烷基或乙氧基化的烷基,并且X是抗衡离子(例如是这样的化合物,其中R1是C8-C22烷基,优选为C8-C10或C12-C14烷基,R2是甲基,R3和R4(可能相同或不同)为甲基或羟乙基);和阳离子酯(例如胆碱酯)。
表面活性化合物(表面活性剂)的选择以及存在的量将取决于洗涤组合物的预期用途。在织物洗涤组合物中,如熟练配制者所公知的,可选择不同的表面活性剂体系,用于手洗产品或用于预期用在不同类型的洗衣机中的产品。
存在的表面活性剂的总量也将取决于预期的最终用途,并且例如在用于手洗织物的组合物中可以在完全配制的产品中高达60wt%。在用于织物机洗的组合物中,5至40wt%的量一般是合适的。通常的组合物将包含至少2wt%表面活性剂,例如2至60重量%,优选15至40重量%,最优选25至35重量%。
适用于大多数自动织物洗衣机的洗涤剂组合物一般含有阴离子型非皂表面活性剂或非离子表面活性剂,或两者以任何合适比率的组合(任选地,与皂组合)。当被用作主洗织物洗涤组合物时,组合物一般将还包含一种或多种助洗剂。助洗剂在组合物中的总量典型地为组合物重量的5至80wt%,优选为10至60wt%。
可存在的无机助洗剂包括碳酸钠,如果期望的话,结合碳酸钙的晶种,如在GB 1437 950(Unilever)中所公开的;结晶和无定形铝硅酸盐,例如在GB 1 473 201(Henkel)中公开的沸石,如在GB 1 473 202(Henkel)中公开的无定形铝硅酸盐和如在GB 1 470 250(Procter&Gamble)中公开的混合的结晶/无定形铝硅酸盐;和如在EP 164 514B(Hoechst)中公开的层状硅酸盐。无机磷酸盐助洗剂,例如正磷酸钠、焦磷酸钠和三聚磷酸钠,也适用于本发明。
本发明的组合物优选含有碱金属(优选为钠)铝硅酸盐助洗剂。铝硅酸钠一般可以10到70wt%(无水),优选为25至50wt%的量引入最终产品制剂中。
碱金属铝硅酸盐可为结晶的或无定形的或其混合物,并具有通式:0.81.5Na2O.Al2O3.0.8 6SiO2。
这些材料含有一些结合水,并要求具有至少50mg CaO/g的钙离子交换容量。优选的铝硅酸钠含有1.5 3.5 SiO2单元(在上式中)。如在文献中详细描述的,无定形和结晶材料都可通过硅酸钠和铝酸钠之间的反应而容易制备。合适的结晶铝硅酸钠离子交换助洗剂在GB 1 429 143(Procter&Gamble)中进行了描述。此类型的优选铝硅酸钠是公知的可商购的沸石A和X及其混合物。
沸石可为可商购的沸石4A,其现被广泛用在衣物洗涤剂粉末中。然而,根据本发明的优选实施方式,引入本发明的组合物中的沸石助洗剂是如在EP 384 070A(Unilever)中描述和要求保护的最大铝沸石P(沸石MAP)。沸石MAP被定义为沸石P类型的碱金属铝硅酸盐,硅与铝的重量比不超过1.33,优选在0.90至1.33的范围内,更优选在0.90至1.20的范围内。
特别优选的是硅与铝的重量比不超过1.07、更优选为约1.00的沸石MAP。沸石MAP的钙结合容量一般为至少150mg CaO每g无水材料。
可存在的有机助洗剂包括聚羧酸盐聚合物,例如聚丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸/马来酸共聚物和丙烯酸次膦酸酯;单体聚羧酸酯,例如柠檬酸酯、葡糖酸酯、氧基二琥珀酸酯、丙三醇单、二和三琥珀酸酯、羧甲氧基琥珀酸酯、羧甲氧基丙二酸酯、吡啶二羧酸酯、羟乙基亚胺二乙酸酯、烷基和烯基丙二酸酯和琥珀酸酯;和磺酸化的脂肪酸盐。此列举并不意为穷举性的。
特别优选的有机助洗剂是柠檬酸酯,合适地以5到30wt%,优选为10至25wt%的量用在完全配制的组合物中;和丙烯酸聚合物,更尤其是丙烯酸/马来酸共聚物,合适的用量为0.5到15wt%,优选为1到10wt%。
无机和有机助洗剂二者优选以碱金属盐,尤其是钠盐的形式存在。
