CN1274527C - 用于对轨道车辆的车载电气设备进行通风的方法及装置 - Google Patents

用于对轨道车辆的车载电气设备进行通风的方法及装置 Download PDF

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CN1274527C
CN1274527C CNB011167874A CN01116787A CN1274527C CN 1274527 C CN1274527 C CN 1274527C CN B011167874 A CNB011167874 A CN B011167874A CN 01116787 A CN01116787 A CN 01116787A CN 1274527 C CN1274527 C CN 1274527C
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equipment
inverter
fan
electrical equipment
ventilation
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CN1412037A (zh
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吉勒·列弗莱蒙特
贝尔纳·玛丽
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Alstom Holdings SA
Alstom SA
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GEC Alsthom SA
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61CLOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C17/00Arrangement or disposition of parts; Details or accessories not otherwise provided for; Use of control gear and control systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B61RAILWAYS
    • B61CLOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
    • B61C17/00Arrangement or disposition of parts; Details or accessories not otherwise provided for; Use of control gear and control systems
    • B61C17/04Arrangement or disposition of driving cabins, footplates or engine rooms; Ventilation thereof
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/08Units comprising pumps and their driving means the working fluid being air, e.g. for ventilation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02MAPPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H05ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05KPRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
    • H05K7/00Constructional details common to different types of electric apparatus
    • H05K7/20Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating
    • H05K7/20009Modifications to facilitate cooling, ventilating, or heating using a gaseous coolant in electronic enclosures
    • H05K7/20136Forced ventilation, e.g. by fans
    • H05K7/20172Fan mounting or fan specifications
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26Rail vehicles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K17/00Asynchronous induction motors; Asynchronous induction generators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/64Electric machine technologies in electromobility
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T30/00Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Inverter Devices (AREA)
  • Cooling Or The Like Of Electrical Apparatus (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)
  • Control Of Multiple Motors (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)

Abstract

对铁路车辆上的车载电气设备进行通风的装置,铁路车辆或者由与直流电源相连的电力受流系统引来的直流电直接供电;或者由对交流电进行整流和滤波后获得的电流间接供电,交流电从与单相交流电源相连的电力受流系统引来,电气设备都由各自的冷却风扇进行通风,冷却风扇由各个电动机控制,电动机是异步电机,每个风扇电机都是由单个逆变器输出的三相交流电供电的,各个逆变器与用来牵引铁路车辆的直流电相连接。

Description

用于对轨道车辆的车载电气设备进行通风的方法及装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种对直流供电的轨道车辆上的车载电气设备进行通风的方法和装置,更具体来讲,涉及这样的一种通风装置:其为每个电气设备都设置了一个对应的风扇,其中的风扇受一电动机控制。该通风设备最好是用在铁路牵引机车上,这样的车辆带有许多通风冷却的车载电气设备。
背景技术
通常,轨道车上诸如变压器、牵引电机、制动变阻器、以及电子功率单元等各种电力设备都是通过各自的风扇独立冷却的,其中各个风扇都是由一个电动机驱动的,所有的风扇电机都是由同一个车载逆变器供电的,该变流器将从接触网引入的直流电逆变成适于电力设备使用的交流电。但是,这样的通风装置存在使各个风扇的工作同步的缺点。因而,一旦其中的一个风扇需要以最大功率工作以确保与该风扇相连接的电气设备的冷却时,变流器将会向其它的风扇也输送最大功率,这样就使无用功率消耗增加,另外还产生噪音污染。
发明内容
因而,本发明的目的是提出一种用来对铁路车辆上的车载电气设备进行通风的方法和设备,该方法和设备减低了噪音污染,由此使铁路车辆更舒适,同时该方法和设备还减小了功率消耗。
本发明设计了一种对铁路车辆上的车载电气设备进行通风冷却的设备,所说铁路车辆或者是由与直流电源相连的电力受流系统引来的直流电直接供电的;或者是由对交流电进行整流和滤波后获得的电流间接供电的,其中的交流电是从与单相交流电源相连的电力受流系统引来的,每个电气设备都由各自的冷却风扇进行通风,这些冷却风扇由各个电动机控制,该设备的特征在于:这些电动机是异步电机,每个风扇电机都是由单个逆变器输出的三相交流电供电的,各个逆变器与用来牵引铁路车辆的直流电相连接。
本发明中用来对车载电气设备进行通风的装置还具有如下的一个或多个特征,这些特征可单独采用,或以任何技术上可行的组合方式采用,这些特征包括:
各个逆变器被集成在所说风扇电动机的机座上;
每个风扇的电源逆变器的输出都是随对应电气设备功率消耗量的变化进行控制的;以及
该铁路车辆是带有诸如变压器、牵引电机、制动变阻器、或电子功率单元等电气设备的载客车辆。
本发明还涉及一种对直流牵引铁路车辆上的车载电气设备进行通风的方法,其每个电气设备都是由各自的冷却风扇通风散热的,各个冷却风扇都由一台电动机控制,该方法的特征在于:每个风扇电机都是通过各自的逆变器由三相交流电独立供电的,各个逆变器连接到用来牵引铁路车辆的直流电源上,该逆变器的控制规律是其对应电气设备的功率消耗量的函数。
本发明方法的另一个特征是:每个逆变器的控制规律都使得对应电气设备的通风制冷量正比于该电气设备的功率消耗量。
阅读下文参照附图对以非限定性示例形式给出的实施例的描述,可对本发明的目的、特征以及优点有更好的理解,在附图中;
附图说明
图1是一个铁路车辆的侧面示意图,该车辆安装有本发明用来对车载电气设备进行通风的装置;以及
图2是一个风扇电机的轴测视图,该电机上集成安装了一个用在本发明通风装置中的逆变器。
具体实施方式
为了使附图更易于看懂,图中只绘出了对理解本发明必须的那些元件。
图1表示了一个铁路动车,其由与750伏直流接触网相连的集电弓装置1供电。
在图1中,车辆上安装有牵引电机、变压器、电子功率单元、制动变阻器等电气设备,每个设备都各自带有一个冷却风扇2,风扇由一个异步电机3驱动。
在图2中,在每个异步电机3的底座上都集成安装了一个直流/交流逆变器4,该逆变器用来将从接触网上引入的750V直流电逆变成向异步电机3供电的三相交流电。逆变器4用螺栓固定在电机3底座的凸缘盘31上,这样就形成了一个结构紧凑的组件,其包括一个逆变器4、一个电机、以及一个风扇2。
逆变器4是由IGBT管组成的,其输出频率f可调,且比值Uout/fout恒定,当输出频率fout为50Hz时,其输出电压Uout为基础输出电压545伏。各个电机3绕组的尺寸被设计成当逆变器的输出为基本输出电压(即50Hz、545V)时为额定工况。
每个逆变器4都包括一个控制电路,该控制电路以所要进行通风的电气设备的电流消耗量为输入参数。
本发明通风设备的工作过程是这样的:
当某一电气设备工作时,与该设备相对应的冷却风扇2的电机3由集成逆变器4输出的交流电供电,所说逆变器要根据电气设备所耗电流的检测值进行控制,以按照比例关系向电动机3供电,这样就使风扇2的旋转速度正比于对应电气设备的功率消耗。
这种带有异步电机驱动风扇的通风装置的优点是:其工作寿命和可靠性要大于用直流电机驱动的装置,且需要更少的维护工作。此外,为每个风扇电机设置一个集成的逆变器可使各个风扇的功率作为电气设备电功率消耗量的函数、因而也作为所说电气设备发热量的函数独立地变化。
相应地,本发明的通风装置使各个电气设备的通风量都成为其所需冷却量的函数,因而使动力消耗显著降低。此外,通过使电气设备的各个风扇实现了独立控制,本发明的通风设备和方法还具有缩短风扇工作时间的优点,因而就减少了这些风扇发出的噪音污染,并由此提高了乘客的舒适性。

