CN1302724A - 对接焊装置 - Google Patents

对接焊装置 Download PDF

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CN1302724A
CN1302724A CN01100094A CN01100094A CN1302724A CN 1302724 A CN1302724 A CN 1302724A CN 01100094 A CN01100094 A CN 01100094A CN 01100094 A CN01100094 A CN 01100094A CN 1302724 A CN1302724 A CN 1302724A
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heater
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axis
holding device
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CN1185092C (zh
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让·索龙
吉尔·冈特
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Josef Saulon Industrial Equipment S A
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/116—Single bevelled joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being bevelled in the joint area
    • B29C66/1162—Single bevel to bevel joints, e.g. mitre joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C65/18—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools
    • B29C65/20—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror"
    • B29C65/2053—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by special ways of bringing the welding mirrors into position
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    • B29C65/2069—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated tools with direct contact, e.g. using "mirror" characterised by special ways of bringing the welding mirrors into position by sliding with an angle with respect to the plane comprising the parts to be joined
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    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B29C66/1142—Single butt to butt joints
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    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/13—Single flanged joints; Fin-type joints; Single hem joints; Edge joints; Interpenetrating fingered joints; Other specific particular designs of joint cross-sections not provided for in groups B29C66/11 - B29C66/12
    • B29C66/131—Single flanged joints, i.e. one of the parts to be joined being rigid and flanged in the joint area
    • B29C66/1312—Single flange to flange joints, the parts to be joined being rigid
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    • B29C66/522—Joining tubular articles
    • B29C66/5221—Joining tubular articles for forming coaxial connections, i.e. the tubular articles to be joined forming a zero angle relative to each other
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B29C66/816—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the mounting of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8163—Self-aligning to the joining plane, e.g. mounted on a ball and socket
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  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及两个同轴对接塑料管(7,9)的焊接,利用加热器(5)对这两个要同轴对接的塑料管端头加热,之后使这两端彼此相对紧贴在一起。为了利用加热器(5)对其加热而使管子靠近的过程中,要使该加热器配合着自由移动,其中包括:一种沿着加工部件公共轴线(19)的平移以及至少两种围绕两个横切于部件公共轴线的旋转。