包含根据本发明的颗粒的组合物还可适当地含有漂白体系。织物洗涤组合物可期望地含有能够在水性溶液中产生过氧化氢的过氧漂白化合物,例如无机过酸盐或有机过氧酸。
合适的过氧漂白化合物包括有机过氧化物(如过氧化脲)和无机过酸盐(如碱金属过硼酸盐、过碳酸盐、过磷酸盐、过硅酸盐和过硫酸盐)。优选的无机过酸盐为过硼酸钠一水合物和过硼酸钠四水合物,和过碳酸钠。
尤其优选的是具有抵抗因潮湿而去稳定化的保护涂层的过碳酸钠。具有包含偏硼酸钠和硅酸钠的保护涂层的过碳酸钠在GB 2 123 044B(Kao)中被公开。
过氧漂白化合物合适地以0.1到35wt%,优选0.5到25wt%的量存在于完全配制的产品中。过氧漂白化合物可与漂白活化剂(漂白前体)结合使用,以改善在低洗涤温度时的漂白作用。漂白前体的合适的存在量为0.1到8wt%,优选为0.5到5wt%。
优选的漂白前体是过氧羧酸前体,更尤其是过乙酸前体和过壬酸前体。适用于本发明的尤其优选的漂白前体是N,N,N’,N’-四乙酰乙二胺(TAED)和壬酰氧基苯磺酸钠(SNOBS)。所涉及的还有在US 4751015和US 4818426(Lever Brothers Company)以及EP402971A(Unilever)中公开的新季铵盐和鏻漂白前体,和在EP 284 292A和EP 303 520A(Kao)中公开的阳离子漂白前体。
漂白体系可用过氧酸补充或被过氧酸替代。这些过酸的实例可在US 4 686 063和US 5397501(Unilever)中找到。优选的实例是在EP A325288、EP A 349940、DE 3823172和EP 325289中描述的酰亚氨过氧羧酸类过酸。特别优选的实例是苯二甲酰亚氨基过氧己酸(PAP)。这些过酸适合地以0.1到12wt%,优选为0.5到10wt%存在。
漂白稳定剂(过渡金属螯合剂)也可存在于完全配制的产品中。合适的漂白稳定剂包括乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、多膦酸盐(例如Dequest(商标))和非磷酸盐稳定剂(例如EDDS(乙二胺二琥珀酸))。这些漂白稳定剂对于去污也是有用的,特别是在含有低水平漂白物质或不含漂白物质的最终产品中。
尤其优选的漂白体系包含过氧漂白化合物(优选为过碳酸钠,任选地还有漂白活化剂),和如在EP 458 397A、EP 458 398A和EP 509 787A(Unilever)中描述和要求保护的过渡金属漂白催化剂。
有利的是,在本发明的组合物中,可以使用对漂白剂敏感的有益剂(特别是香料成分),因为将例如香料成分包封于颗粒中将对香料成分或其它有益剂提供某种程度的保护。
完全配制的组合物还可含有一种或多种酶。
合适的酶包括可用于加入到洗涤剂组合物中的蛋白酶、淀粉酶、纤维素酶、氧化酶、过氧化物酶和脂肪酶。优选的蛋白水解酶(蛋白酶)是催化活性蛋白材料,当其存在于例如织物污渍中时,其在水解反应中降解或改变污渍的蛋白质类型。它们可以是任何合适的来源,例如植物、动物、细菌或酵母来源。
具有各种不同性质和来源并且在4至12的不同pH范围内具有活性的蛋白水解酶或蛋白酶是可得到的且可用在本发明中。合适的蛋白水解酶的实例是枯草杆菌蛋白酶,它是从枯草杆菌地衣形芽孢杆菌(B.Subtilis B.licheniformis)的特定菌株获得的,如由Genencor International N.V.,Delft,Holland所供应的可商购的枯草杆菌蛋白酶Maxatase(商标),和由Novozymes lndustri A/S,Copenhagen,Denmark所供应的Alcalase(商标)。
