CN1288448A - 优选从废料中制备具有封闭孔的硅酸盐泡沫体的方法和由该方法生产的产品 - Google Patents
优选从废料中制备具有封闭孔的硅酸盐泡沫体的方法和由该方法生产的产品 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1288448A CN1288448A CN99802112A CN99802112A CN1288448A CN 1288448 A CN1288448 A CN 1288448A CN 99802112 A CN99802112 A CN 99802112A CN 99802112 A CN99802112 A CN 99802112A CN 1288448 A CN1288448 A CN 1288448A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 229910001404 rare earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910000318 alkali metal phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- PRABIBOMRPOFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Ti+4].OOO.[O-2] Chemical compound [O-2].[Ti+4].OOO.[O-2] PRABIBOMRPOFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- -1 alkali metal hydrogen phosphate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010215 titanium dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003110 molding sand Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003439 heavy metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014380 magnesium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052728 basic metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003637 basic solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052909 inorganic silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005304 joining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011295 pitch Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000037 vitreous enamel Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Phosphate ion(2-) Chemical compound OP([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- PVOXCLVRHYZZEP-UHFFFAOYSA-M [OH-].[O-2].[Ti+3] Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Ti+3] PVOXCLVRHYZZEP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M aluminum;oxygen(2-);hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[Al+3] VXAUWWUXCIMFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M dihydrogenphosphate Chemical compound OP(O)([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L Zinc carbonate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C([O-])=O FMRLDPWIRHBCCC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000011667 zinc carbonate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000004416 zinc carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910000010 zinc carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000006063 cullet Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000005388 borosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000005355 lead glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 3