Description

对接焊装置
本发明涉及加工部件两个表面的焊接，为了焊接性能好，这些部件的成分中必需含有塑料。
主要涉及的是可能由聚乙烯作成的同轴放置的两个塑料管对接焊。
公知的塑料部件焊接如同法国专利FR-A-2691666及其相应的美国专利US-A-5620625中所描述的那样。
这类焊接装置还另外在欧洲专利EP-B-453903中作了描述，该装置包括：
-第一个管子的保持固定状态的第一装置以及第二个管子的第二保持装置；
-第一及第二状态保持装置具有彼此相对移动的装置，移动是沿着具有前移和后退方向的公共移动轴线进行的，使得保持一定状态的两个管子相对端彼此同轴靠近或离开；
-一个加热器，活动地安装在支架上而且它适合于插入到第一与第二保持状态装置之间的第一个位置中，而插到第二个位置中就是从侧面离开了移动轴线，管子处在缩回状态，加热器有两个相反的加热面，处在第一个位置中时这两个加热面正对着两个管子的两个相对端。
因此，在图1上可看到对一种普通焊接机所作的描述，该焊接机包括一个与矫正装置3电连接的控制箱1，此矫正装置可以矫正要焊接在一起的管子7、9的端部，另一方面还包括一个可对这两个矫正端加热的加热器5。该加热器常常称为“镜面加热器”并且包括两个相反的加热面可使两个相对部件(管子)的端部材料熔化。控制箱1还与支架的动力举升机构17相连接，管子都同轴地安放在支架上。
为了使部件(管子7和9)放置到位，因而焊机包括一个支架11，它有两组都装有卡爪(图中未示出)的环箍13,15。环箍与举升机构17组合在一起可以沿着轴线19平移移动两个管子。
这种类型的焊机都是由“WIDOS”公司特别制造和销售的(Schillerstrasse 48,4-2351 WR.NEUDORF，尤其是商品型号4400 CNCUnit)。
要指出的是，这类焊机可以在准许放好或撤回矫正装置及镜面加热器的情况下使两个管子离开或靠近。也可参阅专利公开"KUNSTOFF ENRUBBER"Vol.43,N°10,Octobre 1990-ROTTERNAM；p.59-61；J.C.MEIJERINK)。
两个管子中的每一个都可以配备一个识别码21,23，就像固定在管子上的徽章或标牌，也可以是条形码的类型，甚至是磁道或者是电子芯片。
借助于这些识别码和与之相配合的阅读器及处理器(图中未示出)，就能自动管理焊接参数。
典型地说，焊接件的塑性材料是聚乙烯(PEBD,PEHD,PEMD)。
焊接的操作过程如下：
把矫正器3安放在两个管子的直线对准且又同轴隔开的两端之间(见图2)，控制箱1的动力装置控制举升机构17的移动，伴随着对管子进行适当的初始施压。
一旦矫正/找平操作完成之后，机器将会控制两个管子同轴分离开(图3)以便撤回矫正器3并且把镜面加热器5插入到位，如图4所示。
这时起动加热过程，在使镜面加热器5的两个相反的面5a,5b达到一定的调节温度以后(一般为200℃至250℃左右)，机器就控制两个管子在所要求的压力下与这两个加热面接触。
与镜面加热器的接触时间和压力要足以使管子的构成材料被加热到融化并形成流体状同时形成了两个凸缘7a,9a，在出现软化现象的加热时间内可减小压力。
之后，机器就控制举升机构以便重新使两个管子同轴分离开，撤出镜面加热器(参见图5)。
这时两个管子再重新靠近并在其形成流体状的端部地方彼此挤压，保持一定的压力直至冷却(参见图6)。在此时间内，两个凸缘7a’,9a’(体积和尺寸比凸缘7和9更大一些)完成了成形过程。
一旦凸缘冷却了，就认为两个管子之间已对接焊好了。
采用现有技术的加热反射装置有一个缺点就是，要得到真正令人满意的焊接比较困难，特别是在两个焊接面不平行和/或在加热部件时加热器与安放该加工部件的公共轴线不垂直的情况下就更困难了。
本发明的一个主要目的就是改进焊接质量，同时也改进加热器插到焊接部件之间时焊接件与加热器之间的相对定位。
因此，本发明的特征在于：
-加热器安装在支架上至少具有两个旋转自由度，旋转是沿着两个彼此之间不平行且又与平移公共轴线横向相对的旋转轴线进行的；以及
-支架与加热器之间的连接是该加热器按照其旋转自由度的活节铰接，它离开平移公共轴线处在其旁侧并与管子有一定的距离。
除了这种角度配合外，另外还建议轴向配合。
为此，本发明提出，在插入过程中加热器应在由于一个或另一个管子对其产生推力的影响下进行轴向和角度定位，使得正是这些部件对加热器的作用确定了该加热器的最终位置。
有利的是，本发明另外设计了把加热器与一个“门式框架”(或丁字支架)的水平杆连结在一起并悬挂在它上面，借助于吊臂可以活动，其中有一个轴线与平移公共轴线相交叉。
这样，人们就解决了加热器的定位问题，最好是在经过悬挂加热器而使重力起作用的范围内垂直静止不动。在这一方面又提出了本发明的另一个特征：