特别合适的是在整个8到12的pH范围内都具有最大活性的从芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)的菌株中获得的蛋白酶,可商购自例如Novozymes lndustri A/S,注册商品名为Esperase(商标)和Savinase(商标)。这些酶和类似酶的制备被描述在GB 1 243 785中。其它商用蛋白酶是Kazusase(商标,可得自日本的Showa Denko)、Optimase(商标,来自Miles Kali Chemie,Hannover,West Germany)和Superase(商标,可购自美国的Pfizer)。
洗涤酶通常以粒状形式用于完全配制的产品中,用量为产品的约0.1至约3.0wt%。然而,可以使用任何合适的物理形式的酶。有利的是,在本发明的组合物中,可以使用对酶敏感的有益剂(例如香料成分),因为将香料成分(或其它有益剂)包封在颗粒内将对香料成分(或其它有益剂)提供某种程度的保护。
本发明的组合物可含有碱金属,优选碳酸钠,以增加洗涤性和易于处理性。碳酸钠可以以1到60wt%,优选2到40wt%的量合适地存在于完全配制的产品中。然而,含有少量或不含碳酸钠的组合物也属于本发明的范围之内。
当被稀释在洗涤液体中时(在典型的洗涤循环期间),完全配制的洗涤剂组合物典型地为主洗洗涤剂提供7至10.5的洗涤液体的pH。
颗粒状洗涤剂组合物适合通过对相容的热不敏感成分的浆体进行喷雾干燥、随后喷射或后投料那些不适合经由浆体处理的成分而制备。熟练的洗涤剂配制人员在决定哪些成分应被包括在浆体内、哪些不应被包括在内时没有困难。经由后投料添加本发明的香料颗粒是特别有用的。
颗粒状洗涤剂组合物优选具有至少400g/升的堆积密度,更优选至少500g/升。尤其优选的组合物具有至少650g/升的堆积密度,更优选至少700g/升。
这种粉末可通过喷雾干燥粉末的塔后增浓(post tower densification)来制备,或通过完全无塔的(non-tower)方法(如干法混合和造粒)来制备;在这两种情况下,可有利地使用高速混合器/造粒机。使用高速混合器/造粒机的过程在例如EP 340013A、EP367339A、EP 390251A和EP 420317A(Unilever)中公开。
液体洗涤剂组合物可通过将组合物的必要成分及其任选成分以任何期望的顺序混合而制备,以提供含有所需浓度的成分的组合物。本发明的液体组合物也可为致密形式,这意味着,与常规液体洗涤剂相比,它将含有更低水平的水。
为了可进一步理解和实践本发明,将进一步参考以下实施例描述本发明。
实施例
使用的材料
在以下实施例中使用的原料总结在表1中。
表1:在这些实施例中使用的材料的名称、供应商和描述。
*母体PVOH的分子量和水解度(皂化)分别为35000和98%。丁醛的改性程度(MD)为10%。WO2004/031271描述了这种改性PVOH的制备。
制备模型香料在以下实施例中使用,所述模型香料的组成总结在表2中。
表2:模型香料的组成,显示出成分、供应商和量。
实施例1:制备交联的mPVOH包封物
制备下面的包封物:
包封物1——根据本发明的用20k和200k的葡聚糖的混合物交联。
对比包封物A——用戊二醛(现有技术已知的常用的交联剂)交联。
对比包封物B——仅用20k葡聚糖交联。
使用下面的方法制备在这些实施例中使用的包封物:
首先如下制备醛衍生的葡聚糖:
在烧瓶中制备50ml的4%的高碘酸钠(NaIO4)的水溶液。通过添加0.5ml的1M HCl将溶液的pH调节至约3.5,然后通过用铝箔覆盖该烧瓶以保护溶液免受光照。向烧瓶中添加1.5g的葡聚糖(MWt为20,000或200,000)并使其溶解。所得混合物在搅拌下加热至40℃达3小时。混合物使用透析管透析48小时,截取MWt 7000。
然后使用下述方法制备包含香料X的包封物1:
●将32g的0.5%的mPVOH溶液与480μl的香料X混合在单颈烧瓶中,使得获得的香料与mPVOH的最终比率为3:1。任何其它组分例如聚合物试剂(例如甲基纤维素)、溶剂(例如肉豆蔻酸异丙酯)在与PVOH混合之前与香料组合。