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011494 foam glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010922 glass waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L hydroxy(oxo)manganese;manganese Chemical compound [Mn].O[Mn]=O.O[Mn]=O AMWRITDGCCNYAT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009955 starching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020238 sunflower seed Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 208000034189 Sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006286 aqueous extract Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019628 coolness Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960004643 cupric oxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L disodium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].OP([O-])([O-])=O BNIILDVGGAEEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009503 electrostatic coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- AEBZCFFCDTZXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N europium(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Eu+3].[Eu+3] AEBZCFFCDTZXHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006261 foam material Substances 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N hydroxyformaldehyde Chemical compound O[14CH]=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012204 lemonade/lime carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001708 magnesium carbonate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000162 sodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011008 sodium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000018 strontium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002937 thermal insulation foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
- C04B18/023—Fired or melted materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
- C04B18/027—Lightweight materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
- C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B26/26—Bituminous materials, e.g. tar, pitch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249967—Inorganic matrix in void-containing component
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249967—Inorganic matrix in void-containing component
- Y10T428/249969—Of silicon-containing material [e.g., glass, etc.]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249976—Voids specified as closed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249987—With nonvoid component of specified composition
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
- Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
- Y10T428/249987—With nonvoid component of specified composition
- Y10T428/249991—Synthetic resin or natural rubbers
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Silicates, Zeolites, And Molecular Sieves (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
Abstract
本发明的方法其特征在于:将1—10重量份的粒子大小为10—100μm的气体形成材料,0.5—15重量份的蒙脱石、0.5—2重量份水溶液形式的碱金属磷酸氢盐或碱金属磷酸二氢盐或者碱金属磷酸盐与硅酸钠的混合物,以及0.01—5重量份的稀土金属氧化物或此类氧化物的混合物,加入到100重量份的比表面积为2000—8000m2/g的硅酸盐粉料,然后均匀化获得的混合物,预先干燥,用1—5重量份的钛白和/或氧化钛氢氧化物和/或氧化铝氢氧化物涂覆该颗粒,然后在720－1000℃的温度下经过热处理,并成形获得的混合物。本发明的主题也涉及由上述方法得到的产品。
Description
本发明涉及一种从废料中制备具有封闭孔的硅酸盐泡沫体的方法和由该方法生产的产品。
由本发明的方法生产的硅酸盐泡沫体颗粒，可以单独或与无机或有机的粘合材料一起使用制造所需形状的板或制品。
本发明的产品具有低比重、阻燃性和具有优良的绝热性、隔音性和抗震性。
已知几种制备玻璃泡沫材料的方法。
在匈牙利专利号171046中公开了一种从磨细的废玻璃中制造泡沫产品的方法。按照所说的方法，将废玻璃与作为降低熔点添加物的粉状碱金属氢氧化物、磷酸以及/或者硅酮氟化物一起混合，并且于600-800℃下的温度在气体形成材料存在的情况下发泡。
按照在美国专利号4413907中公开的方法，将玻璃粉、添加物和水混合，然后在炉子中于高温下制造泡沫产品。
美国专利4734322涉及一种方法，其特征在于将碳酸钙和碳酸镁的混合物加入到玻璃粉中，然后在700-800℃的温度下从获得的混合物中制造泡沫产品。
日本专利公开号03137038涉及制造泡沫玻璃的方法，按照所说的方法，将原料玻璃粉与1-5％(按重量计算)的碳酸锶混合，然后从此混合物中生产绝热泡沫玻璃。
上述方法的缺点是它们生产的泡沫玻璃颗粒只有少部分具有封闭孔，因此其强度不是满意的，他们不能用作抗震材料。
我们的目的是设计出一种方法，能够消除了上述方法的缺点，并且能够制造具有封闭孔结构和高强度的硅酸盐泡沫产品。
除了原料玻璃粉或粉碎的硅酸盐外，还可以使用废玻璃粉、粉碎的搪瓷釉料、废型砂、废陶瓷、来自制造电灯泡或荧光灯的硅酸盐废料、或其他有机或无机的硅酸盐废料作为合适的原材料。
因此，本发明涉及一种优选从废料中制备具有封闭孔的硅酸盐泡沫体的方法，将硅酸盐粉料、气体形成材料、碱性溶液与水混合，任选地润湿该混合物，然后使获得的混合物均匀化、粒化和经过热处理。
本方法其特征在于：将1-10重量份的粒子大小为10-100μm的气体形成材料(优选磨碎的石灰石和/或者白云石和/或者菱镁矿和/或者碳酸钡矿)，加入到100重量份比表面积为2000-8000m2/g的硅酸盐粉料(优选废玻璃粉、废釉料釉料、废型砂、废陶瓷、有机或无机硅酸盐废料，或它们的混合物)中，均化该混合物，然后加入0.5-15重量份任选地用1-10％(按重量计算)的碱金属氢氧化物或金属碳酸盐溶液活化的蒙脱石、和/或蛇纹石、和/或矾土、和/或氧化铝氢氧化物，任选的0.2-3重量份的1-10％(按重量计算)溶液形式的碱金属氢氧化物或金属碳酸盐，0.5-2重量份水溶液形式的碱金属磷酸氢盐或碱金属磷酸二氢盐或者碱金属磷酸盐与硅酸钠的混合物，以及0.01-5重量份的稀土金属氧化物或此类氧化物的混合物，任选地0.1-5重量份的带颜色的金属氧化物或此类氧化物的混合物，或重金属氧化物或此类氧化物的混合物，然后均匀化由这种方法获得的混合物，如果需要，用水润湿并粒化，然后预先干燥，用1-5重量份的钛白和/或氧化钛氢氧化物和/或氧化铝氢氧化物涂覆该颗粒，然后在720-1000℃的温度下经过热处理，任选地用0.1-1重量％的聚合物膜涂覆获得的颗粒，或者任选地将90-50重量份的颗粒与10-50重量份的有机或无机粘结材料混合，并成形为所要求的形状。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种由上面方法制造的并具有0.4-0.45g/cm3体积密度和封闭孔的、在其表面上包含0.1-2重量％的聚合物膜的粒状硅酸盐泡沫体，或者提供一种成形制品，该制品包含90-50重量份的由上述方法方法制造并具有封闭孔的硅酸盐泡沫体颗粒和10-50重量份的有机或无机的粘结材料。
该成形制品可以是所需形状的一种板材或建筑构件。
在本发明方法中使用的稀土金属氧化物或此类氧化物的混合物的作用是调整混合物的最佳表面张力和在该材料中诱导快速结晶方法。这样以来显著地提高了形成颗粒的强度。
在热处理之前加入二氧化钛或氧化钛氢氧化物防止了颗粒的粘连。
在本发明的方法中使用带颜色的金属氧化物或此类氧化物的混合物，以及重金属氧化物或此类氧化物的混合物，可以生产所需要颜色的颗粒。
在本方法中使用的碳酸钡矿是一种基于碳酸钡的矿物。
在本方法中也可以使用向日葵籽外壳灰的含水提取物作为碱金属溶液。
当将它/它们与硅酸盐粉料混合时，或者在混合之前或者在原处可以活化蒙脱石和/或蛇纹石状矿物。
如果需要，颗粒的表面上可以涂覆一层热塑性或热固性聚合物薄膜。当颗粒与粘结材料混合时，可以由该混合物制造成形制品。
可以使用水泥、石膏、沥青、热塑性聚合物或热固性合成树脂作为粘结材料。
本发明的方法和产品具有下列优点：
—该方法提供具有封闭孔、比由已知方法生产的硅酸盐泡沫体颗粒更均匀的粒径、和改良的强度特性的硅酸盐泡沫体颗粒。
—按照该方法不仅可以使用废玻璃，而且可以使用其他的硅酸盐废料生产一种绝热且隔音的产品。