-加热器中的一个旋转轴线是垂直轴线，可补偿至少一个加工部件相对水平线所形成的角度，它垂直于部件公共轴线；和/或
-另一个旋转轴线可保证加热器围绕水平轴线的摆动，以便补偿至少一个加工部件相对竖直线所形成的角度，它垂直于部件公共轴线。现在参照作为实例而给出的几个附图对本发明作更加详细的描述，图中有：
-图1是一种现有的对接焊装置整体示意图；
-图2,3,4,5,6概括地说明了对接焊两个管子的几个主要步骤；
-图7,8,9以直观示意图的形式表示出了加热器的平行移动及两种可能的旋转；
-图10示出两个管子的垂直剖面图，附带也表示出了加热器可能的平移及前/后摆动的情况；
-图11表示了管子的水平剖面图，附带也表示出了加热器平移和侧摆的可能情况；
-图12以透视直观图的形式更详细地表示出了带有镜面加热器的装置支承架；
-图13是沿着图12中正好在加热器前面的ⅩⅢ-ⅩⅢ线的简化剖视图；
-图14是加热器的一个旋转“螺栓”的示意图。
图7、8和9上可看到概括示意出的加热器5所能具有的三个自由度。
首先在图7中(其中要对接焊的两个管子7和9是以效果线表示的)加热器5安装成可沿着(或平行于)管子的公共水平轴线19以平移方式自由移动(箭头25表示后退方向，箭头27表示前移方向)。
图8中的两个箭头29表示加热器5可能的前/后摆动，围绕着(轴线33)进行该摆动的旋转轴线(假定是水平的)垂直于轴线19，并侧向地距离该轴线有一定的间隔。
图9中的围绕垂直静止轴线37的两个箭头35具体体现了加热器5的第二种自由转动。
图10和11上可看到两个沿着轴线19直线对准的管子7和9，并且在期间插入了镜面加热器5。
镜面加热器利用悬挂支臂41安装在一个单独分开的支架(或桥门架)上，比如特别在图7至9上以39所示意出的那样。
图10选取的是侧视直观示意图并且可观察到两个管子的端面(或对接面)7a,9a相对垂直线倾斜一个非零角α。
利用动力缸(图中以箭头43示出)沿着轴线19向前推的作用，活动管9向固定管7前移，同时驱动镜面加热器5按箭头45的方向同轴移动。
达到与管子7的面7a接触以后，管子9使镜面加热器5沿箭头47的方向向后倾斜(在那种情况下图中用双重影线表示)。
此外如果假设在沿着水平面所截取的剖面图中，对于该同一轴线19有一个角β的正交偏差(图11)，则管子沿着箭头43同样对接移动就会引起镜面加热器5绕轴线“侧转”，如图11中箭头49所示。
因此管子的两个端部7a,9a就能被均匀加热。
图12中加热器5可从轴线19侧向地收起离开管子。这里是加热器所处的高位置，位于环箍上方的防护罩51内。
门式框架39垂直插入到两个加环箍件13,15元间，还带有一个防护罩51，它垂直地安装在两个竖直导向立柱53,55的上端，水平杆57(加热器5的支架)安装成可沿着这两个立柱垂直滑动。
两个侧面立柱53,55下端安装在适当的滑套(图12上仅仅以标号59表示出了其中的一个)周围，以便能够沿着其间连接了环箍的两个水平杆61,63水平地自由滑动(也可能涉及到动力缸17的活塞)。这样，加热器5就能在管子的推力作用下(更确切地说，对本方案来讲是在其中一个管子的推力下)沿着轴线19水平移动。
为了这样轴向移动，加热器5首先悬挂到其导向杆57上、沿着垂直立柱53,55下降。
加热器5的上部位置(从侧向离开放置两个管子的地方)和下方位置另外分别在图13上(去掉了防护罩)用点划线和实线表示出来了。
在下方位置处，其本身是由加热器5构成的环形件与轴线19是同轴的。
在图13中可看到以59和65表示的可使支架39(因而也是镜面加热器5)沿着水平套管61,63轴向滑动的滑套。
对于两种旋转(侧向摇摆和前后摆动)可使用一个或几个螺栓69(见图14上的放大示意图)，悬挂臂(吊架)41可围绕轴线37转动地安装在螺栓的间隙71内。
把吊架41的上端从外部接合到每个螺栓的缝隙71中，就可进行图9上所指出的这种侧向摇摆。
对于图8的第二种旋转，由杆57所支承的每个轴69横穿过该杆(那种情况下杆的截面是圆的)达到两两上下彼此相对的上凹槽75及下凹槽77处，每个都按照与所需的形成角相应的长度穿过所述杆。
这样支撑好以后，其头部突出并且紧靠在上凹槽边缘73的螺栓69可以前、后摇摆，如图8上箭头29所示，同时如有必要的话还可围绕轴线37转动，甚至当该轴线不是垂直的时候。它(轴线)也可通过吊架41和加热器5。
虽然这种“螺栓”式的解决办法是令人喜欢和受到建议的，而其它一些有关镜面加热器铰接的解决方案也可以考虑，比如球铰链系统或挠性薄片系统。
对于轴向平移，还要指出的是，以79a、79b在图中表示出的导轮系统可以代替滑槽59,65。
此外，还可设计一种旋转能使镜面加热器在其接合于管子间的第一位置及其从旁侧收起的第二位置之间变换位置来代替平移(仍然不太令人满意的情况)。