Claims (6)

1.用来对铁路车辆上的车载电气设备进行通风的装置,所说铁路车辆是由与直流电源相连的电力受流系统(1)引来的直流电直接供电的;或者是由对交流电进行整流和滤波后获得的电流间接供电的,其中的交流电是从与单相交流电源相连的电力受流系统(1)引来的,每个电气设备都由各自的冷却风扇(2)进行通风,这些冷却风扇由各个电动机(3)控制,该设备的特征在于:这些电动机(3)是异步电机,每个风扇电机(3)都是由单个逆变器(4)输出的三相交流电供电的,各个逆变器与用来牵引铁路车辆的直流电相连接。
2.根据权利要求1所述的通风设备,其特征在于:所说的各单个逆变器(4)被集成安装在所说风扇(2)电动机的机座上。
3.根据权利要求2所述的通风设备,其特征在于:每个风扇的电源逆变器都是作为对应电气设备功率消耗量的函数进行控制。
4.根据权利要求1到3之一所述的通风设备,其特征在于:其中所说的铁路车辆是带有电气设备的载客车辆。
5.一种对直流牵引的铁路车辆上的车载电气设备进行通风的方法,每个所说电气设备都是由各自的冷却风扇(2)通风散热的,各个冷却风扇都由一台电动机(3)控制,该方法的特征在于:电动机(3)是异步电机,每个风扇电机(3)都是通过单个的逆变器由三相交流电独立供电的,各个逆变器连接到用来牵引铁路车辆的直流电源上,所说单个逆变器(4)被作为对应电气设备的功率消耗量的函数进行控制。
6.根据权利要求5所述的通风方法,其特征在于:每个逆变器都这样进行控制:使得对应电气设备的制冷量正比于该电气设备的功率消耗量。
CNB011167874A 2000-05-04 2001-04-30 用于对轨道车辆的车载电气设备进行通风的方法及装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1274527C (zh)

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FR0005746A FR2808487B1 (fr) 2000-05-04 2000-05-04 Dispositif et procede de ventilation d'equipements electriques embarques a bord d'un vehicule ferroviaire
FR0005746 2000-05-04

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US20010050025A1 (en) 2001-12-13
CZ301328B6 (cs) 2010-01-20
JP2002019608A (ja) 2002-01-23
DE60112504T2 (de) 2006-06-01
FR2808487B1 (fr) 2002-06-21
US6431081B2 (en) 2002-08-13
DE60112504D1 (de) 2005-09-15
MXPA01004472A (es) 2004-09-10
TW555661B (en) 2003-10-01
AU3898201A (en) 2001-11-08
PL347302A1 (en) 2001-11-05
BR0101671A (pt) 2001-12-26
CA2346314A1 (fr) 2001-11-04
KR20010100973A (ko) 2001-11-14
CN1412037A (zh) 2003-04-23
ATE301568T1 (de) 2005-08-15
HK1051518A1 (en) 2003-08-08
AU765963B2 (en) 2003-10-09
KR100694754B1 (ko) 2007-03-14
RU2238856C2 (ru) 2004-10-27
EP1151904A1 (fr) 2001-11-07
FR2808487A1 (fr) 2001-11-09
PL200983B1 (pl) 2009-02-27
EP1151904B1 (fr) 2005-08-10
CZ20011588A3 (cs) 2001-12-12
CA2346314C (fr) 2008-12-23

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