—由此方法获得的产品是一种抗震性极好的材料。
—按照本发明的方法不仅废料而且原料玻璃粉和硅酸盐粉料也可以形成具有封闭孔的硅酸盐泡沫体。
通过下列实施例说明本发明的方法。
实施例1
将100重量份比表面积为4000cm2/g的铅玻璃废料粉与预先用氢氧化钠溶液处理的蒙脱石混合，并向该混合物中加入5重量份粒子大小为50-70μm的磨细的白云石。
然后在球磨机中一起研磨该组份使该混合物均化。
在球磨机中将2重量份的氢氧化钠、18重量份的水和8重量份的蒙脱石一起研磨来进行蒙脱石的预处理。
在粉碎机中将2重量份碱金属磷酸氢盐、18重量份的水和0.2重量份的稀土金属氧化物的混合物(包括氧化镧、氧化铈和氧化铕)加入到包含铅玻璃废料的均化混合物中。
将该润湿的混合物粒化并在120℃下预干燥
在粉碎机中将该颗粒与4重量份的二氧化钛混合。
在炉子中于720℃下将被涂覆的颗粒加热2分钟，然后在室温下使其冷却。
该粒化产品具有封闭孔、0.35g/cm3的体积密度、和0.9重量％的吸水率。
实施例2
按照实施例1描述的方法，除了使用在磨光雕花玻璃中形成的干渣作为原材料外，并且用磨碎的石灰石代替磨碎的白云石使此混合物均化。
将4重量份的蒙脱土加入到上面的混合物中，并与2.5重量份由焚化向日葵籽壳得到灰一起研磨。
这样以来通过研磨使得到的混合物均化，然后按照实施例1描述方法处理，但是使用氧化钛氢氧化物代替二氧化钛。
具有封闭孔的这种粒化产品的吸水率为1.5重量％，体积密度为0.32g/cm3。
实施例3
按照实施例1将混合玻璃废料(绿色的、白色的和棕色的普通玻璃废料)与2.5重量份的磨碎的石灰石、2.5重量份的干硫酸钡(废渣)、20重量份的水、10.0重量份的矾土和8重量份的型砂废料一起磨细和均化，然后向上面的混合物中加入1重量份的氢氧化钠、20重量份的水、2重量份的按照实施例1的稀土金属氧化物的混合物、以及0.5重量份的5重量％水溶液形式的磷酸三钠与1.5重量份硅酸钠的混合物。均化该混合物，然后粒化并在130℃下干燥。
其后加入2重量份的二氧化钛，并在炉子中于820℃下加热该混合物2分钟。然后升高温度到950℃，在此温度下使该颗粒保持1分钟，从炉子中移出并在空气中冷却到室温。
这种产品的吸水率为1.0重量％，且体积密度为0.30g/cm3。
实施例4
向100重量份混合的普通废料玻璃粉中加入8重量份的白云石、3重量份的富镁蛇纹石矿物和5重量份的碳酸锌。碳酸锌是以5重量％水溶液使用的。
将该混合物在球磨机中研磨、均化，然后按照实施例3描述的方法，除了在780℃下进行热处理2.5分钟外。之后冷却该产品到室温。
这种产品具有封闭孔、0.35g/cm3的体积密度和1.2重量％的吸水率。
实施例5
向100重量份的从混合的普通废料玻璃中得到的粉料中加入5重量份的磨碎的石灰石、0.7重量份的蒙脱石、3重量份的碳酸锌和1重量份的实施例1中稀土金属氧化物的混合物。碳酸锌是以10重量％水溶液使用的。
研磨该混合物并均化。
在粒化之前，以5重量％水溶液形式加入2重量份的磷酸钠和磷酸氢二钠的1∶1混合物。
在上浆(sizing)之后，在120℃下干燥合适的粒子大小为3-6毫米的颗粒，并将它们与4重量份的氧化铝氢氧化物和二氧化钛的1∶1混合物混合，在该颗粒的表面上形成10微米厚的涂层。
然后将该颗粒保持在850℃下3分钟并冷却。
该产品的体积密度为0.30g/cm3，吸水率为0.8重量％。
实施例6
向100份磨细的生产萤光灯的废料(混合的镁、铅和硼硅酸盐玻璃)中加入6重量份的磨碎的石灰石、8重量份的蒙脱石和1重量份的实施例1中稀土金属氧化物的混合物。
在球磨机中将得到的混合物研磨获得比表面积为3500cm2/g的粉料，然后均化。
然后以5重量％水溶液形式加入2重量份的硅酸钠和磷酸三钠的2∶1混合物。
将润湿的混合物粒化，在120℃下预干燥该颗粒，然后用4重量份的二氧化钛、氧化钛氢氧化物和氧化铝氢氧化物的1∶1∶1混合物涂覆该颗粒。
其后将该颗粒保持在850℃下3分钟，并冷却到室温。
这样以来获得的产品的体积密度为0.38g/cm3，且吸水率为0.5重量％。
实施例7
向100重量份的粉状硼硅酸盐玻璃废料中加入8重量份的白云石、5重量份的蒙脱石、0.5重量份的实施例1中稀土金属氧化物的混合物和5重量份的碳酸锌废料。碳酸锌是以10重量％水溶液使用的。
在球磨机中将混合物研磨并均化。
用在实施例6中描述的润湿溶液进行造粒。在上浆之后，使用实施例5中描述的材料在合适大小(3-5毫米)的颗粒上涂覆厚度为几十微米的涂层。
然后将该颗粒在120℃下干燥，在790℃下经过热处理。获得的产品具有封闭孔、0.32g/cm3的体积密度、和1.2重量％的吸水率。
实施例8
向100重量份的镁玻璃和硅酸硼玻璃的混合物中加入8重量份的白云石、3重量份的蒙脱石、3重量份的矾土、1重量份的实施例1的稀土金属氧化物的混合物和2重量份的硅酸乙酯废料和胶态氧化硅废料混合物。
使用在实施例6中描述的润湿材料在球磨机中将该混合物磨细、均化和粒化。
将该颗粒在120℃下干燥，按照实施例6描述的方法涂覆，然后在750℃下经过热处理4分钟。热处理之后，将该颗粒冷却到室温。
这样以来获得的产品具有0.28g/cm3的体积密度和1.6重量％的吸水率。
实施例9
按照实施例8描述的方法，除了在均化作用之前加入3重量份的氧化锰、氧化铜和三氧化二铬的混合物作为着色剂。
该产品的体积密度为0.28g/cm3，吸水率为1.6重量％。
实施例10
按照实施例8描述的方法，但是为了防止吸水，用环氧树脂废料静电涂覆该颗粒，然后在140℃下经过热处理10分钟。
该产品的体积密度为0.32g/cm3，吸水率为1.0重量％。
实施例11
将70重量份在实施例1中获得的颗粒与30重量份石膏和水混合。
将该物质放在模型中并干燥。
这样以来生产的板具有优良的绝热和隔音性能。
实施例12
将80重量份在实施例1获得的颗粒与20重量份的聚酯树脂混合，然后将该物质放在模型中于120℃下硬化。生产的建筑构件具有好的绝热和隔音性能。
Claims (4)