Claims (4)

1、一种用于两个塑料管子(7,9)之间同轴对接焊的焊接装置，它包括：
-第一个管子的第一状态保持装置(13)和第二个管子的第二状态保持装置(15)；
-用于沿着公共平移轴线(19)彼此相对移动第一和第二状态保持装置的机构(17)，平移可沿着向前的方向和后退的方向进行，使得保持固定状态的两个管子的相对端(7a,9a)彼此轴向靠近或离开；
加热器(5)活动地安装在支架(39)上并适宜于插入到第一和第二状态保持装置之间的第一位置中和第二位置中，在第二位置时，该加热器在管子缩回的情况下从旁侧离开了平移轴线(19)，加热器有两个相反的加热面(5a,5b)，在所述第一位置时它们正好与管子的两端(7a,9a)相对，其特征在于：
-安装在支架(39)上的加热器(5)有两个沿着两个旋转轴线(33,37)的转动自由度，两个旋转轴线之间是不平行的而且都与公共平移轴线(19)横切；
-支架(39)和加热器(5)之间的连接是该加热器按照其旋转自由度的活节铰连接，它位于从公共平移轴线(19)侧向隔开的位置并且与管子也隔开一定距离。
2、根据权利要求1所述的对接焊装置，其特征在于，加热器与支架(39)的水平杆(57)连接，并借助悬挂支臂(41)使其活动地悬挂在水平杆上，其中一个轴线与公共平移轴线(19)相交叉。
3、根据权利要求2所述的对接焊装置，其特征在于：
-加热器(5)的一个旋转轴线(37)是垂直轴线，用于补偿至少一个加工部件相对水平线的形成角，它垂直于加工部件的公共轴线(19)；和/或
-另一旋转轴线(33)保证了加热器围绕水平轴线的摆动，用于补偿至少一个加工部件相对垂直线的形成角，它也与加工部件的公共轴线(19)垂直。
4、根据权利要求2或3所述的对接焊装置，其特征在于，加热器或者它与之相连接的门式框架安装成具有移动自由度(25,27)，它几乎是沿着平移轴线(19)在至少一个管子的推力作用下相对管子的状态保持装置移动。
CNB011000945A 2000-01-04 2001-01-03 对接焊装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1185092C (zh)

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CN102814980B (zh) * 2011-06-10 2014-12-31 泰州雅美雨和新材料有限公司 超高分子量聚乙烯钢丝网骨架复合管电熔热熔连接方法
CN108556370A (zh) * 2018-01-08 2018-09-21 无锡市胜达塑管熔接设备有限公司 热熔焊机
CN113290867A (zh) * 2021-05-25 2021-08-24 朝格毕力格 一种pe管用拼接装置
CN114633482A (zh) * 2022-02-17 2022-06-17 柯涛 一种pe管道熔接设备

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