●然后在6000rpm下将混合物匀化2min。将0.4ml的醛衍生的葡聚糖(葡聚糖-CHO,CHO量为0.08mmol)(或戊二醛)溶液加入烧瓶中,并将所述混合物在6000rpm下再匀化3min以形成乳液。
●随后将烧瓶置于水浴中并在温和搅拌下以约1℃/分钟的速率加热至50℃,并使所述混合物在50℃下保持1.5小时。
●然后添加500μl的1M HCl来调节pH至2-3,所得混合物在50℃下再搅拌4.5小时。
●然后取出烧瓶,所述混合物形成为命名为“包封物1X”的香料包封物。
实施例2——包封物1和包封物A的颗粒和分散性质
评价包封物的粒度、颗粒分布和分散性质。
利用Mastersizer 2000(Malvern)测量粒度分布。在光学显微镜(Hirox KH77003D显微镜)下观察包封物图像。
表3交联剂类型对包封物性质的影响
包封物 | 粒度(μm) | 粒度分布 | 聚集 |
A | 20 | 坏 | 是 |
1 | 20 | 好 | 否 |
发现对比包封物A在制备过程中发生聚集。还发现与本发明的葡聚糖醛相比,戊二醛引起难以控制的快速交联反应。
实施例3——包封物香料泄漏的评价
使用下面的方法评价在这些实施例中使用的包封物的香料泄漏:
将mPVOH香料包封物(包含15mg香料的量)加入玻璃小瓶中的2g的力士(Lux)沐浴露(US制剂,可商购,2011年1-2月)中,并密封小瓶。该混合物然后在用于香料泄漏的SPME-GC-MS评价之前在室温下保温7天。制备包含15mg游离香料的2g沐浴露制剂作为校正标准,对应于100%泄漏。同样地,制备目标浓度的对数刻度作为校正标准,对应于1.0、1.8、3.2、5.6、10、18、32和56%泄漏。
校正、样品和对照均以相同操作理想地测量。沐浴露制剂中的香料包封物的泄漏通过与校正比较相应的吸收峰而获得。SPME-GC-MS方法的细节提供在下面。
SPME-GC-MS方法:
设备:Agilent 6890GC,配备有Agilent 5975B MS和PAL CTC取样器。
保温时间:300s
保温温度:30℃
提取时间:10s
解吸时间:60s
炉:50℃保持1分钟,20℃/分钟至180℃,40℃/分钟至280℃并保持2分钟,80℃/分钟至200℃,60℃/分钟至140℃,40℃/分钟至100℃,
运行时间:15分钟
入口:250℃,无分流
载气:He,1.0ml/min
柱:DB-5MS,J&W 122-5532
采集模式:SIM,m/z 71,136,150
实施例4:包封物1和对比包封物B的香料泄漏
通过如上所述的SPME-GC-MS测量在沐浴露制剂中包含香料X的包封物1和对比包封物B的香料泄漏。结果显示在下表4中。样品在指示的温度下保温指示的天数之后进行泄漏评价。
表4:沐浴露制剂中包封物1和对比包封物B的香料泄漏
*D20k-CHO:醛衍生的葡聚糖(20k);D200k-CHO:醛衍生的葡聚糖(200k);醛浓度为0.2mol/L。
**香料X的成分进行单独分析。
将看到,甚至在20天之后,本发明的包封物的泄漏也比对比实施例更低。
Claims (17)
1.一种颗粒,其包含:
(a)包含有益剂的核;
(b)壳,其中所述壳包含交联的、疏水改性的聚乙烯醇,其包含含有以下组分的交联剂:
i)分子量从2,000至50,000Da的第一葡聚糖醛;和
ii)分子量从大于50,000至2,000,000Da的第二葡聚糖醛。
2.权利要求1所述的颗粒,其中所述第一葡聚糖醛和所述第二葡聚糖醛的总量以所述颗粒的总重量计为0.5至5.0重量%。
3.权利要求1所述的颗粒,其中所述第二葡聚糖醛与所述第一葡聚糖醛以重量计的比率为0.1至10。
4.权利要求1-3任一项中所述的颗粒,其中所述第一葡聚糖醛的分子量为从5,000至30,000Da;且所述第二葡聚糖醛的分子量为从100,000至500,000Da。
5.权利要求1-3任一项中所述的颗粒,其中所述疏水改性的聚乙烯醇用丁醛改性。