1.一种优选从废料中制造具有封闭孔的硅酸盐泡沫体的方法，其通过将磨细的硅酸盐、气体形成材料和碱性溶液混合，任选地用水润湿该混合物，然后均化、粒化和使该混合物经过热处理，其特征在于：将1-10重量份的粒子大小为10-100μm的气体形成材料，加入到100重量份比表面积为2000-8000m2/g的硅酸盐粉料中，所述的气体形成材料优选磨碎的石灰石和/或者白云石和/或者菱镁矿和/或者碳酸钡矿，所述的硅酸盐粉料优选玻璃碎片、搪瓷釉料废料、型砂废料、陶瓷废料、有机或无机硅酸盐废料或它们的混合物，均化该混合物，然后加入0.5-15重量份的任选地用1-10重量％的碱金属氢氧化物或金属碳酸盐溶液活化的蒙脱石、和/或蛇纹石、和/或矾土、和/或氧化铝氢氧化物，任选的0.2-3重量份的1-10％(按重量计算)溶液形式的碱金属氢氧化物或金属碳酸盐，0.5-2重量份水溶液形式的碱金属磷酸氢盐或碱金属磷酸二氢盐或者碱金属磷酸盐与硅酸钠的混合物，以及0.01-5重量份的稀土金属氧化物或此类氧化物的混合物，任选的0.1-5重量份的带颜色的金属氧化物或此类氧化物的混合物，或重金属氧化物或此类氧化物的混合物，然后均匀化获得的混合物，任选地用水润湿并粒化，预先干燥，用1-5重量份的钛白和/或氧化钛氢氧化物和/或氧化铝氢氧化物涂覆该颗粒，然后在720-1000℃的温度下经过热处理，任选地用0.1-1重量％的聚合物或合成树脂涂覆获得的颗粒，或者任选地将90-50重量份的颗粒与10-50重量份的有机或无机粘结材料混合，并成形获得的混合物。
2.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于用环氧树脂涂覆颗粒的表面。
3.根据权利要求1的方法，其特征在于使用水泥、石膏、沥青、热塑性聚合物或热固性树脂作为粘结材料。
4.具有封闭孔的泡沫产品，其特征在于按照权利要求1的方法生产的颗粒，具有0.3-0.45g/cm3的体积密度，且在其表面上任选地用0.1-2重量份的聚合物或合成树脂涂覆，或一种板或或其他的成形制品，该制品包括90-50重量份的由权利要求1的方法生产的具有封闭孔的硅酸盐泡沫体颗粒，和10-50重量份的有机或无机的粘结材料。
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109734292A (zh) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-05-10 | 谭桂容 | 一种耐冲击泡沫玻璃的制备方法 |
| CN111587231A (zh) * | 2017-11-22 | 2020-08-25 | 肖特股份有限公司 | 涂覆的玻璃基底或玻璃陶瓷基底、包含闭孔的涂层以及用于涂覆基底的方法 |
| CN113336528A (zh) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-09-03 | 蚌埠学院 | 一种以石英砂尾矿为原料的泡沫陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
| CN115353374A (zh) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-18 | 济南大学 | 一种超薄涂层的泡沫陶瓷的制备方法及其制备的钯催化剂 |
| CN116143135A (zh) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-05-23 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种基于表面重构硅切割废料制备高比容量、高抗氧化性纳米硅负极的方法 |
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| JP2002047073A (ja) * | 2000-08-02 | 2002-02-12 | Inax Corp | 多孔質焼結体及びその製造方法 |
| GB2381268B (en) * | 2001-12-22 | 2004-04-14 | Univ Exeter | Ceramic material and method of manufacture |
| US20070059199A1 (en) * | 2003-05-19 | 2007-03-15 | Labuschagne Francois J | Process for material treatment |
| JP4646504B2 (ja) * | 2003-07-25 | 2011-03-09 | 日本建設技術株式会社 | 発泡ガラス製造方法 |
| FR2867186B1 (fr) * | 2004-03-04 | 2006-10-06 | Valorisation Ceramique Du Pays | Procede de fabrication d'elements de construction incorporant des boues d'epuration |
| EP1955986A1 (en) * | 2007-01-18 | 2008-08-13 | Sika Technology AG | Light weight aggregate |
| GB201122431D0 (en) * | 2011-12-24 | 2012-02-08 | Evans Michael | Aggregates |
| RU2487842C1 (ru) * | 2011-12-29 | 2013-07-20 | Юлия Алексеевна Щепочкина | Шихта для изготовления пеностекла |
| GB2565261B (en) * | 2017-01-05 | 2021-05-19 | Gent Tim | A glass Briquette forming system |
| CZ2017179A3 (cs) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-12-05 | AMT s.r.o. Příbram | Zpěnitelná směs pro výrobu pěnového skla a způsob její přípravy |
| CN108529916B (zh) * | 2018-04-27 | 2020-12-01 | 济南大学 | 一种自荧光硫铝酸盐水泥熟料及其制备方法 |
| CN108863170A (zh) * | 2018-07-20 | 2018-11-23 | 张军 | 一种含有活性炭的建筑材料及其制备方法 |
| CN113955961B (zh) * | 2021-10-18 | 2023-03-17 | 东南大学 | 一种固体废弃物表面原位生长c-s-h凝胶的制备方法 |
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| DE1796014A1 (de) * | 1968-08-16 | 1972-03-02 | Gruenzweig & Hartmann | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Formteilen aus thermisch geschaeumten Silikaten |
| CH503669A (de) * | 1968-08-29 | 1971-02-28 | Wasagchemie Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung sehr leichter verschäumter Alkalisilikatpartikel |
| US3874861A (en) * | 1968-09-05 | 1975-04-01 | Kurz Fredrik W A | Method of producing foamed glass |
| US3625723A (en) * | 1969-08-05 | 1971-12-07 | Horizons Research Inc | Foamed ceramic comprising fly ash and phosphoric acid |
| SU1335544A1 (ru) * | 1986-01-30 | 1987-09-07 | А.Б. Истру | Пеностекло |
| JP2586759B2 (ja) * | 1991-07-01 | 1997-03-05 | 株式会社イナックス | 発泡建材及びその製造方法 |
| JPH0768864B2 (ja) * | 1992-06-05 | 1995-07-26 | 株式会社イセキ開発工機 | シールド装置 |
| DE19530792A1 (de) * | 1995-08-22 | 1997-02-27 | Gerhard Fabritz | Baustoff für den Hochbau |
| RU2114797C1 (ru) * | 1996-02-28 | 1998-07-10 | Вячеслав Фролович Павлов | Способ получения пористых стекломатериалов из металлургических шлаков |
| KR19980075814A (ko) * | 1997-03-28 | 1998-11-16 | 김주환 | 탄화규소를 이용한 발포세라믹재 |
| KR100262623B1 (ko) * | 1998-03-18 | 2001-01-15 | 이한용 | 단열재용 발포유리 유리조성 및 그 제조방법 |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111587231A (zh) * | 2017-11-22 | 2020-08-25 | 肖特股份有限公司 | 涂覆的玻璃基底或玻璃陶瓷基底、包含闭孔的涂层以及用于涂覆基底的方法 |
| US11420901B2 (en) | 2017-11-22 | 2022-08-23 | Schott Ag | Coated glass or glass ceramic substrate, coating comprising closed pores, and method for coating a substrate |
| CN111587231B (zh) * | 2017-11-22 | 2023-01-13 | 肖特股份有限公司 | 涂覆的玻璃基底或玻璃陶瓷基底、包含闭孔的涂层以及用于涂覆基底的方法 |
| CN109734292A (zh) * | 2019-02-25 | 2019-05-10 | 谭桂容 | 一种耐冲击泡沫玻璃的制备方法 |
| CN113336528A (zh) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-09-03 | 蚌埠学院 | 一种以石英砂尾矿为原料的泡沫陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
| CN113336528B (zh) * | 2021-07-06 | 2022-12-09 | 蚌埠学院 | 一种以石英砂尾矿为原料的泡沫陶瓷材料及其制备方法 |
| CN115353374A (zh) * | 2022-08-24 | 2022-11-18 | 济南大学 | 一种超薄涂层的泡沫陶瓷的制备方法及其制备的钯催化剂 |
| CN115353374B (zh) * | 2022-08-24 | 2023-04-25 | 济南大学 | 一种超薄涂层的泡沫陶瓷的制备方法及其制备的钯催化剂 |
| CN116143135A (zh) * | 2023-02-28 | 2023-05-23 | 昆明理工大学 | 一种基于表面重构硅切割废料制备高比容量、高抗氧化性纳米硅负极的方法 |
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