6.权利要求1-3任一项中所述的颗粒,其中所述核还包含选自聚合物试剂、溶剂及其混合物的附加组分。
7.权利要求6所述的颗粒,其中所述溶剂选自邻苯二甲酸二乙酯、肉豆蔻酸异丙酯、PEG-600、苯甲酸C12-15烷基酯及其混合物。
8.权利要求6所述的颗粒,其中所述聚合物试剂选自羟丙基甲基纤维素、甲基纤维素及其混合物。
9.权利要求1-3任一项中所述的颗粒,其中所述颗粒还包含沉积助剂。
10.权利要求9所述的颗粒,其中所述沉积助剂是多糖。
11.权利要求9所述的颗粒,其中所述沉积助剂是非离子多糖。
12.权利要求1-3任一项中所述的颗粒,其平均直径为5至50微米。
13.权利要求1-3任一项中所述的颗粒,其中所述有益剂是香料或抗微生物剂。
14.一种液体组合物,其包含权利要求1-13任一项中所述的颗粒,其还包含:
a)选自阴离子型、阳离子型、非离子型、两性离子型的表面活性剂;和
b)溶剂。
15.一种液体组合物,其包含权利要求1-13任一项中所述的颗粒,其还包含:
a)选自阴离子型、阳离子型、非离子型、两性离子型的表面活性剂;和
b)水。
16.一种家庭护理或个人护理组合物,其包含至少一种根据权利要求1到4中任一项所述的颗粒。
17.根据权利要求16所述的组合物,其中所述组合物是衣物洗涤剂、衣物调理剂、除臭剂、止汗剂、洗发剂、头发调理剂或皮肤护理或皮肤清洁产品。
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- 2013-11-05 US US14/443,109 patent/US9321987B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-11-05 WO PCT/EP2013/073073 patent/WO2014075956A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-11-05 BR BR112015010475-4A patent/BR112015010475B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2013-11-05 EP EP13788955.6A patent/EP2920290B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2013-11-05 CN CN201380060208.6A patent/CN104781383B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-11-05 ES ES13788955.6T patent/ES2608384T3/es active Active
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US20150291919A1 (en) | 2015-10-15 |
CN104781383A (zh) | 2015-07-15 |
BR112015010475A2 (pt) | 2017-07-11 |
EP2920290A1 (en) | 2015-09-23 |
EP2920290B1 (en) | 2016-09-21 |
AR093520A1 (es) | 2015-06-10 |
BR112015010475B1 (pt) | 2021-03-02 |
US9321987B2 (en) | 2016-04-26 |
ES2608384T3 (es) | 2017-04-10 |
WO2014075956A1 (en) | 2014-05-22 |
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